The Poets — Verse 151
26:151 · ash-Shu`ara`
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وَلَا تُطِیعُوۤا۟ أَمۡرَ ٱلۡمُسۡرِفِینَ ١٥١
walā tuṭīʿū amra l-mus'rifīn
The Poets / ash-Shu`ara` (26:151)
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No verses on this ayah are cited by 2 or more commentators using numeric S:A notation. All extracted references come from a single source's commentary.
Single-source mention (1) cited by only one commentator
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Q 7:74 (al-A`raf)
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Note: these connections are extracted from numeric S:A references inside the commentary text and are therefore biased toward mufassirun who use that notation. Prose-style references (e.g. "Surat al-Baqarah verse 30") will be added later, which should surface additional multi-source consensus.
do not obey those who are given to exces
walā tuṭīʿū amra l-mus'rifīn
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Tafsir Commentary
A Reminder to Them of their Circumstances and the Blessings
They enjoyed Salih preached to them, warning them that the punishment of Allah could overtake them and reminding them of the blessings that Allah had bestowed upon them, by giving them ample provision and making them safe from all kinds of dangers, giving them gardens and flowing springs, and bringing forth for them crops and fruits.
وَنَخْلٍ طَلْعُهَا هَضِيمٌ
(and date palms with soft clusters.) Al-`Awfi narrated from Ibn `Abbas, "Ripe and rich." `Ali bin Abi Talhah narrated from Ibn `Abbas that this meant growing luxuriantly. Isma`il bin Abi Khalid narrated from `Amr bin Abi `Amr -- who met the Companions -- from Ibn `Abbas that this means, "When it becomes ripe and soft." This was narrated by Ibn Abi Hatim, then he said: "And something similar was narrated from Abu Salih."
وَتَنْحِتُونَ مِنَ الْجِبَالِ بُيُوتاً فَـرِهِينَ
(And you hew out in the mountains, houses with great skill.) Ibn `Abbas and others said, "With great skill." According to another report from him: "They were greedy and extravagant." This was the view of Mujahid and another group. There is no contradiction between the two views, because they built the houses which they carved in the mountains as a form of extravagant play, with no need for them as dwelling places. They were highly skilled in the arts of masonry and stone-carving, as is well known to anyone who has seen their structures. So, Salih said to them:
فَاتَّقُواْ اللَّهَ وَأَطِيعُونِ
(So, have Taqwa of Allah, and obey me.) Pay attention to that which could benefit you in this world and the Hereafter; worshipping your Lord Who created you, who granted you provisions so that you could worship Him alone and glorify Him morning and evening.
وَلاَ تُطِيعُواْ أَمْرَ الْمُسْرِفِينَ - الَّذِينَ يُفْسِدُونَ فِى الاٌّرْضِ وَلاَ يُصْلِحُونَ
(And follow not the command of the extravagant, who make mischief in the land, and reform not.) meaning, their chiefs and leaders, who called them to Shirk, disbelief and opposition to the truth.
قَالُواْ إِنَّمَآ أَنتَ مِنَ الْمُسَحَّرِينَ - مَآ أَنتَ إِلاَّ بَشَرٌ مِّثْلُنَا فَأْتِ بِـَايَةٍ إِن كُنتَ مِنَ الصَّـدِقِينَ - قَالَ هَـذِهِ نَاقَةٌ لَّهَا شِرْبٌ وَلَكُمْ شِرْبُ يَوْمٍ مَّعْلُومٍ - وَلاَ تَمَسُّوهَا بِسُوءٍ فَيَأْخُذَكُمْ عَذَابُ يَوْمٍ عَظِيمٍ - فَعَقَرُوهَا فَأَصْبَحُواْ نَـدِمِينَ - فَأَخَذَهُمُ الْعَذَابُ إِنَّ فِى ذَلِكَ لأَيَةً وَمَا كَانَ أَكْثَرُهُم مُّؤْمِنِينَ
and do not obey the command of the prodigal
فخافوا عقوبة الله، واقبلوا نصحي، ولا تنقادوا لأمر المسرفين على أنفسهم المتمادين في معصية الله الذين دأبوا على الإفساد في الأرض إفسادًا لا إصلاح فيه.
"ولا تطيعوا أمر المسرفين الذين يفسدون في الأرض ولا يصلحون" يعني رؤساءهم وكبراءهم الدعاة لهم إلى الشرك والكفر ومخالفة الحق.
ثم نهاهم عن طاعة المفسدين فى الأرض بعد أن أمرهم بتقوى الله فقال : ( وَلاَ تطيعوا أَمْرَ المسرفين الذين يُفْسِدُونَ فِي الأرض وَلاَ يُصْلِحُونَ ) .أى : اجعلوا طاعتكم لله - تعالى - وحده ، ولى بصفتى رسوله إليكم ، واتركوا طاعة زعمائكم وكبرائكم المسرفين فى إصرارهم على الكفر والجحود والذين من صفاتهم أنهم يفسدون فى الأرض فسادا لا يخالطه إصلاح .قال الآلوسى : قوله : ( وَلاَ تطيعوا أَمْرَ المسرفين . . ) كأنه عنى بالخطاب جمهور قومه . وبالمسرفين كبراءهم فى الكفر والإضلال . وكانوا تسعة رهط . . . والإسراف : تجاوز الحد فى كل أمر . .
يقول تعالى ذكره مخبرا عن قيل صالح لقومه من ثمود: لا تطيعوا أيها القوم أمر المسرفين على أنفسهم في تماديهم في معصية الله, واجترائهم على سخطه.
( ولا تطيعوا أمر المسرفين ) قال ابن عباس : المشركين . وقال مقاتل : هم التسعة الذين عقروا الناقة .
وَلَا تُطِيعُوا أَمْرَ الْمُسْرِفِينَ (151) والإسراف : الإفراط في شيء ، والمراد به هنا الإسراف المذموم كله في المال وفي الكفر ، ووصفهم بأنهم { يفسدون في الأرض } ، فالإسراف منوط بالفساد .وعطف { ولا يصلحون }
وَلا تُطِيعُوا أَمْرَ الْمُسْرِفِينَ الذين تجاوزوا الحد
ولا تطيعوا أمر المسرفين قيل : المراد الذين عقروا الناقة . وقيل : التسعة الرهط الذين يفسدون في الأرض ولا يصلحون . قال السدي وغيره : أوحى الله تعالى إلى صالح : إن قومك سيعقرون ناقتك ; فقال لهم ذلك ، فقالوا : ما كنا لنفعل . فقال لهم صالح : إنه سيولد في شهركم هذا غلام يعقرها ويكون هلاككم على يديه ; فقالوا : لا يولد في هذا الشهر ذكر إلا قتلناه . فولد لتسعة منهم في ذلك الشهر فذبحوا أبناءهم ، ثم ولد للعاشر فأبى أن يذبح ابنه وكان لم يولد له قبل ذلك . وكان ابن العاشر أزرق أحمر فنبت نباتا سريعا ; وكان إذا مر بالتسعة فرأوه قالوا : لو كان أبناؤنا أحياء لكانوا [ ص: 121 ] مثل هذا . وغضب التسعة على صالح ; لأنه كان سبب قتلهم أبناءهم فتعصبوا وتقاسموا بالله لنبيتنه وأهله . قالوا : نخرج إلى سفر فترى الناس سفرنا فنكون في غار ، حتى إذا كان الليل وخرج صالح إلى مسجده أتيناه فقتلناه ، ثم قلنا ما شهدنا مهلك أهله وإنا لصادقون ; فيصدقوننا ويعلمون أنا قد خرجنا إلى سفر . وكان صالح لا ينام معهم في القرية وكان يأوي إلى مسجده ، فإذا أصبح أتاهم فوعظهم ، فلما دخلوا الغار أرادوا أن يخرجوا فسقط عليهم الغار فقتلهم ، فرأى ذلك ناس ممن كان قد اطلع على ذلك ، فصاحوا في القرية : يا عباد الله ! أما رضي صالح أن أمر بقتل أولادهم حتى قتلهم ; فأجمع أهل القرية على قتل الناقة . وقال ابن إسحاق : إنما اجتمع التسعة على سب صالح بعد عقرهم الناقة وإنذارهم بالعذاب على ما يأتي بيانه في سورة ( النمل ) إن شاء الله تعالى .
After the ‘Ad, the other community which gained ascendance was the Thamud (
7:74
). This community inhabited the area between Khaybar and Tabuk known as Al-Hijr. This community too was blessed with great prosperity and enjoyed dominance over others. But, the members of this community likewise devoted their full attention to the attainment of material prosperity. The art of constructing large houses by carving them out of the hills was perhaps started by this community and an improved form of this is found in the Ajanta and Ellora caves in India. Unfortunately, all those who obtain worldly benefits harbour the misunderstanding that they are entitled to them and may use them as they like. But this is the greatest mistake. The fact is that these worldly things are there only for as long as the period of trial lasts. After that, everything will be snatched from them so that nothing remains. One who exceeds the limit is one who, when he acquires wealth, develops the mentality of conceit instead of gratitude to God. When power falls to his lot, he indulges in vanity instead of being modest. If he is given high office, he uses it to glorify his name and not to serve others. Such misuse of available opportunities creates disturbance in society. The leaders of the Thamud community indulged in such type of excesses and the commoners followed them. Their prophet warned (the common people) that those they considered great were themselves misguided, and asked how they could then guide others.
Commentary
وَتَنْحِتُونَ مِنَ الْجِبَالِ بُيُوتًا فَارِهِينَ ﴿149﴾And you hew out houses from the hills with pride. [ 149]
According to Sayyidna Ibn ` Abbas ؓ ، the word فَارِهِينَ (Farihin) means arrogant and conceited people. But Abu Salih and Imam Raghib have taken this word to mean experts. Therefore, the meaning of the verse is that Allah Ta’ ala has favoured you by teaching such skills that you could make houses by cutting hills. The essence of all this is that you should remember the bounties of Allah Ta’ ala and should not make mischief and trouble on earth.
Useful vocations are Divine Graces provided they are not employed in bad things
This verse indicates that nice vocations are Allah's Graces, and to draw benefit from them is lawful. But if they are used for some sinful purpose or in an unlawful act, or if someone gets involved in them with unnecessary concentration, then it is not lawful to adopt them. An example of unnecessary construction of tall buildings and its contempt has just been mentioned in the previous verses.
(And obey not the command of the prodigal) and obey not the words of the idolaters,