Those Who Drag Forth, Soul-snatchers, Those Who Pulled Out — Verse 28
79:28 · an-Nazi`at
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رَفَعَ سَمْكَهَا فَسَوَّاهَا
RafaAAa samkaha fasawwaha
Those Who Drag Forth, Soul-snatchers, Those Who Pulled Out / an-Nazi`at (79:28)
Connections 2 single-source 1 commentator
Multi-source connections
No verses on this ayah are cited by 2 or more commentators using numeric S:A notation. All extracted references come from a single source's commentary.
Single-source mentions (2) cited by only one commentator
By commentator who cites how many verses on this ayah
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Tafsir Ibn Kathir (abridged) 2 verses
Note: these connections are extracted from numeric S:A references inside the commentary text and are therefore biased toward mufassirun who use that notation. Prose-style references (e.g. "Surat al-Baqarah verse 30") will be added later, which should surface additional multi-source consensus.
raising it high and perfecting it
RafaAAa samkaha fasawwaha
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Tafsir Commentary
He made it rise high — an explication of the manner of its construction; in other words He made its vertical extension high; it is also said that samkahā means ‘its ceiling’ — and levelled it He made it even flawless
أبَعْثُكم أيها الناس- بعد الموت أشد في تقديركم أم خلق السماء؟ رفعها فوقكم كالبناء، وأعلى سقفها في الهواء لا تفاوت فيها ولا فطور، وأظلم ليلها بغروب شمسها، وأبرز نهارها بشروقها. والأرض بعد خلق السماء بسطها، وأودع فيها منافعها، وفجَّر فيها عيون الماء، وأنبت فيها ما يُرعى من النباتات، وأثبت فيها الجبال أوتادًا لها. خلق سبحانه كل هذه النعم منفعة لكم ولأنعامكم. (إن إعادة خلقكم يوم القيامة أهون على الله من خلق هذه الأشياء، وكله على الله هين يسير).
أي جعلها عالية البناء بعيدة الفناء مستوية الأرجاء مكللة بالكواكب في الليلة الظلماء.
ثم بين - سبحانه - جانبا من بديع قدرته فى خلق السماء فقال : ( رَفَعَ سَمْكَهَا فَسَوَّاهَا ) .والسَّمْك - بفتح السين - المشددة وسكون الميم - : الرفع فى الفضاء ، وجعل الشئ عاليا عن غيره .تقول : سمكت الشئ ، إذا رفعته فى الهواء ، وبناء مسموك ، أى : مرتفع ، ومنه قول الشاعر :إن الذى سمك السماء بنى لنا ... بيتا دعائمه أعز وأطولأى : أن الله - تعالى - بقدرته ، جعل مقدار ارتفاع السماء عن الأرض عظيما ، وبجانب ذلك سوى بحكمته هذه السماء ، بأن جعلها خالية من الشقوق والثقوب . . كما قال - سبحانه - : ( مَّا ترى فِي خَلْقِ الرحمن مِن تَفَاوُتٍ . . . ).
وقوله: ( رَفَعَ سَمْكَهَا فَسَوَّاهَا ) يقول تعالى ذكره: فسوّى السماء، فلا شيء أرفع من شيء، ولا شيء أخفض من شيء، ولكن جميعها مستوي الارتفاع والامتداد.وبنحو الذي قلنا في ذلك قال أهل التأويل.* ذكر من قال ذلك:حدثنا بشر، قال: ثنا يزيد، قال: ثنا سعيد، عن قتادة، قوله: ( رَفَعَ سَمْكَهَا فَسَوَّاهَا ) يقول: رفع بناءها فسوّاها .حدثني محمد بن عمرو، قال: ثنا أبو عاصم، قال: ثنا عيسى، وحدثني الحارث، قال: ثنا الحسن، قال: ثنا ورقاء، جميعا عن ابن أبي نجيح، عن مجاهد، قوله: ( رَفَعَ سَمْكَهَا فَسَوَّاهَا ) قال: رفع بناءها بغير عمد .حدثني عليّ، قال: ثنا أبو صالح، قال: ثني معاوية، عن عليّ، عن ابن عباس، قوله: ( رَفَعَ سَمْكَهَا ) يقول: بُنيانها.
"رفع سمكها"، سقفها "فسواها"، بلا شطور ولا شقوق ولا فطور.
رَفَعَ سَمْكَهَا فَسَوَّاهَا (28) وجملة { رفع سمكها فسواها } مبنية لجملة { بناها } أو بدل اشتمال منها وسلك طريق الإِجمال ثم التفصيل لزيادة التصوير .والسّمْك : بفتح السين وسكون الميم : الرَّفع في الفضاء كما اقتصر عليه الراغب سواء اتصل المرفوع بالأرض أو لم يتصل بها وهو مصدر سَمَكَ .والرَّفع : جعل جسم معتلياً وهو مرادف للسمْك فتعدية فعل { رفع } إلى «السمك» للمبالغة في الرفع ، أي رَفَعَ رفْعَهَا أي جَعله رفيعاً ، وهو من قبيل قولهم : لَيل ألْيَل ، وشِعر شاعر ، وظِل ظليل .والتسوية : التعديل وعدم التفاوت ، وهي جعل الأشياء سواء ، أي متماثلة وأصلها أن تتعلق بأشياء وقد تتعلق باسم شيء واحد على معنى تعديل جهاته ونواحيه ومنه قوله هنا : { فسواها } ، أي عَدَّل أجزاءها وذلك بأن أتقن صنعها فلا ترى فيها تفاوتاً .والفاء في { فسواها } للتعقيب .وتسوية السماء حصلت مع حصول سمكها ، فالتعقيب فيه مثل التعقيب في قوله : { فنادى فقال أنا ربكم الأعلى } [ النازعات : 23 ، 24 ] .
{ رَفَعَ سَمْكَهَا } أي: جرمها وصورتها، { فَسَوَّاهَا } بإحكام وإتقان يحير العقول، ويذهل الألباب،
رفع سمكها أي أعلى سقفها في الهواء ; يقال : سمكت الشيء أي رفعته في الهواء ، وسمك الشيء سموكا : ارتفع وقال الفراء : كل شيء حمل شيئا من البناء وغيره فهو سمك . وبناء مسموك وسنام سامك تامك أي عال ، والمسموكات : السماوات . ويقال : اسمك في الديم ، أي اصعد في الدرجة .قوله تعالى : فسواها أي خلقها خلقا مستويا ، لا تفاوت فيه ، ولا شقوق ، ولا فطور .
The magnificent phenomenon before us in the shape of the universe is so great that all other things are small in comparison to it. So, in the world when the occurrence of a big event is possible, why should the occurrence of a small event not be possible? There are already many factors in existence on a large scale which explain the Quran’s declaration that man shall one Day have to face resurrection.
فَأَخَذَهُ اللَّـهُ نَكَالَ الْآخِرَةِ وَالْأُولَىٰ (So, Allah seized him for the deterrent punishment in the Hereafter and the present world....79:25). The word nakal means an 'exemplary punishment' or 'an extremely severe punishment given to an offender to deter others against committing a similar offence or sin'. The phrase 'punishment of the 'akhirah' refers to the punishment of the Hereafter that will be meted out to Fir'aun (the Pharaoh). The phrase 'punishment of the 'al a' refers to the punishment meted out to Fir'aun (the Pharaoh) and his army in this world whereby they were destroyed by drowning.
Further, the Qur'an again disposes of the doubt of the rejecters of resurrection who pose the question: "Are we going to be brought back to our former state (of life)? Is it when we will have turned into decayed bones?" [ 10-11] In other words, this is a negative rhetorical question. They purport to say that it is not possible for them to be restored to life after death when they have become perished and worm-eaten bones. Allah responds that the Supreme Creator, Who drew out this universe without any pre-existing matter and without any instrument, certainly has the Supreme power to give existence to things after destroying them. Why should it be a surprise?
In the verses that follow, the horrors of the Day of Judgment are depicted. It is mentioned that on that Day, every person will be presented with his deeds. Described also are the abodes of the inmates of Paradise and Hell. Towards the end, special traits of the people of Paradise and those of Hell are portrayed by which a man can decide in this very world whether, according to the rules, his abode would be Paradise or Hell. The expression 'according to the rules' has been used because many verses and narratives indicate that there could be 'exceptions to the rules'. For example, a person might attain freedom from Hell and enter Paradise by virtue of intercession or directly through the grace of Allah. This is an exception to the rule. The general rule is the same as has been mentioned in these verses.
He raised the height) its ceiling (thereof and ordered it) above the earth;
Creating the Heavens and the Earth is more difficult than repeating Creation
in refutation of the claim rejecting resurrection due to the renewal of creation after its original state, Allah says;
ءَأَنتُمْ
(Are you) `O people'
أَشَدُّ خَلْقاً أَمِ السَّمَآءُ
(more difficult to create or is the heaven...) meaning, `rather the heaven is more difficult to create than you.' As Allah said;
لَخَلْقُ السَّمَـوَتِ وَالاٌّرْضِ أَكْـبَرُ مِنْ خَلْقِ النَّاسِ
(the creation of the heavens and the earth is greater than the creation of mankind;) (40:57) And His saying;
أَوَلَـيْسَ الَذِى خَلَقَ السَّمَـوتِ وَالاٌّرْضَ بِقَـدِرٍ عَلَى أَن يَخْلُقَ مِثْلَهُم بَلَى وَهُوَ الْخَلَّـقُ الْعَلِيمُ
(Is not the One Who created the heavens and the earth, capable of creating the similar to them. Yes, indeed! He is the Supreme Creator, the All-Knowing.) (36:81) Then Allah says,
بَنَـهَا
(He constructed) He explains this by His statement,
رَفَعَ سَمْكَهَا فَسَوَّاهَا
(He raised its height, and has perfected it.) meaning, He made it a lofty structure, vast in its space, with equal sides, and adorned with stars at night and in the darkness. Then Allah says,
وَأَغْطَشَ لَيْلَهَا وَأَخْرَجَ ضُحَـهَا
(Its night He covers and He brings out its forenoon.) meaning, He made its night dark and extremely black, and its day bright, luminous, shining and clear. Ibn `Abbas said, "He did Aghtasha of its night means that He made it dark." Mujahid, `Ikrimah, Sa`id bin Jubayr and a large group have said this as well. In reference to Allah's statement,
وَأَخْرَجَ ضُحَـهَا
(And He brings out its forenoon.) meaning, He illuminated its day. Then Allah says,
وَالاٌّرْضَ بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ دَحَـهَا
(And after that He spread the earth,) He explains this statement by the statement that follows it,
أَخْرَجَ مِنْهَا مَآءَهَا وَمَرْعَـهَا
(And brought forth therefrom its water and its pasture.) It already has been mentioned previously in Surat Ha Mim As-Sajdah that the earth was created before the heaven was created, but it was only spread out after the creation of the heaven. This means that He brought out what was in it with a forceful action. This is the meaning of what was said by Ibn `Abbas and others, and it was the explanation preferred by Ibn Jarir. In reference to the statement of Allah,
وَالْجِبَالَ أَرْسَـهَا
(And the mountains He has fixed firmly,) meaning, He settled them, made them firm, and established them in their places. And He is the Most Wise, the All-Knowing. He is Most Kind to His creation, Most Merciful. Allah then says,
مَتَـعاً لَّكُمْ وَلاًّنْعَـمِكُمْ
(As provision and benefit for you and your cattle.) meaning, He spread out the earth, caused its springs to gush forth, brought forth its hidden benefits, caused its rivers to flow, and caused its vegetation, trees, and fruits to grow. He also made its mountains firm so that it (the earth) would be calmly settled with its dwellers, and He stabilized its dwelling places. All of this is a means of beneficial enjoyment for His creatures (mankind) providing them of what cattle they need, which they eat and ride upon. He has granted them these beneficial things for the period that they need them, in this worldly abode, until the end of time and the expiration of this life.