Ayoub al-Sakhtiyani أيوب السختياني · The Book of Fighting [The Prohibition of Bloodshed]

"Aishah said: 'Do you not know that the Messenger of Allah said: It is not permissible to shed the blood of a Muslim, except a man who committed adultery after being married, or one who reverted to Kufr after becoming Muslim, or a life for a life.'"

Some people from 'Uraynah camped in Al-Harrah and came to the Messenger of Allah sent (men) after them, who brought them, then he had their hands and feet cut off, and their eyes gouged out, and left them in Al-Harrah. Anas said: "I saw one of them biting at the ground from thirst, until they died."

"Some Bedouin from 'Uraynah came to the Prophet of Allah and accepted Islam, but the climate of Al-Madinah did not suit them; their skin turned yellow and their bellies became swollen. The Prophet of Allah sent them to some milk camels of his and told them to drink their milk and urine until they recovered. Then they killed their herdsmen and drove off the camels. The Prophet of Allah sent (men) after them and they were brought back, then he…

"The Messenger of Allah said: 'If a slave runs away, no Salah will be accepted from him until he goes back to his masters.'"

"If a slave runs away, no Salah will be accepted from him, and if he dies he will die a disbeliever." A slave of Jarir's ran away, and he caught him and struck his neck (killing him).

"If a slave runs away to the land of Shirk, there is no protection (or immunity) for him."

The Messenger of Allah said: "Fighting a Muslim is Kufr and defaming him is evildoing."

"'Abdullah said: 'Defaming a Muslim is evildoing and fighting him is Kufr.'"

"Fighting a believer is Kufr and defaming him is evildoing."

The Prophet said: "If two Muslims confront each other with swords, each of them wanting to kill the other, they will both be in Hell." It was said to him: "O Messenger of Allah, (we understand about) the killer, but what about the one who is killed?" He said: "He was determined to kill his companion."