while being thumma kāna is a supplement to iqtahama ‘he assaulted’; thumma is for the ordering of things to be mentioned in other words what is meant is that at the point of the assault he was one of those who believe and enjoin one another to steadfastness in pursuing obedience and in refraining from […]
Those the ones described by the said attributes are the ones of the right side al-maymana means al-yamīn.
But those who disbelieve in Our signs they are the ones of the left side al-mash’ama means al-shimāl.
Over them will be an enclosing Fire read mu’sada or mūsada closed on top of them.
Yet why does he not assault the obstacle? why does he not surmount it?
And what will show you what will make known to you what the obstacle is? that he is to surmount — intended to emphasise its enormity this statement is a parenthetical one. He explains the way to surmount it by saying
the freeing of a slave from bondage
or to give food on a day of hunger
to an orphan near of kin maqraba means qarāba
or a needy person in misery matraba literally means ‘clinging to the dust turāb’ because of his poverty; a variant reading has two verbal nouns in place of the two verbs fakka ‘he freed’ and at‘ama ‘he fed’ the first being in a genitive construction fakku raqabatin ‘the freeing of a slave’ and the second […]