The Sundering, Splitting Open — Verse 3

and when the earth is stretched out when its width is increased just as a piece of leather is stretched so that no edifice or mountain remains upon it

إذا السماء تصدَّعت، وتفطَّرت بالغمام يوم القيامة، وأطاعت أمر ربها فيما أمرها به من الانشقاق، وحُقَّ لها أن تنقاد لأمره. وإذا الأرض بُسطت وَوُسِّعت، ودكت جبالها في ذلك اليوم، وقذفت ما في بطنها من الأموات، وتخلَّتْ عنهم، وانقادت لربها فيما أمرها به، وحُقَّ لها أن تنقاد لأمره.

أي بسطت وفرشت ووسعت قال ابن جرير حدثنا ابن عبدالأعلى حدثنا ابن ثور عن معمر عن الزهري عن علي بن الحسين أن النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم قال "إذا كان يوم القيامة مد الله الأرض مد الأديم حتى لا يكون لبشر من الناس إلا موضع قدميه فأكون أول من يدعى وجبريل عن يمين الرحمن والله ما رآه قبلها فأقول يا رب إن هذا أخبرني أنك أرسلته إلي فيقول الله عز وجل صدق ثم أشفع فأقول يا رب عبادك عبدوك في أطراف الأرض - قال - وهو المقام المحمود".

( وَإِذَا الأرض مُدَّتْ ) أى : بسطت وتساوت بحيث صارت فى مستوى واحد ، بدون ارتفاع فى جانب أو انخفاض فى آخر ، كما قال - تعالى - : ( لاَّ ترى فِيهَا عِوَجاً ولا أَمْتاً )

وقوله: ( وَإِذَا الأرْضُ مُدَّتْ ) يقول تعالى ذكره: وإذا الأرض بُسِطَتْ، فزيدت في سعتها.كالذي حدثنا ابن عبد الأعلى، قال: ثنا ابن ثور، عن معمر، عن الزهريّ، عن عليّ بن حسين، أن النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم قال: " إذَا كَانَ يَوْمُ الْقِيَامَةِ مَدَّ اللهُ الأرْضَ حَتّى لا يَكُونَ لِبَشَرٍ مِنَ النَّاسِ إلا مَوْضِعُ قَدَمَيْهِ، فَأَكُونَ أوَّلَ مَنْ يُدْعَي، وَجِبْرِيلُ عَنْ يَمِينِ الرَّحْمَنِ، وَاللهِ ما رآهُ قَبْلَهَا، فأقُولُ يَا رَبّ إنَّ هَذَا أخْبَرَنِي أنَّكَ أرْسَلْتَهُ إليَّ، فَيَقُولُ: صَدَقَ، ثُمَّ أشْفَعُ فَأَقُولُ: يَا رَبّ عِبَادُكَ عَبَدُوكَ فِي أطْرَافِ الأرْضِ. - قال-: وَهُوَ المَقَامُ الْمَحْمُودُ" .حدثني محمد بن عمرو، قال: ثنا أبو عاصم، قال: ثنا عيسى، وحدثني الحارث، قال: ثنا الحسن، قال: ثنا ورقاء، جميعا، عن ابن أبي نجيح، عن مجاهد، قوله: ( مُدَّتْ ) قال: يوم القيامة .

"وإذا الأرض مدت"، مد الأديم العكاظي، وزيد في سعتها. وقال مقاتل: سويت كمد الأديم، فلا يبقى فيها بناء ولا جبل.

وَإِذَا الْأَرْضُ مُدَّتْ (3) والقول في جملة : { وإذا الأرض مدت } مثل القول في جملة { إذا السماء انشقت } في تقديم المسند إليه على المسند الفعلي .ومَدّ الأرض : بسطها ، وظاهر هذا أنها يُزال ما عليها من جبال كما يُمد الأديم فتزول انثناءاته كما قال تعالى : { ويسألونك عن الجبال فقل ينسفها ربي نسفاً فيذرها قاعاً صفصفاً لا ترى فيها عوجاً ولا أمتاً } [ طه : 105 107 ] .ومن معاني المدّ أن يكون ناشئاً عن اتساع مساحة ظاهرها بتشققها بالزلازل وبروز أجزاء من باطنها إلى سطحها .ومن معاني المدّ أن يزال تكويرها بتمدد جسمها حتى تصير إلى الاستطالة بعد التكوير . وذلك كله مما يؤذن باختلال نظام سير الأرض وتغير أحوال الجاذبية وما يحيط بالأرض من كرة الهواء فيعقب ذلك زوالُ هذا العالم .

{ وَإِذَا الْأَرْضُ مُدَّتْ } أي: رجفت وارتجت، ونسفت عليها جبالها، ودك ما عليها من بناء ومعلم، فسويت، ومدها الله تعالى مد الأديم، حتى صارت واسعة جدًا، تسع أهل الموقف على كثرتهم، فتصير قاعًا صفصفًا لا ترى فيها عوجًا ولا أمتا.

وقوله تعالى : وإذا الأرض مدت أي بسطت ودكت جبالها . قال النبي - صلى الله عليه وسلم - : " تمد مد الأديم " لأن الأديم إذا مد زال كل انثناء فيه وامتد واستوى . قال ابن عباس وابن مسعود : ويزاد وسعتها كذا وكذا ; لوقوف الخلائق عليها للحساب حتى لا يكون لأحد من البشر إلا موضع قدمه ، لكثرة الخلائق فيها . وقد مضى في سورة ( إبراهيم ) أن الأرض تبدل بأرض أخرى وهي الساهرة في قول ابن عباس على ما تقدم عنه .

Whatever is related here about Doomsday refers apparently to an unknown world. However, such evidence exists as points to its veracity. An example of this is the present world itself. The very existence of the world proves that another similar or different world may come into existence. Furthermore, certain extraordinary aspects of the Quran prove that it is the Book of God. (For details see The Quran: An Abiding Wonder and The Call of the Quran by the commentator).

وَإِذَا الْأَرْضُ مُدَّتْ (and when the earth will be stretched [ to give room to more people ]...84:3) The word madda means 'to stretch, spread, expand out'. Sayyidna Jabir ibn ` Abdullah ؓ narrates that the Holy Prophet said that on the Day of Judgment the earth will be stretched out like leather (or rubber) and expanded into a smooth plain, and there will be just enough space on it for all individuals of human race to keep their feet. To understand this tradition, it is necessary to keep in mind that on the Day of Resurrection all individuals who will have been born from the inception of creation till resurrection will be brought back to life simultaneously. Thus each individual will have just enough space on the earth where he could place his feet. [ Transmitted by Hakim with a good chain of authorities - Mazhari ].

(And when the earth is spread out) like the spreading out of a flat plain; and it is also said this means: when the earth is removed from its place and then flattened.

Which was revealed in Makkah The Prostration of Recitation in Surat Al-Inshiqaq It is reported from Abu Salamah that while leading them in prayer, Abu Hurayrah recited, إِذَا السَّمَآءُ انشَقَّتْ (When the heaven is split asunder.) and he prostrated during its recitation. Then when he completed the prayer, he informed them that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ prostrated during its recitation. This was recorded by Muslim and An-Nasa'i on the authority of Malik. Al-Bukhari recorded from Abu Rafi` that he prayed the Night prayer with Abu Hurayrah) recited, إِذَا السَّمَآءُ انشَقَّتْ (When the heaven is split asunder.) then he prostrated. So Abu Rafi` said something to him about it (questioning it). Abu Hurayrah replied, "I prostrated behind Abul-Qasim (the Prophet ), and I will never cease prostrating during its recitation until I meet him." بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَـنِ الرَّحِيمِ In the Name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. Splitting the Heavens asunder and stretching the Earth forth on the Day of Resurrection Allah says, إِذَا السَّمَآءُ انشَقَّتْ (When the heaven is split asunder,) This refers to the Day of Judgement. وَأَذِنَتْ لِرَبِّهَا (And listens to and obeys its Lord) meaning, it listens to its Lord and obeys His command to split apart. This will occur on the Day of Judgement. وَحُقَّتْ (and it must do so.) meaning, it is right for it to obey the command of its Lord, because it is great and cannot be rejected, nor overcome. Rather it overpowers everything and everything is submissive to it. Then Allah says, وَإِذَا الاٌّرْضُ مُدَّتْ (And when the earth is stretched forth,) meaning, when the earth is expanded, spread out and extended. Then He says, وَأَلْقَتْ مَا فِيهَا وَتَخَلَّتْ (And has cast out all that was in it and became empty.) meaning, it throws out the dead inside of it, and it empties itself of them. This was said by Mujahid, Sa`id, and Qatadah. وَأَذِنَتْ لِرَبِّهَا وَحُقَّتْ (And listens to and obeys its Lord, and it must do so.) The explanation of this is the same as what has preceded. The Recompense for Deeds is True Allah says, يأَيُّهَا الإِنسَـنُ إِنَّكَ كَادِحٌ إِلَى رَبِّكَ كَدْحاً (O man! Verily, you are returning towards your Lord with your deeds and actions, a sure returning,) meaning, `verily you are hastening to your Lord and working deeds.' فَمُلَـقِيهِ (and you will meet.) `Then you will meet that which you did of good or evil.' A proof for this is what Abu Dawud At-Tayalisi recorded from Jabir, that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, «قَالَ جِبْرِيلُ: يَا مُحَمَّدُ، عِشْ مَا شِئْتَ فَإِنَّكَ مَيِّتٌ، وَأَحْبِبْ (مَنْ) شِئْتَ فَإِنَّكَ مُفَارِقُهُ، وَاعْمَلْ مَا شِئْتَ فَإِنَّكَ مُلَاقِيه» (Jibril said, "O Muhammad! Live how you wish, for verily you will die; love what you wish, for verily you will part with it; and do what you wish, for verily you will meet it (your deed).) There are some people who refer the pronoun back to the statement "your Lord." Thus, they hold the Ayah to mean, "and you will meet your Lord." This means that He will reward you for your work, and pay you for your efforts. Therefore, both of these two views are connected. Al-`Awfi recorded from Ibn `Abbas that he said explaining, يأَيُّهَا الإِنسَـنُ إِنَّكَ كَادِحٌ إِلَى رَبِّكَ كَدْحاً (O man! Verily, you are returning towards your Lord with your deeds and actions, a sure returning,) "Whatever deed you do, you will meet Allah with it, whether it is good or bad." The Presentation and the Discussion that will take place during the Reckoning Then Allah says, فَأَمَّا مَنْ أُوتِىَ كِتَـبَهُ بِيَمِينِهِ - فَسَوْفَ يُحَاسَبُ حِسَاباً يَسِيراً (Then as for him who will be given his Record in his right hand, he surely, will receive an easy reckoning,) (84:7-8) meaning, easy without any difficulty. This means that he will not be investigated for all the minute details of his deeds. For verily, whoever is reckoned like that, he will certainly be destroyed. Imam Ahmad recorded from `A'ishah that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, «مَنْ نُوقِشَ الْحِسَابَ عُذِّب» (Whoever is interrogated during the reckoning, then he will be punished.) `A'ishah then said, "But didn't Allah say, فَسَوْفَ يُحَاسَبُ حِسَاباً يَسِيراً (He surely will receive an easy reckoning,)" The Prophet replied, «لَيْسَ ذَاكِ بِالْحِسَابِ، وَلَــكِنْ ذلِكِ الْعَرْضُ، مَنْ نُوقِشَ الْحِسَابَ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ عُذِّب» (That is not during to the Reckoning, rather it is referring to the presentation. Whoever is interrogated during the Reckoning on the Day of Judgement, then he will be punished.) This Hadith has also been recorded by Al-Bukhari, Muslim, At-Tirmidhi, An-Nasa'i and Ibn Jarir. In reference to Allah's statement, وَيَنقَلِبُ إِلَى أَهْلِهِ مَسْرُوراً (And will return to his family Masrur!) This means that he will return to his family in Paradise. This was said by Qatadah and Ad-Dahhak. They also said, "Masrur means happy and delighted by what Allah has given him." Allah said; وَأَمَّا مَنْ أُوتِىَ كِتَـبَهُ وَرَآءَ ظَهْرِهِ (But whosoever is given his Record behind his back,) meaning, he will be given his Book in his left hand, behind his back, while his hand is bent behind him. فَسَوْفَ يَدْعُو ثُبُوراً (He will invoke destruction,) meaning, loss and destruction. وَيَصْلَى سَعِيراً - إِنَّهُ كَانَ فِى أَهْلِهِ مَسْرُوراً (And he shall enter a blazing Fire, and made to taste its burning. Verily, he was among his people in joy!) meaning, happy. He did not think about the consequences, nor feared what (future) was in front of him. His light happiness will be followed by long grief. إِنَّهُ ظَنَّ أَن لَّن يَحُورَ (Verily, he thought that he would never return!) meaning, he used to believe that he would not return to Allah, nor would Allah bring him back (to life) after his death. This was said by Ibn `Abbas, Qatadah and others. Allah then says, بَلَى إِنَّ رَبَّهُ كَانَ بِهِ بَصِيراً (Yes! Verily, his Lord has been ever beholding him!) meaning, certainly Allah will repeat his creation just as he began his creation, and He will reward him based upon his deeds, whether they were good or bad. He was ever watchful of him, meaning All-Knowing and All-Aware.