The Bee — Verse 10
16:10 · an-Nahl
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هُوَ ٱلَّذِیۤ أَنزَلَ مِنَ ٱلسَّمَاۤءِ مَاۤءࣰۖ لَّكُم مِّنۡهُ شَرَابࣱ وَمِنۡهُ شَجَرࣱ فِیهِ تُسِیمُونَ ١٠
huwa alladhī anzala mina l-samāi māan lakum min'hu sharābun wamin'hu shajarun fīhi tusīmūn
The Bee / an-Nahl (16:10)
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No verses on this ayah are cited by 2 or more commentators using numeric S:A notation. All extracted references come from a single source's commentary.
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Tafsir Ibn Kathir (abridged) 1 verse
Note: these connections are extracted from numeric S:A references inside the commentary text and are therefore biased toward mufassirun who use that notation. Prose-style references (e.g. "Surat al-Baqarah verse 30") will be added later, which should surface additional multi-source consensus.
It is He who sends down water for you from the sky, from which comes a drink for you, and the shrubs that you feed to your animals
huwa alladhī anzala mina l-samāi māan lakum min'hu sharābun wamin'hu shajarun fīhi tusīmūn
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Tafsir Commentary
The Blessings of Rain, and explaining how it is one of the Signs
When Allah mentions the blessings of cattle and other animals that He has granted mankind, He then mentions how He has blessed them by sending rain down from the sky above, which has been fulfilling the needs and bringing joy to people and their cattle. Allah says:
لَّكُم مَّنْهُ شَرَابٌ
(from it you drink) meaning, He made it fresh and pure so that they can drink it, not salty and undrinkable.
وَمِنْهُ شَجَرٌ فِيهِ تُسِيمُونَ
(and from it (grows) the vegetation on which you send your cattle to pasture.) meaning, from it He raised plants on which your cattle graze. Ibn `Abbas, `Ikrimah, Ad-Dahhak, Qatadah and Ibn Zayd, all said that this refers to grazing animals including camels.
يُنبِتُ لَكُمْ بِهِ الزَّرْعَ وَالزَّيْتُونَ وَالنَّخِيلَ وَالأَعْنَـبَ وَمِن كُلِّ الثَّمَرَتِ
(With it He causes crops to grow for you, olives, date palms, grapes, and every kind of fruit.) meaning, with this one kind of water, He makes the earth sprout plants with different tastes, colors, scents and shapes. For this reason He says,
إِنَّ فِى ذَلِكَ لآيَةً لِّقَوْمٍ يَتَفَكَّرُونَ
(Verily, in this there is indeed an evident proof and a manifest sign for people who give thought.) meaning, this is a sign and a proof that there is no god besides Allah, as He says:
أَمَّنْ خَلَقَ السَّمَـوَتِ وَالاٌّرْضَ وَأَنزَلَ لَكُمْ مِّنَ السَّمَآءِ مَآءً فَأَنبَتْنَا بِهِ حَدَآئِقَ ذَاتَ بَهْجَةٍ مَّا كَانَ لَكُمْ أَن تُنبِتُواْ شَجَرَهَا أَإِلَـهٌ مَّعَ اللَّهِ بَلْ هُمْ قَوْمٌ يَعْدِلُونَ
(Is not He (better than your gods) Who created the heavens and the earth, and sends water down for you from the sky, from which We cause wonderful gardens full of beauty and delight to grow You are not able to cause the growth of their trees. Is there any ilah (god) with Allah Nay, but they are a people who make equals (to Him)!) (27:60).
He it is Who sends down water from the heaven whence you have drink for you to drink and whence are trees which grow because of this water whereat you let your animals graze.
He it is who sends down water from heaven.... Surely in that is a sign for a people who reflect... signs for a people who use intellect... a sign for a people who remember. He is an allusion to the Essence, who is an intimation of the attributes, and sends down reports about the acts. Thus you will know that God has Essence, attributes, and acts. He is eternal in Essence, noble in attributes, wise in acts; without associate in Essence, without ambiguity in attri- butes, and without cause in acts. The servants gazes upon His artisanry, then flee from the artisanry to gaze upon the attributes, then flee from the attributes to gaze upon the Essence. These are the stations of the wayfarers' traveling and the degrees of the recognizers' recognition. One must have reflection in gazing upon the artisanry, knowledge in gazing on the attributes, and remembrance in gazing on the Essence. This is why the Lord of the Worlds says, “Surely in that is a sign for a people who reflect.” Then, after that, He says, “signs for a people who use intel- lect.” Then, after that, He says “a sign for a people who remember.” In other words, recognition will be gained in this order: first reflection, then knowledge, then, at that point, he will remember through the continuity of knowledge. First he reflects, putting his gaze in its place. If no defect falls into his gaze, then inevitably he gains knowledge; and in reality there is no difference between intellect and knowledge. Then, after that, the gaze becomes continuous, and the continuity of the gaze is the remembering of which He speaks. It has been said that He says “signs for a people who use intellect” in the plural only because someone gains many knowledges in order to become a recognizer, and every part of knowledge is gained through a different sign and indicator. The knower has signs and indicators before he becomes a recognizer of his Lord, because the indicator for one question is different from the in- dicator for another question. With one indicator he knows the necessity of gazing on Him, with many indicators he becomes a recognizer of his Lord, and with one indicator he knows that it is necessary to remember the various sorts of his knowledge.
He it is who sends down water from heaven.... Surely in that is a sign for a people who reflect... signs for a people who use intellect... a sign for a people who remember. He is an allusion to the Essence, who is an intimation of the attributes, and sends down reports about the acts. Thus you will know that God has Essence, attributes, and acts. He is eternal in Essence, noble in attributes, wise in acts; without associate in Essence, without ambiguity in attri- butes, and without cause in acts. The servants gazes upon His artisanry, then flee from the artisanry to gaze upon the attributes, then flee from the attributes to gaze upon the Essence. These are the stations of the wayfarers' traveling and the degrees of the recognizers' recognition. One must have reflection in gazing upon the artisanry, knowledge in gazing on the attributes, and remembrance in gazing on the Essence. This is why the Lord of the Worlds says, “Surely in that is a sign for a people who reflect.” Then, after that, He says, “signs for a people who use intel- lect.” Then, after that, He says “a sign for a people who remember.” In other words, recognition will be gained in this order: first reflection, then knowledge, then, at that point, he will remember through the continuity of knowledge. First he reflects, putting his gaze in its place. If no defect falls into his gaze, then inevitably he gains knowledge; and in reality there is no difference between intellect and knowledge. Then, after that, the gaze becomes continuous, and the continuity of the gaze is the remembering of which He speaks. It has been said that He says “signs for a people who use intellect” in the plural only because someone gains many knowledges in order to become a recognizer, and every part of knowledge is gained through a different sign and indicator. The knower has signs and indicators before he becomes a recognizer of his Lord, because the indicator for one question is different from the in- dicator for another question. With one indicator he knows the necessity of gazing on Him, with many indicators he becomes a recognizer of his Lord, and with one indicator he knows that it is necessary to remember the various sorts of his knowledge.
He it is who sends down water from heaven.... Surely in that is a sign for a people who reflect... signs for a people who use intellect... a sign for a people who remember. He is an allusion to the Essence, who is an intimation of the attributes, and sends down reports about the acts. Thus you will know that God has Essence, attributes, and acts. He is eternal in Essence, noble in attributes, wise in acts; without associate in Essence, without ambiguity in attri- butes, and without cause in acts. The servants gazes upon His artisanry, then flee from the artisanry to gaze upon the attributes, then flee from the attributes to gaze upon the Essence. These are the stations of the wayfarers' traveling and the degrees of the recognizers' recognition. One must have reflection in gazing upon the artisanry, knowledge in gazing on the attributes, and remembrance in gazing on the Essence. This is why the Lord of the Worlds says, “Surely in that is a sign for a people who reflect.” Then, after that, He says, “signs for a people who use intel- lect.” Then, after that, He says “a sign for a people who remember.” In other words, recognition will be gained in this order: first reflection, then knowledge, then, at that point, he will remember through the continuity of knowledge. First he reflects, putting his gaze in its place. If no defect falls into his gaze, then inevitably he gains knowledge; and in reality there is no difference between intellect and knowledge. Then, after that, the gaze becomes continuous, and the continuity of the gaze is the remembering of which He speaks. It has been said that He says “signs for a people who use intellect” in the plural only because someone gains many knowledges in order to become a recognizer, and every part of knowledge is gained through a different sign and indicator. The knower has signs and indicators before he becomes a recognizer of his Lord, because the indicator for one question is different from the in- dicator for another question. With one indicator he knows the necessity of gazing on Him, with many indicators he becomes a recognizer of his Lord, and with one indicator he knows that it is necessary to remember the various sorts of his knowledge.
He it is who sends down water from heaven.... Surely in that is a sign for a people who reflect... signs for a people who use intellect... a sign for a people who remember. He is an allusion to the Essence, who is an intimation of the attributes, and sends down reports about the acts. Thus you will know that God has Essence, attributes, and acts. He is eternal in Essence, noble in attributes, wise in acts; without associate in Essence, without ambiguity in attri- butes, and without cause in acts. The servants gazes upon His artisanry, then flee from the artisanry to gaze upon the attributes, then flee from the attributes to gaze upon the Essence. These are the stations of the wayfarers' traveling and the degrees of the recognizers' recognition. One must have reflection in gazing upon the artisanry, knowledge in gazing on the attributes, and remembrance in gazing on the Essence. This is why the Lord of the Worlds says, “Surely in that is a sign for a people who reflect.” Then, after that, He says, “signs for a people who use intel- lect.” Then, after that, He says “a sign for a people who remember.” In other words, recognition will be gained in this order: first reflection, then knowledge, then, at that point, he will remember through the continuity of knowledge. First he reflects, putting his gaze in its place. If no defect falls into his gaze, then inevitably he gains knowledge; and in reality there is no difference between intellect and knowledge. Then, after that, the gaze becomes continuous, and the continuity of the gaze is the remembering of which He speaks. It has been said that He says “signs for a people who use intellect” in the plural only because someone gains many knowledges in order to become a recognizer, and every part of knowledge is gained through a different sign and indicator. The knower has signs and indicators before he becomes a recognizer of his Lord, because the indicator for one question is different from the in- dicator for another question. With one indicator he knows the necessity of gazing on Him, with many indicators he becomes a recognizer of his Lord, and with one indicator he knows that it is necessary to remember the various sorts of his knowledge.
He it is who sends down water from heaven.... Surely in that is a sign for a people who reflect... signs for a people who use intellect... a sign for a people who remember.He is an allusion to the Essence, who is an intimation of the attributes, and sends down reports about the acts. Thus you will know that God has Essence, attributes, and acts. He is eternal in Essence, noble in attributes, wise in acts; without associate in Essence, without ambiguity in attri- butes, and without cause in acts. The servants gazes upon His artisanry, then flee from the artisanry to gaze upon the attributes, then flee from the attributes to gaze upon the Essence. These are the stations of the wayfarers' traveling and the degrees of the recognizers' recognition.One must have reflection in gazing upon the artisanry, knowledge in gazing on the attributes, and remembrance in gazing on the Essence. This is why the Lord of the Worlds says, �Surely in that is a sign for a people who reflect.� Then, after that, He says, �signs for a people who use intel- lect.� Then, after that, He says �a sign for a people who remember.� In other words, recognition will be gained in this order: first reflection, then knowledge, then, at that point, he will remember through the continuity of knowledge. First he reflects, putting his gaze in its place. If no defect falls into his gaze, then inevitably he gains knowledge; and in reality there is no difference between intellect and knowledge. Then, after that, the gaze becomes continuous, and the continuity of the gaze is the remembering of which He speaks.It has been said that He says �signs for a people who use intellect� in the plural only because someone gains many knowledges in order to become a recognizer, and every part of knowledge is gained through a different sign and indicator. The knower has signs and indicators before he becomes a recognizer of his Lord, because the indicator for one question is different from the in- dicator for another question. With one indicator he knows the necessity of gazing on Him, with many indicators he becomes a recognizer of his Lord, and with one indicator he knows that it is necessary to remember the various sorts of his knowledge.
هو الذي أنزل لكم من السحاب مطرًا، فجعل لكم منه ماءً تشربونه، وأخرج لكم به شجرًا تَرْعَوْن فيه دوابّكم، ويعود عليكم دَرُّها ونفْعُها.
لما ذكر تعالى ما أنعم به عليهم من الأنعام والدواب شرع في ذكر نعمته عليهم في إنزال المطر من السماء وهو العلو مما لهم فيه بلغة ومتاع لهم ولأنعامهم فقال "لكم منه شراب" أي جعله عذبا زلالا يسوغ لكم شرابه ولم يجعله ملحا أجاجا "ومنه شجر فيه تسيمون" أي وأخرج لكم منه شجرا ترعون فيه أنعامكم. وقال ابن عباس وعكرمة والضحاك وقتادة وابن زيد في قوله فيه تسيمون أي ترعون ومنه الإبل السائمة والسوم: الرعي وروى ابن ماجه أن رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم نهى عن السوم قبل طلوع الشمس.
والمراد بالسماء : السحاب المرتفع فى طبقات الجو ، حيث ينزل منه الماء بقدرة الله - تعالى - والشراب : اسم للمشروب الذى يشربه الإِنسان والحيوان وغيرهما .والشجر : يطلق على النبات ذى الساق الصلبة على سبيل الحقيقة ، ويطلق على العشب والكلأ على سبيل المجاز ، وهو المراد هنا ، لأنه هو الذى ترعاه الأنعام .والضمير فى قوله - سبحانه - ( ومنه شجر ) يعود على الماء ، باعتباره السبب فى وجود الشجر .قال الآلوسى : قوله - سبحانه - ( ومنه شجر ) أى : نبات مطلقا سواء أكان له ساق أم لا ، كما نقل عن الزجاج ، وهو حقيقة فى الأول ، ومن استعماله فى الثانى قول الراجز :نعلفها اللحم إذا عز الشجر ... والخيل فى إطعامها اللحم ضررفإنه قيل : الشجر فيه بمعنى الكلأ ، لأنه الذى يعلف . . .وقوله : ( تسيمون ) من الإسامة ، بمعنى إطلاق الإِبل وغيرها للسوم ، أى الرعى . يقال : أسام فلان إبله للرعى إسامة ، إذا أخرجها إلى المرعى . وسامت هى تسوم سوما ، إذا رعت حيث شاءت وأصل السوم : الإبعاد فى المرعى .والمعنى : هو - سبحانه - وحده وليس غيره : الذى غمركم بنعمه ، حيث أنزل لكم من السحاب ماء كثيرا ، هذا الماء الكثير المنزل بقدر معلوم ، منه تأخذون ما تشربونه وما تنتفعون فى حوائجكم الأخرى ، وبسببه تخرج المراعى التى ترعون فيها دوابكم .فالآية الكريمة دليل آخر من الأدلة على وحدانية الله - تعالى - وقدرته ، وبديع خلقه ، حيث أنزل - سبحانه - المطر من السماء ، ولو شاء لأمسكه ، أو لأنزله غير صالح للشراب .قال - تعالى - : ( أَفَرَأَيْتُمُ المآء الذي تَشْرَبُونَ أَأَنتُمْ أَنزَلْتُمُوهُ مِنَ المزن أَمْ نَحْنُ المنزلون لَوْ نَشَآءُ جَعَلْنَاهُ أُجَاجاً فَلَوْلاَ تَشْكُرُونَ ) وأتى - سبحانه - بلفظ " فى " المفيدة للظرفية ، فى قوله - تعالى - ( فيه تسيمون ) ؛ للإِشارة إلى أن الرعى فى هذا الشجر ، قد يكون عن طريق أكل الدواب منه ، وقد يكون عن طريق أكل ما تحته من الأعشاب .
يقول تعالى ذكره: والذي أنعم عليكم هذه النعم ، وخلق لكم الأنعام والخيل وسائر البهائم لمنافعكم ومصالحكم، هو الربّ الذي أنـزل من السماء ماء، يعني: مطرا لكم من ذلك الماء ، شراب تشربونه ، ومنه شراب أشجاركم ، وحياة غروسكم ونباتها( فِيهِ تُسِيمُونَ ) يقول: في الشجر الذي ينبت من الماء الذي أنـزل من السماء تسيمون، ترعون، يقال منه: أسام فلان إبله يسيمها إسامة ، إذا أرعاها، وسومها أيضا يسومها، وسامت هي: إذ رعت، فهي تسوم، وهي إبل سائمة ومن ذلك قيل للمواشي المطلقة في الفلاة وغيرها للرعي، سائمة. وقد وجَّه بعضهم معنى السوم في البيع إلى أنه من هذا، وأنه ذهاب كلّ واحد من المتبايعين فيما ينبغي له من زيادة ثمن ونقصانه، كما تذهب سوائم المواشي حيث شاءت من مراعيها ، ومنه قول الأعشى:وَمَشَـى القَـوْمُ بالعمـادِ إلـى المَـرْعَـى وأعْيـا المُسِـيمَ أيْـنَ المَسـاقُ (4)وبنحو الذي قلنا في ذلك ، قال أهل التأويل.* ذكر من قال ذلك:حدثنا ابن وكيع، قال: ثنا أبي، عن النضْر بن عربي، عن عكرمة ( وَمِنْهُ شَجَرٌ فِيهِ تُسِيمُونَ ) قال: ترعون.حدثنا أحمد بن سهيل الواسطي، قال: ثنا قرة بن عيسى، عن النضر بن عربي، عن عكرمة، في قوله ( فِيهِ تُسِيمُونَ ) قال: ترعون.حدثنا ابن وكيع، قال: ثنا أبي، عن سفيان، عن خصيف، عن عكرمة، عن ابن عباس، قال: ترعون.حدثني بن داود، قال: ثنا أبو صالح، قال: ثني معاوية، عن عليّ، عن ابن عباس، مثله.حدثني محمد بن سعد، قال: ثني أبي، قال: ثني عمي، قال: ثني أبي، عن أبيه، عن ابن عباس، قوله ( وَمِنْهُ شَجَرٌ فِيهِ تُسِيمُونَ ) يقول: شجر يرعون فيه أنعامهم وشاءهم.حدثنا القاسم، قال: ثنا الحسين، قال: ثني حجاج، عن ابن جريج، قال: قال ابن عباس ( فِيهِ تُسِيمُونَ ) قال: ترعون.حدثنا ابن وكيع، قال: ثنا أبو معاوية وأبو خالد، عن جويبر، عن الضحاك: فيه ترعون.حُدثت عن الحسين، قال: سمعت أبا معاذ يقول: ثنا عبيد، عن الضحاك، في قوله ( تُسِيمُونَ ) يقول: ترعون أنعامكم.حدثنا ابن وكيع، قال: ثنا أبي، عن طلحة بن أبي طلحة القناد، قال: سمعت عبد الله بن عبد الرحمن بن أبزى، قال: فيه ترعون.حدثنا بشر، قال: ثنا يزيد، قال: ثنا سعيد، عن قتادة، قوله ( شَجَرٌ فِيهِ تُسِيمُونَ ) يقول: ترعون.حدثنا محمد بن عبد الأعلى، قال: ثنا محمد بن ثور، عن معمر، عن قتادة، قال: ترعون.حدثنا محمد بن سنان، قال: ثنا سليمان، قال: ثنا أبو هلال، عن قتادة في قول الله ( شَجَرٌ فِيهِ تُسِيمُونَ ) قال: تَرْعون.حدثني يونس، قال: أخبرنا ابن وهب، قال: قال ابن زيد، في قوله ( وَمِنْهُ شَجَرٌ فِيهِ تُسِيمُونَ ) قال: تَرْعون. قال: الإسامة: الرّعية.وقال الشاعر:مثــلَ ابـنِ بَزْعَـةَ أو كـآخَرَ مِثْلِـهِأوْلــى لَـكَ ابـنَ مُسِـيمةِ الأجْمـالِ (5)قال: يا ابن راعية الأجمال.------------------------الهوامش:(4) البيت للأعشى بن ثعلبة : ميمون بن قيس ( ديوانه طبع القاهرة بشرح الدكتور محمد حسين ص 213 ) من قصيدة له قالها بنجران يتشوق إلى قومه مفتخرًا بهم . والرواية فيه " إلى الرزحى " بدل " إلى المرعى " يقول : هزل الإبل الجوع ، فسقطت على الأرض من الإعياء ، ومشى الناس إليها ، يضعون الأعمدة تحت بطونها ، ليعينوها على الوقوف . وأعيا الراعي أن يجد المراعي لاستحكام الجدب . والرزحى : الإبل ، تهزل ، فلا تستطيع المشي ، فتسقط ، وهي جمع رازح يضعون العماد تحت بطونها ، ثم يرفعونها والميم : اسم فاعل من آسام الماشية : أرعاها في المرعى . وقال أبو عبيدة ، في مجاز القرآن : ( 1 : 357 ) يقال : أسمت إبلي ، وسامت هي : أي رعيتها .(5) البيت تقدم الاستشهاد به في الجزء الثالث من هذا التفسير ( ص 204 ) فارجع إلى شرحنا له في ذلك الموضع وهو هنا شاهد على أن معنى " تسيمون " : ترعون : أي تخرجونها إلى المرعى.
قوله عز وجل : ( هو الذي أنزل من السماء ماء لكم منه شراب ) تشربونه ، ( ومنه شجر ) أي من ذلك الماء شرب أشجاركم ، وحياة نباتكم ، ( فيه ) يعني : في الشجر ، ( تسيمون ) ترعون مواشيكم .
استئناف لذكر دليل آخر من مظاهر بديع خلق الله تعالى أدمج فيه امتنان بما يأتي به ذلك الماء العجيب من المنافع للناس من نعمة الشراب ونعمة الطعام للحيوان الذي به قوام حياة الناس وللناس أنفسهم .وصيغة تعريف المسند إليه والمسند أفادت الحصر ، أي هُوَ لا غيرُه . وهذا قصر على خلاف مقتضى الظاهر ، لأن المخاطبين لا ينكرون ذلك ولا يدّعون له شريكاً في ذلك ، ولكنهم لما عَبدوا أصناماً لم تنعم عليهم بذلك كان حالهم كحال من يدّعي أن الأصنام أنعمت عليهم بهذه النّعم ، فنزلوا منزلة من يدّعي الشركة لله في الخلق ، فكان القصر قصر إفراد تخريجاً للكلام على خلاف مقتضى الظاهر .وإنزال الماء من السماء تقدم معناه عند قوله تعالى : { وأنزل من السماء ماء فأخرج به من الثمرات رزقاً لكم } في سورة البقرة ( 22 ).وذكرَ في الماء منّتين : الشّراب منه ، والإنبات للشجر والزّرع .وجملة { لكم منه شراب } صفة ل { ماء } ، و { لكم } متعلق ب { شراب } قدم عليه للاهتمام ، و { منه } خبر مقدم كذلك ، وتقديمه سوّغ أن يكون المبتدأ نكرة .والشراب : اسم للمشروب ، وهو المائع الذي تشتفّه الشفتان وتُبلغه إلى الحلق فيبلعَ دون مضغ .و ( من ) تبعيضية . وقوله تعالى : { ومنه شجر } نظير قوله : { منه شراب }. وأعيد حرف ( من ) بعد واو العطف لأن حرف ( من ) هنا للابتداء ، أو للسببية فلا يحسن عطف { شجر } على { شراب }.والشجرَ : يطلق على النبات ذي الساق الصُلبة ، ويطلق على مطلق العُشب والكلأ تغليباً .وروعي هذا التغليب هنا لأنه غالب مرعى أنعام أهل الحجاز لقلة الكلأ في أرضهم ، فهم يرعون الشعاري والغابات . وفي حديث « ضالة الإبل تَشرب الماء وتَرعى الشجر حتى يأتيا ربّها » . ومن الدقائق البلاغية الإتيان بحرف ( في ) الظرفية ، فالإسامة فيه تكون بالأكل منه والأكل مما تحته من العشب .والإسامة : إطلاق الإبل للسّوْم وهو الرعي . يقال : سامت الماشية فهي سائمة وأسامها ربّها .
تفسير الآيتين 10 و11:ـ بذلك على كمال قدرة الله الذي أنزل هذا الماء من السحاب الرقيق اللطيف ورحمته حيث جعل فيه ماء غزيرا منه يشربون وتشرب مواشيهم ويسقون منه حروثهم فتخرج لهم الثمرات الكثيرة والنعم الغزيرة.
قوله تعالى : هو الذي أنزل من السماء ماء لكم منه شراب ومنه شجر فيه تسيمون الشراب ما يشرب ، والشجر معروف . أي ينبت من الأمطار أشجارا وعروشا ونباتا . [ ص: 76 ] وتسيمون ترعون إبلكم ; يقال : سامت السائمة تسوم سوما أي رعت ، فهي سائمة . والسوام والسائم بمعنى ، وهو المال الراعي . وجمع السائم والسائمة سوائم . وأسمتها أنا أي أخرجتها إلى الرعي ، فأنا مسيم وهي مسامة وسائمة . قال :أولى لك ابن مسيمة الأجمالوأصل السوم الإبعاد في المرعى . وقال الزجاج : أخذ من السومة وهي العلامة ; أي أنها تؤثر في الأرض علامات برعيها ، أو لأنها تعلم للإرسال في المرعى .قلت : والخيل المسومة تكون المرعية . وتكون المعلمة . وقوله : مسومين قال الأخفش تكون معلمين وتكون مرسلين ; من قولك : سوم فيها الخيل أي أرسلها ، ومنه السائمة ، وإنما جاء بالياء والنون لأن الخيل سومت وعليها ركبانها .
The clouds send down rain from the sky and, thanks to this, extremely fruitful results appear on the earth down below. This coordinated and harmonious action of ‘heaven and earth’ clearly proves that the God of earth is the same as that of heaven. There is perfect harmony among the different parts of the universe. This harmony is definite proof of the fact that the Creator and Lord of the whole universe is only one. In the present structure of the universe, there is no scope for more than one God, and when the real Creator and Lord is one God, making any thing other than Him an object of worship will be absolutely indefensible.
Commentary
The word: شَجَر (shajar) in verse 10: مِنْهُ شَجَرٌ فِيهِ تُسِيمُونَ (from which [ you grow ] plants, on which you pasture cattle) is mostly applied to a tree which stands on a trunk. Sometimes, it is also applied, in an absolute sense, to everything which grows on land. Included therein are grass on stems or tendrils. This is the sense meant in this verse, because the pasturing of cattle has been mentioned immediately after which is mostly related to grass.
The last word: (tusimun) is a derivation from isamah which means to leave cattle to graze freely in a pasture.
(He it is Who sendeth down water) rain (from the sky, whence ye have drink) from the rain which remains in springs and rivers, (and whence are trees) and by means of which tress and vegetation grow (on which ye send your beasts to pasture) on which your cattle are sent to pasture.