The Moon — Verse 41

And verily there came to Pharaoh’s folk his people together with him the warnings the warning by the tongue of Moses and Aaron but they did not believe.

ولقد جاء أتباعَ فرعون وقومَه إنذارُنا بالعقوبة لهم على كفرهم.

وأيدهما بمعجزات عظيمة وآيات متعددة فكذبوا بها كلها فأخذهم الله أخذ عزيز مقتدر أي فأبادهم الله ولم يبق منهم مخبر ولا عين ولا أثر.

ثم ختم - سبحانه - السورة الكريمة ، ببيان ما حل بفرعون وقومه ، وبتحذير مشركى قريش من سوء عاقبة كفرهم ، وببيان ما أعد لهم من عذاب يوم القيامة ، وبتبشير المتقين بحسن العاقبة فقال - تعالى - : ( وَلَقَدْ جَآءَ آلَ فِرْعَوْنَ . . . ) .قصة فرعون وملئه مع موسى - عليه السلام - قد تكررت فى سور متعددة ، منها سور : الأعراف ، ويونس ، وهود ، وطه ، والشعراء ، والقصص .وهنا جاء الحديث عن فرعون وملئه فى آيتين ، بين - سبحانه - ما حل بهم من عذاب ، بسبب تكذيبهم لآيات الله - تعالى - ، فقال - سبحانه - : ( وَلَقَدْ جَآءَ آلَ فِرْعَوْنَ النذر ) .والمراد بآل فرعون : أقرباؤه وحاشيته وأتباعه الذين كانوا يؤيدونه ويناصرونه .والنذر " جمع نذير ، اسم مصدر بمعنى الإنذار ، وجىء به بصيغة الجمع ، لكثرة الإنذارات التى وجهها موسى - عليه السلام - إليهم .أى : والله لقد جاء إلى فرعون وآله ، الكثير من الانذارات والتهديدات على لسان نبينا موسى - عليه السلام - ولكنهم لم يستجيبوا له . .

القول في تأويل قوله تعالى : وَلَقَدْ جَاءَ آلَ فِرْعَوْنَ النُّذُرُ (41)يقول تعالى ذكره: ولقد جاء أتباع فرعون وقومه إنذارنا بالعقوبة بكفرهم بنا وبرسولنا موسى .

( ولقد جاء آل فرعون النذر ) يعني : موسى وهارون عليهما السلام ، وقيل : هي الآيات التي أنذرهم بها موسى .

وَلَقَدْ جَاءَ آَلَ فِرْعَوْنَ النُّذُرُ (41(لما كانت عدوة موسى عليه السلام غير موجهة إلى أمة القبط ، وغيرَ مراد منها التشريع لهم . ولكنها موجهة إلى فرعون وأهل دولته الذين بأيديهم تسيير أمور المملكة الفرعونية ، ليسمحوا بإطلاق بني إسرائيل من الاستعباد ، ويمكنوهم من الخروج مع موسى خص بالنذر هنا آل فرعون ، أي فرعون وآله لأنه يصدر عن رأيهم ، ألا ترى أن فرعون لم يستأثر بردّ دعوة موسى بل قال لمن حوله : { ألا تستمعون } [ الشعراء : 25 ] وقال : { فماذا تأمرون } [ الشعراء : 35 ] وقالوا : { أرْجِهِ وأخاه } [ الشعراء : 36 ] الآية ، ولذلك لم يكن أسلوب الإخبار عن فرعون ومن معه مماثلاً لأسلوب الإخبار عن قوم نوح وعاد وثمود وقوم لوط إذ صدر الإِخبار عن أولئك بجملة { كذبت } [ القمر : 18 ] ، وخولف في الإِخبار عن فرعون فصدر بجملة { ولقد جاء آل فرعون النذر } وإن كان مآل هذه الأخبار الخمسة متماثلاً .والآل : القرابَة ، ويطلق مجازاً على من له شدة اتصال بالشخص كما في قوله تعالى : { أدخلوا آل فرعون أشد العذاب } [ غافر : 46 ] . وكان الملوك الأقدمون ينوطون وزارتهم ومشاورتهم بقرابتهم لأنهم يأمنون كيدهم .والنُذر : جمع نذير : اسم مصدر بمعنى الإِنذار . ووجه جمعه أن موسى كرر إنذارهم .والقول في تأكيد الخبر بالقَسَم كالقول في نظائره المتقدمة .وإسناد التكذيب إليهم بناء على ظاهر حالهم وإلا فقد آمن منهم رجل واحد كما في سورة غافر .

أي: { وَلَقَدْ جَاءَ آلَ فِرْعَوْنَ } أي: فرعون وقومه { النُّذُرُ } فأرسل الله إليهم موسى الكليم، وأيده بالآيات الباهرات، والمعجزات القاهرات

قوله تعالى : ولقد جاء آل فرعون النذر يعني القبط والنذر موسى وهارون . وقد يطلق لفظ الجمع على الاثنين .

Pharaoh was a very powerful ruler of his time, but on rejecting the truth he became valueless in the eyes of God. Thereafter, he was killed like any other helpless man. In this world, a man standing out against the Truth renders himself weak.

Lexicological Analysis The word سُعُر su'ur has appeared twice in this Surah. First it has appeared in verse 24 in connection with the people of Thamud where it is their own word, and means 'madness or insanity'. The second time, the word appears in connection with the punishment of the sinners where it is the word of Allah in the forthcoming verse [ 47] فِي ضَلَالٍ وَسُعُرٍ‌. Here the word سُعُر su'ur may also be taken in the sense of Hell-Fire. According to lexicologists, the word su'ur is used in both these senses. رَ‌اوَدُوهُ عَن ضَيْفِهِ (And they had even tried to tempt him against his guests...54:37). The word murawadah signifies to entice someone to satisfy one's lust. This verse refers to the night when the angels came to Prophet Lut (علیہ السلام) in the shape of handsome young men, as a test from Allah for his people who were addicted to homosexuality. Prophet Lut (علیہ السلام) hosted his guests. The licentious people came to him from every direction, and the Prophet Lut (علیہ السلام) had to shut the door to protect his guests. They came during the night and tried to break the door down and scale the walls to come in. The immoral behaviour of his people distressed Prophet Lut (علیہ السلام) but when the guests revealed to him that they were angels and have been sent by Allah to inflict destructive punishment on his people, he felt comforted; they assured him that they will not be able to hurt them in any way. Surah Al-Qamar started on the note that Doomsday is fast approaching, so that the infidels and pagans, who have lust and greed for this world and are unaware of the Hereafter, come to their senses. First, the punishment of the Hereafter is mentioned. Then the evil consequences of their misdeeds in the present life are cited. Reference is made to the conditions of world-famous nations, their opposition to their respective prophets and its evil consequences. The people of Lut (علیہ السلام) were the first people who were destroyed by Divine punishment. Many different kinds of devastating torments were inflicted on the people of Lut (علیہ السلام) ، the tribes of ` Ad, Thamud and Lut (علیہ السلام) and the people of Fir'aun in this world. Their stories and histories are recounted in detail on several occasions in the Qur'an. Here they have been condensed. All these five nations were the strongest and resourceful. It was not possible for any of the subdued nations to overcome any of these superpowers. The current set of verses show how the superpowers were destroyed by Divine punishment. After describing the punishment of each nation, the Qur'an repeats the following statement as a refrain: فَكَيْفَ كَانَ عَذَابِي وَنُذُرِ‌ (How then was My torment and My warnings?). That is, when the Divine chastisement overtook these nations who were very powerful in terms of might, wealth and number were killed like flies and mosquitoes. In addition, the following verse is repeated to advise the Muslims and the infidels in general: وَلَقَدْ يَسَّرْ‌نَا الْقُرْ‌آنَ لِلذِّكْرِ‌ فَهَلْ مِن مُّدَّكِرٍ‌ (and indeed We have made the Qur'an easy for seeking advice. So, is there one to seek advice?) This is to indicate that the only way to avoid the terrible chastisement is to take to the advice of the Qur'an. Allah has made the Qur'an easy to the extent of paying heed to the admonition and warnings. Only the most ill-fated person will not take advantage of the warnings. The forthcoming verses address the people of the time of the Prophet Muhammad ﷺ that they are not more powerful in terms of wealth, number and might than the people of Prophet Lut (علیہ السلام) the tribes of ` Ad and Thamud, Prophet Lut’ s علیہ السلام people and the people of Fir'aun. Then how are they sitting in a careless manner?

(And warnings came in truth unto the house of Pharaoh) Moses and Aaron went to Pharaoh and his folk

The Story of Fir`awn and His People Allah the Exalted narrates to us the story of Fir`awn and his people. A Messenger came to them from Allah, Musa supported by his brother Harun. Their Messengers delivered good news if they believe, and a warning if they rejected the Message. Allah supported Musa and Harun with tremendous miracles and great signs, but Fir`awn and his people rejected all of them. Allah took them the way the All-Mighty, the All-Capable would; He destroyed them all leaving none surviving to tell the story of what happened to them. Advising and Threatening the Quraysh Allah said, أَكُفَّـرُكُمْ (Are your disbelievers) meaning, `O idolators of the Quraysh,' خَيْرٌ مِّنْ أُوْلَـئِكُمْ (better than these) meaning better than the nations that were mentioned here, who were destroyed on account of their disbelief in the Messengers and rejecting the Scriptures. `Are you better than these' أَمْ لَكُم بَرَآءَةٌ فِى الزُّبُرِ (Or have you immunity in the Divine Scriptures), `do you have immunity from Allah that the torment and punishment will not touch you' Allah said about the Quraysh, أَمْ يَقُولُونَ نَحْنُ جَمِيعٌ مُّنتَصِرٌ (Or say they: "We are a great multitude, victorious") stating that they believed they will support each other and their great gathering will avail them against those who intend to harm them. Allah the Exalted responded, سَيُهْزَمُ الْجَمْعُ وَيُوَلُّونَ الدُّبُرَ (Their multitude will be put to flight, and they will show their backs.) affirming that their gathering shall scatter, and they shall be defeated. Al-Bukhari recorded that Ibn `Abbas said, "The Prophet , while in a dome-shaped tent on the day of the battle of Badr, said, «أَنْشُدُكَ عَهْدَكَ وَوَعْدَكَ، اللْهُمَّ إِنْ شِئْتَ لَمْ تُعْبَدْ بَعْدَ الْيَوْمِ فِي الْأَرْضِ أَبَدًا» (O Allah! I ask you for the fulfillment of Your covenant and promise. O Allah! If You wish (to destroy the believers), You will never be worshipped on the earth after today.) Abu Bakr caught him by the hand and said, `This is sufficient, O Allah's Messenger! You have sufficiently asked and petitioned Allah.' The Prophet was clad in his armor at that time and went out, saying, سَيُهْزَمُ الْجَمْعُ وَيُوَلُّونَ الدُّبُرَ - بَلِ السَّاعَةُ مَوْعِدُهُمْ وَالسَّاعَةُ أَدْهَى وَأَمَرُّ (Their multitude will be put to flight and they will show their backs. Nay, but the Hour is their appointed time and that Hour will be more grievous and more bitter.)" Al-Bukhari also recorded that Yusuf bin Mahak said, "I was with the Mother of the faithful, `A'ishah, when she said, `When I was still a young playful girl in Makkah, this Ayah was revealed to Muhammad ﷺ, بَلِ السَّاعَةُ مَوْعِدُهُمْ وَالسَّاعَةُ أَدْهَى وَأَمَرُّ (Nay, but the Hour is their appointed time and that Hour will be more grievous and more bitter.)" This is the abridged narration that Al-Bukhari collected, but he also collected a longer narration of it in the Book of the Virtues of the Qur'an. Muslim did not collect this Hadith. إِنَّ الْمُجْرِمِينَ فِى ضَلَـلٍ وَسُعُرٍ - يَوْمَ يُسْحَبُونَ فِى النَّارِ عَلَى وُجُوهِهِمْ ذُوقُواْ مَسَّ سَقَرَ