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وَبُسَّتِ ٱلۡجِبَالُ بَسࣰّا ۝٥
wabussati l-jibālu bassa
The Event, The Inevitable, That Which is Coming / al-Waqi`ah (56:5)
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Abdel Haleem

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and the mountains are ground to powde
wabussati l-jibālu bassa

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Tafsir Commentary

and the mountains are pulverised to tiny pieces
إذا حُرِّكت الأرض تحريكًا شديدًا، وفُتِّتت الجبال تفتيتًا دقيقًا، فصارت غبارًا متطايرًا في الجو قد ذَرَتْه الريح.
أي فتتت فتا قاله ابن عباس ومجاهد وعكرمة وقتادة وغيرهم وقال ابن زيد صارت الجبال كما قال الله تعالى "كثيبا مهيلا".
وقوله ( وَبُسَّتِ ) من البس بمعنى التفتيت والتكسر الدقيق ، ومنه قولهم : بس فلان السويق ، إذا فتته ولته وهيأه للأكل .أى : إذا رجت الأرض وزلزت زلزالا شديدا ، وفتتت الجبال تفتيتا حتى صارت كالسويق الملتوت . . . .
وقوله: ( وَبُسَّتِ الْجِبَالُ بَسًّا ) يقول تعالى ذكره: فتتت الجبال فتا، فصارت كالدقيق المبسوس، وهو المبلول، كما قال جلّ ثناؤه: وَكَانَتِ الْجِبَالُ كَثِيبًا مَهِيلا والبسيسة عند العرب: الدقيق والسويق تلتّ وتتخذ زادا.وذُكر عن لصّ من غطفان أنه أراد أن يخبز، فخاف أن يعجل عن الخبز قبل الدقيق وأكله عجينا، وقال:لا تَخْــبِزَا خَــبْزًا وبُسَّــا بَسَّــامَلْســـا بِــذَوْدِ الحَلَسِــيّ مَلْســا (2)وبنحو الذي قلنا في ذلك قال أهل التأويل.* ذكر من قال ذلك:حدثني عليّ، قال: ثنا أبو صالح، قال: ثني معاوية، عن عليّ، عن ابن عباس، قوله: ( وَبُسَّتِ الْجِبَالُ بَسًّا ) يقول: فتتت فتا.حدثني الحارث، قال: ثنا الحسن، قال: ثنا ورقاء، عن ابن أبي نجيح، عن مجاهد، قوله: ( وَبُسَّتِ الْجِبَالُ بَسًّا ) قال: فتتت.حدثنا ابن بشار، قال: ثنا عبد الرحمن، قال: ثنا سفيان، عن منصور، عن مجاهد، في قوله: ( وَبُسَّتِ الْجِبَالُ بَسًّا ) قال: كما يبس السويق.حدثني أحمد بن عمرو البصري، قال: ثنا حفص بن عمر العدني، عن الحكم بن أبان، عن عكرِمة ( وَبُسَّتِ الْجِبَالُ بَسًّا ) قال: فُتَّتْ فتا.حدثني إسماعيل بن موسى ابن بنت السديّ، قال: أخبرنا بشر بن الحكم الأحمسيّ، عن سعيد بن الصلت، عن إسماعيل السديّ وأبي صالح ( وَبُسَّتِ الْجِبَالُ بَسًّا ) قال: فُتِّتت فتا.حدثنا ابن حُميد، قال: ثنا مهران، عن سفيان، عن منصور، عن مجاهد ( وَبُسَّتِ الْجِبَالُ بَسًّا ) قال: كما يبس السويق.حدثني يونس، قال: أخبرنا ابن وهب، قال، قال ابن زيد، في قول الله: ( وَبُسَّتِ الْجِبَالُ بَسًّا ) قال: صارت كثيبا مهيلا كما قال الله.حدثنا ابن حُميَد، قال: ثنا جرير، عن منصور، عن مجاهد، في قوله: ( وَبُسَّتِ الْجِبَالُ بَسًّا ) قال: فُتتت فتا.------------------------الهوامش:(2) هذا الشاهد من شواهد أبي عبيدة في مجاز القرآن ( الورقة 174 - ب ) عند قوله تعالى : ( وبست الجبال بسا ) قال : مجازها كمجاز السويق المبسوس، أي المبلول والعجين . قال لص من غطفان وأراد أن يخبز، فخاف أن يعجل عن الخبز قبل الدقيق، فأكله عجينا، فقال: " لا تخبزا خبزا وبسا بسا ". ا هـ . وفي ( اللسان : ملس ) : والملس: السوق الشديد. وفي بس: وقال ثعلب : معنى: وبست الجبال بسا : خلطت بالتراب . وقال بعضهم :فتت، وقال بعضهم: سويت . ا هـ. ولم يورد أبو عبيدة البيت الثاني وأنشد صاحب اللسان البيت الأول، وجاء بعده ببيت آخر، وهو: * ولا تطيــلا بمنــاخ حيســا *وأنشد في "ملس" البيت الثاني قال: والملس : السوق الشديد . يقال ملست بالإِبل أملس ( من باب قتل ) ملسا: إذا سقتها سوقا في خفية، قال الراجز : * ملســا يـذود الحلسـي ملسـا *وقال ابن الأعرابي الملس : ضرب من السير الرقيق . والملس : اللين من كل شيء . ا هـ.وأنشده الفراء في معاني القرآن البيتين كرواية المؤلف. وقال ( الورقة 322 ): " وبست الجبال بسا " : صارت كالدقيق،وذلك قوله " وسيرت الجبال " . وسمعت العرب تنشد : "لا تخبزا خبزا ... البيتين " . والبسيسة عندهم : الدقيق أو السويق، يليت ويتخذ زادا . ا هـ. وفي النوادر لأبي زيد ( بيروت 11 ) :مَلْســا بِــذَوْدِ الحُمَسِــيَّ مَلْســامِــنْ غَنْـوَةٍ حـتى كَـانَّ الشَّمْسـا*بالأُفُقِ الغَــرْبِيّ تُطْـلَى وَرْسَـا *قال أبو زيد : الملس : السير الشديد . قال أبو حاتم : وأقول أنا لا عن أبي زيد: الملس السير السريع السهل . وقوله " تطلى ورسا قد اصفرت للغروب " . ا هـ .
( وبست الجبال بسا ) [ قال عطاء ومقاتل ومجاهد ] فتت فتا فصارت كالدقيق المبسوس وهو المبلول . قال سعيد بن المسيب والسدي : كسرت كسرا . وقال الكلبي : سيرت على وجه الأرض تسييرا . قال الحسن : قلعت من أصلها فذهبت ، نظيرها : " فقل ينسفها ربي نسفا " ( طه - 105 ) . قال ابن كيسان : جعلت كثيبا مهيلا بعد أن كانت شامخة طويلة .
وَبُسَّتِ الْجِبَالُ بَسًّا (5({ واختير هذا المطاوع لمناسبته مع قوله : وبست الجبال } في أن المبني للنائب معناه كالمطاوعة
{ وَبُسَّتِ الْجِبَالُ بَسًّا } أي: فتتت.
قوله تعالى : وبست الجبال بسا أي فتتت ، عن ابن عباس . مجاهد : كما يبس الدقيق أي يلت . والبسيسة السويق أو الدقيق يلت بالسمن أو بالزيت ثم يؤكل ولا يطبخ وقد يتخذ زادا . قال الراجز :لا تخبزا خبزا وبسا بسا ولا تطيلا بمناخ حبساوذكر أبو عبيدة : أنه لص من غطفان أراد أن يخبز فخاف أن يعجل عن ذلك فأكله [ ص: 179 ] عجينا . والمعنى أنها خلطت فصارت كالدقيق الملتوت بشيء من الماء . أي تصير الجبال ترابا فيختلط البعض بالبعض . وقال الحسن : و " بست " قلعت من أصلها فذهبت ، نظيره : ينسفها ربي نسفا . وقال عطية : بسطت كالرمل والتراب . وقيل : البس : السوق أي سيقت الجبال . قال أبو زيد : البس : السوق ، وقد بسست الإبل أبسها بالضم بسا . وقال أبو عبيد : بسست الإبل وأبسست - لغتان - إذا زجرتها وقلت لها : بس بس . وفي الحديث : يخرج قوم من المدينة إلى اليمن والشام والعراق يبسون والمدينة خير لهم لو كانوا يعلمون ومنه الحديث الآخر : جاءكم أهل اليمن يبسون عيالهم والعرب تقول : جيء به من حسك وبسك . ورواهما أبو زيد بالكسر ، فمعنى من حسك من حيث أحسسته ، وبسك من حيث بلغه مسيرك . وقال مجاهد : سالت سيلا . عكرمة : هدت هدا . محمد بن كعب : سيرت سيرا ، ومنه قول الأغلب العجلي : وقال الحسن : قطعت قطعا . والمعنى متقارب .
In the present world, man observes that he is free to do whatever he likes. So the question of retribution in the Hereafter makes no impact on his mind. But the formation of the ‘other world’ is just as possible as the formation of the present world. When that time comes, the whole system will be reversed. Those who were higher in position will go down and those who were lower in position will be elevated. At that time human beings will be divided into three groups, the forward group (as-sabiqun), the people of the Right (ashab al-yamin) and the people of the Left (ashab ash-shimal).
خَافِضَةٌ رَّ‌افِعَةٌ (It will be abasing [ some ], exalting [ others ]...56:3). The verse means that the 'Inevitable Event' referred to in the previous verse will bring about a great revolution in the lives of men, as is witnessed at the time of revolution of governments. The high and the mighty will be laid low and the despised and down-trodden will be exalted; the poor become rich and the rich become poor. This is how Sayyidna Ibn ` Abbas ؓ interprets this statement. The purpose is to depict the horrors of the Day of Resurrection.
(And the hills are ground to powder) and it is also said: and the hills are made to move like the passing of the clouds; and it is also said that this means: when the hills are uprooted from their spots.
Which was revealed in Makkah The Virtues of Surat Al-Waqi`ah Abu Ishaq reported from `Ikrimah from Ibn `Abbas that Abu Bakr said, "O Allah's Messenger! You are becoming gray" The Messenger ﷺ replied, «شَيَّبَتْنِي هُودٌ وَالْوَاقِعَةُ وَالْمُرْسَلَاتُ وَعَمَّ يَتَسَاءَلُونَ وَإِذَا الشَّمْسُ كُوِّرَت» (Hud (chapter 11), Al-Waqi`ah (56), Al-Mursalat (77), `Amma Yatasa'alun (78) and Idha Ash-Shamsu Kuwwirat (81) have made me gray.) At-Tirmidhi collected this Hadith and said, "Hasan Gharib." بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَـنِ الرَّحِيمِ In the Name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. The Horrors of the Day of Resurrection Al-Waqi`ah (the occurrence), is one of the names of the Day of Resurrection, because that Day is real and will surely come. Allah the Exalted said in other Ayat, فَيَوْمَئِذٍ وَقَعَتِ الْوَاقِعَةُ (Then on that Day shall the Waqi`ah occur.)( 69:15) Allah the Exalted said, لَيْسَ لِوَقْعَتِهَا كَاذِبَةٌ (There is not, for its occurrence, Kadhibah.) means, when He commands the Day of Resurrection to begin, none can stop it from happening or prevent it from beginning, اسْتَجِيبُواْ لِرَبِّكُمْ مِّن قَبْلِ أَن يَأْتِىَ يَوْمٌ لاَّ مَرَدَّ لَهُ مِنَ اللَّهِ (Answer the call of your Lord before there comes from Allah a Day which can not be averted.) (42:47), سَأَلَ سَآئِلٌ بِعَذَابٍ وَاقِعٍ - لِّلْكَـفِرِينَ لَيْسَ لَهُ دَافِعٌ (A questioner asked concerning a torment about to occur -- upon the disbelievers, which none can avert.)(70:1-2), وَيَوْمَ يَقُولُ كُن فَيَكُونُ قَوْلُهُ الْحَقُّ وَلَهُ الْمُلْكُ يَوْمَ يُنفَخُ فِى الصُّوَرِ عَـلِمُ الْغَيْبِ وَالشَّهَـدَةِ وَهُوَ الْحَكِيمُ الْخَبِيرُ (And on the Day He will say: "Be!" -- and it is! His Word is the Truth. His will be the dominion on the Day when the Trumpet will be blown. All-Knower of the unseen and the seen. He is the All-Wise, Well Aware.)(6:73) As for the meaning of كَاذِبَةٌ (Kadhibah) Muhammad bin Ka`b said: "It will certainly occur," while Qatadah said, "It shall not be discontinued, taken back or aborted. Allah's statement, خَافِضَةٌ رَّافِعَةٌ (Bringing low, exalting.) indicates that Al-Waqi`ah lowers some people to the lowest parts of the Fire, even if they had been mighty in this life. It also elevates others to the highest grades in the residence of eternal delight, even if they were weak in this life. This was said by Al-Hasan, Qatadah and others. Al-`Awfi reported from Ibn `Abbas: خَافِضَةٌ رَّافِعَةٌ (Bringing low, exalting), "It made the near and the far hear it," while `Ikrimah said, "It lowered, and thus those who were close heard it, and elevated, and thus those in the distance heard it." Ad-Dahhak and Qatadah said similarly. Allah said, إِذَا رُجَّتِ الاٌّرْضُ رَجّاً (When the earth will be shaken with a terrible shake.) meaning, it is shaken and moved violently over all of its surface and through its depths. Ibn `Abbas, Mujahid, Qatadah and others said about Allah's saying:, إِذَا رُجَّتِ الاٌّرْضُ رَجّاً (When the earth will be shaken with a terrible shake.) it means "Violently shaken." Ar-Rabi` bin Anas said, "The earth will be shaken with all that is in it, just as a sifter is shaken with its contents." This is like Allah's saying: إِذَا زُلْزِلَتِ الاٌّرْضُ زِلْزَالَهَا (When the earth is shaken with its earthquake.)(99:1) and, يأَيُّهَا النَّاسُ اتَّقُواْ رَبَّكُمْ إِنَّ زَلْزَلَةَ السَّاعَةِ شَىْءٌ عَظِيمٌ (O mankind! Have Taqwa of your Lord! Verily, the earthquake of the Hour is a terrible thing.)(22:1). Allah said: وَبُسَّتِ الْجِبَالُ بَسّاً (And the mountains will be powdered to dust,) meaning, relentlessly pulverized. This was said by Ibn `Abbas, Mujahid, `Ikrimah and Qatadah and others. Ibn Zayd said: "The mountains will become just like Allah described them, كَثِيباً مَّهِيلاً (A heap of sand poured out.)(73:14)." Allah's saying: فَكَانَتْ هَبَآءً مُّنبَثّاً (So that they will become floating dust particles.) Abu Ishaq narrated from Al-Harith, from `Ali: "It will become like the rising dust storm that soon fades away leaving no trace of itself behind." Al-`Awfi reported from Ibn `Abbas about Allah's saying: فَكَانَتْ هَبَآءً مُّنبَثّاً (So that they will become floating dust particles.) "It describes the rising embers from the fire when it is kindled, but when the embers land, they are extinguished quickly." `Ikrimah said, "The floating dust particles that the wind scatters all around," while Qatadah said, هَبَآءً مُّنبَثّاً (floating particles), "Like the dry parts of trees that the wind scatters all about." This Ayah is similar to several other Ayat that indicate that the mountains will be moved from their places, demolished and blown off their bases, becoming like carded wool on the Day of Resurrection. Three Categories of People on the Day of Resurrection Allah's statement, وَكُنتُمْ أَزْوَاجاً ثَلَـثَةً (And you (all) will be in three groups.) This means that people will be divided into three categories on the Day of Resurrection. Some will on the right of Allah's Throne, and they are those who were brought forth from `Adam's right side. This category will be given their Books of Records in their right hand and will be taken to the right side. As-Suddi explained that they will comprise the majority of the residents of Paradise. Another category is those who will be placed to the left of Allah's Throne, and they are those who were brought forth from `Adam's left side. This category will be given their Books of Records in their left hands and will be taken to the left side. They are the residents of the Fire, may Allah save us from their actions. A third category is comprised of those who are the foremost and nearest before Allah. They are in a better grade and status and nearer to Allah than those on the right side. They are the chiefs of those on the right side, because they include the Messengers, Prophets, true believers and martyrs. They are fewer than those on the right side; so Allah said, فَأَصْحَـبُ الْمَيْمَنَةِ مَآ أَصْحَـبُ الْمَيْمَنَةِ - وَأَصْحَـبُ الْمَشْـَمَةِ مَآ أَصْحَـبُ الْمَشْـَمَةِ - وَالسَّـبِقُونَ السَّـبِقُونَ (So those on the right -- how will be those on the right! And those on the left -- how will be those on the left! And those foremost will be foremost.) Allah divides people into these three groups upon their death, as indicated by the end of this Surah. Allah mentioned them in His statement as well, ثُمَّ أَوْرَثْنَا الْكِتَـبَ الَّذِينَ اصْطَفَيْنَا مِنْ عِبَادِنَا فَمِنْهُمْ ظَـلِمٌ لِّنَفْسِهِ وَمِنْهُمْ مُّقْتَصِدٌ وَمِنْهُمْ سَابِقٌ بِالْخَيْرَتِ بِإِذُنِ اللَّهِ (Then We gave the Book as inheritance to such of Our servants whom We chose. Then of them are some who wrong themselves, and of them are some who follow a middle course, and of them are some who are, by Allah's leave, foremost in good deeds.)(35:32) Muhammad bin Ka`b, Abu Hazrah Ya`qub bin Mujahid said that, وَالسَّـبِقُونَ السَّـبِقُونَ (And those foremost will be foremost.) is about the Prophets, peace be upon them, while As-Suddi said that they are the residents of the utmost highs (Ahl Al-`Illiyyin, in Paradise). The meaning of foremost is that they were foremost in performing the acts of righteousness just as Allah commanded them, وَسَارِعُواْ إِلَى مَغْفِرَةٍ مِّن رَّبِّكُمْ وَجَنَّةٍ عَرْضُهَا السَّمَـوَتُ وَالاٌّرْضُ (And march forth in the way to forgiveness from your Lord, and for Paradise as wide as the heavens and the earth.)(3:133) and, سَابِقُواْ إِلَى مَغْفِرَةٍ مِّن رَّبِّكُمْ وَجَنَّةٍ عَرْضُهَا كَعَرْضِ السَّمَآءِ وَالاٌّرْضِ (Race with one another in hastening towards forgiveness from your Lord, and Paradise the width whereof is as the width of the heaven and the earth.)(57:21) Therefore, those who rush to obey Allah in this life and are foremost in performing acts of righteousness, will be among the foremost believers honored in the Hereafter. Verily, the reward is according to the kind of deed, and as one does, so he is judged. So Allah said: أُوْلَـئِكَ الْمُقَرَّبُونَ فِى جَنَّـتِ النَّعِيمِ (These will be the nearest (to Allah). In the Gardens of Delight.)