The Heights, The Elevated Places — Verse 119
7:119 · al-A`raf
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فَغُلِبُوا۟ هُنَالِكَ وَٱنقَلَبُوا۟ صَـٰغِرِینَ ١١٩
faghulibū hunālika wa-inqalabū ṣāghirīn
The Heights, The Elevated Places / al-A`raf (7:119)
Connections 3 single-source 1 commentator
Multi-source connections
No verses on this ayah are cited by 2 or more commentators using numeric S:A notation. All extracted references come from a single source's commentary.
Single-source mentions (3) cited by only one commentator
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Q 3:163 (al-Imran)
cited by
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Q 10:170 (Yunus)
cited by
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Q 112:96 (al-Ikhlas)
cited by
By commentator who cites how many verses on this ayah
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Tafsir al-Tabari 3 verses
Note: these connections are extracted from numeric S:A references inside the commentary text and are therefore biased toward mufassirun who use that notation. Prose-style references (e.g. "Surat al-Baqarah verse 30") will be added later, which should surface additional multi-source consensus.
they were defeated there and utterly humiliated
faghulibū hunālika wa-inqalabū ṣāghirīn
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Tafsir Commentary
Musa defeats the Magicians, Who believe in Him
Allah states that at that tremendous moment, in which Allah differentiated between Truth and Falsehood, He sent a revelation to His servant and Messenger Musa, peace be upon him, ordering him to throw the stick that he held in his right hand,
فَإِذَا هِىَ تَلْقَفُ
(It swallowed straight away) and devoured,
مَا يَأْفِكُونَ
(all the falsehood which they showed.) the magic that they caused the illusion with, of magic with which they caused making it appear real, whereas it was not real at all. Ibn `Abbas said that Musa's stick swallowed all the ropes and sticks that the magicians threw. The magicians realized that this was from heaven and was by no means magic. They fell in prostration and proclaimed,
قَالُواْ ءَامَنَّا بِرَبِّ الْعَـلَمِينَ - رَبِّ مُوسَى وَهَـرُونَ
("We believe in the Lord of all that exists. The Lord of Musa and Harun ). Muhammad bin Ishaq commented, "It followed the ropes and sticks one after another, until nothing that the sorcerers threw remained. Musa then held it in his hand, and it became a stick again just as it was before. The magicians fell in prostration and proclaimed, `We believe in the Lord of all that exists, the Lord of Musa and Harun. Had Musa been a magician, he would not have prevailed over us. "' Al-Qasim bin Abi Bazzah commented, "Allah revealed to Musa to throw his stick. When he threw his stick, it became a huge, manifest snake that opened its mouth and swallowed the magicians' ropes and sticks. On that, the magicians fell in prostration. They did not raise their heads before seeing the Paradise, the Fire, and the recompense of their inhabitants."
Thus were they that is Pharaoh and his folk there defeated becoming humiliated — they ended up abased.
فغُلِبَ جميع السحرة في مكان اجتماعهم، وانصرف فرعون وقومه أذلاء مقهورين مغلوبين.
يخبر تعالى أنه أوحى إلى عبده ورسوله موسى عليه السلام في ذلك الموقف العظيم الذي فرق الله تعالى فيه بين الحق والباطل يأمره بأن يلقي ما في يمينه وهي عصاه "فإذا هي تلقف" أي تأكل "ما يأفكون" أي ما يلقونه ويوهمون أنه حق وهو باطل قال ابن عباس فجعلت لا تمر بشيء من حبالهم ولا من خشبهم إلا التقمته فعرفت السحرة أن هذا شيء من السماء ليس هذا بسحر فخروا سجدا وقالوا "آمنا برب العالمين رب موسى وهارون" وقال محمد بن إسحاق جعلت تتبع تلك الحبال والعصي واحدة واحدة حتى ما يرى بالوادي قليل ولا كثير مما ألقوا ثم أخذها موسى فإذا هي عصا في يده كما كانت ووقع السحرة سجدا "قالوا آمنا برب العالمين رب موسى وهارون" لو كان هذا ساحرا ما غلبنا وقال القاسم بن أبي برة: أوحى الله إليه أن ألق عصاك فألقى عصاه فإذا هي ثعبان مبين فاغر فاه يبتلع حبالهم وعصيهم فألقى السحرة عند ذلك سجدا فما رفعوا رءوسهم حتى رأوا الجنة والنار وثواب أهلهما.
ثم يحكى لنا القرآن بعد ذلك موقف السحرة بعد أن رأوا بأعينهم أن ما فعله موسى - عليه السلام - ليس من قبيل السحر فقال : ( فَغُلِبُواْ هُنَالِكَ وانقلبوا صَاغِرِينَ وَأُلْقِيَ السحرة سَاجِدِينَ ) أى : خبروا سجدا ، كأنما - كما قال الزمخشرى - قد القاهم ملق لشدة خرورهم أو لم يتمالكوا أنفسهم مما رأوا فكأنهم ألقوا .
القول في تأويل قوله : فَغُلِبُوا هُنَالِكَ وَانْقَلَبُوا صَاغِرِينَ (119)قال أبو جعفر: يقول تعالى ذكره: فغلب موسى فرعون وجموعه= " هنالك "، عند ذلك= " وانقلبوا صاغرين "، يقول: وانصرفوا عن موطنهم ذلك بصغر مقهورين. (50) . يقال منه: " صغِرَ الرجل يصْغَر صَغَرًا وصُغْرًا وصَغارًا. (51)------------------الهوامش :(50) انظر تفسير (( انقلب )) فيما سلف 3 : 163 / 7 : 414 / 10 : 170 .(51) انظر تفسير (( صغر )) فيما سلف 112 : 96 ، 330 .
( فغلبوا هنالك وانقلبوا صاغرين ) ذليلين مقهورين .
وقد عطف عليه جملة { فغُلبوا } بالفاء لحصول المغلوبية إثر تلقف العصا لإفكهم .و { هنالك } اسم إشارة المكان أي غلبوا في ذلك المكان فأفاد بداهة مغلوبيتهم وظهورها لكل حاضر .والانقلاب : مطاوع قَلَبَ والقلب تغيير الحال وتبدله ، والأكثر أن يكون تغييراً من الحال المعتادة إلى حال غريبة .ويطلق الانقلاب شائعاً على الرجوع إلى المكان الذي يخرج منه ولأن الراجع قد عكس حال خروجه .وانقلب من الأفعال التي تجيء بمعنى ( صار ) وهو المراد هنا أي : صاروا صاغرين . واختيار لفظ { انقلبوا } دون ( رَجعُوا ) أو ( صاروا ) لمناسبته للفظ غُلبوا في الصيغة ، ولما يشعر به أصل اشتقاقه من الرجوع إلى حال أدون ، فكان لفظ ( انقلبوا ) أدخل في الفصاحة .والصّغَار : المذلة ، وتلك المذلة هي مذلة ظهور عجزهم ، ومذلة خيبة رجائهم ما أملوه من الأجر والقرب عند فرعون .
فَغُلِبُوا هُنَالِكَ أي: في ذلك المقام وَانْقَلَبُوا صَاغِرِينَ أي: حقيرين قد اضمحل باطلهم، وتلاشى سحرهم، ولم يحصل لهم المقصود الذي ظنوا حصوله. وأعظم من تبين له الحق العظيم أهل الصنف والسحر، الذين يعرفون من أنواع السحر وجزئياته، ما لا يعرفه غيرهم، فعرفوا أن هذه آية عظيمة من آيات اللّه لا يدان لأحد بها.
فغلبوا هنالك وانقلبوا صاغريننصب على الحال . والفعل منه صغر يصغر صغرا وصغرا وصغارا . أي انقلب قوم فرعون وفرعون معهم أذلاء مقهورين مغلوبين .
In Egypt, the mission of Moses continued for about forty years. This competition with the magicians took place in the last stage of this period. We can imagine from this that the magicians must have been aware of Moses’ message. However, the veil covering their eyes had not fallen away. When they saw Moses’ superiority in the field in which they specialised, then all the veils were torn apart. They could see that this was not a case of magic but of Divine prophethood. They voluntarily and spontaneously prostrated themselves before God. When the sticks and ropes were thrown down by the magicians, they appeared to the people to be moving snakes, due to an optical illusion. But when Moses’ staff turned into a snake and started moving along the ground, the magician’s sticks and ropes turned back into sticks and ropes. The magicians knew the limits of magic. In this event, the magicians realised actually how insignificant were man’s devices, even in their most perfect forms, and how Great and all-Powerful was God. Thereafter, Pharaoh—with all his authority—appeared valueless to them. The same magicians who, before witnessing God’s greatness, were desirous of rewards from Pharaoh, ignored Pharaoh’s threat of the worst punishment as if it were of no account.
The next verse 117 said, وَأَوْحَيْنَا إِلَىٰ مُوسَىٰ أَنْ أَلْقِ عَصَاكَ ۖ فَإِذَا هِيَ تَلْقَفُ مَا يَأْفِكُونَ ﴿117﴾ "And We revealed to Musa 'Throw your staff.' Then, of a sudden it began to swallow all that they had concocted." We find it reported in history, when thousands of staffs and ropes were turned into snakes leaping all over the ground, Allah commanded Musa to drop down his staff on the ground. It turned into a great snake and instantly began to eat up the snakes of the sorcerers. The crowd stood bewildered and stunned at this sight. Within no time all the snakes were eaten up by the great snake of the prophet Musa (علیہ السلام) .
(Thus were they there defeated) upon which Moses was victorious against them (and brought low) and they were humiliated.