The Most High, Glory to your Lord in the Highest — Verse 6

We will have you recite the Qur’ān so that you will not forget what you recite

سنقرئك -أيها الرسول- هذا القرآن قراءة لا تنساها، إلا ما شاء الله مما اقتضت حكمته أن ينسيه لمصلحة يعلمها. إنه - سبحانه- يعلم الجهر من القول والعمل، وما يخفى منهما.

وقوله تعالى" سنقرئك" أي يا محمد" فلا تنسي" وهذا إخبار من الله تعالى ووعد منه له بأنه سيقرئه قراءة لا ينساها.

ثم بين - سبحانه - جانبا من مظاهر فضله على نبيه صلى الله عليه وسلم فقال : ( سَنُقْرِئُكَ فَلاَ تنسى .إِلاَّ مَا شَآءَ الله إِنَّهُ يَعْلَمُ الجهر وَمَا يخفى ) .والنسيان : زوال ما كان موجودا فى حافظة الإِنسان . والاستثناء مفرغ من أعم المفاعيل . ومفعول المشيئة محذوف . جريا على غالب استعماله فى كلام العرب . .أى : سنقرئك - أيها الرسول الكريم - القرآن على لسان أمين وحينا جبريل - عليه السلام - وسنجعلك حافظا وواعيا لما سيقرؤه جبريل عليك ، بحيث لا تنساه فى وقت من الأوقات ، أو فى حال من الأحوال ، إلا فى الوقت أو فى الحال الذى يشاء الله - تعالى - أن ينسيك شيئا من ذلك . فإنك ستنساه بأمره - تعالى - لأنه وحده - عز وجل - وهو العليم بما كان ظاهرا من الأشياء ، وبما كان خافيا منها .فالمقصود من هاتين الآيتين : وعد الله - تعالى - لنبيه صلى الله عليه وسلم ببيان أنه - سبحانه - كما أنه قادر على أن يقرئ الرسول صلى الله عليه وسلم قراءة لا ينساها ، فهو أيضا قادر على أن يزل من صدره ما يشاء إزلته ، عن طريق النسيان لما حفظه .فالمراد بهذا الاستثناء : بيان أنه - تعالى - لو أراد أن يصير الرسول صلى الله عليه وسلم ناسيا للقرآن لقدر على ذلك ، كما قال - سبحانه - ( وَلَئِن شِئْنَا لَنَذْهَبَنَّ بالذي أَوْحَيْنَا إِلَيْكَ . . . ) إذ هو - تعالى - على كل شئ قدير ، ولكنه لم يشأ ذلك فضلا منه وكرما .قال الإِمام الشوكانى ما ملخصه : قوله : ( سَنُقْرِئُكَ فَلاَ تنسى ) أى : سنجعلك قارئا بأن نلهمك القراءة . فلا تنسى ما تقرؤه ، والجملة مستأنفة لبيان هدايته صلى الله عليه وسلم الخاصة ، بعد بيان الهداية العامة ، وهى هدايته صلى الله عليه وسلم لحفظ القرآن .

وقوله: ( سَنُقْرِئُكَ فَلا تَنْسَى إِلا مَا شَاءَ اللَّهُ ) يقول تعالى ذكره: سنقرئك يا محمد هذا القرآن فلا تنساه، إلا ما شاء الله.ثم اختلف أهل التأويل في معنى قوله: ( فَلا تَنْسَى إِلا مَا شَاءَ اللَّهُ ) فقال بعضهم: هذا إخبار من الله نبيه عليه الصلاة والسلام أنه يعلمه هذا القرآن ويحفظه عليه، ونهي منه أن يعجل بقراءته كما قال جلّ ثناؤه: لا تُحَرِّكْ بِهِ لِسَانَكَ لِتَعْجَلَ بِهِ * إِنَّ عَلَيْنَا جَمْعَهُ وَقُرْآنَهُ .* ذكر من قال ذلك:حدثني محمد بن عمرو، قال: ثنا أبو عاصم، قال: ثنا عيسى؛ وحدثني الحارث، قال: ثنا الحسن؛ قال: ثنا ورقاء، جميعا عن ابن أبي نجيح، عن مجاهد، قوله: ( سَنُقْرِئُكَ فَلا تَنْسَى ) قال: كان يتذكر القرآن في نفسه مخافة أن ينسى، فقال قائلو هذه المقالة: معنى الاستثناء في هذا الموضع على النسيان، ومعنى الكلام: فلا تنسى، إلا ما شاء الله أن تنساه، ولا تذكُرَه، قالوا: ذلك هو ما نسخه الله من القرآن، فرفع حكمه وتلاوته.* ذكر من قال ذلك:

"سنقرئك" سنعلمك بقراءة جبريل عليك، "فلا تنسى".

سَنُقْرِئُكَ فَلَا تَنْسَى (6) قد عرفت أن الأمر بالتسبيح في قوله : { سبح اسم ربك الأعلى } [ الأعلى : 1 ] بشارة إجمالية للنبيء صلى الله عليه وسلم بخير يحصل له ، فهذا موقعُ البيان الصريح بوعده بأنه سيعصمه من نسيان ما يُقرئه فيبلِّغُه كما أوحي إليه ويحفظه من التفلت عليه ، ولهذا تكون هذه الجملة استئنافاً بيانياً لأن البشارة تنشىء في نفس النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم ترقباً لوعد بخير يأتيه فبشره بأنه سيزيده من الوحي ، مع ما فرَّع على قوله : { سنقرئك } من قوله : { فلا تنسى } .وإذ قد كانت هذه السورة من أوائل السور نزولاً . وقد ثبت في الصحيح عن ابن عباس : «أن النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم كان يعالج من التنزيل شِدة إذا نزل جبريل ، وكان ممَّا يحرك شفتيْه ولسانَه ، يريد أن يحفظه ويخشى أن يتفلت عليه فقيل له : { لا تحرّك به لسانك لتعجل به إن علينا جمعه وقرآنه } [ القيامة : 16 ، 17 ] ، إنّ علينا أن نجمعه في صدرك وقرآنه أن تقرأه : { فإذا قرأناه فاتبع قرآنه } [ القيامة : 18 ] . يقول : إذا أُنزل عليك فاستمع ، قال : فكان إذا أتاه جبريل أطرق فإذا ذهب قرأه كما قرأ جبريل كما وعده الله» وسورة القيامة التي منها { لا تحرك به لسانك } نزلت بعد سورة الأعلى فقد تعين أن قوله : سنقرئك فلا تنسى } وعد من الله بعَونه على حفظ جميع ما يُوحى إليه .وإنما ابتدىء بقوله : { سنقرئك } تمهيداً للمقصود الذي هو : { فلا تنسى } وإدماجاً للإِعلام بأن القرآن في تزايد مستمر ، فإذا كان قد خاف من نسيان بعض ما أُوحي إليه على حين قِلَّته فإنه سيتتابع ويتكاثر فلا يخش نسيانه فقد تكفل له عدم نسيانه مع تزايده .والسين علامة على استقبال مدخولها ، وهي تفيد تأكيد حصول الفعل وخاصةً إذا اقترنت بفعل حاصل في وقت التكلم فإنها تقتضي أنه يستمر ويتجدد وذلك تأكيد لحصوله وإذ قد كان قوله : { سنقرئك فلا تنسى } إقراءً ، فالسين دالة على أن الإِقراء يستمر ويتجدد .والالتفات بضمير المتكلم المعظَّم لأن التكلّم أنسب بالإِقبال على المبشَّر .وإسناد الإقراء إلى الله مجاز عقلي لأنه جاعل الكلام المقروء وآمر بإقرائه .فقوله : { فلا تنسى } خبر مراد به الوعد والتكفل له بذلك .والنسيان : عدم خطور المعلوم السابق في حافظة الإنسان برهة أو زماناً طويلاً .

{ سَنُقْرِئُكَ فَلَا تَنْسَى } أي: سنحفظ ما أوحينا إليك من الكتاب، ونوعيه قلبك، فلا تنسى منه شيئًا، وهذه بشارة كبيرة من الله لعبده ورسوله محمد صلى الله عليه وسلم، أن الله سيعلمه علمًا لا ينساه.

قوله تعالى : سنقرئك أي القرآن يا محمد فنعلمكه ، فلا تنسى أي فتحفظ رواه ابن وهب عن مالك . وهذه بشرى من الله تعالى بشره بأن أعطاه آية بينة ، وهي أن يقرأ عليه جبريل ما يقرأ عليه من الوحي ، وهو أمي لا يكتب ولا يقرأ ، فيحفظه ولا ينساه . وعن ابن أبي نجيح عن مجاهد ، قال : كان يتذكر مخافة أن ينسى ، فقيل : كفيتكه . قال مجاهد والكلبي : كان النبي - صلى الله عليه وسلم - إذا نزل عليه جبريل بالوحي ، لم يفرغ جبريل من آخر الآية ، حتى يتكلم النبي - صلى الله عليه وسلم - بأولها ، مخافة أن ينساها فنزلت : سنقرئك فلا تنسى بعد ذلك شيئا ، فقد كفيتكه .

Man observes that a serviceable animal like the camel is obedient to him. The sky in all its majesty is well disposed towards him. The earth, without any effort on our part, is subservient to our interests. All these phenomena remind a thoughtful man of God and the Hereafter. Those who derive the nourishment of remembrance from these arrangements of the world have established their entitlement to God’s eternal bounties, while those who have remained lost in forgetfulness and neglect, have proved that they deserve to be deprived of every kind of bounty—forever.

سَنُقْرِئُكَ فَلَا تَنسَىٰ ۔ إِلَّا مَا شَاءَ اللَّـهُ (We will make you recite, then you will not forget, except that which Allah wills. Indeed He knows what is manifest and what is hidden....87:6-7). In the preceding verses, Allah depicted the manifestation of His Omnipotence and [ profound ] wisdom. Thereafter, a few guidelines are given to the Holy Prophet ﷺ regarding his prophetic obligation. Before putting forth the guidelines, he is given the cheerful news of making his task easier. When the Qur'an was revealed initially, and as Jibra'il (علیہ السلام) began to recite, the Holy Prophet ﷺ made haste to repeat, lest any word or sentence should be lost. He was, therefore, told not to make haste with it, and to wait until the angel had delivered the whole message, and then to repeat the words of the revelation, being assured that it was a Divine arrangement, and that nothing would be lost. On this occasion, he is still more plainly told: 'then you will not forget, except that which Allah wills.' While Allah made the Holy Prophet ﷺ remember all of the Qur'an, there were certain verses which Allah made him forget, because they had been abrogated. This was done by Allah's command, and is not done without reason. There are several ways in which this is done. One way of doing this is that a second clear injunction is revealed contrary to the first injunction. Another way of abrogating a particular verse is to obliterate a verse from the memory of the Holy Prophet ﷺ and the memory of all other Muslims, as stated in: مَا نَنسَخ مِن آیَتٍ اَو نُنسِھَا 'Whenever We abrogate a verse or cause it to be forgotten. [ 2:106] ' Some scholars interpret the exceptive sentence 'except that which Allah wills' differently. They say that for some reason Allah blots out temporarily a verse from Holy Prophet's ﷺ memory, but he may remember it again, in support of which the following narrative may be adduced: One day the Holy Prophet ﷺ recited a Surah, but omitted one of the verses. Sayyidna Ubayy Ibn Ka` b ؓ ، one of the Prophet's scribes, was present. He thought it might have been abrogated. On inquiry, the Holy Prophet said that it was not abrogated, but that it was omitted by mistake. [ Qurtubi ]. In this interpretation, it may be summarised that forgetting a verse temporarily, and then remembering it again, does not go against the promise made in this verse. [ In fact, it is an exception from this promise.] Allah knows best!

(We shall make thee read (O Muhammad)) We shall teach, O Muhammad, the Qur'an; it is also said this means: Gabriel shall read to you the Qur'an (so that thou shalt not forget

Which was revealed in Makkah The Virtues of Surat Al-A`la This Surah was revealed in Makkah before the migration to Al-Madinah. The proof of this is what Al-Bukhari recorded from Al-Bara' bin `Azib, that he said, "The first people to come to us (in Al-Madinah) from the Companions of the Prophet were Mus`ab bin `Umayr and Ibn Umm Maktum, who taught us the Qur'an; then `Ammar, Bilal and Sa`d came. Then `Umar bin Al-Khattab came with a group of twenty people, after which the Prophet came. I have not seen the people of Al-Madinah happier with anything more than their happiness with his coming (to Al-Madinah). This was reached to such an extent that I saw the children and little ones saying, `This is the Messenger of Allah ﷺ who has come.' Thus, he came, but he did not come until after I had already recited (i.e., learned how to recite) سَبِّحِ اسْمَ رَبِّكَ الاّعْلَى (Glorify the Name of your Lord, the Most High.) (87:1) as well as other Surahs similar to it." It has been confirmed in the Two Sahihs that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said to Mu`adh, «هَلَّا صَلَّيْتَ بِــ سَبِّحِ اسْمَ رَبِّكَ الاّعْلَى وَالشَّمْسِ وَضُحَـهَا وَالَّيْلِ إِذَا يَغْشَى » (Why didn't you recite "Glorify the Name of your Lord, the Most High,"; "By the sun and its brightness," and "By the night when it envelopes.") Imam Ahmad recorded from An-Nu`man bin Bashir that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ recited سَبِّحِ اسْمَ رَبِّكَ الاّعْلَى هَلْ أَتَاكَ حَدِيثُ الْغَـشِيَةِ Surat Al-A`la (chapter 87) and Surat Al-Ghashiyh (chapter 88) in the two `Id prayers. If the `Id prayer fell on Friday, he would recite them in both prayers (`Id and Salat Al-Jumu`ah). Muslim also recorded this in his Sahih, as well as Abu Dawud, At-Tirmidhi, An-Nasa'i and Ibn Majah. The wording of Muslim and the Sunan compilers says, "He used to recite سَبِّحِ اسْمَ رَبِّكَ الاّعْلَى هَلْ أَتَاكَ حَدِيثُ الْغَـشِيَةِ Surat Al-A`la (chapter 87) and Surat Al-Ghashiyh (chapter 88) for the two `Ids and Jumu`ah. If they occurred on the same day, he would recite them in both of them." In his Musnad, Imam Ahmad recorded on the authority of Ubayy bin Ka`b, Abdullah bin `Abbas, `Abdur-Rahman bin Abza, and the Mother of the believers, `A'ishah, that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ used to recite سَبِّحِ اسْمَ رَبِّكَ الاّعْلَى قُلْ يأَيُّهَا الْكَـفِرُونَ قُلْ هُوَ اللَّهُ أَحَدٌ (Glorify the Name of your Lord, the Most High.) and (Say: `O you who disbelieve.') and (Say: `He is Allah, the One.') `A'ishah added in her version that he would also recite the Mu`awwidhatayn (Al-Falaq and An-Nas). بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَـنِ الرَّحِيم In the Name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. The Command to pronounce Tasbih and its Response Imam Ahmad recorded from Ibn `Abbas that whenever the Messenger of Allah ﷺ would recite سَبِّحِ اسْمَ رَبِّكَ الاّعْلَى (Glorify the Name of your Lord, the Most High.) he would say, «سُبْحَانَ رَبِّيَ الْأَعْلَى» (Glory to my Lord, the Most High.) Ibn Jarir recorded from Ibn Ishaq Al-Hamdani that whenever Ibn `Abbas would recite سَبِّحِ اسْمَ رَبِّكَ الاّعْلَى (Glorify the Name of your Lord, the Most High.) he would say, "Glory to my Lord, the Most High," and whenever he would recite لاَ أُقْسِمُ بِيَوْمِ الْقِيَـمَةِ (I swear by the Day of Resurrection.) (75:1) and then reach the end of it أَلَيْسَ ذَلِكَ بِقَـدِرٍ عَلَى أَن يُحْيِىَ الْمَوْتَى (Is not He able to give life to the dead) (75:40) he would say, "Glory to You, of course." Qatadah said, سَبِّحِ اسْمَ رَبِّكَ الاّعْلَى (Glorify the Name of your Lord, the Most High.) "It has been mentioned to us that whenever the Prophet of Allah used to recite it he would say, «سُبْحَانَ رَبِّيَ الْأَعْلَى» (Glory to my Lord, the Most High.)" The Creation, the Decree, and the bringing forth of Vegetation Allah says, الَّذِى خَلَقَ فَسَوَّى (Who has created, and then proportioned it.) meaning, He created that which has been created, and He fashioned every creation in the best of forms. Then Allah says, وَالَّذِى قَدَّرَ فَهَدَى (And Who has measured; and then guided.) Mujahid said, "He guided man to distress and happiness, and he guided the cattle to their pastures." This Ayah is similar to what Allah has said about Musa's statement to Fir`awn, رَبُّنَا الَّذِى أَعْطَى كُلَّ شَىءٍ خَلْقَهُ ثُمَّ هَدَى (Our Lord is He Who gave to each thing its form and nature, then guided it aright.) (20:50) meaning, He decreed a set measure and guided the creation to it. This is just as is confirmed in Sahih Muslim on the authority of `Abdullah bin `Amr that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, «إِنَّ اللهَ قَدَّرَ مَقَادِيرَ الْخَلَائِقِ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَخْلُقَ السَّمَواتِ وَالْأَرْضَ بِخَمْسِينَ أَلْفَ سَنَةٍ وَكَانَ عَرْشُهُ عَلَى الْمَاء» (Verily, Allah ordained the measure of all creation fifty thousand years before He created the heavens and the earth, and His Throne was over the water.) Concerning Allah's statement, وَالَّذِى أَخْرَجَ الْمَرْعَى (And Who brings out the pasturage,) meaning, all types of vegetation and crops. فَجَعَلَهُ غُثَآءً أَحْوَى (And then makes it dark stubble.) Ibn `Abbas said, "Dried up and altered." It has been narrated that Mujahid, Qatadah and Ibn Zayd, all made similar statements. The Prophet does not forget the Revelation Allah says, سَنُقْرِئُكَ (We shall make you to recite,) meaning, `O Muhammad.' فَلاَ تَنسَى (so you shall not forget (it),) This is Allah informing and promising him (the Prophet ) that He will teach him a recitation that he will not forget. إِلاَّ مَا شَآءَ اللَّهُ (Except what Allah may will.) Qatadah said, "The Prophet did not forget anything except what Allah willed." It has been said that the meaning of Allah's statement, فَلاَ تَنسَى (so you shall not forget,) is, "do not forget" and that which would be abrogated, is merely an exception to this. Meaning, `do not forget what We teach you to recite, except what Allah wills, which He removes and there is no sin on your leaving it off (not retaining it).' Concerning Allah's statement, إِنَّهُ يَعْلَمُ الْجَهْرَ وَمَا يَخْفَى (He knows what is apparent and what is hidden.) meaning, He knows what the creatures do openly and what they hide, whether it be statements or deeds. None of that is hidden from Him. Then Allah says, وَنُيَسِّرُكَ لِلْيُسْرَى (And We shall make easy for you the easy.) meaning, `We will make good deeds and statements easy for you, and We will legislate such Law for you that is easy, tolerant, straight and just, with no crookedness, difficulty or hardship in it.' The Command to remind Allah then says, فَذَكِّرْ إِن نَّفَعَتِ الذِّكْرَى (Therefore remind in case the reminder profits.) meaning, remind where reminding is beneficial. From here we get the etiquette of spreading knowledge, that it should not be wasted upon those who are not suitable or worthy of it. The Commander of the believers, `Ali said, "You do not tell people any statement that their intellects do not grasp except that it will be a Fitnah (trial) for some of them." He also said, "Tell people that which they know. Would you like for Allah and His Messenger to be rejected" Allah said: سَيَذَّكَّرُ مَن يَخْشَى (The reminder will be received by him who fears,) meaning, `he whose heart fears Allah and who knows that he is going to meet Him, will receive admonition from what you convey to him, O Muhammad.' وَيَتَجَنَّبُهَا الاٌّشْقَى - الَّذِى يَصْلَى النَّارَ الْكُبْرَى - ثُمَّ لاَ يَمُوتُ فِيهَا وَلاَ يَحْيَا (But it will be avoided by the wretched, who will enter the great Fire. There he will neither die nor live.) meaning, he will not die and thus be allowed to rest, nor will he live a life that is beneficial to him. Instead, his life will be harmful to him, because it will be the cause of his feeling of the pain of torment and various types of punishments what he is being punished with. Imam Ahmad recorded from Abu Sa`id that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, «أَمَّا أَهْلُ النَّارِ الَّذِينَ هُمْ أَهْلُهَا لَا يَمُوتُونَ وَلَا يَحْيَوْنَ، وَأَمَّا أُنَاسٌ يُرِيدُ اللهُ بِهِمُ الرَّحْمَةَ فَيُمِيتُهُمْ فِي النَّارِ فَيَدْخُلُ عَلَيْهِمُ الشُّفَعَاءُ فَيَأْخُذُ الرَّجُلُ الضِّبَارَةَ فَيُنْبِتُهُمْ أو قال: يَنْبُتُونَ فِي نَهْرِ الْحَيَا، أو قال: الْحَيَاةِ، أو قال: الْحَيَوَانِ أو قال: نَهْرِ الْجَنَّةِ فَيَنْبُتُونَ نَبَاتَ الْحِبَّةِ فِي حَمِيلِ السَّيْل» (Concerning the people of the Fire who are deserving of it, they will not die nor will they live. Regarding the people that Allah wants mercy for, He will cause them to die in the Fire. Then He will allow the intercessors to come to them, and a man will take his groups of supporters and plant them (or he said (they will be planted) in the River of Al-Haya (or he said (Al-Hayah, or Al-Hayawan, or Nahr Al-Jannah). Then they will sprout up like the sprouting of the seed on the moist bank of a flowing stream.) Then the Prophet said, «أَمَا تَرَوْنَ الشَّجَرَةَ تَكُونُ خَضْرَاءَ، ثُمَّ تَكُونُ صَفْرَاءَ، ثُمَّ تَكُونُ خَضْرَاءَ؟» (Haven't you all seen the tree that is green, then it turns yellow, then it turns green (again)) Abu Sa`id then said that some of those present said, "It is as if the Prophet used to live in the desert wilderness (i.e., due to his parables of nature)." Ahmad also recorded from Abu Sa`id that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, «أَمَّا أَهْلُ النَّارِ الَّذِينَ هُمْ أَهْلُهَا فَإِنَّهُمْ لَا يَمُوتُونَ فِيهَا وَلَا يَحْيَوْنَ، وَلَــكِنْ أُنَاسٌ أو كما قال تُصِيبُهُمُ النَّارُ بِذُنُوبِهِمْ أو قال: بِخَطَايَاهُمْ فَيُمِيتُهُمْ إِمَاتَةً حَتْى إِذَا صَارُوا فَحْمًا أُذِنَ فِي الشَّفَاعَةِ، فَجِيءَ بِهِمْ ضَبَائِرَ ضَبَائِرَ فَبُثُّوا عَلى أَنْهَارِ الْجَنَّةِ فَيُقَالُ:يَا أَهْلَ الْجَنَّةِ أَفِيضُوا عَلَيْهِمْ، فَيَنْبُتُونَ نَبَاتَ الْحِبَّةِ تَكُونُ فِي حَمِيلِ السَّيْل» (Concerning the people of the Fire who will be dwellers of it, they will not die in it nor will they live. However, there will be a group of people - or as he said -( whom the Fire will burn due to their sins - or he said - (their wrongdoings. So, He will cause them to die until they become burnt coal. Then the intercession will be allowed and they will be brought group after group, and they will be scattered over the rivers of Paradise. Then it will be said: "O people of Paradise! Pour down upon them." Then they will sprout like the growing of the seed that is upon the moist bank of the flowing stream." Then, a man from among the people present said, "It is as if the Messenger of Allah ﷺ used to live in the desert wilderness." Muslim also recorded this Hadith.