The Overwhelming, The Overwhelming Calamity, The Pall — Verse 15
88:15 · al-Ghashiyah
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وَنَمَارِقُ مَصْفُوفَةٌ
Wanamariqu masfoofatun
The Overwhelming, The Overwhelming Calamity, The Pall / al-Ghashiyah (88:15)
Connections 4 single-source 1 commentator
Multi-source connections
No verses on this ayah are cited by 2 or more commentators using numeric S:A notation. All extracted references come from a single source's commentary.
Single-source mentions (4) cited by only one commentator
By commentator who cites how many verses on this ayah
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Tafsir Ibn Kathir (abridged) 4 verses
Note: these connections are extracted from numeric S:A references inside the commentary text and are therefore biased toward mufassirun who use that notation. Prose-style references (e.g. "Surat al-Baqarah verse 30") will be added later, which should surface additional multi-source consensus.
cushions set in rows
Wanamariqu masfoofatun
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Tafsir Commentary
and cushions arrayed one next to the other against which they may lean
وجوه المؤمنين يوم القيامة ذات نعمة؛ لسعيها في الدنيا بالطاعات راضية في الآخرة، في جنة رفيعة المكان والمكانة، لا تسمع فيها كلمة لغو واحدة، فيها عين تتدفق مياهها، فيها سرر عالية وأكواب معدة للشاربين، ووسائد مصفوفة، الواحدة جنب الأخرى، وبُسُط كثيرة مفروشة.
قال ابن عباس النمارق الوسائد وكذا قال عكرمة وقتادة والضحاك والسدى والثوري وغيرهم.
( وَنَمَارِقُ مَصْفُوفَةٌ ) والنمارق : جمع نمرقة - بضم النون وسكون الميم وضم الراء - ، وهى الوسادة الصغيرة التى يتكئ عليها الجالس والمضجع . أى : وفى الجنة وسائد كثيرة ، قد صف بعضها إلى جانب بعض صفا جميلا ، بحيث يجدها الجالس قريبة منه فى كل وقت .
وقوله: ( وَنَمَارِقُ مَصْفُوفَةٌ ) يعني بالنمارق: الوسائد والمرافق؛ والنمارق: واحدها نُمْرُقة، بضم النون. وقد حُكي عن بعض كلب سماعًا نِمْرِقة، بكسر النون والراء. وقيل: مصفوفة؛ لأن بعضها بجنب بعض.وبنحو الذي قلنا في ذلك قال أهل التأويل.* ذكر من قال ذلك:حدثني عليّ، قال: ثنا أبو صالح، قال: ثني معاوية، عن عليّ، عن ابن عباس، قوله: ( وَنَمَارِقُ مَصْفُوفَةٌ ) يقول: المرافق.حدثني محمد بن سعد، قال: ثني أبي، قال: ثني عمي، قال ثني أبي، عن أبيه، عن ابن عباس، قوله: ( وَنَمَارِقُ مَصْفُوفَةٌ ) يعني بالنمارق: المجالس.حدثنا بشر، قال: ثنا يزيد، قال: ثنا سعيد، عن قتادة، قوله: ( وَنَمَارِقُ مَصْفُوفَةٌ ) والنمارق: الوسائد.
"ونمارق"، وسائد ومرافق، "مصفوفة"، بعضها بجنب بعض، واحدتها نمرقة بضم النون.
وَنَمَارِقُ مَصْفُوفَةٌ (15) ولذلك عطف { وأكواب } ، { ونمارق } ، { وزرابي } ، لأنها متماثلة في أنها من متاع المساكن الفائقة .وهذا وصف لمحاسن الجنة بمحاسن أثاث قصورها فضمير فيها عائد للجنة باعتبار أن ما في قصورها هو مظروف فيها بواسطة .
{ وَنَمَارِقُ مَصْفُوفَةٌ } أي: وسائد من الحرير والاستبرق وغيرهما مما لا يعلمه إلا الله، قد صفت للجلوس والاتكاء عليها، وقد أريحوا عن أن يضعوها، و يصفوها بأنفسهم.
ونمارق أي وسائد ، الواحدة نمرقة . مصفوفة أي واحدة إلى جنب الأخرى . قال الشاعر :وإنا لنجري الكأس بين شروبنا وبين أبي قابوس فوق النمارقوقال آخر :كهول وشبان حسان وجوههم على سرر مصفوفة ونمارق[ ص: 31 ] وفي الصحاح : النمرق والنمرقة : وسادة صغيرة . وكذلك النمرقة ( بالكسر ) لغة حكاها يعقوب . وربما سموا الطنفسة التي فوق الرحل نمرقة عن أبي عبيد .
Man observes that a serviceable animal like the camel is obedient to him. The sky in all its majesty is well disposed towards him. The earth, without any effort on our part, is subservient to our interests. All these phenomena remind a thoughtful man of God and the Hereafter. Those who derive the nourishment of remembrance from these arrangements of the world have established their entitlement to God’s eternal bounties, while those who have remained lost in forgetfulness and neglect, have proved that they deserve to be deprived of every kind of bounty—forever.
Etiquette of Living
وَأَكْوَابٌ مَّوْضُوعَةٌ (and goblets, well placed...88:14) The word akwab is the plural of kub and it refers to a 'goblet', a 'glass' or a cup for drinking water. It has been qualified by the adjective maudu’ ah and it means 'well placed'. This signifies that the glasses or cups or containers will be set in their due places close to water. This description opens an important chapter in setting down some of the rules of correct behaviour in social situations. The drinking containers for water ought to be placed near the water in the designated place. They should not be misplaced so that the other members of the household will have to look for them when they wish to drink water. This situation is irritating. Other household items of daily use, such as cans, glasses, towels, and so on, should be arranged in their designated places, and after using them, they must be kept back in their respective places, so that the other members of the household do not face any difficulty in finding them out. A11 this is deducible from the word maudu'ah 'well placed', because Allah has arranged the goblets near the water for the comfort of the inmates of Paradise.
(And cushions ranged) against each other.
The Condition of the People of Paradise on the Day of Judgement
After mentioning the situation of the wretched people, Allah changes the discussion to mention those who will be happy. He says,
وُجُوهٌ يَوْمَئِذٍ
(Faces that Day.) meaning, on the Day of Judgement.
نَّاعِمَةٌ
(will be joyful,) meaning, pleasure will be noticeable in them (those faces). This will only occur due to their striving. Sufyan said,
لِّسَعْيِهَا رَاضِيَةٌ
(Glad with their endeavor.) "They will be pleased with their deeds." Then Allah says,
فِى جَنَّةٍ عَالِيَةٍ
(In a lofty Paradise.) meaning, elevated and brilliant, secure in their dwellings.
لاَّ تَسْمَعُ فِيهَا لَـغِيَةً
(Where they shall neither hear harmful speech nor falsehood.) meaning, they will not hear in the Paradise that they will be in, any foolish word. This is as Allah says,
لاَّ يَسْمَعُونَ فِيهَا لَغْواً إِلاَّ سَلَـماً
(They shall not hear therein any Laghw, but only Salam.) (19:62) Allah also says,
لاَّ لَغْوٌ فِيهَا وَلاَ تَأْثِيمٌ
(Free from any Laghw, and free from sin.) (52:23) and He says,
لاَ يَسْمَعُونَ فِيهَا لَغْواً وَلاَ تَأْثِيماً - إِلاَّ قِيلاً سَلَـماً سَلَـماً
(No Laghw will they hear therein, nor any sinful speech. But only the saying of: "Salam! Salam!" ) (56:25-26) Then Allah continues,
فِيهَا عَيْنٌ جَارِيَةٌ
(Therein will be a running spring.) meaning, flowing freely. This is mentioned with the intent of emphasizing affirmation. It is not intended to mean that there is only one spring. So here it refers to springs collectively. Thus, the meaning is that in it (Paradise) are flowing springs. Ibn Abi Hatim recorded from Abu Hurayrah that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said,
«أَنْهَارُ الْجَنَّةِ تَفَجَّرُ مِنْ تَحْتِ تِلَالِ أَوْ مِنْ تَحْتِ جِبَالِ الْمِسْك»
(The rivers of Paradise spring forth from beneath hills -- or mountains -- of musk.)
فِيهَا سُرُرٌ مَّرْفُوعَةٌ
(Therein will be thrones raised high.) meaning, lofty, delightful, numerous couches, with elevated ceilings. Upon which will be seated wide-eyed, beautiful maidens. They have mentioned that whenever the friend of Allah wishes to sit on these lofty thrones, they (the thrones) will lower themselves for him.
وَأَكْوَابٌ مَّوْضُوعَةٌ
(And cups set at hand.) meaning, drinking containers that are prepared and presented for whoever among their masters (i.e., the people of Paradise) wants them.
وَنَمَارِقُ مَصْفُوفَةٌ
(And Namariq set in rows.) Ibn `Abbas said, "An-Namariq are pillows." This was also said by `Ikrimah, Qatadah, Ad-Dahhak, As-Suddi, Ath-Thawri and others. Concerning Allah's statement,
وَزَرَابِيُّ مَبْثُوثَةٌ
(And Zarabi, spread out (Mabthuthah).) Ibn `Abbas said, "Az-Zarabi are carpets." This was also said by Ad-Dahhak and others. Here the word Mabthuthah means placed here and there for whoever would like to sit upon them.