The Poets — Verse 77
26:77 · ash-Shu`ara`
Verse display
فَإِنَّهُمۡ عَدُوࣱّ لِّیۤ إِلَّا رَبَّ ٱلۡعَـٰلَمِینَ ٧٧
fa-innahum ʿaduwwun lī illā rabba l-ʿālamīn
The Poets / ash-Shu`ara` (26:77)
Connections 1 multi-source 10 single-source 5 commentators
Multi-source connections cited by 2+ commentators
Single-source mentions (10) cited by only one commentator
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Q 6:81 (al-An`am)
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Q 9:40 (at-Taubah)
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Q 10:71 (Yunus)
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Q 11:54 (Hud)
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Q 11:55 (Hud)
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Q 11:56 (Hud)
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Q 43:26 (az-Zukhruf)
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Q 43:27 (az-Zukhruf)
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Q 43:28 (az-Zukhruf)
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Q 60:4 (al-Mumtahinah)
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By commentator who cites how many verses on this ayah
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Tafsir Ibn Kathir (abridged) 9 verses
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Al-Qushairi Tafsir 1 verse 2 mentions total
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Kashani Tafsir 1 verse 2 mentions total
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Kashf Al-Asrar Tafsir 1 verse
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Ma'arif-ul-Quran 1 verse
Note: these connections are extracted from numeric S:A references inside the commentary text and are therefore biased toward mufassirun who use that notation. Prose-style references (e.g. "Surat al-Baqarah verse 30") will be added later, which should surface additional multi-source consensus.
are my enemies; not so the Lord of the Worlds
fa-innahum ʿaduwwun lī illā rabba l-ʿālamīn
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Tafsir Commentary
How the Close Friend of Allah, Ibrahim spoke out against Shirk
Here Allah tells us about His servant, Messenger and Close Friend, Ibrahim, upon him be peace, the leader of the pure monotheists. Allah commanded His Messenger Muhammad ﷺ to recite this story to his Ummah so that they could follow this example of sincerity towards Allah, putting one's trust in Him, worshipping Him Alone with no partner or associate, and renouncing Shirk and its people. Allah granted guidance to Ibrahim before, i.e., from a very early age he had denounced his people's practice of worshipping idols with Allah, may He be exalted.
إِذْ قَالَ لاًّبِيهِ وَقَوْمِهِ مَا تَعْبُدُونَ
(When he said to his father and his people: "What do you worship") meaning: what are these statues to which you are so devoted
قَالُواْ نَعْبُدُ أَصْنَاماً فَنَظَلُّ لَهَا عَـكِفِينَ
(They said: "We worship idols, and to them we are ever devoted.") meaning: we are devoted to worshipping them and praying to them.
قَالَ هَلْ يَسْمَعُونَكُمْ إِذْ تَدْعُونَ - أَوْ يَنفَعُونَكُمْ أَوْ يَضُرُّونَ - قَالُواْ بَلْ وَجَدْنَآ ءَابَآءَنَا كَذَلِكَ يَفْعَلُونَ
(He said: "Do they hear you when you call Or do they benefit you or do they cause harm" They said: "(Nay) but we found our fathers doing so.") They knew that their idols could not do anything, but they had seen their fathers doing this, so they made haste to follow in their footsteps. So Ibrahim said to them:
قَالَ أَفَرَءَيْتُمْ مَّا كُنْتُمْ تَعْبُدُونَ - أَنتُمْ وَءَابَآؤُكُمُ الاٌّقْدَمُونَ - فَإِنَّهُمْ عَدُوٌّ لِى إِلاَّ رَبَّ الْعَـلَمِينَ
(Do you observe that which you have been worshipping --you and your ancient fathers Verily, they are enemies to me, save the Lord of Al-`Alamin.) meaning, `if these idols mean anything and have any influence, then let them do me any kind of harm, for I am an enemy to them and I do not care about them or think anything of them.' This is akin to the way Allah described Nuh:
فَأَجْمِعُواْ أَمْرَكُمْ وَشُرَكَآءَكُمْ
(So devise your plot, you and your partners) (10:71). And Hud, upon him be peace, said:
إِن نَّقُولُ إِلاَّ اعْتَرَاكَ بَعْضُ ءَالِهَتِنَا بِسُوءٍ قَالَ إِنِّى أُشْهِدُ اللَّهِ وَاشْهَدُواْ أَنِّى بَرِىءٌ مِّمَّا تُشْرِكُونَ - مِن دُونِهِ فَكِيدُونِى جَمِيعًا ثُمَّ لاَ تُنظِرُونِ - إِنِّى تَوَكَّلْتُ عَلَى اللَّهِ رَبِّى وَرَبِّكُمْ مَّا مِن دَآبَّةٍ إِلاَّ هُوَ ءاخِذٌ بِنَاصِيَتِهَآ إِنَّ رَبِّى عَلَى صِرَطٍ مُّسْتَقِيمٍ
("I call Allah to witness and bear you witness that I am free from that which you ascribe as partners in worship. So plot against me, all of you, and give me no respite. I put my trust in Allah, my Lord and your Lord! There is not a moving creature but He has the grasp of its forelock. Verily, my Lord is on the straight path) (11:54-56). rSimilarly, Ibrahim denounced their gods and idols and said:
وَكَيْفَ أَخَافُ مَآ أَشْرَكْتُمْ وَلاَ تَخَافُونَ أَنَّكُمْ أَشْرَكْتُم بِاللَّهِ
(And how should I fear those whom you associate in worship with Allah, while you fear not that you have joined in worship with Allah) (6:81). And Allah said:
قَدْ كَانَتْ لَكُمْ أُسْوَةٌ حَسَنَةٌ فِى إِبْرَهِيمَ
(Indeed there has been an excellent example for you in Ibrahim) until His saying;
حَتَّى تُؤْمِنُواْ بِاللَّهِ وَحْدَهُ
(until you believe in Allah Alone) (60:4).
وَإِذْ قَالَ إِبْرَهِيمُ لاًّبِيهِ وَقَوْمِهِ إِنَّنِى بَرَآءٌ مِّمَّا تَعْبُدُونَ - إِلاَّ الَّذِى فَطَرَنِى فَإِنَّهُ سَيَهْدِينِ - وَجَعَلَهَا كَلِمَةً بَـقِيَةً فِى عَقِبِهِ لَعَلَّهُمْ يَرْجِعُونَ
(And (remember) when Ibrahim said to his father and his people: "Verily, I am innocent of what you worship, except Him Who created me; and verily, He will guide me." And he made it a Word lasting among his offspring, that they may turn back) (43:26-28). meaning: "La Ilaha Illallah."
They are indeed hateful to me I do not worship them; but the Lord of the Worlds I do worship Him
Surely they are an enemy to me, save the Lord of the Worlds, who created me, so He is guiding me. The mark of love is that, when the lover comes to the description of the Beloved, he turns his heart away from others. He remembers only the Beloved and speaks only in laudation of the Beloved. He does not become sated by remembering Him, lauding Him, and thanking Him, nor can he re- main silent. This was the case when Abraham began to remember and praise God. Look how he clung to plentiful remembrance and laudation and much supplication and pleading! What a difference between these two groups-the owners of requests and the companions of the realities! The owners of requests strive, bring forth obedience, and count out litanies, and then, after that, they present their requests. Their hearts are attached to the reward, and they implore by supplicating and requesting what they want. A report has come: “Surely God loves those who implore in their supplications.” This is the station of the lords of the Shariah. Moses was in this station when he said, “My Lord, open my breast and ease my task!” [20:26] and so on. Above this is the station of the companions of the realities. In remembering and lauding the Beloved they never turn to requesting what they want. Sometimes their tongues cling to lauda- tion and sometimes their hearts are mixed with contemplation, their secret cores having reached union. Annihilated from themselves, they subsist through the Real. This was the state of Abraham when he said, “who created me, so He is guiding me.” In other words: “He is guiding me from me to Him, for my existence has been effaced, and none but the Object of my worship guides me in myself.” This is why the Pir of the Tariqah said, “O God, show me the road to Yourself and release me from the bonds of myself. O He who makes arrive, make me arrive at Yourself, for no one arrives by himself! “O God, remembering You is delight, loving You celebration, recognizing You the kingdom, finding You joy, companionship with You the spirit's repose, proximity to You light. Your seeker is slain though alive, and finding You is the resurrection without Trumpet.”
Surely they are an enemy to me, save the Lord of the Worlds, who created me, so He is guiding me. The mark of love is that, when the lover comes to the description of the Beloved, he turns his heart away from others. He remembers only the Beloved and speaks only in laudation of the Beloved. He does not become sated by remembering Him, lauding Him, and thanking Him, nor can he re- main silent. This was the case when Abraham began to remember and praise God. Look how he clung to plentiful remembrance and laudation and much supplication and pleading! What a difference between these two groups-the owners of requests and the companions of the realities! The owners of requests strive, bring forth obedience, and count out litanies, and then, after that, they present their requests. Their hearts are attached to the reward, and they implore by supplicating and requesting what they want. A report has come: “Surely God loves those who implore in their supplications.” This is the station of the lords of the Shariah. Moses was in this station when he said, “My Lord, open my breast and ease my task!” [20:26] and so on. Above this is the station of the companions of the realities. In remembering and lauding the Beloved they never turn to requesting what they want. Sometimes their tongues cling to lauda- tion and sometimes their hearts are mixed with contemplation, their secret cores having reached union. Annihilated from themselves, they subsist through the Real. This was the state of Abraham when he said, “who created me, so He is guiding me.” In other words: “He is guiding me from me to Him, for my existence has been effaced, and none but the Object of my worship guides me in myself.” This is why the Pir of the Tariqah said, “O God, show me the road to Yourself and release me from the bonds of myself. O He who makes arrive, make me arrive at Yourself, for no one arrives by himself! “O God, remembering You is delight, loving You celebration, recognizing You the kingdom, finding You joy, companionship with You the spirit's repose, proximity to You light. Your seeker is slain though alive, and finding You is the resurrection without Trumpet.”
Surely they are an enemy to me, save the Lord of the Worlds, who created me, so He is guiding me. The mark of love is that, when the lover comes to the description of the Beloved, he turns his heart away from others. He remembers only the Beloved and speaks only in laudation of the Beloved. He does not become sated by remembering Him, lauding Him, and thanking Him, nor can he re- main silent. This was the case when Abraham began to remember and praise God. Look how he clung to plentiful remembrance and laudation and much supplication and pleading! What a difference between these two groups-the owners of requests and the companions of the realities! The owners of requests strive, bring forth obedience, and count out litanies, and then, after that, they present their requests. Their hearts are attached to the reward, and they implore by supplicating and requesting what they want. A report has come: “Surely God loves those who implore in their supplications.” This is the station of the lords of the Shariah. Moses was in this station when he said, “My Lord, open my breast and ease my task!” [20:26] and so on. Above this is the station of the companions of the realities. In remembering and lauding the Beloved they never turn to requesting what they want. Sometimes their tongues cling to lauda- tion and sometimes their hearts are mixed with contemplation, their secret cores having reached union. Annihilated from themselves, they subsist through the Real. This was the state of Abraham when he said, “who created me, so He is guiding me.” In other words: “He is guiding me from me to Him, for my existence has been effaced, and none but the Object of my worship guides me in myself.” This is why the Pir of the Tariqah said, “O God, show me the road to Yourself and release me from the bonds of myself. O He who makes arrive, make me arrive at Yourself, for no one arrives by himself! “O God, remembering You is delight, loving You celebration, recognizing You the kingdom, finding You joy, companionship with You the spirit's repose, proximity to You light. Your seeker is slain though alive, and finding You is the resurrection without Trumpet.”
Surely they are an enemy to me, save the Lord of the Worlds, who created me, so He is guiding me. The mark of love is that, when the lover comes to the description of the Beloved, he turns his heart away from others. He remembers only the Beloved and speaks only in laudation of the Beloved. He does not become sated by remembering Him, lauding Him, and thanking Him, nor can he re- main silent. This was the case when Abraham began to remember and praise God. Look how he clung to plentiful remembrance and laudation and much supplication and pleading! What a difference between these two groups-the owners of requests and the companions of the realities! The owners of requests strive, bring forth obedience, and count out litanies, and then, after that, they present their requests. Their hearts are attached to the reward, and they implore by supplicating and requesting what they want. A report has come: “Surely God loves those who implore in their supplications.” This is the station of the lords of the Shariah. Moses was in this station when he said, “My Lord, open my breast and ease my task!” [20:26] and so on. Above this is the station of the companions of the realities. In remembering and lauding the Beloved they never turn to requesting what they want. Sometimes their tongues cling to lauda- tion and sometimes their hearts are mixed with contemplation, their secret cores having reached union. Annihilated from themselves, they subsist through the Real. This was the state of Abraham when he said, “who created me, so He is guiding me.” In other words: “He is guiding me from me to Him, for my existence has been effaced, and none but the Object of my worship guides me in myself.” This is why the Pir of the Tariqah said, “O God, show me the road to Yourself and release me from the bonds of myself. O He who makes arrive, make me arrive at Yourself, for no one arrives by himself! “O God, remembering You is delight, loving You celebration, recognizing You the kingdom, finding You joy, companionship with You the spirit's repose, proximity to You light. Your seeker is slain though alive, and finding You is the resurrection without Trumpet.”
Surely they are an enemy to me, save the Lord of the Worlds, who created me, so He is guiding me.The mark of love is that, when the lover comes to the description of the Beloved, he turns his heart away from others. He remembers only the Beloved and speaks only in laudation of the Beloved. He does not become sated by remembering Him, lauding Him, and thanking Him, nor can he re- main silent. This was the case when Abraham began to remember and praise God. Look how he clung to plentiful remembrance and laudation and much supplication and pleading!What a difference between these two groups-the owners of requests and the companions of the realities! The owners of requests strive, bring forth obedience, and count out litanies, and then, after that, they present their requests. Their hearts are attached to the reward, and they implore by supplicating and requesting what they want. A report has come: �Surely God loves those who implore in their supplications.� This is the station of the lords of the Shariah. Moses was in this station when he said, �My Lord, open my breast and ease my task!� [20:26] and so on.Above this is the station of the companions of the realities. In remembering and lauding the Beloved they never turn to requesting what they want. Sometimes their tongues cling to lauda- tion and sometimes their hearts are mixed with contemplation, their secret cores having reached union. Annihilated from themselves, they subsist through the Real. This was the state of Abraham when he said, �who created me, so He is guiding me.� In other words: �He is guiding me from me to Him, for my existence has been effaced, and none but the Object of my worship guides me in myself.�This is why the Pir of the Tariqah said, �O God, show me the road to Yourself and release me from the bonds of myself. O He who makes arrive, make me arrive at Yourself, for no one arrives by himself!�O God, remembering You is delight, loving You celebration, recognizing You the kingdom, finding You joy, companionship with You the spirit's repose, proximity to You light. Your seeker is slain though alive, and finding You is the resurrection without Trumpet.�
قال إبراهيم: أفأبصرتم بتدبر ما كنتم تعبدون من الأصنام التي لا تسمع ولا تنفع ولا تضر، أنتم وآباؤكم الأقدمون من قبلكم؟ فإن ما تعبدونهم من دون الله أعداء لي، لكن رب العالمين ومالك أمرهم هو وحده الذي أعبده. هو الذي خلقني في أحسن صورة فهو يرشدني إلى مصالح الدنيا والآخرة، وهو الذي ينعم عليَّ بالطعام والشراب، وإذا أصابني مرض فهو الذي يَشْفيني ويعافيني منه، وهو الذي يميتني في الدينا بقبض روحي، ثم يحييني يوم القيامة، لا يقدر على ذلك أحد سواه، والذي أطمع أن يتجاوز عن ذنبي يوم الجزاء.
"أفرأيتم ما كنتم تعبدون أنتم وآباؤكم الأقدمون فإنهم عدو لي إلا رب العالمين" أي إن كانت هذه الأصنام شيئا ولها تأثير وتقدر فلتخلص إلي بالمساءة فإني عدو لها لا أبالي بها ولا أفكر فيها وهذا كما قال تعالى مخبرا عن نوح عليه السلام "فأجمعوا أمركم وشركاءكم" الآية وقال هود عليه السلام "إني أشهد الله واشهدوا أني بريء مما تشركون من دونه فكيدوني جميعا ثم لا تنظرون إني توكلت على الله ربي وربكم ما من دابة إلا هو آخذ بناصيتها إن ربي على صراط مستقيم" وهكذا تبرأ إبراهيم من آلهتهم فقال "وكيف أخاف ما أشركتم ولا تخافون أنكم أشركتم بالله" الآية وقال تعالى: "قد كانت لكم أسوة حسنة في إبراهيم" - إلى قوله - "حتى تؤمنوا بالله وحده" وقال تعالى: "وإذ قال إبراهيم لأبيه وقومه إني براء مما تعبدون إلا الذي فطرني فإنه سيهدين وجعلها كلمة" يعني لا إله إلا الله.
وأمام هذا التقليد الأعمى ، نرى إبراهيم - عليه السلام - يعلن عداوته لهم ولمعبوداتهم الباطلة ، ويجاهرهم بأن عبادته إنما هى لله - تعالى - وحده فيقول :( أَفَرَأَيْتُمْ مَّا كُنْتُمْ تَعْبُدُونَ أَنتُمْ وَآبَآؤُكُمُ الأقدمون فَإِنَّهُمْ عَدُوٌّ لي إِلاَّ رَبَّ العالمين ) .أى : قال لهم إبراهيم على سبيل الإنكار والتأنيب : أفرأيتم وشاهدتم هذه الأصنام التى عبدتموها أنتم وآباؤكم الأقدمون من دون الله - تعالى - إنها عدو لى لأن عبادتها باطلة لكن الله - تعالى - رب العالمين هو وليى وصاحب الفضل على فى الدنيا والآخرة ، فلذا أعبده وحده .فقوله ( إِلاَّ رَبَّ العالمين ) . استثناء منقطع من ضمير ( إِنَّهُمْ ) .قال صاحب الكشاف : وإنما قال : ( عَدُوٌّ لي ) تصويرا للمسألة فى نفسه ، على معنى : أنى فكرت فى أمرى فرأيت عبادتى لها عبادة للعدو فاجتنبتها وآثرت عبادة الذى الخير كله منه ، وأراهم بذلك أنها نصيحة نصح بها نفسها أولا ، وبنى عليها تدبير أمره ، لينظروا فيقولوا : ما نصحنا إبراهيم إلا بما نصح به نفسه ، ليكون أدعى لهم إلى القبول . ولو قال : فإنهم عدو لكم لم يكن بتلك المثابة ، ولأنه دخل فى باب من التعريض ، وقد يبلغ التعريض للمنصوح ما لا يبلغه التصريح ، لأنه يتأمل فيه ، فربما قاده التأمل إلى التقبل ومنه ما يحكى عن الشافعى - رحمه الله - : أن رجلا واجهه بشىء ، فقال : لو كنتُ بحيث أنت ، لاحتجتُ إلى الأدب . . . وسمع رجل ناسا يتحدثون فى الحِجْر فقال : ما هو بيتى ولا بيتكم . .
( فإنهم عدو لي إلا رب العالمين ). يقول قائل: وكيف يوصف الخشب والحديد والنحاس بعداوة ابن آدم؟ فإن معنى ذلك: فإنهم عدوّ لي لو عبدتهم يوم القيامة, كما قال جلّ ثناؤه وَاتَّخَذُوا مِنْ دُونِ اللَّهِ آلِهَةً لِيَكُونُوا لَهُمْ عِزًّا * كَلا سَيَكْفُرُونَ بِعِبَادَتِهِمْ وَيَكُونُونَ عَلَيْهِمْ ضِدًّا .وقوله: ( إِلا رَبَّ الْعَالَمِينَ ) نصبا على الاستثناء, والعدوّ بمعنى الجمع, ووحد لأنه أخرج مخرج المصدر, مثل القعود والجلوس.ومعنى الكلام: أفرأيتم كل معبود لكم ولآبائكم, فإني منه بريء لا أعبده, إلا رب العالمين.
( فإنهم عدو لي ) أي : أعداء لي ، ووحده على معنى أن كل معبود لكم عدو لي . فإن قيل : كيف وصف الأصنام بالعداوة وهي جمادات ؟ قيل : معناه فإنهم عدو لي لو عبدتهم يوم القيامة كما قال تعالى : " سيكفرون بعبادتهم ويكونون عليهم ضدا " ( مريم - 82 ) . وقال الفراء هو من المقلوب ، أراد : فإني عدو لهم ، لأن من عاديته فقد عاداك . وقيل : " فإنهم عدو لي " على معنى إني لا أتولاهم ولا أطلب من جهتهم نفعا ، كما لا يتولى العدو ، ولا يطلب من جهته النفع .قوله : ( إلا رب العالمين ) اختلفوا في هذا الاستثناء ، قيل : هو استثناء منقطع ، كأنه قال : فإنهم عدو لي لكن رب العالمين وليي . وقيل : إنهم كانوا يعبدون الأصنام مع الله ، فقال إبراهيم : كل من تعبدون أعدائي إلا رب العالمين . وقيل : إنهم غير معبود لي إلا رب العالمين ، فإني أعبده . وقال الحسين بن الفضل : معناه إلا من عبد رب العالمين .
فَإِنَّهُمْ عَدُوٌّ لِي إِلَّا رَبَّ الْعَالَمِينَ (77(. ولذلك فقوله { فإنهم عدو لي } من قبيل التشبيه البليغ ، أي هم كالعدوّ لي في أني أُبغِضهم وأُضرهم . وهذا قريب من قوله تعالى : { إن الشيطان لكم عدوّ فاتخذوه عدواً } [ فاطر : 6 ] أي عاملوه معاملة العدوِّ عدوَّه . وبهذا الاعتبار جُمع بني قوله { لكم عدوّ } [ فاطر : 6 ] وقوله : { فاتخذوه عدوّاً } [ فاطر : 6 ] .والتعبير عن الأصنام بضمير جمع العقلاء في قوله : { فإنهم } دون ( فإنَّها ) جرْي على غالب العبارات الجارية بينهم عن الأصنام لأنهم يعتقدونها مدركة . وضمير { فإنهم } عائد إلى { ما كنتم تعبدون } . وقوله : { وآباءكم } عطف على اسم { كنتم } . والعدوّ : مشتق من العُدوان ، وهو الإضرار بالفعل أو القول . والعدوّ : المُبغض ، فعدوّ : فعول بمعنى فاعل يُلازم الإفراد والتذكير فلا تلحقه علامات التأنيث ( إلا نادراً كقول عمر لنساء من الأنصار : يا عدوات أنفسهن ) . قال في «الكشاف» : حملاً على المصدر الذي على وزن فَعول كالقبول والولوع . والاستثناء في قوله : { إلا رب العالمين } منقطع . و { إلا } بمعنى ( لكن ) إذا كان ربّ العالمين غير مشمول لعبادتهم إذ الظاهر أنهم ما كانوا يعترفون بالخالق ولم يكونوا يجعلون آلهتهم شركاء لله كما هو حال مشركي العرب ، ألا ترى إلى قوله تعالى : { قال بل فعله كبيرهم هذا } [ الأنبياء : 63 ] فهو الصنم الأعظم عندهم ، وإلى قوله : { قال أتحاجّوني في الله وقد هدان } [ الأنعام : 80 ] . ويظهر أن الكلدانيين ( قوم إبراهيم ) لم يكونوا يؤمنون بالخالق الذي لا تدركه الأبصار . وكان أعظم الآلهة عندهم هو كوكبَ الشمس والصنم الذي يمثل الشمس هو ( بعل ) ، فوظيفة الأصنام عندهم تدبير شؤون الناس في حياتهم . وأما الإيجاد والإعدام فكانوا من الذين يقولون { وما يُهلكنا إلا الدهر } [ الجاثية : 24 ] وأن الإيجاد من أعمال التناسل وهم في غفلة عن سر تكوين تلك النظم الحيوانية وإيداعها فيها .
فَإِنَّهُمْ عَدُوٌّ لِي فليضروني بأدنى شيء من الضرر, وليكيدوني, فلا يقدرون. إِلا رَبَّ الْعَالَمِينَ
فإنهم عدو لي واحد يؤدي عن جماعة ، وكذلك يقال للمرأة هي عدو الله وعدوة الله ؟ حكاهما الفراء . قال علي بن سليمان : من قال عدوة الله وأثبت الهاء قال هي بمعنى معادية ، ومن قال " عدو " للمؤنث والجمع جعله بمعنى النسب . ووصف الجماد بالعداوة بمعنى أنهم عدو لي إن عبدتهم يوم القيامة ; كما قال : كلا سيكفرون بعبادتهم ويكونون عليهم ضدا . وقال الفراء : هو من المقلوب ; مجازه فإني عدو لهم لأن من عاديته عاداك . ثم قال : إلا رب العالمين قال الكلبي : أي إلا من عبد رب العالمين ; إلا عابد رب العالمين ; فحذف المضاف . قال أبو إسحاق الزجاج : قال النحويون هو استئناء ليس من الأول ; وأجاز أبو إسحاق أن يكون من الأول على أنهم كانوا يعبدون الله عز وجل ويعبدون معه الأصنام ، فأعلمهم أنه تبرأ مما يعبدون إلا الله . وتأوله الفراء على الأصنام وحدها والمعنى عنده : فإنهم لو عبدتهم عدو لي يوم القيامة ; على ما ذكرنا . وقال الجرجاني : تقديره : أفرأيتم ما كنتم تعبدون أنتم وآباؤكم الأقدمون إلا رب العالمين فإنهم عدو لي . و " إلا " بمعنى " دون وسوى " كقوله : لا يذوقون فيها الموت إلا الموتة الأولى أي دون الموتة الأولى .
Man is an independent being. He has the wisdom to distinguish between good and bad, and make inferences from his continued sustenance on earth. When he falls ill, he finds that there is an abundance of resources from which to derive remedies. But then, man observes that in spite of all his apparent freedom, he is helpless in the face of death. He dies at the end of his allotted lifespan. All these factors can be caused by none other than the one and only God. Then, how can it be legitimate and proper to worship anybody except Him alone? Moreover, a man should be extremely serious and sincere in this matter, because these factors also indicate that whatever God does is in preparation for the day when man will be called before Him to give an account of himself. Death marks the beginning of this process when man will be judged by God on the basis of the performance of his deeds on earth.
The reasoning for this he gave إِنَّ مَعِيَ رَبِّي سَيَهْدِينِ (62) "Indeed with me is my Lord. He will guide me." Such are the moments for the test of faith, when Sayyidna Musa (علیہ السلام) was not terror stricken at all, as if he was seeing for himself the way out. Almost the same thing happened with Holy Prophet ﷺ at the time of migration while hiding in the cave of Thaur. The enemy had reached right at the opening of the cave in his pursuit. In fact they were so close that they could have seen him if they had looked down towards their toes. Sayyidna Abu Bakr ؓ got alarmed a little, but Holy Prophet ﷺ said exactly the same thing لَا تَحْزَنْ إِنَّ اللَّـهَ مَعَنَا ` Do not grieve, Allah is surely with us' (9:40). It is worth noting in the two incidents that while Sayyidna Musa (علیہ السلام) said to his Ummah in order to console them مَعِيَ رَبِّي ` With me is my Lord', Holy Prophet ﷺ said toSayyidna Abu Bakr ؓ in reply ` Allah is with us (two) '. It is a special privilege of the Ummah of Muhammad ﷺ that his followers are also honoured by the company of Allah when they are with their Rasul.
Lo! they are (all) an enemy unto me) and I disassociate myself from them, (save the Lord of the Worlds) except the worship of the Lord of the Worlds.