The Ant, The Ants — Verse 5
27:5 · an-Naml
Verse display
أُو۟لَـٰۤىِٕكَ ٱلَّذِینَ لَهُمۡ سُوۤءُ ٱلۡعَذَابِ وَهُمۡ فِی ٱلۡءَاخِرَةِ هُمُ ٱلۡأَخۡسَرُونَ ٥
ulāika alladhīna lahum sūu l-ʿadhābi wahum fī l-ākhirati humu l-akhsarūn
The Ant, The Ants / an-Naml (27:5)
Connections 9 single-source 2 commentators
Multi-source connections
No verses on this ayah are cited by 2 or more commentators using numeric S:A notation. All extracted references come from a single source's commentary.
Single-source mentions (9) cited by only one commentator
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Q 2:212 (al-Baqarah)
cited by
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Q 3:14 (al-Imran)
cited by
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Q 6:110 (al-An`am)
cited by
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Q 6:115 (al-An`am)
cited by
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Q 6:137 (al-An`am)
cited by
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Q 19:97 (Maryam)
cited by
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Q 27:4 (an-Naml)
cited by
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Q 41:44 (Fussilat)
cited by
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Q 49:7 (al-Hujurat)
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By commentator who cites how many verses on this ayah
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Ma'arif-ul-Quran 5 verses
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Tafsir Ibn Kathir (abridged) 4 verses
Note: these connections are extracted from numeric S:A references inside the commentary text and are therefore biased toward mufassirun who use that notation. Prose-style references (e.g. "Surat al-Baqarah verse 30") will be added later, which should surface additional multi-source consensus.
it is they who will have the worst suffering, and will be the ones to lose most in the life to come
ulāika alladhīna lahum sūu l-ʿadhābi wahum fī l-ākhirati humu l-akhsarūn
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Tafsir Commentary
Which was revealed in Makkah
بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَـنِ الرَّحِيمِ
In the Name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful.
The Qur'an is Guidance and Glad Tidings for the Believers, a Warning to the Disbelievers, and it is from Allah
In (the comments on) Surat Al-Baqarah, we discussed the letters which appear at the beginning of some Surahs.
تِلْكَ ءَايَـتُ الْقُرْءَانِ وَكِتَـبٍ مُّبِينٍ
(These are the Ayat of the Qur'an, and (it is) a Book (that is) clear.) It is plain and evident.
هُدًى وَبُشْرَى لِلْمُؤْمِنِينَ
(A guide and glad tidings for the believers.) meaning, guidance and good news may be attained from the Qur'an for those who believe in it, follow it and put it into practice. They establish obligatory prayers, pay Zakah and believe with certain faith in the Hereafter, the resurrection after death, reward and punishment for all deeds, good and bad, and Paradise and Hell. This is like the Ayat:
قُلْ هُوَ لِلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ هُدًى وَشِفَآءٌ وَالَّذِينَ لاَ يُؤْمِنُونَ فِى ءَاذَانِهِمْ وَقْرٌ
(Say: "It is for those who believe, a guide and a healing. And as for those who disbelieve, there is heaviness (deafness) in their ears...") (41:44).
لِتُبَشِّرَ بِهِ الْمُتَّقِينَ وَتُنْذِرَ بِهِ قَوْماً لُّدّاً
(that you may give glad tidings to those who have Taqwa, and warn with it the Ludd (most quarrelsome) people) (19: 97). Allah says here:
إِنَّ الَّذِينَ لاَ يُؤْمِنُونَ بِالاٌّخِرَةِ
(Verily, those who believe not in the Hereafter,) meaning, those who deny it and think that it will never happen,
زَيَّنَّا لَهُمْ أَعْمَـلَهُمْ فَهُمْ يَعْمَهُونَ
(We have made their deeds fair seeming to them, so that they wander about blindly.) means, `We have made what they are doing seem good to them, and We have left them to continue in their misguidance, so they are lost and confused.' This is their recompense for their disbelief in the Hereafter, as Allah says:
وَنُقَلِّبُ أَفْئِدَتَهُمْ وَأَبْصَـرَهُمْ كَمَا لَمْ يُؤْمِنُواْ بِهِ أَوَّلَ مَرَّةٍ
(And We shall turn their hearts and their eyes away, as they refused to believe therein for the first time) (6:110).
أُوْلَـئِكَ الَّذِينَ لَهُمْ سُوءُ الْعَذَابِ
(They are those for whom there will be an evil torment.) in this world and the Hereafter.
وَهُمْ فِى الاٌّخِرَةِ هُمُ الاٌّخْسَرُونَ
(And in the Hereafter they will be the greatest losers.) means, no one but they, among all the people who will be gathered, will lose their souls and their wealth.
وَإِنَّكَ لَتُلَقَّى الْقُرْءَانَ مِن لَّدُنْ حَكِيمٍ عَلِيمٍ
(And verily, you are being taught the Qur'an from One, All-Wise, All-Knowing.)
وَأَنَّكَ
(And verily, you) O Muhammad. Qatadah said:
لَتُلَقَّى
(are being taught) "Are receiving."
الْقُرْءَانَ مِن لَّدُنْ حَكِيمٍ عَلِيمٍ
(the Qur'an from One, All-Wise, All-Knowing.) from One Who is Wise in His commands and prohibitions, and Who knows all things, major and minor. Whatever He says is absolute Truth, and His rulings are entirely fair and just, as Allah says:
وَتَمَّتْ كَلِمَةُ رَبِّكَ صِدْقاً وَعَدْلاً
(And the Word of your Lord has been fulfilled in truth and in justice) (6:115).
Those are they for whom there is an awful chastisement the worst chastisement in this world being killed or being taken captive; and in the Hereafter they will be the greatest losers because they will end up in the Fire which has been made everlasting for them.
إن الذين لا يُصَدِّقون بالدار الآخرة، ولا يعملون لها حسَّنَّا لهم أعمالهم السيئة، فرأوها حسنة، فهم يترددون فيها متحيِّرين. أولئك الذين لهم العذاب السيِّئ في الدنيا قتلا وأَسْرًا وذُلا وهزيمةً، وهم في الآخرة أشد الناس خسرانًا.
"أولئك الذين لهم سوء العذاب" أي في الدنيا والآخرة "وهم في الآخرة هم الأخسرون" أى ليس يخسر أنفسهم وأموالهم سواهم من أهل المحشر.
ثم بين - سبحانه - قبح عاقبتهم فقال : ( أولئك الذين لَهُمْ سواء العذاب ) .أى : أولئك الذين لم يؤمنوا بالآخرة ، لهم أشد أنواع العذاب الذى يذلهم ويؤلمهم فى الدنيا ( وَهُمْ فِي الآخرة هُمُ الأخسرون ) أى : وهم فى الآخرة أشد خسارة منهم فى الدنيا إذ عذاب الدنيا له نهاية . أما عذاب الآخرة فلا نهاية له .
وقوله: (أُولَئِكَ الَّذِينَ لَهُمْ سُوءُ الْعَذَابِ ) يقول تعالى ذكره: هؤلاء الذين لا يؤمنون بالآخرة لهم سوء العذاب في الدنيا, وهم الذين قتلوا ببدر من مشركي قريش.يقول: وهم يوم القيامة هم الأوضعون تجارة والأوكسوها باشترائهم الضلالة بالهدى فَمَا رَبِحَتْ تِجَارَتُهُمْ وَمَا كَانُوا مُهْتَدِينَ .
( أولئك الذين لهم سوء العذاب ) شدة العذاب في الدنيا بالقتل والأسر ببدر ( وهم في الآخرة هم الأخسرون ) لأنهم خسروا أنفسهم وأهليهم وصاروا إلى النار .
أُولَئِكَ الَّذِينَ لَهُمْ سُوءُ الْعَذَابِ وَهُمْ فِي الْآَخِرَةِ هُمُ الْأَخْسَرُونَ (5)قصد باسم الإشارة زيادة تمييزهم فضحاً لسوء حالهم مع ما ينبه إليه اسم الإشارة في مثل هذا المقام من أن استحقاقَهم ما يخبَر به عنهم ناشىءٌ عما تقدم اسم الإشارة كما في { أولئك على هدى من ربّهم } في سورة البقرة ( 5 ) .وعُزز ما نُبه عليه باسم الإشارة فأعقب باسم الموصول وصلته لما فيه من الإيماء إلى وجه بناء الخبر .وجيء بلام الاختصاص للإشارة إلى أنهم في حالتهم هذه قد هُيِّىء لهم سوء العذاب . والظاهر أن المراد به عذاب الدنيا وهو عذاب السيف وخزي الغلب يوم بدر وما بعده بقرينة عطف : { وهم في الآخرة هم الأخسرون .ففي الآية إشارة إلى جزاءين : جزاء في الدنيا معدود لهم يستحقونه بكفرهم ، فهم ما داموا كافرين متهيئون للوقوع في ذلك العذاب إن جاء إبانه وهم على الكفر .وجزاءٍ في الآخرة يَنَال من صار إلى الآخرة وهو كافر ، وهذا المصير يسمى بالموافاة عند الأشعري .ولكون نوال العذاب الأول إياهم قابلاً للتفصّي منه بالإيمان قبيل حلوله بهم جيء في جانبه بلام الاختصاص المفيدة كونه مهيَّأ تهيئة ، أما أصالة جزاء الآخرة إياهم فلا مندوحة لهم عنه إن جاؤوا يوم القيامة بكفرهم .فالضمائر في قوله لهم } وقوله : { وهم في الآخرة هم } عائدة إلى { الذين لا يؤمنون بالآخرة } [ النمل : 4 ] بمراعاة ذلك العنوان الذي أفادته الصلة فلا دلالة في الضمير على أشخاص مُعَيّنين ولكن على موصوفين بمضمون الصلة فمن تنقشع عنه الضلالة ويثوبُ إلى الإيمان يبرأ من هذا الحكم . وصيغ الخبر عنهم بالخسران في صيغة الجملة الاسمية وقرن بضمير الفصل للدلالة على ثبات مضمون الجملة وعلى انحصار مضمونها فيهم كما تقدم في قوله : { وهم بالآخرة هم يوقنون } [ النمل : 3 ] .وجاء المسند اسم تفضيل للدلالة على أنهم أوحدون في الخسران لا يشبهه خسرانُ غيرهم ، لأن الخسران في الآخرة متفاوت المقدار والمدة وأعظمه فيهما خسران المشركين .
( أُولَئِكَ الَّذِينَ لَهُمْ سُوءُ الْعَذَابِ ) أي: أشده وأسوأه وأعظمه، ( وَهُمْ فِي الآخِرَةِ هُمُ الأخْسَرُونَ ) حصر الخسار فيهم لكونهم خسروا أنفسهم وأهليهم يوم القيامة وخسروا الإيمان الذي دعتهم إليه الرسل.
قوله تعالى : أولئك الذين لهم سوء العذاب وهو جهنم . وهم في الآخرة هم الأخسرون في الآخرة تبيين وليس بمتعلق بالأخسرين فإن من الناس من خسر الدنيا وربح الآخرة ، وهؤلاء خسروا الآخرة بكفرهم فهم أخسر كل خاسر .
When Truth appears before a man and he accepts it without any reservation, he immediately finds himself on the right path. His life becomes righteous in every respect. But, one who is not prepared to mould himself in accordance with the Truth, is forced to twist reality to suit himself. From this develops an attitude of perverseness which is expressed here as ‘their actions appear beautiful to them’ (zayyanna lahum a‘malahum). One with such an attitude seeks self-made arguments to justify his behaviour. These so-called arguments gradually take hold of his mind in such a way that he believes them to be perfectly correct. In the light of his false reasoning, his misdeeds appear virtuous to him. Those to whom God has made their misdeeds appear beautiful are those who are not serious about the call to accept the Truth. As a result of this thinking, they become completely unmindful of self-reformation. They have to pay a heavy price for this tendency of theirs to consider their wrong as right: the path they tread leads straight to hell.
Commentary
زَيَّنَّا لَهُمْ أَعْمَالَهُمْ (We have made their deeds adorned in their sight - 27:4)It means that those who do not believe in the Hereafter We have made their bad actions look adorned in their sight. Therefore they feel good about them and remain enthralled in depravity. Some commentators have interpreted that "their deeds" is used in this verse for good deeds. Hence meaning of the verse is that Allah had placed the good deeds before them with all their attractions. But those unjust people did not pay any attention to them, rather they remained engrossed in infidelity; hence lost their way in wilderness.
However, the first interpretation looks more appropriate and straightforward. In the first place, in the Qur'an, the word (Zinah) 'adornment' has been generally used for bad actions, for instance: زُيِّنَ لِلنَّاسِ حُبُّ الشَّهَوَاتِ (It has been made attractive for people to love the desires - 3:14) زُيِّنَ لِلَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا الْحَيَاةُ الدُّنْيَا (Adorned is the present life for those who disbelieve - 2:212) زَيَّنَ لِكَثِيرٍ مِّنَ الْمُشْرِكِينَ (6:137). Its use for good actions is very rare , such as: وَلَـٰكِنَّ اللَّـهَ حَبَّبَ إِلَيْكُمُ الْإِيمَانَ وَزَيَّنَهُ فِي قُلُوبِكُمْ (But Allah has endeared to you belief, decking it fair in your hearts - 49:7). Secondly, the word اَعمَالَھُم (their deeds) used in the verse is also pointing out that bad actions are meant here and not the righteous actions.
(Those) who have this attribute (are they for whom is the worst of punishment) a severe chastisement in the Fire, (and in the Hereafter) on the Day of Judgement (they will be the greatest losers) they will loose Paradise and enter the Fire.