Ya Sin, Ya-Seen — Verse 27

ادْخُلِ الْجَنَّةَ ("Enter Paradise.") so he entered it with all its bountiful provision, when Allah had taken away from him all the sickness, grief and exhaustion of this world. Mujahid said, "It was said to Habib An-Najjar, `Enter Paradise.' This was his right, for he had been killed. When he saw the reward, قَالَ يلَيْتَ قَوْمِى يَعْلَمُونَ (He said: "Would that my people knew...")." Qatadah said, "You will never find a believer but he is sincere and is never insincere. When he saw with his own eyes how Allah had honored him, he said: قِيلَ ادْخُلِ الْجَنَّةَ قَالَ يلَيْتَ قَوْمِى يَعْلَمُونَ - بِمَا غَفَرَ لِى رَبِّى وَجَعَلَنِى مِنَ الْمُكْرَمِينَ (He said: "Would that my people knew that my Lord has forgiven me, and made me of the honored ones!") He wished that his people could know about what he was seeing with his own eyes of the honor of Allah." Ibn `Abbas said, "He was sincere towards his people during his lifetime by saying, يقَوْمِ اتَّبِعُواْ الْمُرْسَلِينَ (O my people! Obey the Messengers), and after his death by saying: قِيلَ ادْخُلِ الْجَنَّةَ قَالَ يلَيْتَ قَوْمِى يَعْلَمُونَ - بِمَا غَفَرَ لِى رَبِّى وَجَعَلَنِى مِنَ الْمُكْرَمِينَ (Would that my people knew that my Lord (Allah) has forgiven me, and made me of the honored ones!) This was recorded by Ibn Abi Hatim. Sufyan Ath-Thawri narrated from `Asim Al-Ahwal from Abu Mijlaz: بِمَا غَفَرَ لِى رَبِّى وَجَعَلَنِى مِنَ الْمُكْرَمِينَ (That my Lord has forgiven me, and made me of the honored ones!) "Because of my faith in my Lord and my belief in the Messengers." He meant that if they could see the great reward and everlasting blessings that he had attained, this would lead them to follow the Messengers. May Allah have mercy on him and be pleased with him, for he was so keen that his people should be guided. وَمَآ أَنزَلْنَا عَلَى قَوْمِهِ مِن بَعْدِهِ مِن جُندٍ مِّنَ السَّمَآءِ وَمَا كُنَّا مُنزِلِينَ (And We sent not against his people after him an army from the heaven, nor was it needful for Us to send.) Allah tells us that He took revenge on his people after they had killed him because He, may He be blessed and exalted, was angry with them, for they had disbelieved in His Messengers and killed His close friend. Allah tells us that He did not send an army of angels, nor did He need to send them, to destroy these people; the matter was simpler than that. This was the view of Ibn Mas`ud, according to the reports of Ibn Ishaq from some of his companions concerning the Ayah: وَمَآ أَنزَلْنَا عَلَى قَوْمِهِ مِن بَعْدِهِ مِن جُندٍ مِّنَ السَّمَآءِ وَمَا كُنَّا مُنزِلِينَ (And We sent not against his people after him an army from the heaven, nor was it needful for Us to send.) He said: "`We did not seek to outnumber them, for the matter was simpler than that." إِن كَانَتْ إِلاَّ صَيْحَةً وَحِدَةً فَإِذَا هُمْ خَـمِدُونَ (It was but one Sayhah and lo! they (all) were still.) He said, "So Allah destroyed that tyrant king, and destroyed the people of Antioch, and they disappeared from the face of the earth, leaving no trace behind. It was said that the words وَمَا كُنَّا مُنزِلِينَ (nor was it needful for Us to send (such a thing).) mean, `We did not send the angels against the nations when We destroyed them; all We did was to send the punishment to destroy them.' It was said that the words: وَمَآ أَنزَلْنَا عَلَى قَوْمِهِ مِن بَعْدِهِ مِن جُندٍ مِّنَ السَّمَآءِ (And We sent not against his people after him an army from the heaven,) mean, another Message to them. This was the view of Mujahid and Qatadah. Qatadah said, "Allah did not rebuke his people after they killed him, إِن كَانَتْ إِلاَّ صَيْحَةً وَحِدَةً فَإِذَا هُمْ خَـمِدُونَ (It was but one Sayhah and lo! they (all) were still)." Ibn Jarir said, "The former view is more correct, because the Message does not need to be brought by an army." The scholars of Tafsir said, "Allah sent Jibril, peace be upon him, to them, and he seized the pillars at the gate of their city, then he hurled one Sayhah upon them and lo! they (all) were still, to the last man among them, and no soul was left in any body." We have already referred to the reports from many of the Salaf that this city was Antioch, and that these three Messengers were messengers sent from the Messiah `Isa bin Maryam, peace be upon him, as Qatadah and others stated. This is not mentioned by any of the later scholars of Tafsir besides him, and this issue must be examined from a number of angles. (The first) is that if we take this story at face value, it indicates that these men were Messengers from Allah, may He be glorified, not from the Messiah, peace be upon him, as Allah says: إِذْ أَرْسَلْنَآ إِلَيْهِمُ اثْنَيْنِ فَكَذَّبُوهُمَا فَعَزَّزْنَا بِثَالِثٍ فَقَالُواْ إِنَّآ إِلَيْكُمْ مُّرْسَلُونَ (When We sent to them two Messengers, they denied them both; so We reinforced them with a third, and they said: "Verily, we have been sent to you as Messengers.") up to: قَالُواْ رَبُّنَا يَعْلَمُ إِنَّآ إِلَيْكُمْ لَمُرْسَلُونَ - وَمَا عَلَيْنَآ إِلاَّ الْبَلَـغُ الْمُبِينُ ("Our Lord knows that we have been sent as Messengers to you. And our duty is only to convey plainly (the Message).") If they had been from among the Disciples, they would have said something to indicate that they had come from the Messiah, peace be upon him. And Allah knows best. Moreover, if they had been messengers sent by the Messiah, why would the people have said to them, إِنْ أَنتُمْ إِلاَّ بَشَرٌ مِّثْلُنَا ("You are only human beings like ourselves") (The second) is that the people of Antioch did believe in the messengers sent by the Messiah to them. Antioch was the first city to believe in the Messiah, and it is one of the four cities in which there are Christian patriarchs. These cities are: Jerusalem, because it is the city of the Messiah; Antioch, because it was the first city where all of the people believed in the Messiah; Alexandria, because it was in that city that they agreed to reform the hierarchy of patriarchs, metropolitans (archbishops), bishops, priests, deacons and monks; and Rome, because it is the city of the Emperor Constantine who supported and helped to establish their religion. When he adopted Constantinople as his city, the Patriarch of Rome moved there, as has been mentioned by several historian, such as Sa`id bin Batriq and others, both People of the Book and Muslims. If we accept that, then the people of Antioch were the first to believe, but Allah tells us that the people of this town rejected His Messengers and that He destroyed them with one Sayhah and lo! they (all) were still. And Allah knows best. (The third) is that the story of Antioch and the Disciples of the Messiah happened after the Tawrah had been revealed. Abu Sa`id Al-Khudri, may Allah be pleased with him, and others among the Salaf stated that after revealing the Tawrah, Allah, may He be blessed and exalted, did not destroy an entire nation by sending a punishment upon them. Rather, He commanded the believers to fight the idolators. They mentioned this when discussing the Ayah: وَلَقَدْ ءَاتَيْنَا مُوسَى الْكِتَـبَ مِن بَعْدِ مَآ أَهْلَكْنَا الْقُرُونَ الاٍّولَى (And indeed We gave Musa -- after We had destroyed the generations of old -- the Scripture) (28:43). This implies that the city mentioned in the Qur'an is a city other than Antioch, as also stated by more than one of the Salaf. Or, if we wish to keep the same name, it is possible that it is another Antioch, not the one which is well-known, for it is not known that it (the famous Antioch) was destroyed, either during Christian times or before. And Allah knows best.

with what munificence my Lord has forgiven me would that they knew of His great forgiveness and made me of the honoured ones!’

قال وهو في النعيم والكرامة: يا ليت قومي يعلمون بغفران ربي لي وإكرامه إياي؛ بسبب إيماني بالله وصبري على طاعته، واتباع رسله حتى قُتِلت، فيؤمنوا بالله فيدخلوا الجنة مثلي.

"بما غفر لي ربي وجعلني من المكرمين" بإيماني بربي وتصديقي المرسلين ومقصوده أنهم لو اطلعوا على ما حصل لي من الثواب والجزاء والنعيم المقيم لقادهم ذلك إلى اتباع الرسل فرحمه الله ورضي عنه فلقد كان حريصا على هداية قومه. قال ابن أبي حاتم حدثنا أبي حدثنا هشام بن عبيد الله حدثنا ابن جابر هو محمد عن عبدالملك يعني ابن عمير قال: قال عروة بن مسعود الثقفي رضي الله عنه للنبي صلى الله عليه وسلم ابعثني إلى قومي أدعوهم إلى الإسلام فقال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم: "إني أخاف أن يقتلوك" فقال لو وجدوني نائما ما أيقظوني فقال له رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم: "انطلق" فانطلق فمر على اللات والعزى فقال لأصبحنك غدا بما يسوءك فغضبت ثقيف فقال يا معشر ثقيف إن اللات لا لات وإن العزى لا عزى أسلموا تسلموا يا معشر الأحلاف إن العزى لا عزى وإن اللات لا لات أسلموا تسلموا قال ذلك ثلاث مرات فرماه رجل فأصاب أكحله فقتله فبلغ رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم فقال: "هذا مثله كمثل صاحب يس" "قال يا ليت قومي يعلمون بما غفر لي ربي وجعلني من المكرمين". وقال محمد بن إسحاق عن عبدالله بن عبدالرحمن بن معمر بن حزم أنه حدث عن كعب الأحبار أنه ذكر له حبيب بن زيد بن عاصم أخو بني مازن بن النجار الذي كان مسيلمة الكذاب قطعه باليمامة حين جعل يسأله عن رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم فجعل يقول له أتشهد أن محمدا رسول الله؟ فيقول نعم ثم يقول أتشهد أني رسول الله فيقول لا أسمع فيقول له مسيلمة لعنه الله أتسمع هذا ولا تسمع ذاك؟ فيقول نعم فجعل يقطعه عضوا عضوا كلما سأله لم يزده على ذلك حتى مات في يديه فقال كعب حين قيل له اسمه حبيب وكان والله صاحب يس اسمه حبيب.

وقوله - تعالى - : ( قَالَ ياليت قَوْمِي يَعْلَمُونَ . بِمَا غَفَرَ لِي رَبِّي وَجَعَلَنِي مِنَ المكرمين ) استئناف بيانى لبيان ما قاله عند البشارة .أى : قيل له ادخل الجنة بسبب إيمانك وعملك الصالح ، فرد وقال : يا ليت قومى الذين قتلونى ولم يسمعوا نصحى ، يعلمون بما نلته من ثواب من ربى ، فقد غفر لى - سبحانه - وجعلنى من المكرمين عنده ، بفضله وإحسانه . .قال ابن كثير : ومقصوده - من هذا القول - أنهم لو اطلعوا على ما حصل عليه من ثواب ونعيم مقيم ، لقادهم ذلك إلى اتباع الرسل ، فرحمه الله ورضى عنه ، فلقد كان حريصا على هداية قومه .روى ابن أبى حاتم أن عروة بن مسعود الثقفى ، قال للنبى صلى الله عليه وسلم : " ابعثنى إلى قومى أدعوهم إلى الإِسلام ، فقال له صلى الله عليه وسلم " إنى أخاف أن يقتلوك " فقال : يا رسول الله ، لو وجدونى نائما ما أيقظونى . فقال له رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم " انطلق إليهم " فانطلق إليهم ، فمر على اللات والعزى ، فقال : لأصْبِحَنك غدا بما يسؤوك ، فغضبت ثقيف فقال لهم : يا معشر ثقيف : أسلموا تسلموا - ثلاث مرات - . فرماه رجل منهم فأصاب أكْحَلَه فقتله - والأكحل : عرق فى وسط الذراع - فبلغ ذلك رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم - فقال : " هذا مثله كمثل صاحب يس ( قَالَ ياليت قَوْمِي يَعْلَمُونَ . بِمَا غَفَرَ لِي رَبِّي وَجَعَلَنِي مِنَ المكرمين ) " .وقال صاحب الكشاف ما ملخصه : وقوله : ( ياليت قَوْمِي يَعْلَمُونَ . . ) إنما تمنى علم قومه بحاله ، ليكون علمهم بما سببا لاكتساب مثلها لأنفسهم ، بالتوبة عن الكفر ، والدخول فى الإِيمان . . وفى حديث مرفوع : " نصح قومه حيا وميتا " .وفيه تنبيه عظيم على وجوب كظم الغيظ والحلم عن أهل الجهل والترؤف على من أدخل نفسه فى غمار الأشرار وأهل البغى ، والتشمر فى تخليصه ، والتلطف فى افتدائه ، والاشتغال بذلك عن الشماتة به ، والدعاء عليه ، ألا ترى كيف تمنى الخير لقتلته ، وللباغين له الغوائل وهم كفرة وعبدة أصنام .

حدثنا ابن بشار، قال: ثنا يحيى، عن سفيان، عن عاصم الأحول، عن أبي مجلز، في قوله ( بِمَا غَفَرَ لِي رَبِّي ) قال إيماني بربي، وتصديقي رسله، والله أعلم . &; 20-510 &;

( بما غفر لي ربي ) يعني : بغفران ربي لي ، ( وجعلني من المكرمين ) تمنى أن يعلم قومه أن الله غفر له وأكرمه ؛ ليرغبوا في دين الرسل .فلما قتل حبيب غضب الله له وعجل لهم النقمة ، فأمر جبريل - عليه السلام - فصاح بهم صيحة واحدة ، فماتوا عن آخرهم ،

بِمَا غَفَرَ لِي رَبِّي وَجَعَلَنِي مِنَ الْمُكْرَمِينَ (27)و ( ما ) من قوله : { بما غفر لي ربي } مصدرية ، أي يعلمون بغفران ربي وجعله إياي من المكرمين .والمراد بالمكرمين : الذين تلحقهم كرامة الله تعالى وهم الملائكة والأنبياء وأفضل الصالحين قال تعالى : { بل عباد مكرمون } [ الأنبياء : 26 ] يعني الملائكة وعيسى عليهم السلام .

أي: بأي: شيء غفر لي، فأزال عني أنواع العقوبات، { وَجَعَلَنِي مِنَ الْمُكْرَمِينَ } بأنواع المثوبات والمسرات، أي: لو وصل علم ذلك إلى قلوبهم، لم يقيموا على شركهم.

بما غفر لي ربي وجعلني من المكرمين . وقرئ " من المكرمين " وفي معنى تمنيه قولان : أحدهما : أنه تمنى أن يعلموا بحاله ليعلموا حسن مآله وحميد عاقبته . الثاني : تمنى ذلك ليؤمنوا مثل إيمانه فيصيروا إلى مثل حاله . قال ابن عباس : [ ص: 21 ] نصح قومه حيا وميتا . رفعه القشيري فقال : وفي الخبر أنه - عليه السلام - قال في هذه الآية : إنه نصح لهم في حياته وبعد موته . وقال ابن أبي ليلى : سباق الأمم ثلاثة لم يكفروا بالله طرفة عين : علي بن أبي طالب وهو أفضلهم ، ومؤمن آل فرعون ، وصاحب يس ، فهم الصديقون ، ذكره الزمخشري مرفوعا عن رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم .وفي هذه الآية تنبيه عظيم ، ودلالة على وجوب كظم الغيظ ، والحلم عن أهل الجهل ، والترؤف على من أدخل نفسه في غمار الأشرار وأهل البغي ، والتشمر في تخليصه ، والتلطف في افتدائه ، والاشتغال بذلك عن الشماتة به والدعاء عليه ، ألا ترى كيف تمنى الخير لقتلته ، والباغين له الغوائل وهم كفرة عبدة أصنام .

The believer had risked his own life to support the call of the prophets before him. This action of his was of such great worth that he was sent to Paradise. After entering Paradise he did not speak ill of his people, although they were transgressors. On the contrary, he felt that, had they seen his reward, they would not have opposed the truth. This is the picture of a true believer. He is the well-wisher of others under all circumstances, even if he is oppressed by them.

Since this man of piety laid down his life valiantly in the way of Allah, he was blessed with honor as said in Verses 26 and 27: قَالَ يَا لَيْتَ قَوْمِي يَعْلَمُونَ بِمَا غَفَرَ‌ لِي رَ‌بِّي وَجَعَلَنِي مِنَ الْمُكْرَ‌مِينَ ("He said, 'Would that my people knew how my Lord has forgiven me and placed me among the honored ones!" ). He was asked to enter Paradise. When he saw the supreme rewards and blessings of Paradise, he remembered his people and wished that if his people could know how generously he was rewarded and what honors were bestowed on him in return for believing in the messengers, perhaps, they too would have believed. This is the wish expressed in this verse. The prophetic method of da'wah (preaching): Significant guidance for message bearers of Islam The way the three messengers sent to this habitation addressed polytheists and disbelievers, the way these blessed souls responded to their harsh remarks and threats, and similarly, the way in which Habib Najjar, who had believed as a result of the Da'wah of these messengers, addressed his people is something worth repeated consideration, for it has great lessons for everyone who is serving the cause of religious preaching and public welfare. In response to the honest call and advice of these messengers, the polytheists had said three things: 1. You are human beings like us. Why should we do what you ask us to do? 2. Allah, the Rahman has not sent any message and book to anyone. 3. You are plain liars. Just think about it. What sort of reply would this hard talk deserve? Particularly so, when it was in answer to words of selfless good counsel? But, imagine what these messengers said. They said no more than: رَ‌بُّنَا يَعْلَمُ إِنَّا إِلَيْكُمْ لَمُرْ‌سَلُونَ (Our Lord knows that we have been sent to you). And they said: مَا عَلَيْنَا إِلَّا الْبَلَاغُ الْمُبِينُ (Our obligation is no more than to convey the message clearly." ) which amounts to saying, We had a duty to do. This we have done. We have spoken plainly and clearly making the message of Allah clear to you. From this point onwards, the choice is yours - you may or may not accept it.' Nothing in their speech has any reflection of the heated remarks made by their addressees. Indeed, their reply is kind and reflecting goodwill for them. After that, these people became more aggressive. They said, "We take you as a bad omen for us. If you do not desist, we will certainly stone you, and you will be subjected to a painful punishment from us. (36:18) The answer that they deserved was: 'You yourself are the wretched ones and this is because of the nemesis of your own deeds.' But, these messengers said it briefly without alluding to their wretchedness openly and directly. In fact, they said: طَائِرُ‌كُم مَّعَكُمْ our bad omen is with your selves). Then, they returned to the same soft approach and said: أَئِن ذُكِّرْ‌تُم ([ Do you take it as bad omen ] if you are given a good counsel? which amounts to saying: Would you just think about it? Have we done anything against you? What we have done here is no more than give you some good counsel in your interest. Yes, they did make the gravest of their remark when they said: بَلْ أَنتُمْ قَوْمٌ مُّسْرِ‌فُونَ (Rather, you are a people who cross all limits." ) which amounted to saying that their remarks were out of context, not limited to what was being said. That was a dialogue featuring these messengers. Now, let us turn to what a neo-believer who responded to the invitation of these messengers has to say to his people. He started by telling his people two things, and then invited them to listen to the messengers and accept their good counsel. The first thing he said was: Just imagine, here are these people coming to you from a far place only to give you some good counsel. They are taking care of themselves while bearing by the hardships of travel to and stay at a place that is not their home, yet they are not asking you for anything in return. This is something unusual, and by itself invites an honest person to think. These are selfless people. Why not listen to them? Why not give it a little thought? The second thing is about what they are saying. And what they are saying is reasonable, pure and simple, just and right. If not this, what else could guide anyone to the true path? After that, since the purpose was to warn his people against their error and straying, it was said: You have forsaken your Creator who is powerful over everything and, in His place, you have taken to gods you have carved out yourself, assuming that they will give you what you need. Why does it not occur to you that they, on their own, can do nothing for you, nor do they have any access to Allah by virtue of which they could ask Him to do what you need to be done? It will be noticed that Habib Najjar did not attribute all these things to them, rather, gave it the form of attributing it to his own self, something like saying, 'If I were to do so, it would really be a grave error' and he said: وَمَا لِيَ لَا أَعْبُدُ الَّذِي فَطَرَ‌نِي (And what excuse do I have if I do not worship the One who has created me...). This he said so that the adversary might not be enraged, rather, should think about it with a cool mind. After that, when his people remained unmoved by his soft pleas, even threatened to kill him, even then, he uttered no word of curse against them, rather, surrendered his life saying nothing but: رَبِّ اھدِ قَومِی (My Lord, show my people the right way). Far too strange is what happened after this oppressed martyr saw the blessings and rewards given to him by Allah in the Paradise. Even at that time, he remembered nobody but his own unjust people and, still filled with goodwill for them, he wished that somehow his people were to know how generously he was welcomed in Paradise - may be, they would abandon their ways of disbelief and started sharing the blessings of Paradise with him! SubhanAllah, the love and concern for the creatures of Allah run through their blood despite that they are treated unjustly. This is one thing that has changed the destinies of nations, taking them out of the darkness of disbelief and error, and blessing them with a station that even angels envy them. In our time, da'wah workers have generally abandoned this prophetic way, therefore, their call and communication have lost effectiveness. Betraying anger and making damaging comments against the adversary are supposed to be master strokes in lectures and sermons while, in reality, such tactics push the adversary to more hardened stances of doggedness and hostility. 0 Allah make us follow the way of prophets and bless us with the good fortune of doing what you like and are pleased with.

(With what (munificence) my Lord hath pardoned me) through believing in Allah's divine Oneness (and made me of the honoured ones) in Paradise, through the reward He bestowed upon me because of the testification of �there is no deity except Allah!�