Ya Sin, Ya-Seen — Verse 5

Which was revealed in Makkah The Virtues of Surah Ya Sin Al-Hafiz Abu Ya`la recorded that Abu Hurayrah, may Allah be pleased with him, said, "The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: «مَنْ قَرَأَ يس فِي لَيْلَةٍ أَصْبَحَ مَغْفُورًا لَهُ، وَمَنْ قَرَأَ حم الَّتِي يُذْكَرُ فِيهَا الدُّخَانُ أَصْبَحَ مَغْفُورًا لَه» (Whoever recites Ya Sin in the night, will wake up forgiven, and whoever recites Ha Mim in which Ad-Dukhan (the Smoke) is mentioned, will wake up forgiven.) Its chain of narration is good (Jayyid) . Ibn Hibban recorded in his Sahih that Jundub bin `Abdullah, may Allah be pleased with him, said, "The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: «مَنْ قَرَأَ يس فِي لَيْلَةٍ ابْتِغَاءَ وَجْهِ اللهِ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ غُفِرَ لَه» (Whoever recites Ya Sin in the night, seeking the Face of Allah, will be forgiven.) بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَـنِ الرَّحِيمِ In the Name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. The Messenger was sent as a Warner We have already discussed the individual letters at the beginning of Surat Al-Baqarah. وَالْقُرْءَانِ الْحَكِيمِ (By the Qur'an, full of wisdom) means, Al-Muhkam (perfect) which falsehood cannot come to from before it or behind it. إِنَّكَ (Truly, you) means, O Muhammad, لَمِنَ الْمُرْسَلِينَعَلَى صِرَطٍ مُّسْتَقِيمٍ (are one of the Messengers, on the straight path.) means, following a straight methodology and religion, and an upright Law. تَنزِيلَ الْعَزِيزِ الرَّحِيمِ (Sent down by the Almighty, the Most Merciful.) means, this path which you have brought is a revelation from the Lord of might Who is Most Merciful to His believing servants. This is like the Ayah: وَكَذَلِكَ أَوْحَيْنَآ إِلَيْكَ رُوحاً مِّنْ أَمْرِنَا مَا كُنتَ تَدْرِى مَا الْكِتَـبُ وَلاَ الإِيمَـنُ وَلَـكِن جَعَلْنَـهُ نُوراً نَّهْدِى بِهِ مَن نَّشَآءُ مِنْ عِبَادِنَا وَإِنَّكَ لَتَهْدِى إِلَى صِرَطٍ مُّسْتَقِيمٍ - صِرَطِ اللَّهِ الَّذِى لَهُ مَا فِى السَّمَـوَتِ وَمَا فِى الاٌّرْضِ أَلاَ إِلَى اللَّهِ تَصِيرُ الاٍّمُورُ (And verily, you are indeed guiding (mankind) to the straight path. The path of Allah to Whom belongs all that is in the heavens and all that is on the earth. Verily, to Allah all matters return.) (42:52-53). لِتُنذِرَ قَوْماً مَّآ أُنذِرَ ءَابَآؤُهُمْ فَهُمْ غَـفِلُونَ (In order that you may warn a people whose forefathers were not warned, so they are heedless.) This refers to the Arabs, for no warner had come to them before him. The fact that they alone are mentioned does not mean that others are excluded, just as mentioning some individuals does not mean that all others are excluded. We have already mentioned the Ayat and Mutawatir Hadiths which state that the mission of the Prophet is universal, when we discussed the meaning of the Ayah: قُلْ يَأَيُّهَا النَّاسُ إِنِّى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ إِلَيْكُمْ جَمِيعًا (Say: "O mankind! Verily, I am sent to you all as the Messenger of Allah.") (7:158). لَقَدْ حَقَّ الْقَوْلُ عَلَى أَكْثَرِهِمْ (Indeed the Word has proved true against most of them,) Ibn Jarir said, "The punishment has become inevitable for most of them, because Allah has decreed in the Mother of the Book (Al-Lawh Al-Mahfuz) that they will not believe. فَهُمْ لاَ يُؤْمِنُونَ (so they will not believe. ) in Allah, or in His Messengers.

A revelation from the Mighty in His kingdom the Merciful to His creatures tanzīla’l-‘azīzi’l-rahīm is the predicate of an implicit subject namely al-qur’ān

The sending down of the Exalted, the Ever-Merciful. This Qur'an has been sent down by a Lord whose name is the Exalted and the Ever-Merciful. The Exalted is He whom it is difficult to perceive. God is exalted in the sense that there is no perceiving Him; understandings and imaginations do not reach the core of His majesty. The Pir of the Tariqah said, “O found without being perceived and O face-to-face without be- ing seen! O apparent in hiddenness and hidden in apparentness! Finding You is a day that comes forth suddenly by itself. He who finds You busies himself with neither happiness nor grief. Com- plete for us the work that cannot be expressed!” The sending down of the Exalted, the Ever-Merciful. He is both exalted and ever-merciful- exalted for the estranged and ever-merciful toward the faithful. Were He exalted and not ever- merciful, no one would ever find Him, and were He ever-merciful and not exalted, everyone would find Him. He is the exalted so that the unbelievers will not know Him in this world and the ever- merciful so that the faithful will see Him in the afterworld.

The sending down of the Exalted, the Ever-Merciful. This Qur'an has been sent down by a Lord whose name is the Exalted and the Ever-Merciful. The Exalted is He whom it is difficult to perceive. God is exalted in the sense that there is no perceiving Him; understandings and imaginations do not reach the core of His majesty. The Pir of the Tariqah said, “O found without being perceived and O face-to-face without be- ing seen! O apparent in hiddenness and hidden in apparentness! Finding You is a day that comes forth suddenly by itself. He who finds You busies himself with neither happiness nor grief. Com- plete for us the work that cannot be expressed!” The sending down of the Exalted, the Ever-Merciful. He is both exalted and ever-merciful- exalted for the estranged and ever-merciful toward the faithful. Were He exalted and not ever- merciful, no one would ever find Him, and were He ever-merciful and not exalted, everyone would find Him. He is the exalted so that the unbelievers will not know Him in this world and the ever- merciful so that the faithful will see Him in the afterworld.

The sending down of the Exalted, the Ever-Merciful. This Qur'an has been sent down by a Lord whose name is the Exalted and the Ever-Merciful. The Exalted is He whom it is difficult to perceive. God is exalted in the sense that there is no perceiving Him; understandings and imaginations do not reach the core of His majesty. The Pir of the Tariqah said, “O found without being perceived and O face-to-face without be- ing seen! O apparent in hiddenness and hidden in apparentness! Finding You is a day that comes forth suddenly by itself. He who finds You busies himself with neither happiness nor grief. Com- plete for us the work that cannot be expressed!” The sending down of the Exalted, the Ever-Merciful. He is both exalted and ever-merciful- exalted for the estranged and ever-merciful toward the faithful. Were He exalted and not ever- merciful, no one would ever find Him, and were He ever-merciful and not exalted, everyone would find Him. He is the exalted so that the unbelievers will not know Him in this world and the ever- merciful so that the faithful will see Him in the afterworld.

The sending down of the Exalted, the Ever-Merciful. This Qur'an has been sent down by a Lord whose name is the Exalted and the Ever-Merciful. The Exalted is He whom it is difficult to perceive. God is exalted in the sense that there is no perceiving Him; understandings and imaginations do not reach the core of His majesty. The Pir of the Tariqah said, “O found without being perceived and O face-to-face without be- ing seen! O apparent in hiddenness and hidden in apparentness! Finding You is a day that comes forth suddenly by itself. He who finds You busies himself with neither happiness nor grief. Com- plete for us the work that cannot be expressed!” The sending down of the Exalted, the Ever-Merciful. He is both exalted and ever-merciful- exalted for the estranged and ever-merciful toward the faithful. Were He exalted and not ever- merciful, no one would ever find Him, and were He ever-merciful and not exalted, everyone would find Him. He is the exalted so that the unbelievers will not know Him in this world and the ever- merciful so that the faithful will see Him in the afterworld.

The sending down of the Exalted, the Ever-Merciful.This Qur'an has been sent down by a Lord whose name is the Exalted and the Ever-Merciful. The Exalted is He whom it is difficult to perceive. God is exalted in the sense that there is no perceiving Him; understandings and imaginations do not reach the core of His majesty.The Pir of the Tariqah said, �O found without being perceived and O face-to-face without be- ing seen! O apparent in hiddenness and hidden in apparentness! Finding You is a day that comes forth suddenly by itself. He who finds You busies himself with neither happiness nor grief. Com- plete for us the work that cannot be expressed!�The sending down of the Exalted, the Ever-Merciful. He is both exalted and ever-merciful- exalted for the estranged and ever-merciful toward the faithful. Were He exalted and not ever- merciful, no one would ever find Him, and were He ever-merciful and not exalted, everyone would find Him. He is the exalted so that the unbelievers will not know Him in this world and the ever- merciful so that the faithful will see Him in the afterworld.

هذا القرآن تنزيل العزيز في انتقامه من أهل الكفر والمعاصي، الرحيم بمن تاب من عباده وعمل صالحًا.

"تنزيل العزيز الرحيم" أي هذا الصراط والمنهج والدين الذي جئت به تنزيل من رب العزة الرحيم بعباده المؤمنين كما قال تعالى: "وإنك لتهدي إلى صراط مستقيم صراط الله الذي له ما في السموات وما في الأرض ألا إلى الله تصير الأمور".

ثم مدح - سبحانه - كتابه بمدائح أخرى فقال : ( تَنزِيلَ العزيز الرحيم ) وقد قرأ بعض القراء السبعة : ( تنزيل ) بالنصب على المدح ، أو على المصدرية لفعل محذوف . أى : نزل الله - تعالى - القرآن تنزيل العزيز الرحيم .وقرأ البعض الآخر : ( تنزيل ) بالرفع على أنه خبر لمبتدأ محذوف . أى : هذا القرآن هو تنزيل العزيز - الذى لا يغلبه غالب - ، الرحيم أى الواسع الرحمة بعباده .

القول في تأويل قوله تعالى : تَنْزِيلَ الْعَزِيزِ الرَّحِيمِ (5)اختلف القراء في قراءة قوله ( تَنـزيلَ الْعَزِيزِ الرَّحِيمِ ) فقرأته عامة قراء المدينة والبصرة (تَنـزيلُ الْعَزِيزِ) برفع " تنـزيل " ، والرفع في ذلك يتجه من وجهين؛ أحدهما بأن يجعل خبرًا، فيكون معنى الكلام: إنه تنـزيل العزيز الرحيم. والآخر: بالابتداء، فيكون معنى الكلام حينئذٍ : إنك لمن المرسلين، هذا تنـزيل العزيز الرحيم. وقرأته عامة قراء الكوفة وبعض أهل الشام (تَنـزيلَ) نصبًا على المصدر من قوله إِنَّكَ لَمِنَ الْمُرْسَلِينَ لأن الإرسال إنما هو عن التنـزيل، فكأنه قيل: لمنـزل تنـزيل العزيز الرحيم حقًّا.والصواب من القول في ذلك عندي أنهما قراءتان مشهورتان في قراء الأمصار، متقاربتا المعنى، فبأيتهما قرأ القارئ فمصيب الصواب. ومعنى الكلام: إنك لمن المرسلين يا محمد إرسال الرب العزيز في انتقامه من أهل الكفر به، الرحيم بمن تاب إليه، وأناب من كفره وفسوقه أن يعاقبه على سالف جرمه بعد توبته له .

( تنزيل العزيز الرحيم ) قرأ ابن عامر ، وحمزة ، والكسائي ، وحفص : " تنزيل " بنصب اللام كأنه قال : نزل تنزيلا ، وقرأ الآخرون بالرفع ، أي : هو تنزيل العزيز الرحيم .

تَنْزِيلَ الْعَزِيزِ الرَّحِيمِ (5) راجع إلى { القرآن الحكيم } [ يس : 2 ] إذ هو المنزل من عند الله ، فبعد أن استوفى القسم جوابه رجع الكلام إلى بعض المقصود من القسم وهو تشريف المقسم به فوسم بأنه { تنزيل العزيز الرحيم } .وقد قرأه الجمهور بالرفع على أنه خبر مبتدأ محذوف للعلم به ، وهذا من مواقع حذف المسند إليه الذي سماه السكاكي الحذف الجاري على متابعة الاستعمال في أمثاله . وذلك أنهم إذا أجروا حديثاً على شيء ثم أخبروا عنه التزموا حذف ضميره الذي هو مسند إليه إشارة إلى التنويه به كأنه لا يخفى كقول إبراهيم الصّولي ، أو عبد الله بن الزَّبير الأَسدي أو محمد بن سعيد الكاتب ، وهي من أبيات الحماسة في باب الأضياف :سأشكر عَمْراً إن تراختْ منيتي ... أيَاديَ لم تمنن وإن هي جَلّتِفتىً غيرُ محجوب الغنى عن صديقه ... ولاَ مظهرِ الشكوى إذ النعل زلَّتِتقديره : هو فتى .وقرأه ابن عامر وحمزة والكسائي وحفص عن عاصم وخلف بنصب { تنزيل } على تقدير : أعني . والمعنى : أعني من قسمي قرآناً نَزَّلتُه ، وتلك العناية زيادة في التنويه بشأنه وهي تعادل حذف المسند إليه الذي في قراءة الرفع .والتنزيل : مصدر بمعنى المفعول أخبر عنه بالمصدر للمبالغة في تحقيق كونه منزلاً .وأضيف التنزيل إلى الله بعنوان صفتي { العزيز الرحيم } لأن ما اشتمل عليه القرآن لا يعدُو أن يكون من آثار عزة الله تعالى ، وهو ما فيه من حمل الناس على الحق وسلوك طريق الهدى دون مصانعة ولا ضعف مع ما فيه من الإِنذار والوعيد على العصيان والكفران .

وهذا الصراط المستقيم { تَنْزِيلَ الْعَزِيزِ الرَّحِيمِ } فهو الذي أنزل به كتابه، وأنزله طريقا لعباده، موصلا لهم إليه، فحماه بعزته عن التغيير والتبديل، ورحم به عباده رحمة اتصلت بهم، حتى أوصلتهم إلى دار رحمته، ولهذا ختم الآية بهذين الاسمين الكريمين: العزيز. الرحيم.

قوله تعالى : تنزيل العزيز الرحيم قرأ ابن عامر وحفص والأعمش ويحيى وحمزة والكسائي وخلف : " تنزيل " بنصب اللام على المصدر ، أي نزل الله ذلك تنزيلا . وأضاف المصدر فصار معرفة ، كقوله : فضرب الرقاب أي فضربا للرقاب . الباقون " تنزيل " بالرفع على خبر ابتداء محذوف ، أي هو تنزيل ، أو الذي أنزل إليك تنزيل العزيز الرحيم . هذا وقرئ : " تنزيل " بالجر على البدل من " القرآن " والتنزيل يرجع إلى القرآن . وقيل : إلى النبي - صلى الله عليه وسلم - ، أي إنك لمن المرسلين ، وإنك تنزيل العزيز الرحيم . فالتنزيل على هذا بمعنى الإرسال ، قال الله تعالى : قد أنزل الله إليكم ذكرا رسولا يتلو عليكم ويقال : أرسل الله المطر وأنزله بمعنى . ومحمد - صلى الله عليه وسلم - رحمة الله أنزلها من السماء . ومن نصب قال : إنك لمن المرسلين إرسالا من العزيز الرحيم . و " العزيز " : المنتقم ممن خالفه ، " الرحيم " : بأهل طاعته .

The Quran itself is the proof of Muhammad being the Prophet of God. The Quran calls mankind towards the right path, i.e. the path of righteousness. None of its contents clash with reason and nature. Even fifteen hundred years after the Quran was first revealed, nothing has been detected in it which can be called as irrational or unnatural. This distinct characteristic of the Quran is the greatest proof of its being the book of God. ‘So that you may warn a people.’ Here, ‘people’ refers to the Children of Isma‘il. Every prophet is raised primarily to address his contemporaries. Accordingly, the first addressees of the Prophet Muhammad were his own tribesmen. But although the institution of prophethood ended with him, the Prophethood of Muhammad shall continue until Doomsday—the difference being that, with the Children of Isma‘il, he personally and directly fulfilled his mission, while in respect of all other nations after him, the task of giving the call and fulfilling the mission shall have to be performed by his followers.

Commentary The Merits of Surah Ya Sin Sayyidna Ma'qil Ibn Yasar ؓ narrates that the Holy Prophet ﷺ said: یٰسٓ قَلبُ القُرآن (Surah Ya Sin is the heart of the Qur'an) and some words of this Hadith tell us that a person who recites Surah Ya Sin exclusively for the sake of Allah and the 'Akhirah is forgiven, and that it should be recited over the dead among us (reported by Ahmad and Abu Dawud and an-Nas'i and Ibn Hibban and al-Hakim and others - as in Ruh-ul-Ma’ ani and al-Mazhari). Imam al-Ghazzali said that one reason for calling Surah Ya Sin the heart of the Qur'an could be that, in this Surah, themes relating to the Day of Judgment and the Resurrection have appeared with particular details and eloquent presentation. Then, out of the principles of faith, there is the belief in the Hereafter, something on which depends the soundness of human deeds. The fear of the Hereafter makes one ready for good deeds and this is what stops one from indulging in desires that are impermissible and things that are unlawful. So, the way soundness of the body depends on the soundness of the heart, similarly the soundness of the faith ('Iman) depends on the concern for the Hereafter (Ruh). And the way Ya Sin is a well recognized name of this Surah, it is named in a Hadith also as ` Azimah (reported by Abu Nasr as-Sajazi from Sayyidah ` A'ishah ؓ . And according to another Hadith the name of this Surah has appeared in Torah as مُعِمَّۃ (Mu'immah), that is, a Surah that universalizes its blessings in worldly life and in the Hereafter for its readers, and the name of its reader has been given as Ash-Sharif, and it was said that his intercession on the Day of Judgment will be accepted for a number of people that would exceed the number of people in the tribe of Rabi'ah (reported by Said Ibn Mansur and al-Baihaqi from Hassan Ibn ` Atiyyah) and in some narrations, its name has also been cited as مُدَافَعَۃ (mudafiah) that is, it removes misfortunes from its readers, while some others mention it by the name قاضِیۃ (Qadiyah) that is, the caretaker of needs (Ruh-ul- Ma’ ani). And narration of Sayyidna Abu Dharr al-Ghifari ؓ says: The reciting of Surah Ya Sin near a dying person makes the ordeal of death easy on him (reported by ad-Dailami and Ibn Hibban - Mazhari). And Sayyidna ` Abdullah Ibn Zubayr ؓ said: Whoever puts Surah Ya Sin ahead of his need, his need is fulfilled (reported by al-Mahamili in his 'Amali - Mazhari) And Yahya Ibn Kathir said: Whoever recites Surah Ya Sin in the morning will remain happy until evening and whoever recites it in the evening will be happy until morning and he said that this thing was confided to him by a person who had experienced it (reported by Ibn al-Faris - Mazhari). Ya Sin (يس): According to the well-known position concerning this word, it is one of the 'isolated letters' (al-huruf-ul-muqatta’ at) the knowledge of which rests with Allah alone. Hower, Ibn-ul- ` Arabi has reported that Imam Malik has said that it is one of the names of Allah. And a narration from Sayyidna Ibn ` Abbas ؓ also says that it is one of the Divine Names. And according to another narration, this is a word from the Ethiopian language that means: '0 human person' and denotes the person of the noble Prophet ﷺ . And, it is gathered from a saying of Sayyidna Ibn Jubayr ؓ that the word: Ya Sin is the name of the noble Prophet ﷺ . It appears in Ruh-ul-Ma’ ani that giving the Holy Prophet ﷺ a name composed of these two elegant letters - Ya and Sin - has great secrets behind it. About Giving someone the name: (Ya Sin: written as Yasin): Imam Malik (رح) does not like to name a person as Yasin for the reason that, according to him, it is one of the Divine Names and its exact meaning remains unknown. Therefore, it is possible that it may have some meaning that is exclusive to Allah Ta’ ala, and nobody is allowed to have that name, for example: اَلخَالق (al-khaliq: The Creator), اَلرَّازِق (ar-raziq: The Provider-Sustainer) and other names of this nature. Still, if this word is written with a script that reads: (Yasin), it is permissible to give that name to a human being, because the Qur'an says: سَلَامٌ عَلَىٰ إِلْ يَاسِينَ (Peace on Ilyasin or Al Yasin) (Ibn al-'Arabi). The well recognized rendering (qira'ah) of this verse is: إِلْ يَاسِينَ (ilyasin) but, in some renderings, it also appears as: اٰلِ یَاسِین (al-yasin).

(A revelation of the Mighty) He says: the Qur'an is the Word of the Mighty in His retribution against those who disbelieve in Him, (the Merciful) towards those who believe in Him,