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سَلَـٰمٌ عَلَىٰ نُوحࣲ فِی ٱلۡعَـٰلَمِینَ ۝٧٩
salāmun ʿalā nūḥin fī l-ʿālamīn
Those Who Set The Ranks, Drawn up in Ranks, The Rangers / as-Saffat (37:79)

Abdel Haleem

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‘Peace be upon Noah among all the nations!’
salāmun ʿalā nūḥin fī l-ʿālamīn

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Tafsir Commentary

Nuh and His People When Allah tells us about how most of the early people went astray from the path of salvation, He starts the detailed explanation of that with the story of Nuh and the rejection of his people. Only a few of Nuh's people believed in him, despite the long period of time he spent among them. He stayed among them for one thousand years less fifty, and after he stayed among them for so long and their disbelief became too much for him to bear -- for every time he called them, they turned away from him even more -- he prayed to his Lord saying, "I have been overcome, so help (me)!" So Allah became angry because Nuh was angry with them. He says: وَلَقَدْ نَادَانَا نُوحٌ فَلَنِعْمَ الْمُجِيبُونَ (And indeed Nuh invoked Us, and We are the best of those who answer.) وَنَجَّيْنَـهُ وَأَهْلَهُ مِنَ الْكَرْبِ الْعَظِيمِ (And We rescued him and his family from the great distress.) means, their disbelief and their insults. وَجَعَلْنَا ذُرِّيَّتَهُ هُمُ الْبَـقِينَ (And, his progeny, them We made the survivors.) `Ali bin Abi Talhah reported that Ibn `Abbas, may Allah be pleased with him, "There was no one left apart from the offspring of Nuh, peace be upon him." Sa`id bin Abi `Arubah said, narrating from Qatadah concerning the Ayah, وَجَعَلْنَا ذُرِّيَّتَهُ هُمُ الْبَـقِينَ (And, his progeny, them We made the survivors.) "All people descended from the offspring of Nuh, peace be upon him." At-Tirmidhi, Ibn Jarir and Ibn Abi Hatim narrated from Samurah, may Allah be pleased with him, that the Prophet said, concerning the Ayah, وَجَعَلْنَا ذُرِّيَّتَهُ هُمُ الْبَـقِينَ (And, his progeny, them We made the survivors): «سَامُ، وَحَامُ، وَيَافِث» (Sam, Ham and Yafith.) Imam Ahmad recorded from Samurah, may Allah be pleased with him, that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: «سَامُ أَبُو الْعَرَبِ، وَحَامُ أَبُو الْحَبَشِ، وَيَافِثُ أَبُو الرُّوم» (Sam was the father of the Arabs, Ham was the father of the Ethiopians and Yafith was the father of the Romans.)" This was also recorded by At-Tirmidhi. What is meant here by Romans is the original Romans, i.e., the Greeks who claimed descent from Ruma (Roma) the son of Liti, the son of Yunan, the son of Yafith, the son of Nuh, peace be upon him. وَتَرَكْنَا عَلَيْهِ فِى الاٌّخِرِينَ (And left for him among the later generations. ) Ibn `Abbas, may Allah be pleased with him, said, "He is remembered in a good way." Mujahid said this means "An honorable mention by all the Prophets." Qatadah and As-Suddi said, "Allah caused him to be praised constantly by others." Ad-Dahhak said it means "Salam and praise." سَلَـمٌ عَلَى نُوحٍ فِى الْعَـلَمِينَ (Salam (peace!) be upon Nuh among the all creatures!) This explains for us the extent of the honorable mention and praise, for he is greeted with peace by all groups and nations. إِنَّا كَذَلِكَ نَجْزِى الْمُحْسِنِينَ (Verily, thus We reward the gooddoers.) means, `This is how We reward those of Our servants who do deeds of obedience to Allah. We gave him an honorable mention so that after he died he is still remembered in a manner that befits his status.' Then Allah says: إِنَّهُ مِنْ عِبَادِنَا الْمُؤْمِنِينَ (Verily, he Nuh was one of Our believing servants.) meaning, one of the sincere believers in the Oneness of Allah, one of those who had certain faith. ثُمَّ أَغْرَقْنَا الاٌّخَرِينَ (Then We drowned the others. ) means, `We destroyed them, and there was no trace whatsoever left of them, and they are only known by this unfavorable description.'
‘Peace from Us be to Noah among the worlds!’
أمان لنوح وسلامة له من أن يُذْكر بسوء في الآخِرين، بل تُثني عليه الأجيال من بعده.
مفسر لما أبقى عليه من الذكر الجميل والثناء الحسن أنه يسلم عليه في جميع الطوائف والأمم.
سلام على نوح فى العالمين: أى تحية وأمان وثناء جميل على نوح فى العالمين .
وقوله ( سَلامٌ عَلَى نُوحٍ فِي الْعَالَمِينَ ) يقول: أمنة من الله لنوح في العالمين أن يذكره أحد بسوء; وسلام مرفوع بعلى. وقد كان بعض أهل العربية من أهل الكوفة يقول: معناه: وتركنا عليه في الآخرين، ( سَلامٌ عَلَى نُوحٍ ) أي تركنا عليه هذه الكلمة، كما تقول: قرأت من القرآن الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ رَبِّ الْعَالَمِينَ فتكون الجملة في معنى نصب، وترفعها باللام، كذلك سلام على نوح ترفعه بعلى، وهو في تأويل نصب، قال: ولو كان: تركنا عليه سلاما، كان صوابا.
( سلام على نوح في العالمين ) أي : سلام عليه منا في العالمين ] وقيل : أي تركنا عليه في الآخرين أن يصلى عليه إلى يوم القيامة .
سَلَامٌ عَلَى نُوحٍ فِي الْعَالَمِينَ (79) وجملة { سَلامٌ على نُوححٍ في العالَمِينَ } إنشاء ثناء الله على نوح وتحية له ومعناه لازم التحية وهو الرضى والتقريب ، وهو نعمة سادسة . وتنوين { سَلامٌ } للتعظيم ولذلك شاع الابتداء بالنكرة لأنها كالموصوف .والمراد بالعالمين : الأمم والقرون وهو كناية عن دوام السلام عليه كقوله تعالى : { وسلام عليه يوم ولد ويوم يموت ويوم يبعث حياً } [ مريم : 15 ] في حق عيسى عليه السلام وكقوله :{ سلام على آلْ يَاسينَ } [ الصافات : 130 ] { سلام على إبراهيم } [ الصافات : 109 ] .وفي { العالَمِينَ } حال فهو ظرف مستقر أو خبر ثان عن { سَلامٌ .وذهب الكسائي والفراء والمبرد والزمخشري إلى أن قوله : سَلامٌ على نوح في العالمين } في محلّ مفعول { تركنا } ، أي تركنا عليه هذه الكلمة وهي { سلامٌ على نوححٍ في العالَمِينَ } وهو من الكلام الذي قصدت حكايته كما تقول قرأت { سورة أنزلناها وفرضناها } [ النور : 1 ] ، أي جعلنا الناس يسلمون عليه في جميع الأجيال ، فما ذكروه إلا قالوا : عليه السلام . ومثل ذلك قالوا في نظائرها في هذه الآيات المتعاقبة .وزيد في سَلام نوح في هذه السورة وصْفُه بأنه في العالمين دون السلام على غيره في قصة إبراهيم وموسى وهارون وإلياس للإِشارة إلى أن التنويه بنوح كان سائراً في جميع الأمم لأنهم كلهم ينتمون إليه ويذكرونه ذكر صدق كما قدمناه آنفاً .
وتم الكلام ثم ابتدأ فقال : سلام على نوح أي سلامة له من أن يذكر بسوء في الآخرين . قال الكسائي : وفي قراءة ابن مسعود " سلاما " منصوب ب " تركنا " أي : تركنا عليه ثناء حسنا سلاما . وقيل : في الآخرين أي : في أمة محمد صلى الله عليه وسلم . وقيل : في الأنبياء ، إذ لم يبعث بعده نبي إلا أمر بالاقتداء به ، قال الله تعالى : شرع لكم من الدين ما وصى به نوحا وقال سعيد بن المسيب : وبلغني أنه من قال حين يمسي : سلام على نوح في العالمين لم تلدغه عقرب . ذكره أبو عمر في التمهيد . وفي الموطأ عن خولة بنت حكيم أن رسول الله - صلى الله عليه وسلم - قال : من نزل منزلا فليقل : أعوذ بكلمات الله التامات من شر ما خلق ، فإنه لن يضره شيء حتى يرتحل . وفيه عن أبي هريرة أن رجلا من أسلم قال : ما نمت هذه الليلة ، فقال رسول الله - صلى الله عليه وسلم - : من أي شيء ؟ . فقال : لدغتني عقرب ، فقال رسول الله - صلى الله عليه وسلم - : أما إنك لو قلت حين أمسيت : أعوذ بكلمات الله التامات من شر ما خلق لم تضرك .
When Noah’s own people turned against him, he called upon God to help him in his struggle with them. God helped him to steer clear of his difficulties. This indicates that when a subject of God calls out to Him, he receives a superlative response. But such response succeeds a tireless strife of the implorer. Noah had been trying to spread the message of God for about nine hundred and fifty years, exercising patience, wisdom and all along wishing well for his people. After a long period of time elapsed in this way, Noah finally called out to God for His succour. Noah’s opponents were utterly destroyed in a terrible flood: indeed, the whole race was wiped out. The succeeding generation came into existence through those few individuals who were saved along with him in his ark.
In verses 78 and 79, it was said: وَتَرَ‌كْنَا عَلَيْهِ فِي الْآخِرِ‌ينَ سَلَامٌ عَلَىٰ نُوحٍ فِي الْعَالَمِينَ (And We left for him (a word of praise) among the later people, (that is): Salam be on Nuh (علیہ السلام) among [ the people on all the worlds.). It means that, in the sight of those who were born after Sayyidna Nuh (علیہ السلام) he was made so revered that they would continue praying for his peace and well-being right through the last day of the Qiyamah. As such, this is how it actually happened. All religions with attribution to Divine Scriptures subscribe to the mission of Sayyidna Nuh (علیہ السلام) as a prophet and hold him in great reverence. In addition to Muslims, even Jews and Christians regard him as being their spiritual leader.
(Peace be unto Noah) safety and happiness from Us unto Noah (among the peoples) of his time!