The Bee — Verse 29
16:29 · an-Nahl
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فَٱدۡخُلُوۤا۟ أَبۡوَ ٰبَ جَهَنَّمَ خَـٰلِدِینَ فِیهَاۖ فَلَبِئۡسَ مَثۡوَى ٱلۡمُتَكَبِّرِینَ ٢٩
fa-ud'khulū abwāba jahannama khālidīna fīhā falabi'sa mathwā l-mutakabirīn
The Bee / an-Nahl (16:29)
Connections 5 single-source 1 commentator
Multi-source connections
No verses on this ayah are cited by 2 or more commentators using numeric S:A notation. All extracted references come from a single source's commentary.
Single-source mentions (5) cited by only one commentator
By commentator who cites how many verses on this ayah
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Tafsir Ibn Kathir (abridged) 5 verses
Note: these connections are extracted from numeric S:A references inside the commentary text and are therefore biased toward mufassirun who use that notation. Prose-style references (e.g. "Surat al-Baqarah verse 30") will be added later, which should surface additional multi-source consensus.
so enter the gates of Hell. There you will remain- the home of the arrogant is evil indeed.’
fa-ud'khulū abwāba jahannama khālidīna fīhā falabi'sa mathwā l-mutakabirīn
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Tafsir Commentary
The Condition of the Disbeliever during and after Death
Allah informs us of the state of the idolators who are doing wrong to themselves when death approaches and the angels come to seize their evil souls.
فَأَلْقَوُاْ السَّلَمَ
(Then, they will (falsely) submit) meaning, they will make it appear as if they used to listen and obey by saying,
مَا كُنَّا نَعْمَلُ مِن سُوءٍ
(We did not do any evil.) Similarly, on the Day of Resurrection, they will say,
وَاللَّهِ رَبِّنَا مَا كُنَّا مُشْرِكِينَ
(By Allah, our Lord, we were not idolators.) 6:23
يَوْمَ يَبْعَثُهُمُ اللَّهِ جَمِيعاً فَيَحْلِفُونَ لَهُ كَمَا يَحْلِفُونَ لَكُمْ
(On the Day when Allah will resurrect them all together; then they will swear to Him as they swear to you.) 58:18 Allah says, rejecting what they say,
الَّذِينَ تَتَوَفَّـهُمُ الْمَلَـئِكَةُ ظَالِمِى أَنفُسِهِمْ فَأَلْقَوُاْ السَّلَمَ مَا كُنَّا نَعْمَلُ مِن سُوءٍ بَلَى إِنَّ اللَّهَ عَلِيمٌ بِمَا كُنتُمْ تَعْمَلُونَ - فَادْخُلُواْ أَبْوَابَ جَهَنَّمَ خَـلِدِينَ فِيهَا فَلَبِئْسَ مَثْوَى الْمُتَكَبِّرِينَ
("Yes! Truly, Allah is Most Knowing of what you did. So enter the gates of Hell, to abide therein, and indeed, what an evil abode there is for the arrogant.") (16:28-29), meaning, a miserable position in the abode of humiliation for those who were too arrogant to pay atten- tion to the signs of Allah and follow His Messengers. They will enter Hell from the day they die with their souls, and their bodies will feel the heat and hot winds of their graves. When the Day of Resurrec- tion comes, their souls will be reunited with their bodies, to abide forever in the fire of Hell, and
لاَ يُقْضَى عَلَيْهِمْ فَيَمُوتُواْ وَلاَ يُخَفَّفُ عَنْهُمْ مِّنْ عَذَابِهَا
(It will not be complete enough to kill them nor shall its torment be lightened for them.) (35:36) As Allah says,
النَّارُ يُعْرَضُونَ عَلَيْهَا غُدُوّاً وَعَشِيّاً وَيَوْمَ تَقُومُ السَّاعَةُ أَدْخِلُواْ ءَالَ فِرْعَوْنَ أَشَدَّ الْعَذَابِ
(The Fire, they are exposed to it morning and afternoon. And on the Day when the Hour will be established (it will be said to the angels): "Cause Fir'awn's people to enter the severest torment!") (40:46).
And it will also be said to them So enter the gates of Hell to abide therein! Evil indeed is the lodging the abode of the arrogant.
So enter the gates of Hell-fire, of the acts. As for those who guard against acts of disobedience and things that are forbidden, those who halt at [the bounds delimited by] the stipulations of the Law, who acknowledge the affirmation of Oneness and the prophethood by way of imitation, but not by way of verification - for otherwise they would disengage from the attributes of the soul to the station of the heart by means of the knowledge of certainty - those they will be received [in death] by the angels while they are goodly [souls] in the form of their character traits and their beautiful goodly deeds, rejoicing and anticipating good tidings,
So enter the gates of Hell-fire, of the acts. As for those who guard against acts of disobedience and things that are forbidden, those who halt at [the bounds delimited by] the stipulations of the Law, who acknowledge the affirmation of Oneness and the prophethood by way of imitation, but not by way of verification - for otherwise they would disengage from the attributes of the soul to the station of the heart by means of the knowledge of certainty - those they will be received [in death] by the angels while they are goodly [souls] in the form of their character traits and their beautiful goodly deeds, rejoicing and anticipating good tidings,
فادخلوا أبواب جهنم، لا تخرجون منها أبدًا، فلبئست مقرًا للذين تكبَّروا عن الإيمان بالله وعن عبادته وحده وطاعته.
أي بئس المقيل والمقام والمكان من دار هوان لمن كان متكبرا عن آيات الله واتباع رسله وهم يدخلون جهنم من يوم مماتهم بأرواحهم وينال أجسادهم في قبورها من حرها وسمومها فإذا كان يوم القيامة سلكت أرواحهم في أجسادهم وخلدت في نار جهنم "لا يقضى عليهم فيموتوا ولا يخفف عنهم من عذابها" كما قال الله تعالى "النار يعرضون عليها غدوا وعشيا ويوم تقوم الساعة أدخلوا آل فرعون أشد العذاب".
وقد حكى الله - تعالى - عنهم فى آيات أخرى ما يشبه هذا القول ، ومن ذلك قوله - تعالى - : ( ثُمَّ لَمْ تَكُنْ فِتْنَتُهُمْ إِلاَّ أَن قَالُواْ والله رَبِّنَا مَا كُنَّا مُشْرِكِينَ )
يقول تعالى ذكره، يقول لهؤلاء الظلمة أنفسهم حين يقولون لربهم: ما كنا نعمل من سوء: ادخلوا أبواب جهنم، يعني: طبقات جهنم ( خَالِدِينَ فِيهَا ) يعني: ماكثين فيها( فَلَبِئْسَ مَثْوَى الْمُتَكَبِّرِينَ ) يقول: فلبئس منـزل من تكبر على الله ولم يقرّ بربوبيته ، ويصدّق بوحدانيته جهنم.
( فادخلوا ) أي : قال لهم ادخلوا ( أبواب جهنم خالدين فيها فلبئس مثوى المتكبرين ) عن الإيمان .
وتفريع { فادخلوا أبواب جهنم } على إبطال نفيهم عمل السّوء ظاهر ، لأنّ إثبات كونهم كانوا يعملون السّوء يقتضي استحقاقهم العذاب ، وذلك عندما كشف لهم عن مقرّهم الأخير ، كما جاء في الحديث « القبر روضة من رياض الجنّة أو حفرة من حفر النّار » . ونظيره قوله تعالى : { ولو ترى إذ يتوفّى الّذين كفروا الملائكة يضربون وجوههم وأدبارهم وذوقوا عذاب الحريق } [ سورة الأنفال : 50 ].وجملة { فلبئس مثوى المتكبرين } تذييل . يحتمل أن يكون حكاية كلام الملائكة ، والأظهر أنّه من كلام الله الحكاية لا من المحكيّ ، ووصفهم بالمتكبّرين يرجّح ذلك ، فإنّه لربط هذه الصفة بالموصوف في قوله تعالى { قلوبهم منكرة وهم مستكبرون } [ سورة النحل : 22 ]. واللّام الدّاخلة على بئس لام القسم .والمثوى . المرجع . من ثوى إذا رجع ، أو المقام من ثوى إذا أقام . وتقدّم في قوله تعالى : { قال النار مثواكم } في سورة الأنعام ( 128 ).ولم يعبّر عن جهنّم بالدار كما عبّر عن الجنّة فيما يأتي بقوله تعالى : { ولنعم دار المتقين } [ سورة النحل : 30 ] تحقيراً لهم وأنّهم ليسوا في جهنّم بمنزلة أهل الدّار بل هم متراصّون في النار وهم في مثوى ، أي محل ثواء .
{ فادخلوا أبواب جهنم ْ} كلُّ أهل عمل يدخلون من الباب اللائق بحالهم، { فَلَبِئْسَ مَثْوَى الْمُتَكَبِّرِينَ ْ} نار جهنم فإنها مثوى الحسرة والندم، ومنزل الشقاء والألم ومحل الهموم والغموم، وموضع السخط من الحي القيوم، لا يفتَّر عنهم من عذابها، ولا يرفع عنهم يوما من أليم عقابها، قد أعرض عنهم الرب الرحيم، وأذاقهم العذاب العظيم.
قوله تعالى : فادخلوا أبواب جهنم خالدين فيها فلبئس مثوى المتكبرين قوله تعالى : فادخلوا أبواب جهنم أي يقال لهم ذلك عند الموت . وقيل : هو بشارة لهم بعذاب القبر ; إذ هو باب من أبواب جهنم للكافرين . وقيل : لا تصل أهل الدركة الثانية إليها مثلا إلا بدخول الدركة الأولى ثم الثانية ثم الثالثة هكذا . وقيل : لكل دركة باب مفرد ، فالبعض يدخلون من باب والبعض يدخلون من باب آخر . فالله أعلم .خالدين فيها أي ماكثين فيها .فلبئس مثوى أي مقامالمتكبرين الذين تكبروا عن الإيمان وعن عبادة الله - تعالى - ، وقد بينهم بقوله الحق : إنهم كانوا إذا قيل لهم لا إله إلا الله يستكبرون .
Arrogance is the worst crime. God will pardon every wrongdoing of man, but He will not pardon arrogance. Haughtiness expresses itself in two ways. One is that which commonly prevails among God’s subjects. An individual, for example, finds himself better endowed with power, wealth, property and other goods as compared to others and so he starts behaving haughtily towards them. The other more serious type of haughtiness is that which is directed against God’s envoy, who works towards the general call of truth. The true servant of God responds to the call of God’s religion. But those who have attained a high status on the basis of false religion feel that they are adversely affected by this call and that by the standards of true religion, their worth is severely diminished. So they flare up over this and ignore the preacher of Truth in their arrogance. A man behaves haughtily with someone, because he thinks that the other person cannot harm him. But when the angels of death approach and reduce him to helplessness, he will then realise that he had not been dealing with a man but with God. One man can be stronger than another, but who can be stronger than God? When God’s angels take things under their control, then every man will surrender. But a true subject of God is one who surrenders to God before this.
Commentary
It will be recalled that, after describing the blessings of Allah and proving that He was unique in the creation of the universe, the text made a pointed reference to how the polytheists chose to stick to their own ways of error. In the present verses, the text describes how they, not content with their own straying, tried that others should also go astray like them. The punishment they would get for doing that has also been stated here. Earlier to that (24), there is a question about the Qur’ an, and the addressees of the question, at this place, are the polytheists. It is their haughty and ignorant answer which has been mentioned here along with a warning of consequences for this attitude. Then, after five verses (30), the same question has been addressed to believers who fear Allah which is followed by their answer, and where a promise of reward for it has been mentioned.
The Holy Qur'an does not explicitly say as to who asked the question. Therefore, commentators have expressed different views in this matter. Some say that the question was asked by disbelievers. Others say that it was asked by Muslims. Still others take one question to have been asked by the polytheists while the other by Muslims. But, the Holy Qur’ an has kept it ambiguous. This is to indicate that there is no need to are as to where the question came from. What has to be seen is the answer and, more importantly, its ultimate consequence - which, the Qur’ an has it-self chosen to describe.
The essence of the answer given by the polytheists is that they simply refused to acknowledge that there was any word of Allah really revealed from Him. In fact, they dismissed the Qur'an as nothing but tales of people from early ages. Thereupon, the Qur’ an admonished those unjust people for disinforming people about the Qur'an by telling them that it was nothing but the tales of the ancient whereby they make others too go astray like them. As for the consequences, these they shall have to face. It means that the total curse of their sins has to fall on them anyway on the Day of Judgment, but part of the curse of the evil consequences of their role in misguiding others will also fall on them. Then it was said that the burden of sins which these people are piling up on their shoulders is a terribly evil burden.
(So enter the gates of hell, to dwell therein for ever) neither to die nor leave it. (Woeful indeed will be the lodging of the arrogant) the abode of the disbelievers is Gehenna.