Explained in Detail, Revelations Well Expounded — Verse 1
41:1 · Fussilat
Verse display
حمۤ ١
hha-mee
Explained in Detail, Revelations Well Expounded / Fussilat (41:1)
Connections 2 multi-source 6 single-source 4 commentators
Multi-source connections cited by 2+ commentators
Single-source mentions (6) cited by only one commentator
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Q 11:1 (Hud)
cited by
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Q 16:102 (an-Nahl)
cited by
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Q 26:192 (ash-Shu`ara`)
cited by
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Q 26:193 (ash-Shu`ara`)
cited by
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Q 26:194 (ash-Shu`ara`)
cited by
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Q 41:42 (Fussilat)
cited by
By commentator who cites how many verses on this ayah
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Tafsir Ibn Kathir (abridged) 6 verses
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Al-Qushairi Tafsir 2 verses 4 mentions total
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Kashani Tafsir 2 verses 4 mentions total
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Kashf Al-Asrar Tafsir 2 verses
Note: these connections are extracted from numeric S:A references inside the commentary text and are therefore biased toward mufassirun who use that notation. Prose-style references (e.g. "Surat al-Baqarah verse 30") will be added later, which should surface additional multi-source consensus.
Ha Mi
hha-mee
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Qur'an Tools
Tafsir Commentary
Which was revealed in Makkah
بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَـنِ الرَّحِيمِ
In the Name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful.
Description of the Qur'an, and what Those Who turn away from it say.
حـم - تَنزِيلٌ مِّنَ الرَّحْمَنِ الرَّحِيمِ
(Ha Mim. A revelation from the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful.) means, the Qur'an is revealed from the Most Gracious, Most Merciful. This is like the Ayat:
قُلْ نَزَّلَهُ رُوحُ الْقُدُسِ مِن رَّبِّكَ بِالْحَقِّ
(Say Ruh Al-Qudus (Jibril) has brought it down from your Lord with truth) (16:102).
وَإِنَّهُ لَتَنزِيلُ رَبِّ الْعَـلَمِينَ - نَزَلَ بِهِ الرُّوحُ الاٌّمِينُ - عَلَى قَلْبِكَ لِتَكُونَ مِنَ الْمُنْذِرِينَ
(And truly, this is a revelation from the Lord of all that exists, Which the trustworthy Ruh (Jibril) has brought down upon your heart that you may be (one) of the warners.) (26:192-194).
كِتَـبٌ فُصِّلَتْ ءَايَـتُهُ
(A Book whereof the Ayat are explained in detail) means, its meanings are clear and its rulings are sound and wise.
قُرْءَاناً عَرَبِيّاً
(a Qur'an in Arabic) means, because it is a clear Arabic Qur'an, its meanings are precise and detailed and its words are clear and not confusing. This is like the Ayah:
كِتَابٌ أُحْكِمَتْ ءايَـتُهُ ثُمَّ فُصِّلَتْ مِن لَّدُنْ حَكِيمٍ خَبِيرٍ
((This is) a Book, the Ayat whereof are completed, and then explained in detail from One (Allah), Who is All-Wise Well-Acquainted) (11:1). meaning, it is miraculous in its wording and in its meanings.
لاَّ يَأْتِيهِ الْبَـطِلُ مِن بَيْنِ يَدَيْهِ وَلاَ مِنْ خَلْفِهِ تَنزِيلٌ مِّنْ حَكِيمٍ حَمِيدٍ
(Falsehood cannot come to it from before it or behind it, (it is) sent down by the All-Wise, Worthy of all praise.) (41:42).
لِقَوْمٍ يَعْلَمُونَ
(for people who know.) means, this clear style will be readily understood by scholars who are thoroughly versed in knowledge.
بَشِيراً وَنَذِيراً
(Giving glad tidings and warning,) means, sometimes it brings glad tidings to the believers, and sometimes it brings a warning to the disbelievers.
فَأَعْرَضَ أَكْثَرُهُمْ فَهُمْ لاَ يَسْمَعُونَ
(but most of them turn away, so they hear not.) means, most of the Quraysh did not understand anything of it at all, despite the fact that it was so clear.
وَقَالُواْ قُلُوبُنَا فِى أَكِنَّةٍ
(And they say: "Our hearts are under coverings...") meaning, they are wrapped and screened,
مِمَّا تَدْعُونَا إِلَيْهِ وَفِى ءَاذانِنَا وَقْرٌ
(from that to which you invite us; and in our ears is deafness,) means, `we are deaf to the message you bring to us.'
وَمِن بَيْنِنَا وَبَيْنِكَ حِجَابٌ
(and between us and you is a screen,) `so nothing of what you say reaches us.'
فَاعْمَلْ إِنَّنَا عَـمِلُونَ
(so work you (on your way); verily, we are working) means, go your way, and we will go our way, and we will not follow you.
Hā mīm God knows best what He means by these letters.
ḤāÌ Mīm In other words, all that will come to be has been decreed [Ḥumm]. God is saying: “Whatever is be-able has come to be, whatever is doable I have done, whatever is runable I have run, whatever is choosable I have chosen, whatever is acceptable I have accepted, whatever is liftable I have lifted, whatever is throwable I have thrown. Whatever I wanted, I did; whatever I want, I do. When I have accepted someone, I do not look at the disloyalty I see from him. Rather, I pardon and pass over. I do not turn away from what I have said. With Me the word does not change [50:29].” The Pir of the Tariqah said, “O God, the whole world wants You. What does the work is what You want. Happy is the one You want, for even if he turns back from You, You will be waiting in his road.” O chevalier! Whomever He wanted He wanted in the Beginningless, and whomever He ca- ressed, He caressed in the Beginningless. He did the work in the Beginningless, and today He shows what He did. He spoke the words in the Beginningless, and today He lets you hear the spo- ken words. He sewed the robes of honor in the Beginningless, and today He conveys them: Each day He is upon some task [55:29]. “My servant, you know Me today, but I am not of today. Your knowledge is today; but I am eternal. For some time I have been speaking to you of the mysteries, but you hear now. In the Beginningless I made the eternal hearing your deputy in listening to the beginningless word. In the Beginningless I made the eternal knowledge your deputy in knowing the beginningless attributes. When a guardian has an infant's property, he has it as the infant's deputy. When the infant reaches adulthood, he gives the property back to him. You were the infants of nonexistence. The eternal gentleness took care of your work and acted as your deputy. O you who await the arrival of Our gentleness! O you who look for the marks bearing witness to Our Unseen! Nothing drives friend- ship into your heart other than the ruling power of Our secret. No one strikes the knocker on the door of your heart other than the messenger of Our kindness.”
ḤāÌ Mīm In other words, all that will come to be has been decreed [Ḥumm]. God is saying: “Whatever is be-able has come to be, whatever is doable I have done, whatever is runable I have run, whatever is choosable I have chosen, whatever is acceptable I have accepted, whatever is liftable I have lifted, whatever is throwable I have thrown. Whatever I wanted, I did; whatever I want, I do. When I have accepted someone, I do not look at the disloyalty I see from him. Rather, I pardon and pass over. I do not turn away from what I have said. With Me the word does not change [50:29].” The Pir of the Tariqah said, “O God, the whole world wants You. What does the work is what You want. Happy is the one You want, for even if he turns back from You, You will be waiting in his road.” O chevalier! Whomever He wanted He wanted in the Beginningless, and whomever He ca- ressed, He caressed in the Beginningless. He did the work in the Beginningless, and today He shows what He did. He spoke the words in the Beginningless, and today He lets you hear the spo- ken words. He sewed the robes of honor in the Beginningless, and today He conveys them: Each day He is upon some task [55:29]. “My servant, you know Me today, but I am not of today. Your knowledge is today; but I am eternal. For some time I have been speaking to you of the mysteries, but you hear now. In the Beginningless I made the eternal hearing your deputy in listening to the beginningless word. In the Beginningless I made the eternal knowledge your deputy in knowing the beginningless attributes. When a guardian has an infant's property, he has it as the infant's deputy. When the infant reaches adulthood, he gives the property back to him. You were the infants of nonexistence. The eternal gentleness took care of your work and acted as your deputy. O you who await the arrival of Our gentleness! O you who look for the marks bearing witness to Our Unseen! Nothing drives friend- ship into your heart other than the ruling power of Our secret. No one strikes the knocker on the door of your heart other than the messenger of Our kindness.”
ḤāÌ Mīm In other words, all that will come to be has been decreed [Ḥumm]. God is saying: “Whatever is be-able has come to be, whatever is doable I have done, whatever is runable I have run, whatever is choosable I have chosen, whatever is acceptable I have accepted, whatever is liftable I have lifted, whatever is throwable I have thrown. Whatever I wanted, I did; whatever I want, I do. When I have accepted someone, I do not look at the disloyalty I see from him. Rather, I pardon and pass over. I do not turn away from what I have said. With Me the word does not change [50:29].” The Pir of the Tariqah said, “O God, the whole world wants You. What does the work is what You want. Happy is the one You want, for even if he turns back from You, You will be waiting in his road.” O chevalier! Whomever He wanted He wanted in the Beginningless, and whomever He ca- ressed, He caressed in the Beginningless. He did the work in the Beginningless, and today He shows what He did. He spoke the words in the Beginningless, and today He lets you hear the spo- ken words. He sewed the robes of honor in the Beginningless, and today He conveys them: Each day He is upon some task [55:29]. “My servant, you know Me today, but I am not of today. Your knowledge is today; but I am eternal. For some time I have been speaking to you of the mysteries, but you hear now. In the Beginningless I made the eternal hearing your deputy in listening to the beginningless word. In the Beginningless I made the eternal knowledge your deputy in knowing the beginningless attributes. When a guardian has an infant's property, he has it as the infant's deputy. When the infant reaches adulthood, he gives the property back to him. You were the infants of nonexistence. The eternal gentleness took care of your work and acted as your deputy. O you who await the arrival of Our gentleness! O you who look for the marks bearing witness to Our Unseen! Nothing drives friend- ship into your heart other than the ruling power of Our secret. No one strikes the knocker on the door of your heart other than the messenger of Our kindness.”
ḤāÌ Mīm In other words, all that will come to be has been decreed [Ḥumm]. God is saying: “Whatever is be-able has come to be, whatever is doable I have done, whatever is runable I have run, whatever is choosable I have chosen, whatever is acceptable I have accepted, whatever is liftable I have lifted, whatever is throwable I have thrown. Whatever I wanted, I did; whatever I want, I do. When I have accepted someone, I do not look at the disloyalty I see from him. Rather, I pardon and pass over. I do not turn away from what I have said. With Me the word does not change [50:29].” The Pir of the Tariqah said, “O God, the whole world wants You. What does the work is what You want. Happy is the one You want, for even if he turns back from You, You will be waiting in his road.” O chevalier! Whomever He wanted He wanted in the Beginningless, and whomever He ca- ressed, He caressed in the Beginningless. He did the work in the Beginningless, and today He shows what He did. He spoke the words in the Beginningless, and today He lets you hear the spo- ken words. He sewed the robes of honor in the Beginningless, and today He conveys them: Each day He is upon some task [55:29]. “My servant, you know Me today, but I am not of today. Your knowledge is today; but I am eternal. For some time I have been speaking to you of the mysteries, but you hear now. In the Beginningless I made the eternal hearing your deputy in listening to the beginningless word. In the Beginningless I made the eternal knowledge your deputy in knowing the beginningless attributes. When a guardian has an infant's property, he has it as the infant's deputy. When the infant reaches adulthood, he gives the property back to him. You were the infants of nonexistence. The eternal gentleness took care of your work and acted as your deputy. O you who await the arrival of Our gentleness! O you who look for the marks bearing witness to Our Unseen! Nothing drives friend- ship into your heart other than the ruling power of Our secret. No one strikes the knocker on the door of your heart other than the messenger of Our kindness.”
ḤāÌ MīmIn other words, all that will come to be has been decreed [Ḥumm]. God is saying: �Whatever is be-able has come to be, whatever is doable I have done, whatever is runable I have run, whatever is choosable I have chosen, whatever is acceptable I have accepted, whatever is liftable I have lifted, whatever is throwable I have thrown. Whatever I wanted, I did; whatever I want, I do. When I have accepted someone, I do not look at the disloyalty I see from him. Rather, I pardon and pass over. I do not turn away from what I have said. With Me the word does not change [50:29].�The Pir of the Tariqah said, �O God, the whole world wants You. What does the work is what You want. Happy is the one You want, for even if he turns back from You, You will be waiting in his road.�O chevalier! Whomever He wanted He wanted in the Beginningless, and whomever He ca- ressed, He caressed in the Beginningless. He did the work in the Beginningless, and today He shows what He did. He spoke the words in the Beginningless, and today He lets you hear the spo- ken words. He sewed the robes of honor in the Beginningless, and today He conveys them: Each day He is upon some task [55:29].�My servant, you know Me today, but I am not of today. Your knowledge is today; but I am eternal. For some time I have been speaking to you of the mysteries, but you hear now. In the Beginningless I made the eternal hearing your deputy in listening to the beginningless word. In the Beginningless I made the eternal knowledge your deputy in knowing the beginningless attributes. When a guardian has an infant's property, he has it as the infant's deputy. When the infant reaches adulthood, he gives the property back to him. You were the infants of nonexistence. The eternal gentleness took care of your work and acted as your deputy. O you who await the arrival of Our gentleness! O you who look for the marks bearing witness to Our Unseen! Nothing drives friend- ship into your heart other than the ruling power of Our secret. No one strikes the knocker on the door of your heart other than the messenger of Our kindness.�
(حم) سبق الكلام على الحروف المقطَّعة في أول سورة البقرة.
قد اختلف المفسرون في الحروف المقطعة التي في أوائل السور فمنهم من قال هي مما استأثر الله بعلمه فردوا علمها إلى الله ولم يفسرها حكاه القرطبي في تفسـره عن أبي بكر وعمر وعثمان وعلي وابن مسعود رضي الله عنهم أجمعين وقاله عامر الشعبي وسفيان الثوري والربيع بن خيثم واختاره أبو حاتم بن حبان. ومنهم من فسرها واختلف هؤلاء في معناها فقال عبدالرحمن بن زيد بن أسلم إنما هي أسماء السور. قال العلامة أبو القاسم محمود بن عمر الزمخشري في تفسيره وعليه إطباق الأكثر ونقل عن سيبويه أنه نص عليه ويعتضد لهذا بما ورد في الصحيحين عن أبي هريرة أن رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم كان يقرأ في صلاة الصبح يوم الجمعة "الم" السجدة و "هل أتى على الإنسان" وقال سفيان الثوري عن ابن أبي نجيح عن مجاهد أنه قال: الم وحم والمص وص. فواتح افتتح الله بها القرآن.
سورة " فصلت " من السور التى بدئت ببعض حروف التهجى .والرأى الراجح فى هذه الحروف أنها جئ بها للإِيقاظ والتنبيه على أن هذا القرآن من عند الله - تعالى - ، بدليل أنه مؤلف من جنس الحروف التى يتخاطب بها المشركون ، ومع ذلك فقد عجزوا عن أن يأتوا بسورة من مثله .
القول في تأويل قوله تعالى : حم (1)قال أبو جعفر: قد تقدم القول منا فيما مضى قبلُ في معنى ( حم ) والقول في هذا الموضع كالقول في ذلك.
مكية " حم "
حم (1)القول في الحروف الواقعة فاتحةَ هذه السورة كالقول في { ألام .
اختلف في معناه ; فقال عكرمة : قال النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم : ( " حم " اسم من أسماء الله تعالى وهي مفاتيح خزائن ربك ) قال ابن عباس : " حم " اسم الله الأعظم .وعنه : " الر " و " حم " و " ن " حروف الرحمن مقطعة .وعنه أيضا : اسم من أسماء الله تعالى أقسم به .وقال قتادة : إنه اسم من أسماء القرآن .مجاهد : فواتح السور .وقال عطاء الخراساني : الحاء افتتاح اسمه حميد وحنان وحليم وحكيم , والميم افتتاح اسمه ملك ومجيد ومنان ومتكبر ومصور ; يدل عليه ما روى أنس أن أعرابيا سأل النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم : ما " حم " فإنا لا نعرفها في لساننا ؟ فقال النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم : ( بدء أسماء وفواتح سور ) وقال الضحاك والكسائي : معناه قضي ما هو كائن .كأنه أراد الإشارة إلى تهجي " حم " ; لأنها تصير حم بضم الحاء وتشديد الميم ; أي قضي ووقع .وقال كعب بن مالك : فلما تلاقيناهم ودارت بنا الرحى وليس لأمر حمه الله مدفع وعنه أيضا : إن المعنى حم أمر الله أي قرب ; كما قال الشاعر : قد حم يومي فسر قوم قوم بهم غفلة ونوم ومنه سميت الحمى ; لأنها تقرب من المنية .والمعنى المراد قرب نصره لأوليائه , وانتقامه من أعدائه كيوم بدر .وقيل : حروف هجاء ; قال الجرمي : ولهذا تقرأ ساكنة الحروف فخرجت مخرج التهجي وإذا سميت سورة بشيء من هذه الحروف أعربت ; فتقول : قرأت " حم " فتنصب ; قال الشاعر : يذكرني حاميم والرمح شاجر فهلا تلا حاميم قبل التقدم وقرأ عيسى بن عمر الثقفي : " حم " بفتح الميم على معنى اقرأ حم أو لالتقاء الساكنين .ابن أبي إسحاق وأبو السمال بكسرها .والإمالة والكسر لالتقاء الساكنين , أو على وجه القسم .وقرأ أبو جعفر بقطع الحاء من الميم .الباقون بالوصل .وكذلك في " حم .عسق " .وقرأ أبو عمرو وأبو بكر وحمزة والكسائي وخلف وابن ذكوان بالإمالة في الحاء .وروي عن أبي عمرو بين اللفظين وهي قراءة نافع وأبي جعفر وشيبة .الباقون بالفتح مشبعا .
The call of a prophet is the pure call of religion. However, people mostly follow the religion of their forebears. Their thinking is dominated by their national traditions and contemporary mores. For this reason, the prophet’s unadulterated religion does not fit the pattern or mould of their thought. He appears a stranger to them. This difference acts as a mental barrier between the prophet and the common people. Unable to see the prophet’s call in its proper perspective, they are not prepared to accept it. The prophet’s call is in itself extremely rational. It is in itself a proof that it has come from God. But the aforesaid mental barrier proves so impregnable that a man is unable to penetrate it in order to grasp the meaning of the prophet’s call. Thus God opens the doors of His Grace to man, but he does not pass through them.
In verse 85, it was said: فَلَمْ يَكُ يَنفَعُهُمْ إِيمَانُهُمْ (But, their profession of faith was not [ competent ] to benefit them, once they had seen Our punishment), that is, it is after seeing the punishment that these people are confessing to the true faith, but a declaration of faith at this late hour is not acceptable and trustworthy with Allah. It appears in Hadith: یَقبَلِ اللہ توبۃ العبد مالم یغرغر (Allah accepts the taubah [ repentance ] of the servant before the agony and rattle of death overtakes him). (Ibn Kathir) Similarly, once Divine punishment has come face to face, no repentance and no declaration of faith made by anyone remains acceptable.
اللَّھُمَّ اِنَّا نَسٔلک العفو والعافیہ والتوبۃ قبل الموت و الیسر والمعافاۃ عند الموت والمغفرۃ الرّحمۃ بعد الموت ببرکۃ ا (رح) ل حٰمٓ و صلی اللہ تعالیٰ علی النّبیّ الکریم۔
O Allah, we ask of You the obliteration of all sins, and well-being, and repentance before death, and ease and pardon at the time of death, and forgiveness and mercy after death with the barakah of 'Al Ha Meem, and blessings of Allah on the noble prophet ﷺ)
Al-hamdu1i11ah
The Commentary on
Surah Al-Mu'min
[ Ghafir ]
And from his narration on the authority of Ibn 'Abbas that he said regarding the interpretation of Allah's saying (Ha. Mim.): '(Ha. Mim.) He says: He has decreed that which will happen, i.e. it will be manifest, and it is also an oath by which He swore.