The Moon — Verse 10

And so he invoked his Lord saying ‘I have been annī to be understood as bi-annī overcome so help me!’

فدعا نوح ربه أنِّي ضعيف عن مقاومة هؤلاء، فانتصر لي بعقاب من عندك على كفرهم بك.

أي إني ضعيف عن هؤلاء وعن مقاومتهم فانتصر أنت لدينك.

ثم حكى - سبحانه - ما فعله نوح - عليه السلام - بعد أن صبر على إيذاء قومه فقال : ( فَدَعَا رَبَّهُ أَنِّي مَغْلُوبٌ فانتصر ) .أى : وبعد أن يئس نوح - عليه السلام - من إيمان قومه . . . تضرع إلى ربه قائلا : يارب إن قومى قد غلبونى بقوتهم وتمردهم . . . فانتصر لى منهم ، فأنت أقوى الأقوياء ، وأعظم نصير للمظلومين والمغلوبين على أمرهم من أمثالى .وحذف متعلق " فانتصر " للإيجز . أى : فانتقم لى منهم .

وقوله ( فَدَعَا رَبَّهُ أَنِّي مَغْلُوبٌ فَانْتَصِرْ ) يقول تعالى ذكره: فدعا نوح ربه: إن قومي قد غلبوني, تمرّدوا وعتوا, ولا طاقة لي بهم, فانتصر منهم بعقاب من عندك على كفرهم بك.

( فدعا ) نوح ( ربه ) وقال ( أني مغلوب ) مقهور ( فانتصر ) فانتقم لي منهم .

فَدَعَا رَبَّهُ أَنِّي مَغْلُوبٌ فَانْتَصِرْ (10(تفريع على { كذبت قبلهم قوم نوح } [ القمر : 9 ] وما تفرع عليه .والمغلوب مجاز ، شبه يأسه من إجابتهم لدعوته بحال الذي قاتل أو صارع فغلبه مقاتله ، وقد حكى الله تعالى في سورة نوح كيف سلك مع قومه وسائل الإقناع بقبول دعوته فأعيته الحيل .و { أنى } بفتح الهمزة على تقدير باء الجر محذوفة ، أي دعا بأني مغلوب ، أي بمضمون هذا الكلام في لغته .وحذف متعلق { فانتصر } للإِيجاز وللرعي على الفاصلة والتقدير : فانتصر لي ، أي انصرني .

فعند ذلك دعا نوح ربه [فقال:] { أَنِّي مَغْلُوبٌ } لا قدرة لي على الانتصار منهم، لأنه لم يؤمن من قومه إلا القليل النادر، ولا قدرة لهم على مقاومة قومهم، { فَانْتَصِرْ } اللهم لي منهم، وقال في الآية الأخرى: { رَبِّ لَا تَذَرْ عَلَى الْأَرْضِ مِنَ الْكَافِرِينَ دَيَّارًا } الآيات

فدعا ربه أي دعا عليهم حينئذ نوح وقال رب أني مغلوب أني مغلوب أي غلبوني بتمردهم فانتصر أي فانتصر لي . وقيل : إن الأنبياء كانوا لا يدعون على قومهم بالهلاك إلا بإذن الله عز وجل لهم فيه .

The leaders of Noah’s community, consumed as they were by false prestige, were not prepared to accept Noah. The result was that they were afflicted by the retribution of God. This punishment came upon them in the shape of a terrible flood. The entire people and their dwellings were submerged in it. But, Noah and his companions, as commanded by God, boarded an ark. This vessel sailed forth and stopped at Mount Judi in the Mount Ararat range. Ararat is in Turkey. The highest mountain of the region, it rises to 16, 853 ft. Certain aeroplane pilots claim that, while flying over the snow-covered Ararat peak, they have seen some boat-like thing caught up in the snow there. If this is correct, then just as the dead body of Pharaoh (of Moses’s period) was extracted from its pyramid in the late nineteenth century and became a sign of God ( 10:92 ), similarly perhaps Noah’s ark may be discovered and become a sign of God for mankind.

The Story of the People of Nuh (علیہ السلام) and the Lesson Learnt from it مَجْنُونٌ وَازْدُجِرَ‌ (and said, " (He is) a madman", and he was threatened...54:9). The word wazdujira literally denotes 'he was rebuked'. It refers to the attitude of the people of Nuh علیہ السلام who rebuked and threatened him to stop him from preaching. On another occasion in the Qur'an, we read that the people of Nuh (علیہ السلام) threatened and warned him that if he does not stop propagating his message, he would be stoned to death. ` Abd Ibn Humaid reports from Mujahid that when some of his people found him somewhere, they would choke him, as a result he would become unconscious. But when he recovered, he would pray to Allah, '0 Allah! Forgive my people, for they do not know the truth'. In this way, he endured the persecution of his people patiently for nine hundred and fifty years, prayed for their forgiveness and understanding of the truth. Eventually, when the situation became intolerable, and he could no longer resist his people, he invoked Allah to help him against them. As a result, Allah opened the gates of the heaven with torrential rain, and the entire nation was drowned which is mentioned in the forthcoming verse.

(So he cried unto his Lord, saying: I am vanquished) I am oppressed, (so give help) by punishing them.

The Story of the People of Nuh and the Lesson from it Allah the Exalted said, كَذَّبَتْ (denied) `before your people, O Muhammad,' قَوْمُ نُوحٍ فَكَذَّبُواْ عَبْدَنَا (the people of Nuh. They rejected Our servant) means, they denied him categorically and accused him of madness, وَقَالُواْ مَجْنُونٌ وَازْدُجِرَ (and said: "A madman!" Wazdujir.) Mujahid said about Wazdujir: "He was driven out accused on account of madness." It was also said that Wazdujir means, he was rebuked, deterred, threatened and warned by his people saying: لَئِنْ لَّمْ تَنْتَهِ ينُوحُ لَتَكُونَنَّ مِنَ الْمُرْجُومِينَ ("If you do not stop O Nuh, you will be among those who will be stoned.") 26:116 This was said by Ibn Zayd, and it is sound. فَدَعَا رَبَّهُ أَنُّى مَغْلُوبٌ فَانتَصِرْ (Then he invoked his Lord (saying): "I have been overcome, so help (me)!") meaning, `I am weak and cannot overcome or resist my people, so help Your religion!' Allah the Exalted said, فَفَتَحْنَآ أَبْوَبَ السَّمَآءِ بِمَاءٍ مُّنْهَمِرٍ (So, We opened the gates of the heaven with water Munhamir.) As-Suddi said about Munhamir, "It means abundant." وَفَجَّرْنَا الاٌّرْضَ عُيُوناً (And We caused springs to gush forth from the earth.) means, from every part of the earth, and even ovens in which fire was burning -- water and springs gushed forth, فَالْتَقَى المَآءُ (So, the waters met), means, of the heaven and the earth, عَلَى أَمْرٍ قَدْ قُدِرَ (for a matter predestined.) Ibn Jurayj reported from Ibn `Abbas: فَفَتَحْنَآ أَبْوَبَ السَّمَآءِ بِمَاءٍ مُّنْهَمِرٍ (So, We opened the gates of the heaven with water Munhamir), Torrential rain, the only water that fell from the sky before that day and ever since was from clouds. But the sky's gates were opened on them that day, and therefore, the water that came down was not from clouds. So both the waters (of the earth and the heaven) met according to a matter ordained." Allah said, وَحَمَلْنَاهُ عَلَى ذَاتِ أَلْوَحٍ وَدُسُرٍ (And We carried him on a (ship) made of planks and nails (Dusur)), Ibn `Abbas, Sa`id bin Jubayr, Al-Qurazi, Qatadah and Ibn Zayd said that Dusur means nails. Ibn Jarir preferred this view. Allah's statement, تَجْرِى بِأَعْيُنِنَا (Floating under Our Eyes), means, `by Our command and under Our protection and observation,' جَزَآءً لِّمَن كَانَ كُفِرَ (a reward for him who had been rejected!) meaning, as recompense for them because of their disbelief in Allah and as reward for Nuh, peace be upon him. Allah the Exalted said, وَلَقَدْ تَّرَكْنَـهَا ءايَةً (And indeed, We have left this as a sign.) Qatadah said, "Allah left the ship of Nuh intact until the first generation of this Ummah were able to see it." However, it appears that the meaning here is that Allah kept ships as a sign. For instance, Allah the Exalted said, وَءَايَةٌ لَّهُمْ أَنَّا حَمَلْنَا ذُرِّيَّتَهُمْ فِى الْفُلْكِ الْمَشْحُونِ - وَخَلَقْنَا لَهُمْ مِّن مِّثْلِهِ مَا يَرْكَبُونَ (And a sign for them is that We bore their offspring in the laden ship. And We have created for them of the like thereunto, on which they ride.)(36:41-42), إِنَّا لَمَّا طَغَا الْمَآءُ حَمَلْنَـكُمْ فِى الْجَارِيَةِ - لِنَجْعَلَهَا لَكُمْ تَذْكِرَةً وَتَعِيَهَآ أُذُنٌ وَعِيَةٌ (Verily, when the water rose beyond its limits, We carried you in the boat. That We might make it an admonition for you and that it might be retained by the retaining ears.)(69:11-12) Allah's statement here, فَهَلْ مِن مُّدَّكِرٍ (Then is there any that will remember) means, `is there any that will receive admonition and reminder. Imam Ahmad recorded that `Abdullah bin Mas`ud said, "The Prophet recited to me, فَهَلْ مِن مُّدَّكِرٍ (Then is there any that will remember)" Al-Bukhari collected a similar Hadith from `Abdullah that he said, "I recited to the Prophet (فَهَلْ مِن مُّذَّكِرٍ) (then is there any that will remember) and the Prophet said, فَهَلْ مِن مُّدَّكِرٍ (Then is there any that will remember)" Allah's statement, فَكَيْفَ كَانَ عَذَابِى وَنُذُرِ (Then how (terrible) was My torment and My warnings) means, `how terrible was My torment that I inflicted on those who disbelieved in Me and denied My Messengers, who did not heed to My warnings How was My help that I extended to My Messengers and the revenge exerted on their behalf,' وَلَقَدْ يَسَّرْنَا الْقُرْءَانَ لِلذِّكْرِ (And We have indeed made the Qur'an easy to understand and remember); meaning, `We have made the Qur'an easy to recite and comprehend for those who seek these traits, to remind mankind,' as Allah said, كِتَـبٌ أَنزَلْنَـهُ إِلَيْكَ مُبَـرَكٌ لِّيَدَّبَّرُواْ ءَايَـتِهِ وَلِيَتَذَكَّرَ أُوْلُو الاٌّلْبَـبِ ((This is) a Book which We have sent down to you, full of blessings, that they may ponder over its Ayat, and that men of understanding may remember.)(38:29), فَإِنَّمَا يَسَّرْنَـهُ بِلَسَانِكَ لِتُبَشِّرَ بِهِ الْمُتَّقِينَ وَتُنْذِرَ بِهِ قَوْماً لُّدّاً (So We have made this (the Qur'an) easy in your own tongue, only that you may give glad tidings to those who have Taqwa and warn with it the most quarrelsome people.)(19:97) Allah said, فَهَلْ مِن مُّدَّكِرٍ (then is there any that will remember), meaning, `is there anyone who will remember through this Qur'an, which We made easy to memorize and easy to understand' Muhammad bin Ka`b Al-Qurazi commented on this Ayah, "Is there anyone who will avoid evil"