Noah — Verse 12

and furnish you with wealth and sons and assign to you gardens orchards and assign to you running rivers.

إن تتوبوا وتستغفروا يُنْزِلِ الله عليكم المطر غزيرًا متتابعًا، ويكثرْ أموالكم وأولادكم، ويجعلْ لكم حدائق تَنْعَمون بثمارها وجمالها، ويجعل لكم الأنهار التي تسقون منها زرعكم ومواشيكم. مالكم -أيها القوم- لا تخافون عظمة الله وسلطانه، وقد خلقكم في أطوار متدرجة: نطفة ثم علقة ثم مضغة ثم عظامًا ولحمًا؟ ألم تنظروا كيف خلق الله سبع سموات متطابقة بعضها فوق بعض، وجعل القمر في هذه السموات نورًا، وجعل الشمس مصباحًا مضيئًا يستضيء به أهل الأرض؟

وقد مضى في سورة "آل عمران" كيفية الاستغفار, وإن ذلك يكون عن إخلاص وإقلاع من الذنوب. وهو الأصل في الإجابة.

وفضلا عن ذلك : ( وَيُمْدِدْكُمْ بِأَمْوَالٍ وَبَنِينَ وَيَجْعَل لَّكُمْ جَنَّاتٍ ) أى : بساتين عظيمة ، ( وَيَجْعَل لَّكُمْ أَنْهَاراً ) جارية تحت أشجار هذه الجنات ، لتزداد جمالا ونفعا .قال الإِمام الرازى ما ملخصه : " إن قوم نوح لما كذبوه زمانا طويلا ، حبس الله عنهم المطر ، وأعقم أرحام نسائهم . . فرجعوا إلى نوح ، فقال لهم : استغفروا ربكم من الشرك ، حتى يفتح عليكم أبواب نعمه .واعلم أن الاشتغال بالطاعة ، سبب لانفتاح أبواب الخيرات ، ويدل عليه وجوه : أحدها : أن الكفر سبب لخراب العالم . والإِيمان سبب لعمارة العالم . وثانيها : الآيات الكثيرة التى وردت فى هذا المعنى ، ومنها قوله - تعالى - ( وَلَوْ أَنَّ أَهْلَ القرى آمَنُواْ واتقوا لَفَتَحْنَا عَلَيْهِمْ بَرَكَاتٍ مِّنَ السمآء والأرض . . . ) وثالثها : أن عمر خرج يستسقى فما زاد على الاستغفار .فقيل له : ما رأيتك استسقيت؟ فقال : لقد استسقيت لكم بمجاديح السماء ، والمجاديح : جمع مِجْدَح - بكسر فسكون وهو نجم من النجوم المعروفة عند العرب .وشكا رجل إلى الحسن البصرى الفاقة ، وشكا إليه آخر الجدب ، وشكا إليه ثالث قلة النسل . . فأمر الجميع بالاستغفار . . فقيل له : أتاك رجال يشكون إليك أنواعا من الحاجة ، فأمرتهم جميعا بالاستغفار؟ فتلا الحسن هذه الآيات الكريمة .وما قاله الإِمام الرازى - رحمه الله - يؤيده القرآن الكريم فى كثير من آياته ، ويؤيده واقع الحياة التى نحياها ونشاهد أحداثها .أما آيات القرآن الكريم فمنها قوله - تعالى - : ( وَأَلَّوِ استقاموا عَلَى الطريقة لأَسْقَيْنَاهُم مَّآءً غَدَقاً ) وقوله - سبحانه - على لسان هود - عليه السلام - : ( وياقوم استغفروا رَبَّكُمْ ثُمَّ توبوا إِلَيْهِ يُرْسِلِ السمآء عَلَيْكُمْ مِّدْرَاراً وَيَزِدْكُمْ قُوَّةً إلى قُوَّتِكُمْ . . )وقال - عز وجل - : ( مَنْ عَمِلَ صَالِحاً مِّن ذَكَرٍ أَوْ أنثى وَهُوَ مُؤْمِنٌ فَلَنُحْيِيَنَّهُ حَيَاةً طَيِّبَةً ) وأما واقع الحياة . فإننا نشاهد بأعيننا الأمم التى تطبق شريعة الله - تعالى - وتعمل بما جاء به النبى صلى الله عليه وسلم من آداب وأحكام وهدايات .نرى هذه الأمم سعيدة فى حياتها ، آمنة فى أوطانها ، يأتيها رزقها رغدا من كل مكان ، وإذا أصابها شئ من النقص فى الأنفس أو الثمرات . . فذلك من باب الامتحان الذى يمتحن الله - تعالى - به عباده ، والذى لا يتعارض مع كون العاقبة الطيبة إنما هى لهذه الأمم الصادقة فى إيمانها .وما يجرى على الأمم والشعوب ، يجرى أيضا علىالأفراد والجماعات ، فتلك سنة الله التى لا تتغير .أما الأمم الفاسقة عن أمر ربها ، فإنها مهما أوتيت من ثراء وبسطة فى الرزق . . فإن حياتها دائما تكون متلبسة بالقلق النفسى ، والشقاء القلبى ، والاكتئاب الذى يؤدى إلى فساد الحال واضطراب البال .

القول في تأويل قوله تعالى : وَيُمْدِدْكُمْ بِأَمْوَالٍ وَبَنِينَ وَيَجْعَلْ لَكُمْ جَنَّاتٍ وَيَجْعَلْ لَكُمْ أَنْهَارًاوقوله: ( وَيُمْدِدْكُمْ بِأَمْوَالٍ وَبَنِينَ ) يقول: ويعطكم مع ذلك ربكم أموالا وبنين، فيكثرها عندكم ويزيد فيما عندكم منها( وَيَجْعَلْ لَكُمْ جَنَّاتٍ ) يقول: يرزقكم بساتين ( وَيَجْعَلْ لَكُمْ أَنْهَارًا ) تسقون منها جناتكم ومزارعكم؛ وقال ذلك لهم نوح، لأنهم كانوا فيما ذُكر قوم يحبون الأموال والأولاد.* ذكر من قال ذلك:حدثنا بشر، قال: ثنا يزيد، قال: ثنا سعيد، عن قتادة، قوله: ثُمَّ إِنِّي دَعَوْتُهُمْ جِهَارًا ... إلى قوله: ( وَيَجْعَلْ لَكُمْ أَنْهَارًا ) قال: رأى نوح قوما تجزّعت أعناقهم حرصا على الدنيا، فقال: هلموا إلى طاعة الله، فإن فيها درك الدنيا والآخرة.

"ويمددكم بأموال وبنين"، قال عطاء: يكثر أموالكم وأولادكم، "ويجعل لكم جنات ويجعل لكم أنهاراً".

وَيُمْدِدْكُمْ بِأَمْوَالٍ وَبَنِينَ وَيَجْعَلْ لَكُمْ جَنَّاتٍ وَيَجْعَلْ لَكُمْ أَنْهَارًا (12)و ( أموال ) : جمع مال وهو يشمل كل مكسب يبذله المرء في اقتناء ما يحتاج إليه .والمراد بالجنات في قوله : { ويجعل لكم جنات } النخيل والأعناب ، لأن الجنات تحتاج إلى السقي .وإعادة فعل يَجْعل بعد واو العطف في قوله : { ويجعل لكم أنهاراً } للتوكيد اهتماماً بشأن المعطوف لأن الأنهار قوام الجنات وتسقي المزارع والأنعام .وفي هذا دلالة على أن الله يجازي عباده الصالحين بطيب العيش قال تعالى : { مَن عمِل صالحاً من ذكر أو أنثى وهو مؤمن فلنُحْيِيَنَّه حياة طيبة } [ النحل : 97 ] وقال { ولو أن أهل القرى ءامنوا واتقوا لفتحنا عليهم بركاتتٍ من السماء والأرض } [ الأعراف : 96 ] وقال : { وأنْ لو استقاموا على الطريقة لأسقيناهم ماء غدقاً } [ الجنّ : 16 ] .

{ وَيُمْدِدْكُمْ بِأَمْوَالٍ وَبَنِينَ } أي: يكثر أموالكم التي تدركون بها ما تطلبون من الدنيا وأولادكم، { وَيَجْعَلْ لَكُمْ جَنَّاتٍ وَيَجْعَلْ لَكُمْ أَنْهَارًا } وهذا من أبلغ ما يكون من لذات الدنيا ومطالبها.

وقد مضى في سورة " آل عمران " كيفية الاستغفار , وإن ذلك يكون عن إخلاص وإقلاع من الذنوب .وهو الأصل في الإجابة .

Literally ‘Why do you deny the greatness of God?’ This has been explained by ‘Abdullah ibn ‘Abbas thus, ‘You do not accept the Majesty of God as it should be accepted.’ This shows that Noah’s people did accept God, but the consciousness of the Majesty of God had not become ingrained as it should have done. The fact is that this acceptance of God’s greatness is the real standard of God-worship. One who is living in the knowledge of the Majesty of God is a real God-worshipper, while one whose heart is not immersed in God’s greatness is not a true believer.

Commentary يَغْفِرْ‌ لَكُم مِّن ذُنُوبِكُمْ and Allah will forgive you your sins, 71:4). The particle min is often used to indicate division into parts, that is, to refer to only a part of an amount, group or number. If it is taken in that sense here, it would signify that by embracing the faith only those sins would be forgiven which pertains to the Divine rights because violation of human rights would be forgiven only when the believer fulfills the human rights which he has violated [ such as pecuniary obligations ] and if they cannot be fulfilled [ such as hurting somebody physically or verbally ], then the person who has been so hurt must first be requested to forgive. The hadith which reports that by embracing the faith all sins are forgiven must be understood in the light of the foregoing explanation. In other words, the hadith has the same conditions attached to it as the verse under comment, that is, violation of the rights of the human beings is not forgiven except upon fulfillment of those rights or seeking forgiveness from the victims of that violation. Other scholars of Tafsir interpret the particle min as za'idah, (having no meaning, and added only because of usage). In this way, it signifies that all their sins would be forgiven. However, on the basis of other texts, this general expression is subject to the conditions mentioned above.

(And will help you with wealth) camels, bovines, sheep (and sons) and daughters; this is because Allah had stopped their wives and beasts from conceiving for 40 years, (and will assign unto you Gardens and will assign unto you rivers) flowing rivers for your own benefits. This is because Allah had, before this, destroyed their fields and made their rivers dry for 40 years.

Nuh complains about his Encounter with His People Allah tells about His servant and Messenger, Nuh, and that he complained to his Lord about the response he received from his people, and how he was patient with them for this long period of time -- which was nine hundred and fifty years. He complained due to his explaining and clarifying matters for them and his calling them to guidance and the straightest path. So he (Nuh) said, رَبِّ إِنِّى دَعَوْتُ قَوْمِى لَيْلاً وَنَهَاراً (O my Lord! Verily, I have called to my people night and day,) meaning, `I did not abandon calling them night and day, carrying out Your command and in obediance to You.' فَلَمْ يَزِدْهُمْ دُعَآئِى إِلاَّ فِرَاراً (But all my calling added nothing but to (their) flight.) meaning, `the more I called them to come to the truth, the more they fled from it and avoided it.' وَإِنِّى كُلَّمَا دَعَوْتُهُمْ لِتَغْفِرَ لَهُمْ جَعَلُواْ أَصَـبِعَهُمْ فِى ءَاذَنِهِمْ وَاسْتَغْشَوْاْ ثِيَابَهُمْ (And verily, every time I called unto them that You might forgive them, they thrust their fingers into their ears, covered themselves up with their garments,) meaning, `they closed up their ears so that they could not hear what I was calling them to.' This is similar to what Allah said about the disbelievers of the Quraysh. وَقَالَ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُواْ لاَ تَسْمَعُواْ لِهَـذَا الْقُرْءَانِ وَالْغَوْاْ فِيهِ لَعَلَّكُمْ تَغْلِبُونَ (And those who disbelieve say: "Listen not to this Qur'an, and make noise in the midst of its (recitation) that you may overcome.") (41:26) وَاسْتَغْشَوْاْ ثِيَابَهُمْ (covered themselves up with their garments,) Ibn Jarir recorded from Ibn `Abbas that he said, "They concealed themselves under false pretences from him so that he would not recognize them." Sa`id bin Jubayr and As-Suddi both said, "They covered their heads so that they could not hear what he was saying." وَأَصَرُّواْ (and persisted,) meaning, they continued in what they were upon of associating partners with Allah and great disbelief. وَاسْتَكْبَرُواْ اسْتِكْبَاراً (and magnified themselves in pride.) meaning, they were turned away from following the truth and submitting to it. ثُمَّ إِنِّى دَعَوْتُهُمْ جِهَـراً (Then verily, I called to them openly.) meaning, openly among the people. ثُمَّ إِنِّى أَعْلَنْتُ لَهُمْ (Then verily, I proclaimed to them in public,) meaning, with open speech and a raised voice. وَأَسْرَرْتُ لَهُمْ إِسْرَاراً (and I have appealed to them in private.) meaning, in discussions with them. So he tried various types of propagation to be more effective with them. What Nuh said when He called His People to Allah فَقُلْتُ اسْتَغْفِرُواْ رَبَّكُمْ إِنَّهُ كَانَ غَفَّاراً (I said: Ask forgiveness from your Lord, verily, He is Oft-Forgiving;) meaning, `return to Him and turn away from what you are involved in. Repent to Him soon, for verily, He is Most Accepting of the repentance of those who turn to Him in repentance. He will accept repentance no matter what the sin is, even if it is disbelief and polytheism.' Thus, he said, فَقُلْتُ اسْتَغْفِرُواْ رَبَّكُمْ إِنَّهُ كَانَ غَفَّاراً - يُرْسِلِ السَّمَآءَ عَلَيْكُمْ مُدْرَاراً (I said: Ask forgiveness from your Lord, verily, He is Oft-Forgiving; He will send rain to you Midrar,) meaning, continuous rain. Thus, it is recommended to recite this Surah in the prayer for rain due to this Ayah. This has been reported from the Commander of the faithful, `Umar bin Al-Khattab. He ascended the Minbar to perform the prayer for rain, and he did not do more than seeking Allah's forgiveness and reciting the Ayat that mention seeking Allah's forgiveness. Among these Ayat: فَقُلْتُ اسْتَغْفِرُواْ رَبَّكُمْ إِنَّهُ كَانَ غَفَّاراً - يُرْسِلِ السَّمَآءَ عَلَيْكُمْ مُدْرَاراً (I said: Ask forgiveness from your Lord, verily, He is Oft-Forgiving; He will send rain to you Midrar, disbelievers of the Quraysh. Qu ? s? ? ? ? A ? Nuh complains about his Encounter with His People Allah tells about His servant and Messenger, Nuh, and that he complained to his Lord about the response he received from his people, and how he was patient with them for this long period of time -- which was nine hundred and fifty years. He complained due to his explaining and clarifying matters for them and his calling them to guidance and the straightest path. So he (Nuh) said, رَبِّ إِنِّى دَعَوْتُ قَوْمِى لَيْلاً وَنَهَاراً (O my Lord! Verily, I have called to my people night and day,) meaning, `I did not abandon calling them night and day, carrying out Your command and in obediance to You.' فَلَمْ يَزِدْهُمْ دُعَآئِى إِلاَّ فِرَاراً (But all my calling added nothing but to (their) flight.) meaning, `the more I called them to come to the truth, the more they fled from it and avoided it.' وَإِنِّى كُلَّمَا دَعَوْتُهُمْ لِتَغْفِرَ لَهُمْ جَعَلُواْ أَصَـبِعَهُمْ فِى ءَاذَنِهِمْ وَاسْتَغْشَوْاْ ثِيَابَهُمْ (And verily, every time I called unto them that You might forgive them, they thrust their fingers into their ears, covered themselves up with their garments,) meaning, `they closed up their ears so that they could not hear what I was calling them to.' This is similar to what Allah said about the disbelievers of the Quraysh. n?A h complains about his Encounter with His People Allah tells about His servant and Messenger, Nuh, and that he complained to his Lord about the response he received from his people, and how he was patient with them for this long period of time -- which was nine hundred and fifty years. He complained due to his explaining and clarifying matters for them and his calling them to guidance and the straightest path. So he (Nuh) said, NnA ? What Nuh said when He called His People to Allah فَقُلْتُ اسْتَغْفِرُواْ رَبَّكُمْ إِنَّهُ كَانَ غَفَّاراً (I said: Ask forgiveness from your Lord, verily, He is Oft-Forgiving;) meaning, `return to Him and turn away from what you are involved in. Repent to Him soon, for verily, He is Most Accepting of the repentance of those who turn to Him in repentance. He will accept repentance no matter what the sin is, even if it is disbelief and polytheism.' Thus, he said, فَقُلْتُ اسْتَغْفِرُواْ رَبَّكُمْ إِنَّهُ كَانَ غَفَّاراً - يُرْسِلِ السَّمَآءَ عَلَيْكُمْ مُدْرَاراً (I said: Ask forgiveness from your Lord, verily, He is Oft-Forgiving; He will send rain to you Midrar,) meaning, continuous rain. Thus, it is recommended to recite this Surah in the prayer for rain due to this Ayah. This has been reported from the Commander of the faithful, `Umar bin Al-Khattab. He ascended the Minbar to perform the prayer for rain, and he did not do more than seeking Allah's forgiveness and reciting the Ayat that mention seeking Allah's forgiveness. Among these Ayat: فَقُلْتُ اسْتَغْفِرُواْ رَبَّكُمْ إِنَّهُ كَانَ غَفَّاراً - يُرْسِلِ السَّمَآءَ عَلَيْكُمْ مُدْرَاراً (I said: Ask forgiveness from your Lord, verily, He is Oft-Forgiving; He will send rain to you Midrar,) Then he (`Umar) said, "Verily, I have sought rain with the keys of the sky which cause the rain to descend." Ibn `Abbas and others have said, "It (Midrar) means some of it (rain) following others." Concerning Allah's statement, وَيُمْدِدْكُمْ بِأَمْوَلٍ وَبَنِينَ وَيَجْعَل لَّكُمْ جَنَّـتٍ وَيَجْعَل لَّكُمْ أَنْهَاراً (And give you increase in wealth and children, and bestow on you gardens and bestow on you rivers.) meaning, `if you repent to Allah, seek His forgiveness and obey Him, He will increase your provisions for you and provide you with water from the blessings of the sky. He will cause the blessings of the earth and crops to grow for you. He will increase your live stock animals for you and give you more wealth and children. This means that He will give you more wealth, more children and gardens with various types of fruits. He will cause rivers to flow among these gardens.' This is the position of the invitation with encouragement. Then He made it balanced for them by using intimidation. He said, مَّا لَكُمْ لاَ تَرْجُونَ لِلَّهِ وَقَاراً (What is the matter with you, that you do not hope for any Waqar from Allah) meaning, great majesty. This has been said by Ibn `Abbas, Mujahid and Ad-Dahhak. Ibn `Abbas said, "That you all do not magnify Allah in the proper manner that He deserves to be magnified. Meaning, you do not fear His punishment and His vengeance." وَقَدْ خَلَقَكُمْ أَطْوَاراً (While He has created you (in) Atwar (stages).) It has been said that this means from a drop of sperm, then from a hanging clot, then from a lump of flesh. Ibn `Abbas, `Ikrimah, Qatadah, Yahya bin Rafi`, As-Suddi and Ibn Zayd, all said this. Concerning Allah's statement, أَلَمْ تَرَوْاْ كَيْفَ خَلَقَ اللَّهُ سَبْعَ سَمَـوَتٍ طِبَاقاً (See you not how Allah has created the seven heavens in tiers) meaning, one above another. Can this be comprehended simply by hearing it only or is it of the matters that actually can be perceived with the senses which are known about the movements (of the heavenly bodies) and the eclipses. It is known that they (the scholars) have many different opinions about these matters that we will not discuss here. The only intent here is that Allah أَلَمْ تَرَوْاْ كَيْفَ خَلَقَ اللَّهُ سَبْعَ سَمَـوَتٍ طِبَاقاً - وَجَعَلَ الْقَمَرَ فِيهِنَّ نُوراً وَجَعَلَ الشَّمْسَ سِرَاجاً (Allah has created the seven heavens in tiers and has made the moon a light therein, and made the sun a lamp) meaning, He made a distinction between them (the sun and moon) in reference to their lighting. He made each one of them in a set manner with a distinct quality so that the night and day may be known. They (the night and day) are known by the rising and setting of the sun. He also determined fixed stations and positions for the moon, and He made its light vary so that sometimes it increases until it reaches a maximum, then it begins to decrease until it is completely veiled. This shows the passing of months and years. This is as Allah said, هُوَ الَّذِى جَعَلَ الشَّمْسَ ضِيَآءً وَالْقَمَرَ نُوراً وَقَدَّرَهُ مَنَازِلَ لِتَعْلَمُواْ عَدَدَ السِّنِينَ وَالْحِسَابَ مَا خَلَقَ اللَّهُ ذَلِكَ إِلاَّ بِالْحَقِّ يُفَصِّلُ الآيَـتِ لِقَوْمٍ يَعْلَمُونَ (It is He Who made the sun a shining thing and the moon as a light and measured out for its stages that you might know the number of years and the reckoning. Allah did not create this but in truth. He explains the Ayat in detail for people who have knowledge.) (10:5) Concerning Allah's statement, وَاللَّهُ أَنبَتَكُمْ مِّنَ الاٌّرْضِ نَبَاتاً (And Allah has brought you forth from the (dust of) earth) This (Nabat) is a verbal noun (for emphasis) and its usage here is most excellent. ثُمَّ يُعِيدُكُمْ فِيهَا (Afterwards He will return you into it (the earth),) (71:18) meaning, when you die. وَيُخْرِجُكُمْ إِخْرَاجاً (And bring you forth.) meaning, on the Day of Judgement He will repeat your creation just as He first originated you. وَاللَّهُ جَعَلَ لَكُمُ الاٌّرْضَ بِسَاطاً (And Allah has made for you the earth a wide expanse.) meaning, He spread it out, leveled it, settled it, and stabilized it with firm and lofty mountains. لِّتَسْلُكُواْ مِنْهَا سُبُلاً فِجَاجاً (That you may go about therein in broad roads.) meaning, He created it so that you may settle in it and travel in it wherever you wish, from its different sides, areas and regions. All of this is from what Nuh informed them of concerning Allah's power and His greatness in creating the heavens and the earth. It demostrates the favor that He did for them by making both heavenly benefits and earthly benefits. For He is the Creator and the Sustainer Who made the heaven as a building and the earth as a bed, and He enlarged His provisions for His creatures. Therefore, He is the One Who it is obligatory to worship, and accept as One God. No one should be associated with Him as a partner, because He has no equal, peer, rival, coequal, mate, son, minister or advisor, rather He is the Most High, the Most Great. قَالَ نُوحٌ رَّبِّ إِنَّهُمْ عَصَوْنِى وَاتَّبَعُواْ مَن لَّمْ يَزِدْهُ مَالُهُ وَوَلَدُهُ إِلاَّ خَسَاراً - وَمَكَرُواْ مَكْراً كُبَّاراً - وَقَالُواْ لاَ تَذَرُنَّ ءَالِهَتَكُمْ وَلاَ تَذَرُنَّ وَدّاً وَلاَ سُوَاعاً وَلاَ يَغُوثَ وَيَعُوقَ وَنَسْراً - وَقَدْ أَضَلُّواْ كَثِيراً وَلاَ تَزِدِ الظَّـلِمِينَ إِلاَّ ضَلاَلاً