Verse display
وَثَمُودَ الَّذِينَ جَابُوا الصَّخْرَ بِالْوَادِ
Wathamooda allatheena jaboo alssakhra bialwadi
The Dawn, Daybreak / al-Fajr (89:9)
Connections 6 single-source 1 commentator

Multi-source connections

No verses on this ayah are cited by 2 or more commentators using numeric S:A notation. All extracted references come from a single source's commentary.

Single-source mentions (6) cited by only one commentator
By commentator who cites how many verses on this ayah

Note: these connections are extracted from numeric S:A references inside the commentary text and are therefore biased toward mufassirun who use that notation. Prose-style references (e.g. "Surat al-Baqarah verse 30") will be added later, which should surface additional multi-source consensus.

Abdel Haleem

View translator profile →
and the Thamud, who hewed into the rocks in the valley
Wathamooda allatheena jaboo alssakhra bialwadi

Support the Author

As an Amazon Associate, ParallelQuran earns from qualifying purchases.

Qur'an Tools

Tafsir Commentary

and Thamūd who hollowed hewed the rocks sakhr is the plural of sakhra in the valley the Wādī al-Qurā rocks which they used as dwellings
وكيف فعل بثمود قوم صالح الذين قطعوا الصخر بالوادي واتخذوا منه بيوتًا؟
يعني يقطعون الصخر بالوادي قال ابن عباس ينحتونها ويخرقونها وكذا قال مجاهد وقتادة والضحاك وابن زيد ومنه يقال مجتابي النمار إذا خرقوها واجتاب الثوب إذا فتحه ومنه الجيب أيضا وقال الله تعالى "وتنحتون من الجبال بيوتا فارهين" وأنشد ابن جرير وابن أبي حاتم ههنا قول الشاعر: ألا كل شيء ما خلا الله بائد كما باد حي من شنيف ومارد هم ضربوا في كل صماء صعدة بأيد شداد أيدات السواعد وقال ابن إسحاق كانوا عربا وكان منزلهم بوادي القرى وقد ذكرنا قصة عاد مستقصاة في سورة الأعراف بما أغني عن إعادته.
وقوله - تعالى - : ( وَثَمُودَ الذين جَابُواْ الصخر بالواد . وَفِرْعَوْنَ ذِى الأوتاد ) معطوف على ما قبله . والمراد بثمود : القبيلة المسماة بهذا الاسم ، نسبة إلى جدها ثمود ، وقد أرسل الله - تعالى - إليهم نبيهم صالحا - عليه السلام - فكذبوه ، فأهلكهم الله - تعالى - .وكانت مساكنهم بين الشام والحجاز ، ومازالت معروفة حتى الآن باسم قرى صالح .وقوله : ( جَابُواْ ) بمعنى قطعوا . من الجوب بمعنى القطع والخرق ، والصخرة الحجارة العظيمة .والواد : اسم للأرض المنخفضة بين مكانين مرتفعين ، وكان هؤلاء القوم يقطعون الصخور من الجبال ، ليتخذوا منها بيوتهم بواديهم ، أى : بالمكان الذى كانوا يسكنونه .فقوله : ( بالواد ) علم بالغلبة للمكان الذى كانوا يسكنون فيه ، ويسمى بوادى القرى ، وقد قال - تعالى - فى شأنهم : ( وَتَنْحِتُونَ مِنَ الجبال بُيُوتاً فَارِهِينَ ) والمراد بفرعون هنا : هو وقومه . والمراد بالأوتاد : الجنود والعساكر الذين يشدون ملكه ويقوونه ، كما تشد الخيام وتقوى بالأوتاد .قال الآلوسى : وصف فرعون بذلك لكثرة جنوده وخيامهم ، التى يضربون أوتادها فى منازلهم ، أو لأنه كان يدق لمن يريد تعذيبه أربعة أوتاد ، ويشده بها . .وقال بعض العلماء : ووصف فرعون بذى الأوتاد ، لأن مملكته كانت تحتوى على الأهرامات ، التى بناها أسلافه ، لأن صورة الهرم على الأرض تشبه الوتد المدقوق ، ويجوز أن يكون المراد بالأوتاد : التمكن والثبات على سبيل الاستعارة ، أى : ذى القوة . .وقال صاحب الظلال : ( وَثَمُودَ الذين جَابُواْ الصخر بالواد وَفِرْعَوْنَ ذِى الأوتاد ) وهى على الأرجح الأهرامات ، التى تشبه الأوتاد الثابتة فى الأرض المتينة البنيان ، وفرعون المشار إليه هنا ، فرعون الطاغية الجبار ، الذى أرسل الله - تعالى - إليه موسى - عليه السلام - . .والمعنى : لقد علمت - أيها الرسول الكريم - وعلم معك كل من هو أهل للخطاب ، ما فعله ربك بقبيلة عاد ، التى جدها إرم بن سام بن نوح ، والتى كانت صاحبة أعمدة عظيمة ترفع عليها بيوتها ، والتى لم يخلق فى بلادها مثلها فى القوة والغنى .وعلمت - أيضا - ما فعله ربك بقوم ثمود ، الذين قطعوا صخر الجبال ، واتخذوا منها والعساكر الذين يشدون ملكه .
وقوله: ( وَثَمُودَ الَّذِينَ جَابُوا الصَّخْرَ بِالْوَادِ ) يقول: وبثمود الذين خرقوا الصخر ودخلوه فاتخذوه بيوتا، كما قال جلّ ثناؤه: وَكَانُوا يَنْحِتُونَ مِنَ الْجِبَالِ بُيُوتًا آمِنِينَ والعرب تقول: جاب فلان الفلاة يجوبها جوبا: إذا دخلها وقطعها، ومنه قول نابغة:أتـاكَ أبُـو لَيْـلَى يَجُـوبُ بِـهِ الدُّجَىدُجَـى اللَّيـلِ جَـوّابُ الفَـلاةِ عَمِيـمُ (3)يعني بقوله: يجوب يدخل ويقطع.وبنحو الذي قلنا في ذلك قال أهل التأويل.* ذكر من قال ذلك:حدثني عليّ، قال: ثنا أبو صالح، قال: ثني معاوية، عن عليّ، عن ابن عباس، في قوله: ( وَثَمُودَ الَّذِينَ جَابُوا الصَّخْرَ بِالْوَادِ ) يقول: فخرقوها.حدثني محمد بن سعد، قال: ثني أبي، قال: ثني عمي، قال: ثني أبي، عن أبيه، عن ابن عباس: ( وَثَمُودَ الَّذِينَ جَابُوا الصَّخْرَ بِالْوَادِ ) يعني: ثمود قوم صالح، كانوا ينحتون من الجبال بيوتا.حدثني محمد بن عمارة، قال: ثنا عبيد الله بن موسى، قال: أخبرنا إسرائيل، عن أبي يحيى، عن مجاهد في قوله: ( الَّذِينَ جَابُوا الصَّخْرَ بِالْوَادِ ) قال: جابوا الجبال، فجعلوها بيوتا.حدثنا بشر، قال: ثنا يزيد، قال: ثنا سعيد، عن قتادة قوله: ( وَثَمُودَ الَّذِينَ جَابُوا الصَّخْرَ بِالْوَادِ ) : جابوها ونحتوها بيوتا.حدثنا ابن عبد الأعلى، قال: ثنا ابن ثور، عن معمر، عن قتادة، قال: ( جَابُوا الصَّخْرَ ) قال: نَقبوا الصخر.حُدثت عن الحسين، قال: سمعت أبا معاذ يقول: ثنا عبيد، قال: سمعت الضحاك يقول في قوله: ( جَابُوا الصَّخْرَ بِالْوَادِ ) يقول: قَدُّوا الحجارة.حدثني يونس، قال: أخبرنا ابن وهب، قال: قال ابن زيد في قوله: ( الَّذِينَ جَابُوا الصَّخْرَ بِالْوَادِ ) : ضربوا البيوت والمساكن في الصخر في الجبال، حتى جعلوا فيها مساكن. جابوا: جوّبوها تجوّبوا البيوت في الجبال، قال قائل:ألا كُـلُّ شَـيْءٍ مـا خَـلا اللـهَ بـائِدٌكمَـا بـادَ حَـيٌّ مِـنْ شَـنِيقٍ وَمارِدِهُـمُ ضَرَبُـوا فِـي كُلّ صَلاءَ صَعْدَةٍبــأيْدٍ شِــدَادٍ أيِّــدَاتِ السَّــوَاعِدِ (4)------------------------الهوامش:(3) البيت لأبي ليلى النابغة الجعدي . وفي ( اللسان : جوب ) وجاب الشيء جوبا واجتابه : خرقه ، وجاب الصخرة جوبا : نقبها وفي التنزيل العزيز : { وثمود الذين جابوا الصخرة بالواد } قال الفراء : جابوا : خرقوا الصخر فاتخذوه بيوتا . ونحو ذلك قال الزجاج : واعتبره بقوله : { وتنحتون من الجبال بيوتا فارهين } . وجاب يجوب جوبا : قطع وخرق . ا هـ .(4) هذان البيتان لا أعرف قائلهما ، ولست على ثقة من بعض ألفاظهما ، ولعل قوله : " صلاء صعدة " محرف عن " صعداء صلة " والصعداء : الأكمة يصعب ارتقاؤها . والصلة : الأرض اليابسة ، جمعها : صلال .
( وثمود ) أي : وبثمود ، ( الذين جابوا الصخر ) قطعوا الحجر ، واحدتها : صخرة ، ( بالواد ) يعني [ وادي القرى ] كانوا يقطعون الجبال فيجعلون فيها بيوتا . وأثبت ابن كثير ويعقوب الياء في الوادي وصلا ووقفا على الأصل ، وأثبتها ورش وصلا والآخرون بحذفها في الحالين على وفق رءوس الآي .
وَثَمُودَ الَّذِينَ جَابُوا الصَّخْرَ بِالْوَادِ (9) ومُنع { ثمود } من الصرف لأن المراد به الأمة المعروفة ، ووصف باسم الموصول لجمع المذكّر في قوله : { الذين جابوا } دون أن يقول التي جابت الصخر بتأويل القوم فلما وُصف عدل عن تأنيثه تفنناً في الأسلوب .ومعنى { جابوا } : قطعوا ، أي نَحتوا الصخر واتخذوا فيه بيوتاً كما قال تعالى : { وتنحتون من الجبال بيوتاً } [ الشعراء : 149 ] وقد قيل : إن ثمود أول أمم البشر نحتوا الصخر والرخام .و { الصخر } : الحجارة العظيمة .والواد : اسم لأرض كائنةٍ بين جبلين منخفضة ، ومنه سمي مجرى الماء الكثير واداً وفيه لغتان : أن يكون آخره دَالاً ، وأن يكون آخره ياء ساكنةً بعد الدال .وقرأ الجمهور بدون ياء . وقرأه ابن كثير ويعقوب بياء في آخره وصلا ووقفاً ، وقرأه ورش عن نافع بياء في الوصل وبدونها في الوقف وهي قراءة مبنية على مراعاة الفواصل مثل ما تقدم في قوله تعالى : { والليل إذا يسر } [ الفجر : 4 ] وهو مرسوم في المصحف بدون ياء والقراءات تعتمد الرواية بالسمع لا رسم المصحف إذ المقصود من كتابة المصاحف أن يتذكر بها الحفاظ ما عسى أن ينسَوْه .والواد : علَم بالغلبة على منازل ثمود ، ويقال له : وادي القُرى ، بإضافته إلى «القرى» التي بنتها ثمود فيه ويسمى أيضاً «الحِجر» بكسر الحاء وسكون الجيم ، ويقال لها : «حِجر ثمود» وهو واد بين خيبر وتَيْماء في طريق الماشي من المدينة إلى الشام ، ونزله اليهود بعد ثمود لما نزلوا بلادَ العرب ، ونزله من قبائل العرب قُضاعة وجهينة ، وعُذرة وبَليٌّ .وكان غزاه النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم وفتحه سنة سبع فأسلم من فيه من العرب وصُولحت اليهود على جِزْيَةٍ .والباء في قوله : { بالواد } للظرفية .
{ وَثَمُودَ الَّذِينَ جَابُوا الصَّخْرَ بِالْوَادِ } أي: وادي القرى، نحتوا بقوتهم الصخور، فاتخذوها مساكن.
قوله تعالى : وثمود الذين جابوا الصخر بالواد ثمود : هم قوم صالح . وجابوا : قطعوا . ومنه : فلان يجوب البلاد ، أي يقطعها . وإنما [ ص: 43 ] سمي جيب القميص ; لأنه جيب أي قطع . قال الشاعر وكان قد نزل على ابن الزبير بمكة ، فكتب له بستين وسقا يأخذها بالكوفة . فقال :راحت رواحا قلوصي وهي حامدة آل الزبير ولم تعدل بهم أحدا راحت بستين وسقا في حقيبتهاما حملت حملها الأدنى ولا السددا ما إن رأيت قلوصا قبلها حملتستين وسقا ولا جابت به بلداأي قطعت . قال المفسرون : أول من نحت الجبال والصور والرخام : ثمود . فبنوا من المدائن ألفا وسبعمائة مدينة كلها من الحجارة . ومن الدور والمنازل ألفي ألف وسبعمائة ألف ، كلها من الحجارة . وقد قال تعالى : وكانوا ينحتون من الجبال بيوتا آمنين . وكانوا لقوتهم يخرجون الصخور ، وينقبون الجبال ، ويجعلونها بيوتا لأنفسهم . بالوادي أي بوادي القرى قاله محمد بن إسحاق . وروى أبو الأشهب عن أبي نضرة قال : أتى رسول الله - صلى الله عليه وسلم - في غزاة تبوك على وادي ثمود ، وهو على فرس أشقر ، فقال : " أسرعوا السير ، فإنكم في واد ملعون " . وقيل : الوادي بين جبال ، وكانوا ينقبون في تلك الجبال بيوتا ودورا وأحواضا . وكل منفرج بين جبال أو تلال يكون مسلكا للسيل ومنفذا فهو واد .
Man passes through two sets of circumstances in the world—sometimes finding or receiving things and sometimes losing them. Both eventualities, meant to gauge human reactions to different conditions, are for the purpose of putting man to the test. If the individual starts to boast when he receives something and acts negatively when things are taken away from him, he has failed the test.
They are introduced here by the epithet: ذَاتِ الْعِمَادِ (the men of tall pillars) The word ` imad' and 'amud' means 'pillar'. The people of ` Ad are mentioned as the men of tall pillars because they were very tall in stature. They were a stronger and more powerful people than any other nations. The Qur'an describes them explicitly, thus: لَمْ يُخْلَقْ مِثْلُهَا فِي الْبِلَادِ (the like of whom were never created in the lands...89:8) The Qur'an made it clear that this nation was the tallest and the strongest in their physical stature, but the Qur'an did not state the exact measurement of the people because it was unnecessary [ for Qur'anic purposes ]. Therefore, that detail has been left out. Israelite traditions, however, narrate such incredible reports about their stature, height and power that are difficult to believe. It is reported from Sayyidna Ibn ` Abbas ؓ and Muqatil that they were six yards or eighteen feet [ 5.46] tall. This too seems to be derived from Israelite reports. And Allah knows best! Some commentators say that 'Iram' is the name of the 'paradise' which ` Ad's son Shaddad had built. The epithet 'possessor of tall pillars' [ translated above as 'men of tall pillars'] is used for him. The [ so-called paradise ] was a lofty structure standing on tall pillars built with gold and silver and studded with jewels, gems and other precious stones, so that people may prefer an instant and ready at hand paradise instead of Paradise of the Hereafter. When this magnificent palace was ready for use, and Shaddad, together with the leaders of his kingdom, wanted to enter, Divine punishment overtook them. They, together with the palaces, were completely destroyed. [ Qurtubi ]. In this interpretation, the verse refers to a specific punishment which descended upon the paradise built by ` Ad's son Shaddad. In the first interpretation, which the majority of the commentators prefer, it refers to all the punishments that descended upon the nation of ` Ad.
(And with (the tribe of) Thamud) He says: and how He destroyed Thamud, the people of Salih, (who clove the rocks in the valley) of Qura;
Which was revealed in Makkah Recitation of Surat Al-Fajr in the Prayer An-Nasa'i recorded a narration from Jabir that Mu`adh prayed a prayer and a man came and joined him in the prayer. Mu`adh made the prayer long, so the man went and prayed (alone) at the side of the Masjid, and then left. When Mu`adh was informed of this he said, "(He is) a hypocrite." He (Mu`adh) then informed the Messenger of Allah ﷺ of what happened. The Prophet then asked the young man (about it) and he replied, "O Messenger of Allah! I came to pray with him, but he made the prayer too long for me. So I left him and prayed at the side of the Masjid. Then I went to feed my she-camel." The Messenger of Allah ﷺ then said, «أَفَتَّانٌ يَا مُعَاذُ؟ أَيْنَ أَنْتَ مِنْ سَبِّحِ اسْمَ رَبِّكَ الاّعْلَى وَالشَّمْسِ وَضُحَـهَا وَالْفَجْرِ وَالَّيْلِ إِذَا يَغْشَى » (Are you causing trouble Mu`adh Why don't you recite (`Glorify the Name of your Lord the Most High'), (`By the sun and its brightness'), (`By the dawn'), (and (`By the night as it envelops')) بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَـنِ الرَّحِيمِ In the Name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful The Explanation of Al-Fajr and what comes after it Concerning Al-Fajr, it is well known that it is the morning. This was said by `Ali, Ibn `Abbas, `Ikrimah, Mujahid and As-Suddi. It has been reported from Masruq and Muhammad bin Ka`b that Al-Fajr refers to the day of Sacrifice (An-Nahr) in particular, and it is the last of the ten nights. `The ten nights' refers to the (first) ten days of Dhul-Hijjah. This was said by Ibn `Abbas, Ibn Zubayr, Mujahid and others among the Salaf and the latter generations. It has been confirmed in Sahih Al-Bukhari from Ibn `Abbas that the Prophet said, «مَا مِنْ أَيَّامٍ الْعَمَلُ الصَّالِحُ أَحَبُّ إِلَى اللهِ فِيهِنَّ مِنْ هذِهِ الْأَيَّام» (There are no days in which righteous deeds are more beloved to Allah than these days.) meaning the ten days of Dhul-Hijjah. They said, "Not even fighting Jihad in the way of Allah" He replied, «وَلَا الْجِهَادُ فِي سَبِيلِ اللهِ، إِلَّا رَجُلًا خَرَجَ بِنَفْسِهِ وَمَالِهِ ثُمَّ لَمْ يَرْجِعْ مِنْ ذلِكَ بِشَيْء» (Not even Jihad in the way of Allah; except for a man who goes out (for Jihad) with his self and his wealth, and he does not return with any of that.) Explanation of Night Concerning Allah's statement, وَالَّيْلِ إِذَا يَسْرِ (And by the night when it departs.) Al-`Awfi reported from Ibn `Abbas that he said, "When it goes away." `Abdullah bin Zubayr said, وَالَّيْلِ إِذَا يَسْرِ (And by the night when it departs.) "As some parts of it remove other parts of it." Mujahid, Abu Al-`Aliyah, Qatadah, and Malik who reported it from Zayd bin Aslam and Ibn Zayd, they all said; وَالَّيْلِ إِذَا يَسْرِ (And by the night when it departs.) "When it moves along." Concerning Allah's statement, هَلْ فِى ذَلِكَ قَسَمٌ لِّذِى حِجْرٍ (There is indeed in them sufficient proofs for men with Hijr!) meaning, for he who possesses intellect, sound reasoning, understanding and religious discernment. The intellect has only been called Hijr because it prevents the person from doing that which is not befitting of him of actions and statement. From this we see the meaning of Hijr Al-Bayt because it prevents the person performing Tawaf from clinging the wall facing Ash-Sham. Also the term Hijr Al-Yamamah (the cage of the pigeon) is derived from this meaning (i.e., prevention). It is said, "Hajara Al-Hakim so-and-so (The judge passed a judgement preventing so-and-so)," when his judgement prevents the person from his liberty (i.e., of freely utilizing his wealth). Allah says, وَيَقُولُونَ حِجْراً مَّحْجُوراً (And they will say: "Hijr Mahjur.") (25:22) All of these examples are different cases but their meanings are quite similar. The oath that is referred to here is about the times of worship and the acts of worship themselves, such as Hajj, Salah and other acts of worship that Allah's pious, obedient, servants who fear Him and are humble before Him, seeking His Noble Face, perform in order to draw nearer to Him. Mentioning the Destruction of `Ad After mentioning these people, and their worship and obedience, Allah says, أَلَمْ تَرَ كَيْفَ فَعَلَ رَبُّكَ بِعَادٍ (Saw you not how your Lord dealt with `Ad) These were people who were rebellious, disobedient, arrogant, outside of His obedience, deniers of His Messengers and rejectors of His Scriptures. Thus, Allah mentions how He destroyed them, annihilated them and made them legends to be spoken of and an exemplary lesson of warning. He says, أَلَمْ تَرَ كَيْفَ فَعَلَ رَبُّكَ بِعَادٍ - إِرَمَ ذَاتِ الْعِمَادِ (Saw you not how your Lord dealt with `Ad Iram of the pillars,) These were the first people of `Ad. They were the descendants of `Ad bin Iram bin `Aws bin Sam bin Nuh. This was said by Ibn Ishaq. They are those to whom Allah sent His Messenger Hud. However, they rejected and opposed him. Therefore, Allah saved him and those who believed with him from among them, and He destroyed others with a furious, violent wind. سَخَّرَهَا عَلَيْهِمْ سَبْعَ لَيَالٍ وَثَمَـنِيَةَ أَيَّامٍ حُسُوماً فَتَرَى الْقَوْمَ فِيهَا صَرْعَى كَأَنَّهُمْ أَعْجَازُ نَخْلٍ خَاوِيَةٍ - فَهَلْ تَرَى لَهُم مِّن بَاقِيَةٍ (Which Allah imposed on them for seven nights and eight days in succession, so that you could see men lying overthrown, as if they were hollow trunks of date palms! Do you see any remnants of them) (69: 7-8) Allah mentioned their story in the Qur'an in more than one place, so that the believers may learn a lesson from their demise. Allah then says, إِرَمَ ذَاتِ الْعِمَادِ (Iram of the pillars.) This is an additional explanation that adds clarification who they actually were. Concerning His saying, ذَاتِ الْعِمَادِ (of the pillars.) is because they used to live in trellised houses that were raised with firm pillars. They were the strongest people of their time in their physical stature, and they were the mightiest people in power. Thus, Hud reminded them of this blessing, and he directed them to use this power in the obedience of their Lord Who had created them. He said, وَاذكُرُواْ إِذْ جَعَلَكُمْ خُلَفَآءَ مِن بَعْدِ قَوْمِ نُوحٍ وَزَادَكُمْ فِى الْخَلْقِ بَسْطَةً فَاذْكُرُواْ ءَالآءَ اللَّهِ لَعَلَّكُمْ تُفْلِحُونَ (And remember that He made you successors after the people of Nuh and increased you amply in stature. So remember the graces from Allah so that you may be successful.)(7:69) Allah also said, فَأَمَّا عَادٌ فَاسْتَكْبَرُواْ فِى الاٌّرْضِ بِغَيْرِ الْحَقِّ وَقَالُواْ مَنْ أَشَدُّ مِنَّا قُوَّةً أَوَلَمْ يَرَوْاْ أَنَّ اللَّهَ الَّذِى خَلَقَهُمْ هُوَ أَشَدُّ مِنْهُمْ قُوَّةً (As for 'Ad, they were arrogant in the land without right, and they said: "Who is mightier than us in strength" See they not that Allah Who created them was mightier in strength than them.) (41:15) And Allah says here, الَّتِى لَمْ يُخْلَقْ مِثْلُهَا فِى الْبِلَـدِ (The like of which were not created in the land) meaning, there had been none created like them in their land, due to their strength, power and their great physical stature. Mujahid said, "Iram was an ancient nation who were the first people of `Ad." Qatadah bin Di`amah and As-Suddi both said, "Verily, Iram refers to the House of the kingdom of `Ad." This latter statement is good and strong. Concerning Allah's statement, الَّتِى لَمْ يُخْلَقْ مِثْلُهَا فِى الْبِلَـدِ (The like of which were not created in the land) Ibn Zayd considered the pronoun of discussion here to refer to the pillars, due to their loftiness. He said, "They built pillars among the hills, the likes of which had not been constructed in their land before." However, Qatadah and Ibn Jarir considered the pronoun of discussion to refer to the tribe (of `Ad), meaning that there was no tribe that had been created like this tribe in the land - meaning during their time. And this latter view is the correct position. The saying of Ibn Zayd and those who follow his view is a weak one, because if He intended that, He would have said "The like of which were not produced in the land." But He said: لَمْ يُخْلَقْ مِثْلُهَا فِى الْبِلَـدِ (The like of which were not created in the land.) Then Allah says, وَثَمُودَ الَّذِينَ جَابُواْ الصَّخْرَ بِالْوَادِ (And Thamud, who hewed (Jabu) rocks in the valley) meaning, they cut the rocks in the valley. Ibn `Abbas said, "They carved them and they hewed them." This was also said by Mujahid, Qatadah, Ad-Dahhak and Ibn Zayd. From this terminology it is said (in the Arabic language), "the hewing of leopard skin" when it is torn, and "The hewing of a garment" when it is opened. The word `Jayb' (pocket or opening in a garment) also comes from Jabu. Allah says, وَتَنْحِتُونَ مِنَ الْجِبَالِ بُيُوتاً فَـرِهِينَ (And you hew in the mountains, houses with great skill.) (26:149) A Mention of Fir`awn Allah then says, وَفِرْعَوْنَ ذِى الاٌّوْتَادِ (And Fir`awn with Al-Awtad) Al-`Awfi reported from Ibn `Abbas that he said, "Al-Awtad are the armies who enforced his commands for him." It has also been said that Fir`awn used to nail their hands and their feet into pegs (Awtad) of iron that he would hang them from. A similar statement was made by Mujahid when he said, "He used to nail the people (up) on pegs." Sa`id bin Jubayr, Al-Hasan and As-Suddi all said the same thing. Allah said, الَّذِينَ طَغَوْاْ فِى الْبِلَـدِ - فَأَكْثَرُواْ فِيهَا الْفَسَادَ (Who did transgress beyond bounds in the lands. And made therein much mischief.) meaning, they rebelled, were arrogant, and went about making corruption in the land, and harming the people. فَصَبَّ عَلَيْهِمْ رَبُّكَ سَوْطَ عَذَابٍ (So, your Lord poured on them different kinds of severe torment.) meaning, He sent down a torment upon them from the sky and caused them to be overcome by a punishment that could not be repelled from the people who were criminals. The Lord is Ever Watchful Concerning Allah's statement, إِنَّ رَبَّكَ لَبِالْمِرْصَادِ (Verily, your Lord is Ever Watchful.) Ibn `Abbas said, "He hears and He sees." This means that He watches over His creation in that which they do, and He will reward them in this life and in the Hereafter based upon what each of them strove for. He will bring all of the creation before Him and He will judge them with justice. He will requit each of them with that which he deserves, for He is far removed from injustice and tyranny.