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أَلَّا تَعۡبُدُوۤا۟ إِلَّا ٱللَّهَۚ إِنَّنِی لَكُم مِّنۡهُ نَذِیرࣱ وَبَشِیرࣱ ۝٢
allā taʿbudū illā l-laha innanī lakum min'hu nadhīrun wabashīru
Hud / Hud (11:2)
Connections 3 single-source 1 commentator

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Abdel Haleem

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[Say, Prophet], ‘Worship no one but God. I am sent to you from Him to warn and to give good news
allā taʿbudū illā l-laha innanī lakum min'hu nadhīrun wabashīru

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Tafsir Commentary

Which was revealed in Makkah Surah Hud made the Prophet's Hair turn Gray Abu `Isa At-Tirmidhi recorded from Ibn `Abbas that Abu Bakr said, "O Messenger of Allah, verily your hair has turned gray." The Prophet replied, «شَيَّبَتْنِي هُودٌ وَالْوَاقِعَةُ وَالْمُرْسَلَاتُ وَعَمَّ يَتَسَاءَلُونَ وَإِذَا الشَّمْسُ كُوِّرَت» (Surahs Hud, Al-Waqi`ah, Al-Mursalat, `Amma Yatasa'lun An-Naba' and Idhash-Shamsu Kuwwirat At-Takwir have turned my hair gray.) In another narration he said, «هُودٌ وَأَخَوَاتُهَا» (Surah Hud and its sisters...) بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَـنِ الرَّحِيمِ In the Name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. The Qur'an and its Call to (worship) Allah Alone A discussion concerning the letters of the alphabet (which appear at the beginning of some chapters of the Qur'an) has already preceded at the beginning of Surat Al-Baqarah. That discussion is sufficient without any need for repetition here. Concerning Allah's statement, أُحْكِمَتْ ءايَـتُهُ ثُمَّ فُصِّلَتْ (The Ayat whereof are perfect and then explained in detail) This means perfect in its wording, detailed in its meaning. Thus, it is complete in its form and its meaning. This interpretation was reported from Mujahid and Qatadah, and Ibn Jarir At-Tabari preferred it. Concerning the meaning of Allah's statement, مِن لَّدُنْ حَكِيمٍ خَبِيرٍ (from One (Allah), Who is All-Wise, Well-Acquainted.) This means that it (the Qur'an) is from Allah, Who is Most Wise in His statements and His Laws, and Most Aware of the final outcome of matters. أَلاَّ تَعْبُدُواْ إِلاَّ اللَّهَ ((Saying) worship none but Allah.) This means that this Qur'an descended, perfect and detailed, with the purpose of Allah's worship alone, without any partners. This is similar to the statement of Allah, the Exalted, وَمَآ أَرْسَلْنَا مِن قَبْلِكَ مِن رَّسُولٍ إِلاَّ نُوحِى إِلَيْهِ أَنَّهُ لا إِلَـهَ إِلاَّ أَنَاْ فَاعْبُدُونِ (And We did not send any Messenger before you but We revealed to him (saying): There is no God but I, so worship Me.) 21:25 It is similar to Allah's statement, وَلَقَدْ بَعَثْنَا فِى كُلِّ أُمَّةٍ رَّسُولاً أَنِ اعْبُدُواْ اللَّهَ وَاجْتَنِبُواْ الْطَّـغُوتَ (And verily, We have sent among every Ummah a Messenger (proclaiming): `Worship Allah (Alone), and avoid Taghut (calling false deities.)')16:36 In reference to Allah's statement, إِنَّنِى لَكُمْ مِّنْهُ نَذِيرٌ وَبَشِيرٌ (Verily, I am unto you from Him a warner and a bringer of glad tidings.) This means, "Verily, I am unto you a warner of the punishment if you oppose Him (Allah), and a bringer of the good news of reward if you obey Him." This meaning has been recorded in the authentic Hadith which states that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ ascended mount As-Safa and called out to his near relatives of the Quraysh tribe. When they gathered around him, he said, «يَا مَعْشَرَ قُرَيْشٍ أَرَأَيْتُمْ لَوْ أَخْبَرْتُكُمْ أَنَّ خَيْلًا تُصَبِّحُكُمْ أَلَسْتُمْ مُصَدِّقِيَّ؟» (O people of Quraysh, if I informed you that a cavalry was going to attack you in the morning, would you not believe me) They replied, "We have not found you to be a liar." He said, «فَإِنِّي نَذِيرٌ لَكُمْ بَيْنَ يَدَي عَذَابٍ شَدِيد» (Verily I am a warner unto you before a severe punishment.) Concerning His statement, وَأَنِ اسْتَغْفِرُواْ رَبَّكُمْ ثُمَّ تُوبُواْ إِلَيْهِ يُمَتِّعْكُمْ مَّتَاعًا حَسَنًا إِلَى أَجَلٍ مُّسَمًّى وَيُؤْتِ كُلَّ ذِي فَضْلٍ فَضْلَهُ (And (commanding you): `Seek the forgiveness of your Lord, and turn to Him in repentance, that He may grant you good enjoyment, for a term appointed, and bestow His abounding grace to every owner of grace.) This means, "I am commanding you to seek forgiveness from previous sins and to turn to Allah from future sins, and thereafter you abide by that." يُمَتِّعْكُمْ مَّتَاعًا حَسَنًا (that He may grant you good enjoyment,) This is in reference to this worldly life. إِلَى أَجَلٍ مُّسَمًّى وَيُؤْتِ كُلَّ ذِي فَضْلٍ فَضْلَهُ (for a term appointed, and bestow His abounding grace to every owner of grace.) This refers to the Hereafter, according to Qatadah. "This is like the statement of Allah, مَنْ عَمِلَ صَـلِحاً مِّن ذَكَرٍ أَوْ أُنْثَى وَهُوَ مُؤْمِنٌ فَلَنُحْيِيَنَّهُ حَيَوةً طَيِّبَةً (Whoever works righteousness -- whether male or female -- while a true believer, verily to him We will give a good life.)16:97 Concerning Allah's statement, وَإِن تَوَلَّوْاْ فَإِنِّي أَخَافُ عَلَيْكُمْ عَذَابَ يَوْمٍ كَبِيرٍ (But if you turn away, then I fear for you the torment of a Great Day.) This is a severe threat for whoever turns away from the commandments of Allah, the Exalted, and rejects His Messengers. Verily, the punishment will afflict such a person on the Day of Resurrection and there will be no escape from it. إِلَى الله مَرْجِعُكُمْ (To Allah is your return,) This is means your return on the Day of Judgement. وَهُوَ عَلَى كُلِّ شَىْءٍ قَدِيرٌ (and He is able to do all things.) This means that He is capable of doing whatever He wishes, whether it be goodness towards His Awliya' (friends and allies), or vengeance upon His enemies. This also includes His ability to repeat the creation of His creatures on the Day of Resurrection. This section encourages fear, just as the previous section encourages hope.
Saying ‘Worship none but God. Truly I am to you a warner from Him of chastisement if you disbelieve and a bearer of good tidings’ of reward if you believe.
[Saying:] 'Worship none but God, that is, this [Book] utters to you by the tongue of the state and through proofs that you should not associate anything in the worship of God and that you should devote worship exclusively to Him. Truly I am to you a warner from Him and a bearer of good tidings': speech by the tongue of the Messenger, namely, that I bring you a warning from the Wise and Informed One of the punishment of idolatrous association and its corollaries, and I [also] bring you good tidings from Him of the reward of affirming [His] Oneness and the benefits thereof.
[Saying:] 'Worship none but God, that is, this [Book] utters to you by the tongue of the state and through proofs that you should not associate anything in the worship of God and that you should devote worship exclusively to Him. Truly I am to you a warner from Him and a bearer of good tidings': speech by the tongue of the Messenger, namely, that I bring you a warning from the Wise and Informed One of the punishment of idolatrous association and its corollaries, and I [also] bring you good tidings from Him of the reward of affirming [His] Oneness and the benefits thereof.
وإنزال القرآن وبيان أحكامه وتفصيلها وإحكامها؛ لأجل أن لا تعبدوا إلا الله وحده لا شريك له. إنني لكم -أيها الناس- من عند الله نذير ينذركم عقابه، وبشير يبشِّركم بثوابه.
"ألا تعبدوا إلا الله" أي نزل هذا القرآن المحكم المفصل لعبادة الله وحده لا شريك له كقوله تعالى "وما أرسلنا من قبلك من رسول إلا نوحي إليه أنه لا إله إلا أنا فاعبدون" وقال "ولقد بعثنا في كل أمة رسولا أن اعبدوا الله واجتنبوا الطاغوت" وقوله "إنني لكم منه نذير وبشير" أي إني لكم نذير من العذاب إن خالفتموه وبشير بالثواب إن أطعتموه كما جاء في الحديث الصحيح أن رسول الله صلي الله عليه وسلم صعد الصفا فدعا بطون قريش الأقرب ثم الأقرب فاجتمعوا فقال "يا معشر قريش أرأيتم لو أخبرتكم أن خيلا تصبحكم ألستم مصدقي ؟" فقالوا ما جربنا عليك كذبا قال "فإنى نذير لكم بين يدي عذاب شديد".
وقوله : ( أَلاَّ تعبدوا إِلاَّ الله ) جملة تعليلية ، أى : أنه - سبحانه - فعل ما فعل من إحكام الكتاب وتفصيله وتنزيله من لدن حكيم خبير ، لكى تخلصوا له العبادة والطاعة ، وتتركوا عبادة غيره؛ لأن من أنزل هذا الكتاب المعجز ، من حقه أن يفرد بالخضوع والاستعانة .وقوله : ( إِنَّنِي لَكُمْ مِّنْهُ نَذِيرٌ وَبَشِيرٌ ) بيان لوظيفة الرسول - صلى الله عليه وسلم - .والضمير المجرور فى " منه " يعود على الله - تعالى - .أى : عليكم - أيها الناس - أن تخلصوا لله - تعالى - العبادة والطاعة ، فإنه - سبحانه - قد أرسلني إليكم لكى أنذر الذين فسقوا عن أمره بسوء العاقبة ، وأبشر الذين استجابوا لدعوته بحسن المثوبة .وقدم - سبحانه - الإِنذار على التبشير؛ لأن الخطاب موجه إلى الكافرين ، الذين أشركوا مع الله آلهة أخرى .قال بعضهم : " والجمع بين النذارة والبشارة ، لمقابلة ما نضمته الجملة الأولى من طلب ترك عبادة غير الله . بطريق النهى ، وطلب عبادة الله بطريق الاستثناء ، فالنذارة ترجع إلى الجزء الأول ، والبشارة ترجع إلى الجزء الثاني " .
القول في تأويل قوله تعالى : أَلا تَعْبُدُوا إِلا اللَّهَ إِنَّنِي لَكُمْ مِنْهُ نَذِيرٌ وَبَشِيرٌ (2)قال أبو جعفر : يقول تعالى ذكره: ثم فُصّلت بأن لا تعبدوا إلا الله وحده لا شريك له ، وتخلعوا الآلهة والأنداد. ثم قال تعالى ذكره لنبيه محمد صلى الله عليه وسلم: قل ، يا محمد ، للناس (إنني لكم ) ، من عند الله ، (نذير) ينذركم عقابه على معاصيه وعبادة الأصنام ، (وبشير) ، يبشركم بالجزيل من الثواب على طاعته وإخلاص العبادة والألُوهَةِ له. (18)-------------------------الهوامش :(18) انظر تفسير " النذير " فيما سلف ص : 215 ، تعليق : 2 ، والمراجع هناك .، وتفسير " البشير " فيما سلف من فهارس اللغة ( بشر ) .
( ألا تعبدوا إلا الله ) أي : وفي ذلك الكتاب : أن لا تعبدوا إلا الله ، ويكون محل " أن " رفعا . وقيل : محله خفض ، تقديره : بأن لا تعبدوا إلا الله ، ( إنني لكم منه ) أي : من الله ( نذير ) للعاصين ، ( وبشير ) للمطيعين .
( أنْ ) تفسيرية لما في معنى { أحكمت آياتُه ثُم فصلت } [ هود : 1 ] من الدلالة على أقوال محكمة ومفصلة فكأنه قيل : أوحي إليك في هذا الكتاب أن لا تعبدوا إلا الله ، فهذه الجملة تفسيرية لما أحكم من الآيات لأن النهي عن عبادة غير الله وإيجاب عبادة الله هو أصل الدين ، وإليه مرجع جميع الصفات التي ثبتت لله تعالى بالدليل ، وهو الذي يتفرع عنه جميع التفاصيل ، ولذلك تكرر الأمر بالتوحيد والاستدلال عليه في القرآن ، وأن أول آية نزلت كان فيها الأمرُ بملابسة اسم الله لأول قراءة القرآن في قوله تعالى : { اقرأ باسم ربك الذي خلق } [ العلق : 1 ].والخطاب في { ألاَّ تعبدوا } وضمائر الخطاب التي بعده موجهة إلى الذين لم يؤمنوا وهم كل من يسمع هذا الكلام المأمور بإبلاغه إليهم .وجملة : { إنني لكم منه نذير وبشير } معترضة بين جملة { ألا تعبدوا إلا الله } [ هود : 1 ] وجملة { وأن استغفروا ربكم } [ هود : 3 ] الآية ، وهو اعتراض للتحذير من مخالفة النهي والتحريض على امتثاله .ووقوع هذا الاعتراض عقب الجملة الأولى التي هي من الآيات المحكمات إشعارٌ بأن مضمونه من الآيات المحكمات وإن لم تكن الجملة تفسيرية وذلك لأن شأن الاعتراض أن يكون مناسباً لما وقع بعده وناشئاً منه فإن مضمون البشير والنذير هو جامع عمل الرسول صلى الله عليه وسلم في رسالته فهو بشير لمن آمن وأطاع ، ونذير لمن أعرض وعصى ، وذلك أيضاً جامع للأصول المتعلقة بالرسالة وأحوال الرسل وما أخبروا به من الغيب فاندرج في ذلك العقائد السمعية ، وهذا عين الإحكام .و ( من ) في قوله : { إنني لكم منه } ابتدائية ، أي أني نذير وبشير لكم جائياً من عند الله .والجمع بين النذارة والبشارة لمقابلة ما تضمنته الجملة الأولى من طلب ترك عبادة غير الله بطريق النهي وطلب عبادة الله بطريق الاستثناء ، فالنذارة ترجع إلى الجزء الأول ، والبشارة ترجع إلى الجزء الثاني .
} فإذا كان إحكامه وتفصيله من عند الله الحكيم الخبير، فلا تسأل بعد هذا، عن عظمته وجلالته واشتماله على كمال الحكمة، وسعة الرحمة . وإنما أنزل الله كتابه لـ { أَنْ لَا تَعْبُدُوا إِلَّا اللَّهَ } أي: لأجل إخلاص الدين كله لله، وأن لا يشرك به أحد من خلقه. { إِنَّنِي لَكُمْ } أيها الناس { مِنْهُ } أي: من الله ربكم { نَذِيرٍ } لمن تجرأ على المعاصي بعقاب الدنيا والآخرة، { وَبَشِيرٌ } للمطيعين لله بثواب الدنيا والآخرة.
ألا تعبدوا إلا الله قال الكسائي والفراء : أي بألا ; أي أحكمت ثم فصلت بألا تعبدوا إلا الله . قال الزجاج : لئلا ; أي أحكمت ثم فصلت لئلا تعبدوا إلا الله . قيل : أمر رسوله أن يقول للناس ألا تعبدوا إلا الله .إنني لكم منه أي من الله .نذير أي مخوف من عذابه وسطوته لمن عصاه .وبشير بالرضوان والجنة لمن أطاعه . وقيل : هو من قول الله أولا وآخرا ; أي لا تعبدوا إلا الله إنني لكم منه نذير ; أي الله نذير لكم من عبادة غيره ، كما قال : ويحذركم الله نفسه .
The message of the Quran is that man should not worship anyone except the one and only God. He should make the one and only God his everything; he should fear Him alone and repose his hopes in Him alone; his mind and heart should obey Him alone. In the affairs of his life, he should give prior consideration to His will and pleasure. He should be willing to place himself in the position of a worshipper and give God the status of the worshipped one. The task of the prophet is, in fact, that of making man aware of this position. This has been powerfully and lucidly described in the Quran. Now, what is expected of man is that he should give the correct response to the divine message. He should not ignore it under the influence of such feelings as jealousy, hauteur, vested interest or self-centredness, but duly accept it and turn towards God. He should seek God’s pardon for his past sins and, for the future, he should solicit God’s help. If food is presented to a man and he accepts it, it means that he intends to stimulate his physical growth. On the contrary, if he does not accept the food, it is as if he means to stunt his physical growth. The same holds for the call to the Truth. When a man accepts the Truth, in reality he accepts that Divine provision which enters into him and causes the righteous growth of his soul and his body, and finally takes him to that stage of his spiritual progress which entitles him to enter the Gardens of Paradise. One who does not accept the call to the Truth has, in effect, deprived his soul of the opportunities afforded by Divine uplift. While the acceptor of Truth lives in modesty, the rejecter of Truth will be flawed by hauteur. While the acceptor of Truth will spend each moment of his life in the remembrance of God, the denier of God will spend his time in the remembrance of beings other than God. While the acceptor of Truth adopts the way of obedience to God on all occasions in his life, the denier will instead adopt the way of arrogance. The result of this will be that the former will leave this world with a healthy and developed soul and will be treated as deserving of being settled in the rarefied atmosphere of Paradise. The soul of the latter will be unhealthy and under-developed and will deserve only to be thrown on to the garbage dump of hell.
From the second verse begins the delineation of one of the most important and foremost themes, that of Tauhid, the Oneness of Allah Ta` ala. It is said: أَلَّا تَعْبُدُوا إِلَّا اللَّـهَ (that you worship none but Allah). It means that among things stated in these verses the most important and foremost is that no one else should be worshipped except the One Allah. After that, it was said: إِنَّنِي لَكُم مِّنْهُ نَذِيرٌ‌ وَبَشِيرٌ‌ (Surely, I am for you a warner from Him, and a bearer of glad tidings). It means that the noble messenger of Allah, ﷺ has been commanded to tell the whole world through these verses that he was for them a carrier of warning (against disobedience) and a bearer of glad tidings (of blessings in this life and in the life to come) from Allah. The word: نَذِیر (nadhir) is usually taken to mean a person who puts the fear of something into someone's heart. But, this word is not used to denote a fear-generating enemy or beast or others that harm. In-stead of that, nadhir is applied to a person who, out of his love and affection to someone, warns him against and saves him from some harmful things. These could be things that harm in this world and might as well could be those that bring harm in the Hereafter.
((Saying): Serve) declare the divine Oneness of (none but Allah. Lo! I am Unto you from Him) from Allah (a warner) from the Fire (and a bringer of good tidings) to enter Paradise.