How Ibrahim was thrown into the Fire and how Allah controlled it
When their arguments were refuted and their incapability became clear, when truth was made manifest and falsehood was defeated, they resorted to using their power and strength, and said:
حَرِّقُوهُ وَانصُرُواْ ءَالِهَتَكُمْ إِن كُنتُمْ فَـعِلِينَ
("Burn him and help your gods, if you will be doing.") So they gathered together a huge amount of wood. As-Suddi said, "I if a woman was sick, she would make a vow that if she recovered she would bring wood to burn Ibrahim. Then they made a hole in the ground and set it aflame, and it burned with huge sparks and immense flames. There had never been a fire like it. They put Ibrahim, peace be upon him, into a catapult, at the suggestion of a nomadic Kurdish man from Persia." Shu`ayb Al-Jaba'i said, "His name was Hayzan, and Allah caused the earth to swallow him up, and he will remain sinking into it until the Day of Resurrection. When they threw him he said, `Sufficient for me is Allah, and He is the best disposer of affairs.' " This is similar to what Al-Bukhari recorded from Ibn `Abbas that Ibrahim said, "`Sufficient for me is Allah, and He is the best disposer of affairs," when he was thrown into the fire, and Muhammad ﷺ said it when they said:
إِنَّ النَّاسَ قَدْ جَمَعُواْ لَكُمْ فَاخْشَوْهُمْ فَزَادَهُمْ إِيمَـناً وَقَالُواْ حَسْبُنَا اللَّهُ وَنِعْمَ الْوَكِيلُ
(Verily, the people have gathered against you, therefore, fear them. But it increased them in faith, and they said: "Allah is sufficient for us, and He is the best disposer of affairs.") 3:173. Sa`id bin Jubayr reported that Ibn `Abbas said: "When Ibrahim was thrown into the fire, the keeper (angel) of the rain said: `When will I be commanded to send rain' But the command of Allah was more swift. Allah said:
ينَارُ كُونِى بَرْداً وَسَلَـمَا عَلَى إِبْرَهِيمَ
(O fire! Be you cool and safety for Ibrahim!), and there was no fire left on earth that was not extinguished." Ibn `Abbas and Abu Al-`Aliyah said: "Were it not for the fact that Allah said,
وَسَلَـماً
(and safety), Ibrahim would have been harmed by its coldness." Qatadah said: "On that day there was no creature that did not try to extinguish the fire for Ibrahim, except for the gecko." Az-Zuhri said: "The Prophet commanded that it should be killed, and called it a harmful vermin."
وَأَرَادُواْ بِهِ كَيْداً فَجَعَلْنَـهُمُ الاٌّخْسَرِينَ
(And they wanted to harm him, but We made them the worst losers.) they were defeated and humiliated, because they wanted to plot against the Prophet of Allah, but Allah planned against them and saved him from the fire, and thus they were defeated.
We said ‘O fire! Be coolness and safety for Abraham!’ and so it only consumed the bonds with which he had been tied. Its heat departed but its luminosity remained. And by His words wa-salāman ‘and safety’ Abraham was safe from salima death because of its coolness.
We said, “O fire, be coolness and safety!” For the companions of recognitions and the lords of realities, there is another intimation in this verse. They have said that this was a call to a fire that was made ready in the fireplace of Abra- ham's spirit. When Nimrod placed him in the mangonel, Abraham placed his own secret core in the mangonel of contemplation. As soon as he came near the fire of Nimrod, the burn of witnessing the Real made him want to sigh so as to extinguish Nimrod's fire. The call came, “O fire,” that is, “O fire of witnessing, be coolness. Be cold toward Nimrod's fire and do not exercise your ruling authority over it, for We have decreed that We will bring forth from the midst of the fire a scented garden full of flowers and blossoms to honor Our bosom friend and make manifest a miracle for him. If you extinguish it, it will not become a garden and the miracle will not appear. Be cold toward Nimrod's fire so that the garden may appear, and be safety for Abraham so that the miracle may appear.” Listen to another subtle point, more wonderful than that: Your soul is like Nimrod, the soul's caprice is fire, and your burnt heart is Abraham. The soul has lit up the fire of caprice, placed the heart in the mangonel of disobedient acts with the chains of deception and the fetters of appetite, and thrown it into the fire of caprice. Before it takes one step, intellect comes like someone dis- tracted, a servant-boy to the heart, and says, “Have you any need?” The heart responds, “'Of you, no.' O intellect, do you remember when it was said to you, 'Come!', and you came? It was said, 'Go!,' and you went? It was said, 'Who are you?', and you were at a loss? On that day you did not know your own road. How do you know what is right for me today?” When the heart enters the fire of caprice, the command arrives, “O fire, be coolness! O fire of caprice, be cold for the heart, for it is already burned by love for Me.” For in the lover's heart is the fire of love. The burnt one will not be burned again.
We said, “O fire, be coolness and safety!” For the companions of recognitions and the lords of realities, there is another intimation in this verse. They have said that this was a call to a fire that was made ready in the fireplace of Abra- ham's spirit. When Nimrod placed him in the mangonel, Abraham placed his own secret core in the mangonel of contemplation. As soon as he came near the fire of Nimrod, the burn of witnessing the Real made him want to sigh so as to extinguish Nimrod's fire. The call came, “O fire,” that is, “O fire of witnessing, be coolness. Be cold toward Nimrod's fire and do not exercise your ruling authority over it, for We have decreed that We will bring forth from the midst of the fire a scented garden full of flowers and blossoms to honor Our bosom friend and make manifest a miracle for him. If you extinguish it, it will not become a garden and the miracle will not appear. Be cold toward Nimrod's fire so that the garden may appear, and be safety for Abraham so that the miracle may appear.” Listen to another subtle point, more wonderful than that: Your soul is like Nimrod, the soul's caprice is fire, and your burnt heart is Abraham. The soul has lit up the fire of caprice, placed the heart in the mangonel of disobedient acts with the chains of deception and the fetters of appetite, and thrown it into the fire of caprice. Before it takes one step, intellect comes like someone dis- tracted, a servant-boy to the heart, and says, “Have you any need?” The heart responds, “'Of you, no.' O intellect, do you remember when it was said to you, 'Come!', and you came? It was said, 'Go!,' and you went? It was said, 'Who are you?', and you were at a loss? On that day you did not know your own road. How do you know what is right for me today?” When the heart enters the fire of caprice, the command arrives, “O fire, be coolness! O fire of caprice, be cold for the heart, for it is already burned by love for Me.” For in the lover's heart is the fire of love. The burnt one will not be burned again.
We said, “O fire, be coolness and safety!” For the companions of recognitions and the lords of realities, there is another intimation in this verse. They have said that this was a call to a fire that was made ready in the fireplace of Abra- ham's spirit. When Nimrod placed him in the mangonel, Abraham placed his own secret core in the mangonel of contemplation. As soon as he came near the fire of Nimrod, the burn of witnessing the Real made him want to sigh so as to extinguish Nimrod's fire. The call came, “O fire,” that is, “O fire of witnessing, be coolness. Be cold toward Nimrod's fire and do not exercise your ruling authority over it, for We have decreed that We will bring forth from the midst of the fire a scented garden full of flowers and blossoms to honor Our bosom friend and make manifest a miracle for him. If you extinguish it, it will not become a garden and the miracle will not appear. Be cold toward Nimrod's fire so that the garden may appear, and be safety for Abraham so that the miracle may appear.” Listen to another subtle point, more wonderful than that: Your soul is like Nimrod, the soul's caprice is fire, and your burnt heart is Abraham. The soul has lit up the fire of caprice, placed the heart in the mangonel of disobedient acts with the chains of deception and the fetters of appetite, and thrown it into the fire of caprice. Before it takes one step, intellect comes like someone dis- tracted, a servant-boy to the heart, and says, “Have you any need?” The heart responds, “'Of you, no.' O intellect, do you remember when it was said to you, 'Come!', and you came? It was said, 'Go!,' and you went? It was said, 'Who are you?', and you were at a loss? On that day you did not know your own road. How do you know what is right for me today?” When the heart enters the fire of caprice, the command arrives, “O fire, be coolness! O fire of caprice, be cold for the heart, for it is already burned by love for Me.” For in the lover's heart is the fire of love. The burnt one will not be burned again.
We said, “O fire, be coolness and safety!” For the companions of recognitions and the lords of realities, there is another intimation in this verse. They have said that this was a call to a fire that was made ready in the fireplace of Abra- ham's spirit. When Nimrod placed him in the mangonel, Abraham placed his own secret core in the mangonel of contemplation. As soon as he came near the fire of Nimrod, the burn of witnessing the Real made him want to sigh so as to extinguish Nimrod's fire. The call came, “O fire,” that is, “O fire of witnessing, be coolness. Be cold toward Nimrod's fire and do not exercise your ruling authority over it, for We have decreed that We will bring forth from the midst of the fire a scented garden full of flowers and blossoms to honor Our bosom friend and make manifest a miracle for him. If you extinguish it, it will not become a garden and the miracle will not appear. Be cold toward Nimrod's fire so that the garden may appear, and be safety for Abraham so that the miracle may appear.” Listen to another subtle point, more wonderful than that: Your soul is like Nimrod, the soul's caprice is fire, and your burnt heart is Abraham. The soul has lit up the fire of caprice, placed the heart in the mangonel of disobedient acts with the chains of deception and the fetters of appetite, and thrown it into the fire of caprice. Before it takes one step, intellect comes like someone dis- tracted, a servant-boy to the heart, and says, “Have you any need?” The heart responds, “'Of you, no.' O intellect, do you remember when it was said to you, 'Come!', and you came? It was said, 'Go!,' and you went? It was said, 'Who are you?', and you were at a loss? On that day you did not know your own road. How do you know what is right for me today?” When the heart enters the fire of caprice, the command arrives, “O fire, be coolness! O fire of caprice, be cold for the heart, for it is already burned by love for Me.” For in the lover's heart is the fire of love. The burnt one will not be burned again.
We said, �O fire, be coolness and safety!�For the companions of recognitions and the lords of realities, there is another intimation in this verse. They have said that this was a call to a fire that was made ready in the fireplace of Abra- ham's spirit. When Nimrod placed him in the mangonel, Abraham placed his own secret core in the mangonel of contemplation. As soon as he came near the fire of Nimrod, the burn of witnessing the Real made him want to sigh so as to extinguish Nimrod's fire. The call came, �O fire,� that is, �O fire of witnessing, be coolness. Be cold toward Nimrod's fire and do not exercise your ruling authority over it, for We have decreed that We will bring forth from the midst of the fire a scented garden full of flowers and blossoms to honor Our bosom friend and make manifest a miracle for him. If you extinguish it, it will not become a garden and the miracle will not appear. Be cold toward Nimrod's fire so that the garden may appear, and be safety for Abraham so that the miracle may appear.�Listen to another subtle point, more wonderful than that: Your soul is like Nimrod, the soul's caprice is fire, and your burnt heart is Abraham. The soul has lit up the fire of caprice, placed the heart in the mangonel of disobedient acts with the chains of deception and the fetters of appetite, and thrown it into the fire of caprice. Before it takes one step, intellect comes like someone dis- tracted, a servant-boy to the heart, and says, �Have you any need?�The heart responds, �'Of you, no.' O intellect, do you remember when it was said to you, 'Come!', and you came? It was said, 'Go!,' and you went? It was said, 'Who are you?', and you were at a loss? On that day you did not know your own road. How do you know what is right for me today?�When the heart enters the fire of caprice, the command arrives, �O fire, be coolness! O fire of caprice, be cold for the heart, for it is already burned by love for Me.�For in the lover's heart is the fire of love.The burnt one will not be burned again.
لما بطلت حجتهم وظهر الحق عدلوا إلى استعمال سلطانهم، وقالوا: حَرِّقوا إبراهيم بالنار؛ غضبًا لآلهتكم إن كنتم ناصرين لها. فأشْعَلوا نارًا عظيمة وألقوه فيها، فانتصر الله لرسوله وقال للنار: كوني بردًا وسلامًا على إبراهيم، فلم يَنَلْه فيها أذى، ولم يصبه مكروه.
قال الله " يا نار كونى بردا وسلاما على إبراهيم " قال لم يبق نار في الأرض إلا طفئت وقال كعب الأحبار لم ينتفع أحد يومئذ بنار ولم تحرق النار من إبراهيم سوى وثاقه وقال الثوري عن الأعمش عن شيخ عن علي بن أبي طالب " قلنا يا نار كوني بردا وسلاما على إبراهيم " قال لا تضر به وقال ابن عباس وأبو العالية لولا أن الله عز وجل قال " وسلاما " لآذى إبراهيم بردها وقال جويبر عن الضحاك " كوني بردا وسلاما على إبراهيم " قالوا صنعوا له حظيرة من حطب جزل وأشعلوا فيه النار من كل جانب فأصبح ولم يصبه منها شيء حتى أخمدها الله قال ويذكرون أن جبريل كان معه يمسح وجهه من العرق فلم يصبه منها شيء غير ذلك وقال السدي كان معه فيها ملك الظل. وقال علي بن أبي حاتم حدثنا علي بن الحسين حدثنا يوسف بن موسى حدثنا مهران حدثنا إسماعيل بن أبي خالد عن المنهال بن عمرو قال أخبرت أن إبراهيم ألقي في النار قال فكان فيها إما خمسين وإما أربعين قال ما كنت أياما وليالي قط أطيب عيشا إذ كنت فيها وددت أن عيشي وحياتي كلها مثل عيشي إذ كنت فيها وقال أبو زرعة ابن عمرو بن جرير عن أبي هريرة قال إن أحسن شيء قال أبو إبراهيم لما رفع عنه الطبق وهو في النار وجده يرش جبينه قال عند ذلك نعم الرب ربك يا إبراهيم وقال قتادة لم يأت يومئذ دابة إلا أطفأت عنه النار إلا الوزغ وقال الزهري أمر النبي "صلى الله عليه وسلم" بقتله وسماه فويسقا. وقال ابن أبي حاتم حدثنا عبيد الله بن أخي ابن وهب حدثني عمي حدثنا جرير بن حازم أن نافعا حدثه قال حدثتني مولاة الفاكه بن المغيرة المخزومي قالت دخلت على عائشة فرأيت في بيتها رمحا فقلت: يا أم المؤمنين ما تصنعين بهذا الرمح؟ فقالت نقتل به هذه الأوزاغ إن رسول الله" صلى الله عليه وسلم" قال "إن إبراهيم حين ألقي في النار لم يكن في الأرض دابة إلا تطفئ النار غير الوزغ فإنه كان ينفخ على إبراهيم" فأمرنا رسول الله" صلى الله عليه وسلم" بقتله.
وقوله تعالى : ( قُلْنَا يانار كُونِي بَرْداً وسلاما على إِبْرَاهِيمَ . . ) مسبوق بكلام محذوف يفهم من سياق القصة .والتقدير : وأحضر قوم إبراهيم الحطب ، وأضرموا نيرانا عظيمة ، وألقوا بإبراهيم فيها ، فلما فعلوا ذلك ، قلنا : يا نار كونى - بقدرتنا وأمرنا - ذات برد ، وذات سلام على إبراهيم ، فكانت كما أمرها الله - تعالى - ، وصدق - سبحانه - إذ يقول : ( بَدِيعُ السماوات والأرض وَإِذَا قضى أَمْراً فَإِنَّمَا يَقُولُ لَهُ كُنْ فَيَكُونُ ) وتحولت النار إلى برد وسلام على إبراهيم ، وأراد الكافرون به كيدا ، أى إحراقا بالنار " فجعلناهم " بإرادتنا وقدرتنا " الأخسرين " حيث لم يصلوا إلى ما يريدون ، ولم يحققوا النصر لآلهتهم .
وقوله ( قلنا يا نار كوني بردا وسلاما على إبراهيم) في الكلام متروك اجتزئ بدلالة ما ذكر عليه منه، وهو: فأوقدوا له نارا ليحرقوه ثم ألقوه فيها، فقلنا للنار: يا نار كوني بردا وسلاما على إبراهيم، وذُكر أنهم لما أرادوا إحراقه بنوا له بنيانا، كما حدثنا موسى، قال: ثنا عمرو، قال: ثنا أسباط، عن السديّ، قال قَالُوا ابْنُوا لَهُ بُنْيَانًا فَأَلْقُوهُ فِي الْجَحِيمِ قال: فحبسوه في بيت، وجمعوا له حطبا، حتى إن كانت المرأة لتمرض فتقول: لئن عافاني الله لأجمعنّ حطبا لإبراهيم، فلما جمعوا له، وأكثروا من الحطب (2) حتى إن الطير لتمرّ بها فتحترق من شدة وهجها، فعمدوا إليه فرفعوه على رأس البنيان، فرفع إبراهيم صلى الله عليه وسلم رأسه إلى السماء، فقالت السماء والأرض والجبال والملائكة: ربنا، إبراهيم يحرق فيك، فقال: أنا أعلم به، وإن دعاكم فأغيثوه، وقال إبراهيم حين رفع رأسه إلى السماء: اللهم أنت الواحد في السماء، وأنا الواحد في الأرض ليس في الأرض أحد يعبدك غيري، حسبي الله ونعم الوكيل، فقذفوه في النار، فناداها فقال ( يَا نَارُ كُونِي بَرْدًا وَسَلامًا عَلَى إِبْرَاهِيمَ ) فكان جبريل عليه السلام هو الذي ناداها.وقال ابن عباس: لو لم يتبع بردها سلاما لمات إبراهيم من شدّة بردها، فلم يبق يومئذ نار في الأرض إلا طفئت، ظنت أنها هي تعنى، فلما طُفئت النار نظروا إلى إبراهيم، فإذا هو رجل آخر معه، وإذا رأس إبراهيم في حجره يمسح عن وجهه العرق، وذكر أن ذلك الرجل هو ملك الظلّ، وأنـزل الله نارا فانتفع بها بنو آدم، وأخرجوا إبراهيم، فأدخلوه على الملك، ولم يكن قبل ذلك دخل عليه.حدثني إبراهيم بن المقدام أبو الأشعث، قال: ثنا المعتمر، قال: سمعت أبي، قال: ثنا قتاده، عن أبي سليمان، عن كعب، قال: ما أحرقت النار من إبراهيم إلا وثاقه.حدثنا بشر، قال: ثنا يزيد، قال: ثنا سعيد، عن قتادة، قوله ( قُلْنَا يَا نَارُ كُونِي بَرْدًا وَسَلامًا عَلَى إِبْرَاهِيمَ ) قال: ذُكر لنا أن كعبا كان يقول: ما انتفع بها يومئذ أحد من الناس، وكان كعب يقول: ما أحرقت النار يومئذ إلا وثاقه.حدثنا محمد بن بشار، قال: ثنا مؤمل، قال: ثنا سفيان، عن الأعمش، عن شيخ، عن عليّ بن أبي طالب رضي الله عنه في قوله ( قُلْنَا يَا نَارُ كُونِي بَرْدًا وَسَلامًا عَلَى إِبْرَاهِيمَ ) قال: بردت عليه حتى كادت تقتله، حتى قيل: وسلاما، قال: لا تضرّيه.حدثنا أبو كريب، قال: ثنا جابر بن نوح، قال: أخبرنا إسماعيل، عن المنهال بن عمرو، قال: قال إبراهيم خليل الله: ما كنت أياما قطّ أنعم مني من الأيام التي كنت فيها في النار.حدثنا ابن حميد، قال: ثنا يعقوب، عن جعفر، عن سعيد، قال: لمَّا ألقي إبراهيم خليل الله صلى الله عليه وسلم في النار، قال الملك خازن المطر: رب خليلك إبراهيم، رجا أن يؤذن له فيرسل المطر، قال: فكان أمر الله أسرع من ذلك فقال ( قُلْنَا يَا نَارُ كُونِي بَرْدًا وَسَلامًا عَلَى إِبْرَاهِيمَ ) فلم يبق في الأرض نار إلا طُفئت.حدثنا ابن حميد، قال: ثنا جرير، عن مغيرة، عن الحارث، عن أبي زرعة، عن أبي هريرة، قال: إن أحسن شيء قاله أبو إبراهيم لما رفع عنه الطبق وهو في النار، وجده يرشح جبينه، فقال عند ذلك: نعم الربّ ربك يا إبراهيم.حدثنا القاسم، قال: ثنا الحسين، قال: ثني حجاج، عن ابن جريج، قال: أخبرني وهب بن سليمان عن شعيب الجَبَسِي، قال: ألقي إبراهيم في النار وهو ابن ستّ عشرة سنة، وذبح إسحاق وهو ابن سبع سنين، وولدته سارة وهي ابنة تسعين سنة، وكان مذبحه من بيت إيلياء على ميلين، ولما علمت سارة بما أراد بإسحاق بُطِنت يومين، وماتت اليوم الثالث، قال ابن جُرَيج: قال كعب الأحبار: ما أحرقت النار من إبراهيم شيئا غير وثاقه الذي أوثقوه به.حدثنا الحسن، قال: ثنا الحسين، قال: ثنا معتمر بن سليمان التيمي، عن بعض أصحابه قال: جاء جبريل إلى إبراهيم عليهما السلام وهو يوثق أو يقمَّط ليلقى في النار، قال: يا إبراهيم ألك حاجة؟ قال: أمَّا إليك فلا.قال: ثنا معتمر، قال: ثنا ابن كعب، عن أرقم: أن إبراهيم قال حين جعلوا يوثقونه ليلقوه في النار: لا إله إلا أنت سبحانك ربّ العالمين، لك الحمد، ولك الملك لا شريك لك.حدثنا القاسم، قال: ثنا الحسين، قال: ثني حجاج، عن أبي جعفر الرازي، عن الربيع بن أنس، عن أبي العالية، في قوله ( قُلْنَا يَا نَارُ كُونِي بَرْدًا وَسَلامًا عَلَى إِبْرَاهِيمَ ) قال: السلام لا يؤذيه بردها، ولولا أنه قال: وسلاما لكان البرد أشدّ عليه من الحرّ.حدثنا القاسم، قال: ثنا الحسين، قال: ثني حجاج، عن ابن جُرَيج، قوله (بَرْدًا) قال: بردت عليه (وَسَلاما) لا تؤذيه.حدثنا ابن عبد الأعلى، قال: ثنا محمد بن ثور، عن معمر، عن قتادة ( قُلْنَا يَا نَارُ كُونِي بَرْدًا وَسَلامًا عَلَى إِبْرَاهِيمَ ) قال: قال كعب: ما انتفع أحد من أهل الأرض يومئذ بنار، ولا أحرقت النار يومئذ شيئا إلا وثاق إبراهيم.وقال قتادة: لم تأت يومئذ دابة إلا أطفأت عنه النار، إلا الوزغ.وقال الزهري: أمر النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم بقتله، وسماه فُوَيسقا.------------------------الهوامش :(2) سقطت من هذا الخبر عبارة ذكر نحوها الثعلبي المفسر في عرائس المجالس ، وهي : أشعلوا النار في كل ناحية بالحطب ، فاشتعلت النار ، حتى إن كان الطير ليمر بها فيحترق . . . الخ .
قال تعالى : ( قلنا يانار كوني بردا وسلاما على إبراهيم ) قال ابن عباس : لو لم يقل سلاما لمات إبراهيم من بردها ، ومن المعروف في الآثار أنه لم يبق يومئذ نار في الأرض إلا طفئت ، فلم ينتفع في ذلك اليوم بنار في العالم ، ولو لم يقل وسلاما على إبراهيم بقيت ذات برد أبدا .قال السدي : فأخذت الملائكة بضبعي إبراهيم فأقعدوه على الأرض ، فإذا عين ماء عذب وورد أحمر ونرجس .قال كعب : ما أحرقت النار من إبراهيم إلا وثاقه قالوا : وكان إبراهيم في ذلك الموضع سبعة أيام .قال المنهال بن عمرو : قال إبراهيم ما كنت أياما قط أنعم مني من الأيام التي كنت فيها في النار .قال ابن يسار : وبعث الله عز وجل ملك الظل في صورة إبراهيم فقعد فيها إلى جنب إبراهيم يؤنسه ، قالوا وبعث الله جبريل بقميص من حرير الجنة و فألبسه القميص وأقعده على الطنفسة وقعد معه يحدثه وقال جبريل : يا إبراهيم إن ربك يقول : أما علمت أن النار لا تضر أحبائي .ثم نظر نمرود وأشرف على إبراهيم من صرح له فرآه جالسا في روضة والملك قاعد إلى جنبه وما حوله نار تحرق الحطب ، فناداه : يا إبراهيم كبير إلهك الذي بلغت قدرته أن حال بينك وبين ما أرى ، يا إبراهيم هل تستطيع أن تخرج منها؟ قال : نعم ، قال : هل تخشى إن أقمت فيها أن تضرك؟ قال : لا قال : فقم فاخرج منها ، فقام إبراهيم يمشي فيها حتى خرج منها ، فلما خرج إليه قال له : يا إبراهيم من الرجل الذي رأيته معك في صورتك قاعدا إلى جنبك؟ قال : ذاك ملك الظل أرسله إلي ربي ليؤنسني فيها ، فقال نمرود : يا إبراهيم إني مقرب إلى إلهك قربانا لما رأيت من قدرته وعزته فيما صنع بك حين أبيت إلا عبادته وتوحيده إني ذابح له أربعة آلاف بقرة ، فقال له إبراهيم : إذا لا يقبل الله منك ما كنت على دينك حتى تفارقه إلى ديني ، فقال : لا أستطيع ترك ملكي . ولكن سوف أذبحها له فذبحها له نمرود ثم كف عن إبراهيم ، ومنعه الله منه . قال شعيب الجبائي : ألقي إبراهيم في النار وهو ابن ست عشرة سنة .
قُلْنَا يَا نَارُ كُونِي بَرْدًا وَسَلَامًا عَلَى إِبْرَاهِيمَ (69)وجملة { قلنا يا نار كوني برداً وسلاماً على إبراهيم } مفصولة عن التي قبلها إما لأنها وقعت كالجواب عن قولهم { حرقوه } فأشبهت جمل المحاورة ، وإما لأنها استئناف عن سؤال ينشأ عن قصة التآمر على الإحراق . وبذلك يتعين تقدير جملة أخرى ، أي فألقَوْه في النار قلنا : يا نار كوني برداً وسلاماً على إبراهيم . وقد أظهر الله ذلك معجزة لإبراهيم إذ وَجّه إلى النار تعلّقَ الإرادة بسلب قوة الإحراق ، وأن تكون برداً وسلاماً إن كان الكلام على الحقيقة ، أو أزال عن مزاج إبراهيم التأثر بحرارة النار إن كان الكلام على التشبيه البليغ ، أي كوني كبرد في عدم تحريق الملقَى فيككِ بحَرّك .وأما كونها سلاماً فهو حقيقة لا محالة ، وذِكر { سلاماً } بعد ذكر البرد كالاحتراس لأن البرد مؤذ بدوامه ربما إذا اشتد ، فعُقب ذكره بذكر السلام لذلك . وعن ابن عباس : لو لم يقل ذلك لأهلكته ببَردها . وإنما ذكر { برداً } ثمّ أتبع ب { سلاماً } ولم يقتصر على { برداً } لإظهار عجيب صنع القدرة إذ صيّر النار برداً .و { على إبراهيم } يتنازعه { برداً وسلاماً }. وهو أشد مبالغة في حصول نفعهما له ، ويجوز أن يتعلق بفعل الكون .
فانتصر الله لخليله لما ألقوه في النار وقال لها: { كُونِي بَرْدًا وَسَلَامًا عَلَى إِبْرَاهِيمَ ْ} فكانت عليه بردا وسلاما، لم ينله فيها أذى، ولا أحس بمكروه.
فقال الله تعالى وهو أصدق القائلين : يا نار كوني بردا وسلاما على إبراهيم قال بعض العلماء : جعل الله فيها بردا يرفع حرها ، وحرا يرفع بردها ، فصارت سلاما عليه . قال أبو العالية : ولو لم يقل بردا وسلاما لكان بردها أشد عليه من حرها ، ولو لم يقل على إبراهيم لكان بردها باقيا على الأبد . وذكر بعض العلماء : أن الله تعالى أنزل زربية من الجنة فبسطها في الجحيم ، وأنزل الله ملائكة : جبريل وميكائيل وملك البرد وملك السلام . وقال علي وابن عباس : لو لم يتبع بردها سلاما لمات إبراهيم من بردها ، ولم تبق يومئذ نار إلا طفئت ظنت أنها تعنى . قال السدي : وأمر الله كل عود من شجرة أن يرجع إلى شجره ويطرح ثمرته . وقال كعب وقتادة : لم تحرق النار من إبراهيم إلا وثاقه . فأقام في النار سبعة أيام لم يقدر أحد أن يقرب من النار ، ثم جاءوا فإذا هو قائم يصلي . وقال المنهال بن عمرو قال إبراهيم : " ما كنت أياما قط أنعم مني في الأيام التي كنت فيها في النار " . وقال كعب وقتادة والزهري : ولم تبق يومئذ دابة إلا أطفأت عنه النار إلا الوزغ فإنها كانت تنفخ عليه ؛ فلذلك أمر رسول الله - صلى الله عليه وسلم - بقتلها وسماها فويسقة . وقال شعيب الحماني :ألقي [ ص: 212 ] إبراهيم في النار وهو ابن ست عشرة سنة . وقال ابن جريج : ألقي إبراهيم في النار وهو ابن ست وعشرين سنة . ذكر الأول الثعلبي ، والثاني الماوردي ؛ فالله أعلم . وقال الكلبي : بردت نيران الأرض جميعا فما أنضجت كراعا ، فرآه نمرود من الصراح وهو جالس على السرير يؤنسه ملك الظل . فقال : نعم الرب ربك ! لأقربن له أربعة آلاف بقرة وكف عنه .
Those who enjoy power always resort to oppressive methods when they fail in the field of reasoned argument. This happened likewise in the case of the Prophet Abraham. After the incident of the demolition of the deities, when the leaders of the community felt that they could not counter Abraham’s arguments, they started persecuting him. Finally, one day, intoxicated with power, they threw him in a pit of fire. But, a prophet is God’s representative on earth. Therefore, on this exceptional basis, God grants extraordinary help to prophets. So, in this case also, at God’ behest, the fire cooled down for him. Help of this kind can be available to a non-prophet also, provided he completely identifies himself with God’s plan to the same extent as a prophet does.
قُلْنَا يَا نَارُ كُونِي بَرْدًا وَسَلَامًا عَلَىٰ إِبْرَاهِيمَ (We said, "0 fire, be cold and safe for Ibrahim." - 21:69) As stated above, one explanation of the fire becoming cool and comfortable for Sayyidna Ibrahim (علیہ السلام) could be that it ceased to be fire and changed into a pleasant breeze. However, the more plausible explanation is that the fire remained as fire but did not touch the body of Sayyidna Ibrahim (علیہ السلام) ، although it burnt other things around him, so much so that it even burnt down the rope which bound him.
According to some historic versions he remained in the fire for seven days and used to recall that those seven days were the most comfortable time of his entire life. (Mazhari)
(We said: O fire, be coolness) against your heat (and peace) and safety from your coolness (for Abraham) for if Allah did not say " peace " the coolness of the Fire would have harmed him.
We said: �O Fire! Be coolness and safety for Abraham. He said:Fire is [generally] authorised to burn; even so it will not burn anyone whom it is not authorised to burn.ʿUmar b. Wāṣil al-ʿAnbarī said, �I was with Sahl one night and removed the wick from the lamp, but in the process a small part of the flame touched my finger, causing me pain. Then Sahl looked at me and put his finger [in the flame] for nearly two hours without feeling any pain and without it having any effect on his finger, saying all the while, �I take refuge in God from the Fire.��His words, Exalted is He:
How Ibrahim was thrown into the Fire and how Allah controlled it
When their arguments were refuted and their incapability became clear, when truth was made manifest and falsehood was defeated, they resorted to using their power and strength, and said:
حَرِّقُوهُ وَانصُرُواْ ءَالِهَتَكُمْ إِن كُنتُمْ فَـعِلِينَ
("Burn him and help your gods, if you will be doing.") So they gathered together a huge amount of wood. As-Suddi said, "I if a woman was sick, she would make a vow that if she recovered she would bring wood to burn Ibrahim. Then they made a hole in the ground and set it aflame, and it burned with huge sparks and immense flames. There had never been a fire like it. They put Ibrahim, peace be upon him, into a catapult, at the suggestion of a nomadic Kurdish man from Persia." Shu`ayb Al-Jaba'i said, "His name was Hayzan, and Allah caused the earth to swallow him up, and he will remain sinking into it until the Day of Resurrection. When they threw him he said, `Sufficient for me is Allah, and He is the best disposer of affairs.' " This is similar to what Al-Bukhari recorded from Ibn `Abbas that Ibrahim said, "`Sufficient for me is Allah, and He is the best disposer of affairs," when he was thrown into the fire, and Muhammad ﷺ said it when they said:
إِنَّ النَّاسَ قَدْ جَمَعُواْ لَكُمْ فَاخْشَوْهُمْ فَزَادَهُمْ إِيمَـناً وَقَالُواْ حَسْبُنَا اللَّهُ وَنِعْمَ الْوَكِيلُ
(Verily, the people have gathered against you, therefore, fear them. But it increased them in faith, and they said: "Allah is sufficient for us, and He is the best disposer of affairs.") 3:173. Sa`id bin Jubayr reported that Ibn `Abbas said: "When Ibrahim was thrown into the fire, the keeper (angel) of the rain said: `When will I be commanded to send rain' But the command of Allah was more swift. Allah said:
ينَارُ كُونِى بَرْداً وَسَلَـمَا عَلَى إِبْرَهِيمَ
(O fire! Be you cool and safety for Ibrahim!), and there was no fire left on earth that was not extinguished." Ibn `Abbas and Abu Al-`Aliyah said: "Were it not for the fact that Allah said,
وَسَلَـماً
(and safety), Ibrahim would have been harmed by its coldness." Qatadah said: "On that day there was no creature that did not try to extinguish the fire for Ibrahim, except for the gecko." Az-Zuhri said: "The Prophet commanded that it should be killed, and called it a harmful vermin."
وَأَرَادُواْ بِهِ كَيْداً فَجَعَلْنَـهُمُ الاٌّخْسَرِينَ
(And they wanted to harm him, but We made them the worst losers.) they were defeated and humiliated, because they wanted to plot against the Prophet of Allah, but Allah planned against them and saved him from the fire, and thus they were defeated.
We said, “O fire, be coolness and safety!” For the companions of recognitions and the lords of realities, there is another intimation in this verse. They have said that this was a call to a fire that was made ready in the fireplace of Abra- ham's spirit. When Nimrod placed him in the mangonel, Abraham placed his own secret core in the mangonel of contemplation. As soon as he came near the fire of Nimrod, the burn of witnessing the Real made him want to sigh so as to extinguish Nimrod's fire. The call came, “O fire,” that is, “O fire of witnessing, be coolness. Be cold toward Nimrod's fire and do not exercise your ruling authority over it, for We have decreed that We will bring forth from the midst of the fire a scented garden full of flowers and blossoms to honor Our bosom friend and make manifest a miracle for him. If you extinguish it, it will not become a garden and the miracle will not appear. Be cold toward Nimrod's fire so that the garden may appear, and be safety for Abraham so that the miracle may appear.” Listen to another subtle point, more wonderful than that: Your soul is like Nimrod, the soul's caprice is fire, and your burnt heart is Abraham. The soul has lit up the fire of caprice, placed the heart in the mangonel of disobedient acts with the chains of deception and the fetters of appetite, and thrown it into the fire of caprice. Before it takes one step, intellect comes like someone dis- tracted, a servant-boy to the heart, and says, “Have you any need?” The heart responds, “'Of you, no.' O intellect, do you remember when it was said to you, 'Come!', and you came? It was said, 'Go!,' and you went? It was said, 'Who are you?', and you were at a loss? On that day you did not know your own road. How do you know what is right for me today?” When the heart enters the fire of caprice, the command arrives, “O fire, be coolness! O fire of caprice, be cold for the heart, for it is already burned by love for Me.” For in the lover's heart is the fire of love. The burnt one will not be burned again.
We said, “O fire, be coolness and safety!” For the companions of recognitions and the lords of realities, there is another intimation in this verse. They have said that this was a call to a fire that was made ready in the fireplace of Abra- ham's spirit. When Nimrod placed him in the mangonel, Abraham placed his own secret core in the mangonel of contemplation. As soon as he came near the fire of Nimrod, the burn of witnessing the Real made him want to sigh so as to extinguish Nimrod's fire. The call came, “O fire,” that is, “O fire of witnessing, be coolness. Be cold toward Nimrod's fire and do not exercise your ruling authority over it, for We have decreed that We will bring forth from the midst of the fire a scented garden full of flowers and blossoms to honor Our bosom friend and make manifest a miracle for him. If you extinguish it, it will not become a garden and the miracle will not appear. Be cold toward Nimrod's fire so that the garden may appear, and be safety for Abraham so that the miracle may appear.” Listen to another subtle point, more wonderful than that: Your soul is like Nimrod, the soul's caprice is fire, and your burnt heart is Abraham. The soul has lit up the fire of caprice, placed the heart in the mangonel of disobedient acts with the chains of deception and the fetters of appetite, and thrown it into the fire of caprice. Before it takes one step, intellect comes like someone dis- tracted, a servant-boy to the heart, and says, “Have you any need?” The heart responds, “'Of you, no.' O intellect, do you remember when it was said to you, 'Come!', and you came? It was said, 'Go!,' and you went? It was said, 'Who are you?', and you were at a loss? On that day you did not know your own road. How do you know what is right for me today?” When the heart enters the fire of caprice, the command arrives, “O fire, be coolness! O fire of caprice, be cold for the heart, for it is already burned by love for Me.” For in the lover's heart is the fire of love. The burnt one will not be burned again.
We said, “O fire, be coolness and safety!” For the companions of recognitions and the lords of realities, there is another intimation in this verse. They have said that this was a call to a fire that was made ready in the fireplace of Abra- ham's spirit. When Nimrod placed him in the mangonel, Abraham placed his own secret core in the mangonel of contemplation. As soon as he came near the fire of Nimrod, the burn of witnessing the Real made him want to sigh so as to extinguish Nimrod's fire. The call came, “O fire,” that is, “O fire of witnessing, be coolness. Be cold toward Nimrod's fire and do not exercise your ruling authority over it, for We have decreed that We will bring forth from the midst of the fire a scented garden full of flowers and blossoms to honor Our bosom friend and make manifest a miracle for him. If you extinguish it, it will not become a garden and the miracle will not appear. Be cold toward Nimrod's fire so that the garden may appear, and be safety for Abraham so that the miracle may appear.” Listen to another subtle point, more wonderful than that: Your soul is like Nimrod, the soul's caprice is fire, and your burnt heart is Abraham. The soul has lit up the fire of caprice, placed the heart in the mangonel of disobedient acts with the chains of deception and the fetters of appetite, and thrown it into the fire of caprice. Before it takes one step, intellect comes like someone dis- tracted, a servant-boy to the heart, and says, “Have you any need?” The heart responds, “'Of you, no.' O intellect, do you remember when it was said to you, 'Come!', and you came? It was said, 'Go!,' and you went? It was said, 'Who are you?', and you were at a loss? On that day you did not know your own road. How do you know what is right for me today?” When the heart enters the fire of caprice, the command arrives, “O fire, be coolness! O fire of caprice, be cold for the heart, for it is already burned by love for Me.” For in the lover's heart is the fire of love. The burnt one will not be burned again.
We said, “O fire, be coolness and safety!” For the companions of recognitions and the lords of realities, there is another intimation in this verse. They have said that this was a call to a fire that was made ready in the fireplace of Abra- ham's spirit. When Nimrod placed him in the mangonel, Abraham placed his own secret core in the mangonel of contemplation. As soon as he came near the fire of Nimrod, the burn of witnessing the Real made him want to sigh so as to extinguish Nimrod's fire. The call came, “O fire,” that is, “O fire of witnessing, be coolness. Be cold toward Nimrod's fire and do not exercise your ruling authority over it, for We have decreed that We will bring forth from the midst of the fire a scented garden full of flowers and blossoms to honor Our bosom friend and make manifest a miracle for him. If you extinguish it, it will not become a garden and the miracle will not appear. Be cold toward Nimrod's fire so that the garden may appear, and be safety for Abraham so that the miracle may appear.” Listen to another subtle point, more wonderful than that: Your soul is like Nimrod, the soul's caprice is fire, and your burnt heart is Abraham. The soul has lit up the fire of caprice, placed the heart in the mangonel of disobedient acts with the chains of deception and the fetters of appetite, and thrown it into the fire of caprice. Before it takes one step, intellect comes like someone dis- tracted, a servant-boy to the heart, and says, “Have you any need?” The heart responds, “'Of you, no.' O intellect, do you remember when it was said to you, 'Come!', and you came? It was said, 'Go!,' and you went? It was said, 'Who are you?', and you were at a loss? On that day you did not know your own road. How do you know what is right for me today?” When the heart enters the fire of caprice, the command arrives, “O fire, be coolness! O fire of caprice, be cold for the heart, for it is already burned by love for Me.” For in the lover's heart is the fire of love. The burnt one will not be burned again.
We said, �O fire, be coolness and safety!�For the companions of recognitions and the lords of realities, there is another intimation in this verse. They have said that this was a call to a fire that was made ready in the fireplace of Abra- ham's spirit. When Nimrod placed him in the mangonel, Abraham placed his own secret core in the mangonel of contemplation. As soon as he came near the fire of Nimrod, the burn of witnessing the Real made him want to sigh so as to extinguish Nimrod's fire. The call came, �O fire,� that is, �O fire of witnessing, be coolness. Be cold toward Nimrod's fire and do not exercise your ruling authority over it, for We have decreed that We will bring forth from the midst of the fire a scented garden full of flowers and blossoms to honor Our bosom friend and make manifest a miracle for him. If you extinguish it, it will not become a garden and the miracle will not appear. Be cold toward Nimrod's fire so that the garden may appear, and be safety for Abraham so that the miracle may appear.�Listen to another subtle point, more wonderful than that: Your soul is like Nimrod, the soul's caprice is fire, and your burnt heart is Abraham. The soul has lit up the fire of caprice, placed the heart in the mangonel of disobedient acts with the chains of deception and the fetters of appetite, and thrown it into the fire of caprice. Before it takes one step, intellect comes like someone dis- tracted, a servant-boy to the heart, and says, �Have you any need?�The heart responds, �'Of you, no.' O intellect, do you remember when it was said to you, 'Come!', and you came? It was said, 'Go!,' and you went? It was said, 'Who are you?', and you were at a loss? On that day you did not know your own road. How do you know what is right for me today?�When the heart enters the fire of caprice, the command arrives, �O fire, be coolness! O fire of caprice, be cold for the heart, for it is already burned by love for Me.�For in the lover's heart is the fire of love.The burnt one will not be burned again.
Those who enjoy power always resort to oppressive methods when they fail in the field of reasoned argument. This happened likewise in the case of the Prophet Abraham. After the incident of the demolition of the deities, when the leaders of the community felt that they could not counter Abraham’s arguments, they started persecuting him. Finally, one day, intoxicated with power, they threw him in a pit of fire. But, a prophet is God’s representative on earth. Therefore, on this exceptional basis, God grants extraordinary help to prophets. So, in this case also, at God’ behest, the fire cooled down for him. Help of this kind can be available to a non-prophet also, provided he completely identifies himself with God’s plan to the same extent as a prophet does.
قُلْنَا يَا نَارُ كُونِي بَرْدًا وَسَلَامًا عَلَىٰ إِبْرَاهِيمَ (We said, "0 fire, be cold and safe for Ibrahim." - 21:69) As stated above, one explanation of the fire becoming cool and comfortable for Sayyidna Ibrahim (علیہ السلام) could be that it ceased to be fire and changed into a pleasant breeze. However, the more plausible explanation is that the fire remained as fire but did not touch the body of Sayyidna Ibrahim (علیہ السلام) ، although it burnt other things around him, so much so that it even burnt down the rope which bound him.
According to some historic versions he remained in the fire for seven days and used to recall that those seven days were the most comfortable time of his entire life. (Mazhari)
We said: �O Fire! Be coolness and safety for Abraham. He said:Fire is [generally] authorised to burn; even so it will not burn anyone whom it is not authorised to burn.ʿUmar b. Wāṣil al-ʿAnbarī said, �I was with Sahl one night and removed the wick from the lamp, but in the process a small part of the flame touched my finger, causing me pain. Then Sahl looked at me and put his finger [in the flame] for nearly two hours without feeling any pain and without it having any effect on his finger, saying all the while, �I take refuge in God from the Fire.��His words, Exalted is He: