The Ant, The Ants — Verse 54
27:54 · an-Naml
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وَلُوطًا إِذۡ قَالَ لِقَوۡمِهِۦۤ أَتَأۡتُونَ ٱلۡفَـٰحِشَةَ وَأَنتُمۡ تُبۡصِرُونَ ٥٤
walūṭan idh qāla liqawmihi atatūna l-fāḥishata wa-antum tub'ṣirūn
The Ant, The Ants / an-Naml (27:54)
Connections 3 single-source 2 commentators
Multi-source connections
No verses on this ayah are cited by 2 or more commentators using numeric S:A notation. All extracted references come from a single source's commentary.
Single-source mentions (3) cited by only one commentator
By commentator who cites how many verses on this ayah
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Tafsir Ibn Kathir (abridged) 2 verses
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Ma'arif-ul-Quran 1 verse
Note: these connections are extracted from numeric S:A references inside the commentary text and are therefore biased toward mufassirun who use that notation. Prose-style references (e.g. "Surat al-Baqarah verse 30") will be added later, which should surface additional multi-source consensus.
We also sent Lot to his people. He said to them, ‘How can you commit this outrage with your eyes wide open
walūṭan idh qāla liqawmihi atatūna l-fāḥishata wa-antum tub'ṣirūn
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Tafsir Commentary
Lut and His People
Allah tells us about His servant and Messenger Lut, peace be upon him, and how he warned his people of Allah's punishment for committing an act of immorality which no human ever committed before them -- intercourse with males instead of females. This is a major sin, whereby men are satisfied with men and women are with women (i.e., homosexuality). Lut said:
أَتَأْتُونَ الْفَـحِشَةَ وَأَنتُمْ تُبْصِرُونَ
(Do you commit immoral sins while you see) meaning, `while you see one another, and you practice every kind of evil in your meetings.'
أَءِنَّكُمْ لَتَأْتُونَ الرِّجَالَ شَهْوَةً مِّن دُونِ النِّسَآءِ بَلْ أَنتُمْ قَوْمٌ تَجْهَلُونَ
(Do you practice your lusts on men instead of women Nay, but you are a people who behave senselessly.) means, `you do not know anything of what is natural or what is prescribed by Allah.' This is like the Ayah:
أَتَأْتُونَ الذُّكْرَانَ مِنَ الْعَـلَمِينَ - وَتَذَرُونَ مَا خَلَقَ لَكُمْ رَبُّكُمْ مِّنْ أَزْوَجِكُمْ بَلْ أَنتُمْ قَوْمٌ عَادُونَ
(Go you in unto the males of mankind, and leave those whom Allah has created for you to be your wives Nay, you are a trespassing people!) (26:165-166)
فَمَا كَانَ جَوَابَ قَوْمِهِ إِلاَّ أَن قَالُواْ أَخْرِجُواْ ءَالَ لُوطٍ مِّن قَرْيَتِكُمْ إِنَّهمْ أُنَاسٌ يَتَطَهَّرُونَ
(There was no other answer given by his people except that they said: "Drive out the family of Lut from your city. Verily, these are men who want to be clean and pure!") means, `they feel embarrassed because of the deeds you are doing, and because you approve of your actions, so expel them from among yourselves, for they are not fit to live among you in your city.' So, the people resolved to do that, and Allah destroyed them, and a similar end awaits the disbelievers. Allah says:
فَأَنجَيْنَـهُ وَأَهْلَهُ إِلاَّ امْرَأَتَهُ قَدَّرْنَـهَا مِنَ الْغَـبِرِينَ
(So, We saved him and his family, except his wife. We destined her to be of those who remained behind.) meaning, she was one of those who were destroyed, with her people, because she was a helper to what they did and she approved of their evil deeds. She told them about the guests of Lut so that they could come to them. She did not do the evil deeds herself, which was because of the honor of the Lut and not because of any honor on her part.
وَأَمْطَرْنَا عَلَيْهِمْ مَّطَرًا
(And We rained down on them a rain.) means; stones of Sijjil, in a well-arranged manner one after another. Marked from your Lord; and they are not ever far from the evildoers. Allah said:
فَسَآءَ مَطَرُ الْمُنذَرِينَ
(So, evil was the rain of those who were warned.) meaning, those against whom proof was established and whom the warning reached, but they went against the Messenger and denied him, and resolved to drive him out from among them.
And Lot Lūtan is in the accusative because of an implied udhkur ‘mention’ before it and it Lūtan is substituted by the following idh qāla … when he said to his people ‘What! Do you commit such abomination namely homosexual intercourse while you watch? that is to say while you watch one another so engrossed are you in the sinful act?
واذكر لوطًا إذ قال لقومه: أتأتون الفعلة المتناهية في القبح، وأنتم تعلمون قبحها؟ أإنكم لتأتون الرجال في أدبارهم للشهوة عوضًا عن النساء؟ بل أنتم قوم تجهلون حقَّ الله عليكم، فخالفتم بذلك أمره، وعَصَيْتُم رسوله بفعلتكم القبيحة التي لم يسبقكم بها أحد من العالمين.
يخبر تعالى عن عبده ورسوله لوط عليه السلام أنه أنذر قومه نقمة الله بهم في فعلهم الفاحشة التي لم يسبقهم إليها أحد من بني آدم وهي إتيان الذكور دون الإناث وذلك فاحشة عظيمة استغنى الرجال بالرجال والنساء بالنساء فقال "أتأتون الفاحشة وأنتم تبصرون" أي يرى بعضكم بعضا.
ثم ساق - سبحانه - بعد ذلك طرفا من قصة لوط مع قومه ، فقال - تعالى - : ( وَلُوطاً إِذْ قَالَ . . . ) .قصة لوط - عليه السلام - قد ذكرت فى سور متعددة منها الأعراف ، وهود ، والحجر . . .وهنا تتعرض السورة الكريمة ، لإبراز ما كان عليه أولئك القوم من فجور ، وما هددوا به نبيهم .قال ابن كثير - رحمه الله - : ولوط هو ابن هاران بن آزر ، وهو ابن أخى إبراهيم - عليه السلام - وكان لوط قد آمن مع إبراهيم ، وهاجر معه إلى أرض الشام ، فبعثه الله - تعالى - إلى أهل " سدوم " ، وما حولها من القرى ، يدعوهم إلى عبادة الله وحده ، وينهاهم عما يرتكبونه من المآثم والمحارم والفواحش التى اخترعوها ، دون أن يسبقهم إليها أحد من بنى آدم . . .وقوله - تعالى - : ( وَلُوطاً . . . ) منصوب بفعل مضمر محذوف ، والتقدير : واذكر - أيها العاقل - وقت أن أرسلنا لوطا إلى قومه . فقال لهم على سبيل الزجر والتوبيخ : ( أَتَأْتُونَ الفاحشة وَأَنتُمْ تُبْصِرُونَ ) أى : أتأتون الفاحشة التى لم يسبقكم إليها أحد ، وهى إتيان الذكور دون الإناث ، وأنتم تبصرون بأعينكم أنها تتنافى مع الفطرة السوية حتى بالنسبة للحيوان الأعجم فأنتم ترون وتشاهدون أن الذكر من الحيوان لا يأتى الذكر ، وإنما يأتى الأنثى ، حيث يتأتى عن طريقها التوالد والتناسل وعمارة الكون .فقوله - سبحانه - : ( وَأَنتُمْ تُبْصِرُونَ ) جملة حالية المقصود بها زيادة تبكيتهم وتوبيخهم ، لأنهم يشاهدون تنزه الحيوان عنها ، كما يعلمون سوء عاقبتها ، وسوء عاقبة الذين خالفوا أنبيائهم من قبلهم .
يقول تعالى ذكره: وأرسلنا لوطا إلى قومه, إذ قال لهم: يا قوم (أَتَأْتُونَ الْفَاحِشَةَ وَأَنْتُمْ تُبْصِرُونَ ) أنها فاحشة؛ لعلمكم بأنه لم يسبقكم إلى ما تفعلون من ذلك أحد.
قوله تعالى : ( ولوطا إذ قال لقومه أتأتون الفاحشة ) وهي الفعلة القبيحة ، ( وأنتم تبصرون ) أي : تعلمون أنها فاحشة . وقيل : معناه يرى بعضكم بعضا وكانوا لا يستترون عتوا منهم .
وَلُوطًا إِذْ قَالَ لِقَوْمِهِ أَتَأْتُونَ الْفَاحِشَةَ وَأَنْتُمْ تُبْصِرُونَ عطف { لوطاً } على { صالحاً } في قوله السابق { ولقد أرسلنا إلى ثمود أخاهم صالحاً } [ النمل : 45 ] . ولا يمنع من العطف أن العامل في المعطوف تعلق به قوله : { إلى ثمود } لأن المجرور ليس قيداً لمتعلَّقه ، ولكنه كواحد من المفاعيل فلا ارتباط له بالمعطوف على مفعول آخر . فإن الإتْباع في الإعراب يميز المعطوف عليه من غيره . وقد سبق نظير هذا في سورة الأعراف . ولم يُذكر المرسل إليهم هنا كما ذكر في قصة ثمود لعدم تمام المشابهة بين قوم لوط وبين قريش فيما عدا التكذيب والشرك . ويجوز أن ينصب { ولوطاً } بفعل مقدّر تقديره : واذكر لوطاً ، لأن وجود { إذ } بعده يقربه من نحو : { وإذ قال ربّك للملائكة } [ البقرة : 30 ] .وتعقيب قصة ثمود بقصة قوم لوط جار على معتاد القرآن في ترتيب قصص هذه الأمم ، فإن قوم لوط كانوا متأخرين في الزمن عن ثمود .وإنما الذي يستثير سؤالاً هنا هو الاقتصار على قصة قوم لوط دون قصة عاد وقصة مدين . وقد بينته آنفاً أنه لمناسبة مجاورة ديار قوم لوط لمملكة سليمان ووقوعها بين ديار ثمود وبين فلسطين وكانت ديارهم ممرّ قريش إلى بلاد الشام ، قال تعالى { وإنها لبسبيل مقيم } [ الحجر : 76 ] وقال { وإنكم لتَمُرُّون عليهم مُصْبِحين وبالليل أفلا تعقلون } [ الصافات : 137 ، 138 ] .وظرف { إذ } يتعلق ب ( أرسلنا ) أو ب ( اذكر ) المقدّرْين . والاستفهام في { أتأتون } إنكاري .وجملة : { وأنتم تبصرون } حالٌ زيادة في التشنيع ، أي تفعلون ذلك علَناً يبصر بعضكم بعضاً ، فإن التجاهر بالمعصية معصية لأنه يدل على استحسانها وذلك استخفاف بالنواهي .
أي: واذكر عبدنا ورسولنا لوطا ونبأه الفاضل حين قال لقومه -داعيا إلى الله وناصحا-: ( أَتَأْتُونَ الْفَاحِشَةَ ) أي: الفعلة الشنعاء التي تستفحشها العقول والفطر وتستقبحها الشرائع ( وَأَنْتُمْ تُبْصِرُونَ ) ذلك وتعلمون قبحه فعاندتم وارتكبتم ذلك ظلما منكم وجرأة على الله.
قوله تعالى : ولوطا إذ قال لقومه أي وأرسلنا لوطا ، أو اذكر لوطا إذ قال لقومه وهم أهل سدوم . أتأتون الفاحشة الفعلة القبيحة الشنيعة . وأنتم تبصرون أنها فاحشة ، وذلك أعظم لذنوبكم . وقيل : يأتي بعضكم بعضا وأنتم تنظرون إليه . وكانوا لا يستترون عتوا منهم وتمردا .
The community of Lot, in its excessive sexual indulgence, had stooped to homosexuality. Lot, trying to stir their conscience, said, ‘O, subjects of God! You have been given eyes to observe things and the moral sense to be able to differentiate between good and bad. Then, how can you indulge in conduct which amounts to open shamelessness?’ The community had no reply to this. They could not reject the prophet’s words on the basis of logical arguments. So, they resorted to violence against him. But, when this stage is reached, the time comes for God’s final decision to be made without further delay. So they were destroyed by a volcanic eruption. Lot’s wife was also not exempt from this fate either, as she was one of the unbelievers. God deals with individuals according to their personal conduct and not on the basis of their being someone’s relatives or on the basis of their worldly connections. One who gives serious consideration to the aforesaid events of history, will cry out with feeling, ‘I express my heartfelt gratitude to God, who has arranged for the guidance of humanity in every age!’ And then his heart will be filled with respect for those who dedicated their lives to God and completed the mission of providing God’s guidance to everyone.
لَنُبَيِّتَنَّهُ وَأَهْلَهُ ثُمَّ لَنَقُولَنَّ لِوَلِيِّهِ مَا شَهِدْنَا مَهْلِكَ أَهْلِهِ وَإِنَّا لَصَادِقُونَ
We shall attack him (Salih علیہ السلام) and his family at night, then will say to his heir, We did not witness the destruction of his family and we are really truthful - 27:49.
The plan was that all of them together should attack him and his companions in the darkness of night, and kill them all. And when the claimant of the blood would make the claim, they would say that they did not kill him, and also they did not know who had killed him. In saying so they would have uttered the truth because no one could have known who had killed whom in the darkness of the night.
The point to note here is that all the acts of infidelity, disbelief, killing and pillage were being performed by the infidels, rather than those among them who were hardened criminals. Yet they were careful that they don't speak a lie or get blamed for falsehood. This shows how great the sin of falsehood is, that even the perpetrators of heinous crimes avoid it for the sake of their self-respect.
The other thing worth noting in this verse is that the one whom these infidels had mentioned as the Wall or heir of Sayyidna Salili (علیہ السلام) was a man of his own family. So, why did they leave him out from being assassinated? The answer to this question is that he might have been the successor from the lineage point of view, but otherwise he could be an infidel and be a party with the infidels. There could have been the consideration that he might claim the compensation for the blood of Sayyidna Salih (علیہ السلام) because of his relationship with him. The other possibility is that he might have been a Muslim but enjoyed a prominent position and hence there could have been the risk of uprising and reprisal among the people. Only Allah knows best.
(And Lot!) We sent him to his people (when he said unto his folk: will you commit abomination) sodomy (knowingly) while knowing it to be an abomination?