The Ant, The Ants — Verse 74
27:74 · an-Naml
Verse display
وَإِنَّ رَبَّكَ لَیَعۡلَمُ مَا تُكِنُّ صُدُورُهُمۡ وَمَا یُعۡلِنُونَ ٧٤
wa-inna rabbaka layaʿlamu mā tukinnu ṣudūruhum wamā yuʿ'linūn
The Ant, The Ants / an-Naml (27:74)
Connections 7 single-source 2 commentators
Multi-source connections
No verses on this ayah are cited by 2 or more commentators using numeric S:A notation. All extracted references come from a single source's commentary.
Single-source mentions (7) cited by only one commentator
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Q 11:5 (Hud)
cited by
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Q 13:10 (ar-Ra`d)
cited by
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Q 17:51 (al-Isra`)
cited by
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Q 20:7 (Ta Ha)
cited by
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Q 22:70 (al-Hajj)
cited by
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Q 27:66 (an-Naml)
cited by
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Q 29:54 (al-`Ankabut)
cited by
By commentator who cites how many verses on this ayah
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Tafsir Ibn Kathir (abridged) 6 verses
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Ma'arif-ul-Quran 1 verse
Note: these connections are extracted from numeric S:A references inside the commentary text and are therefore biased toward mufassirun who use that notation. Prose-style references (e.g. "Surat al-Baqarah verse 30") will be added later, which should surface additional multi-source consensus.
He knows everything their hearts conceal and everything they reveal
wa-inna rabbaka layaʿlamu mā tukinnu ṣudūruhum wamā yuʿ'linūn
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Tafsir Commentary
وَيَقُولُونَ مَتَى هَـذَا الْوَعْدُ إِن كُنتُمْ صَـدِقِينَ
(And they say: "When (will) this promise (be fulfilled), if you are truthful") Allah said, responding to them:
قُلْ
(Say) `O Muhammad,'
عَسَى أَن يَكُونَ رَدِفَ لَكُم بَعْضُ الَّذِى تَسْتَعْجِلُونَ
(Perhaps that which you wish to hasten on, may be close behind you.) Ibn `Abbas said, "That which you wish to hasten on has come close to you, or some of it has come close." This was also the view of Mujahid, Ad-Dahhak, `Ata Al-Khurasani, Qatadah and As-Suddi. This is also what is meant in the Ayat:
وَيَقُولُونَ مَتَى هُوَ قُلْ عَسَى أَن يَكُونَ قَرِيبًا
(And they say: "When will that be" Say: "Perhaps it is near!") (17:51)
يَسْتَعْجِلُونَكَ بِالْعَذَابِ وَإِنَّ جَهَنَّمَ لَمُحِيطَةٌ بِالْكَـفِرِينَ
(They ask you to hasten on the torment. And verily, Hell, of a surety, will encompass the disbelievers) (29:54).
عَسَى أَن يَكُونَ رَدِفَ لَكُم
(may be close behind you.) means, it is being hastened for you. This was reported from Mujahid. Then Allah says:
وَإِنَّ رَبَّكَ لَذُو فَضْلٍ عَلَى النَّاسِ
(Verily, your Lord is full of grace for mankind,) meaning, He abundantly bestows His blessings on them even though they wrong themselves, yet despite that they do not give thanks for those blessings, except for a few of them.
وَإِنَّ رَبَّكَ لَيَعْلَمُ مَا تُكِنُّ صُدُورُهُمْ وَمَا يُعْلِنُونَ
(And verily, your Lord knows what their breasts conceal and what they reveal.) means, He knows what is hidden in their hearts just as He knows what is easily visible.
سَوَآءٌ مِّنْكُمْ مَّنْ أَسَرَّ الْقَوْلَ وَمَنْ جَهَرَ بِهِ
(It is the same (to Him) whether any of you conceals his speech or declares it openly) (13:10),
يَعْلَمُ السِّرَّ وَأَخْفَى
(He knows the secret and that which is yet more hidden) (20: 7),
أَلا حِينَ يَسْتَغْشُونَ ثِيَابَهُمْ يَعْلَمُ مَا يُسِرُّونَ وَمَا يُعْلِنُونَ
(Surely, even when they cover themselves with their garments, He knows what they conceal and what they reveal) (11:5). Then Allah tells us that He is the Knower of the unseen in the heavens and on earth, and that He is the Knower of the unseen and the seen, i.e., that which is unseen by His servants and that which they can see. And Allah says:
وَمَا مِنْ غَآئِبَةٍ
(and there is nothing hidden) Ibn `Abbas said, "This means, there is nothing
فِى السَّمَآءِ وَالاٌّرْضِ إِلاَّ فِى كِتَـبٍ مُّبِينٍ
(in the heaven and the earth but it is in a Clear Book.) This is like the Ayah,
أَلَمْ تَعْلَمْ أَنَّ اللَّهَ يَعْلَمُ مَا فِى السَّمَآءِ وَالاٌّرْضِ إِنَّ ذلِكَ فِى كِتَـبٍ إِنَّ ذلِكَ عَلَى اللَّهِ يَسِيرٌ
(Know you not that Allah knows all that is in the heaven and on the earth Verily, it is (all) in the Book. Verily, that is easy for Allah.) (22:70)
And surely your Lord knows what their hearts conceal what these hide and what they proclaim by their tongues.
وإن ربك لَيعلم ما تخفيه صدور خلقه وما يظهرونه.
أي يعلم الضمائر والسرائر كما يعلم الظواهر "سواء منكم من أسر القول ومن جهر به" "يعلم السر وأخفى" "ألا حين يستغشون ثيابهم يعلم ما يسرون وما يعلنون" ثم أخبر تعالى بأنه عالم غيب السموات والأرض وأنه عالم الغيب والشهادة وهو مـا غاب عن العباد وما شاهدوه.
ثم بين - سبحانه - شمول علمه لكل شىء فقال : ( وَإِنَّ رَبَّكَ ) - أيها الرسول الكريم - ( لَيَعْلَمُ ) علما تاما ( مَا تُكِنُّ صُدُورُهُمْ ) أى : ما تخفيه وتستره صدورهم من أسرار ، ويعلم - أيضا - ( وَمَا يُعْلِنُونَ ) أى : ما يظهرونه من أقوال وأفعال .
وقوله: (وَإِنَّ رَبَّكَ لَيَعْلَمُ مَا تُكِنُّ صُدُورُهُمْ وَمَا يُعْلِنُونَ ) يقول: وإن ربك ليعلم ضمائر صدور خلقه, ومكنون أنفسهم, وخفيّ أسرارهم, وعلانية أمورهم الظاهرة, لا يخفى عليه شيء من ذلك, وهو محصيها عليهم حتى يجازي جميعهم بالإحسان إحسانا وبالإساءة جزاءها.وبنحو الذي قلنا في ذلك قال أهل التأويل.*ذكر من قال ذلك:حدثنا القاسم, قال: ثني الحسين, قال: ثني حجاج, عن ابن جُرَيج: (وَإِنَّ رَبَّكَ لَيَعْلَمُ مَا تُكِنُّ صُدُورُهُمْ ) قال: السر.
( وإن ربك ليعلم ما تكن ) ما تخفي ( صدورهم وما يعلنون )
وَإِنَّ رَبَّكَ لَيَعْلَمُ مَا تُكِنُّ صُدُورُهُمْ وَمَا يُعْلِنُونَ (74)موقع هذا موقع الاستئناف البياني لأن قوله { وإن ربّك لذو فضل على الناس } [ النمل : 73 ] يثير سؤالاً في نفوس المؤمنين أن يقولوا : إن هؤلاء المكذبين قد أضمروا المكر وأعلنوا الاستهزاء فحالهم لا يقتضي إمهالهم؟ فيجاب بأن الذي أمهلهم مطلع على ما في صدورهم وما أعلنوه وأنه أمهلهم مع علمه بهم لحكمة يعلمها .وفيه إشارة إلى أنهم يكنون أشياء للنبيء صلى الله عليه وسلم وللمؤمنين ، منها : أنهم يتربصون بهم الدوائر ، وأنهم تخامر نفوسهم خواطر إخراجه وإخراج المؤمنين . وهذا الاستئناف لما كان ذا جهة من معنى وصف الله بإحاطة العلم عطفت جملته على جملة وصف الله بالفضل ، فحصل بالعطف غرض ثان مهم ، وحصل معنى الاستئناف البياني من مضمون الجملة .وأما التوكيد ب { إن } فهو على نحو توكيد الجملة التي قبله . ولكَ أن تجعله لتنزيل السائل منزلة المتردد وذلك تلويح بالعتاب .و { تكن } تخفي وهو من ( أكن ) إذا جعل شيئاً كانّاً ، أي حاصلاً في كن . والكنّ : المسكن . وإسناد { تكن } إلى الصدور مجاز عقلي باعتبار أن الصدور مكانه . والإعلان : الإظهار .
{ وَإِنَّ رَبَّكَ لَيَعْلَمُ مَا تُكِنُّ } أي: تنطوي عليه { صُدُورُهُمْ وَمَا يُعْلِنُونَ } فليحذروا من عالم السرائر والظواهر وليراقبوه.
قوله تعالى : وإن ربك ليعلم ما تكن صدورهم أي تخفي صدورهم . وقرأ ابن محيصن وحميد ( ما تكن ) من كننت الشيء إذا سترته ، هنا وفي ( القصص ) تقديره : ما تكن صدورهم عليه ; وكأن الضمير الذي في ( الصدور ) كالجسم السائر . ومن قرأ : ( تكن ) فهو المعروف ; يقال : أكننت الشيء : إذا أخفيته في نفسك .
The words ‘do not grieve’ are not meant to prevent the preacher from grieving. It is, in fact, meant to contradict the impression that Truth is helpless. It means that, in spite of unfavourable conditions, the Truth and supporters of the Truth will finally meet with success. When the adversaries of the preacher of Truth contradict him, they think that they are dealing with a human being. They do not understand that this is tantamount to setting themselves up against God Himself and not merely opposing an ordinary mortal. This state of affairs (i.e. the temporary success of the opponents) continues only till the expiry of the period of human trial. As soon this period is over, God will appear and all these opponents will vanish into thin air. There is no foolishness greater than mistaking the temporary respite during the trial period for unconditional and unlimited liberty to indulge in arrogance.
بَلِ ادَّارَكَ عِلْمُهُمْ فِي الْآخِرَةِ ۚ بَلْ هُمْ فِي شَكٍّ مِّنْهَا ۖ بَلْ هُم مِّنْهَا عَمُونَ ﴿66﴾
Rather, their knowledge failed in the matter of Hereafter. Rather, they are in doubt about it. Rather, they are blind to it. 27:66.
There are different recitations for the word اِدّٰرَکَ (iddaraka) and their meanings are also different. Those who are interested should refer to different commentaries for the details. It is enough to understand here that some commentators have taken it to mean "completion" and have explained the verse thus: "Their knowledge and understanding will be completed in the Hereafter", because then the truth about every thing shall be laid bare. But knowledge of truth at that time will be of no avail, because they had been contradicting the Hereafter in the world. But some other commentators have taken the word in the meaning of 'having failed' and 'hating been lost'. The sense in this case would be that their knowledge about the Hereafter was lost, and they could not understand what it was.
(Lo! thy Lord) O Muhammad (knoweth surely all that their bosoms hide) of hatred and enmity, (and all that they proclaim) and all that they display of disbelief, idolatry and aggression.