The Prostration, Worship, Adoration, The Adoration — Verse 6
32:6 · as-Sajdah
Verse display
ذَ ٰلِكَ عَـٰلِمُ ٱلۡغَیۡبِ وَٱلشَّهَـٰدَةِ ٱلۡعَزِیزُ ٱلرَّحِیمُ ٦
dhālika ʿālimu l-ghaybi wal-shahādati l-ʿazīzu l-raḥīm
The Prostration, Worship, Adoration, The Adoration / as-Sajdah (32:6)
Connections 2 single-source 2 commentators
Multi-source connections
No verses on this ayah are cited by 2 or more commentators using numeric S:A notation. All extracted references come from a single source's commentary.
Single-source mentions (2) cited by only one commentator
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Q 65:12 (at-Talaq)
cited by
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Q 70:4 (al-Ma`arij)
cited by
By commentator who cites how many verses on this ayah
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Ma'arif-ul-Quran 1 verse
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Tafsir Ibn Kathir (abridged) 1 verse
Note: these connections are extracted from numeric S:A references inside the commentary text and are therefore biased toward mufassirun who use that notation. Prose-style references (e.g. "Surat al-Baqarah verse 30") will be added later, which should surface additional multi-source consensus.
Such is He who knows all that is unseen as well as what is seen, the Almighty, the Merciful
dhālika ʿālimu l-ghaybi wal-shahādati l-ʿazīzu l-raḥīm
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Tafsir Commentary
Allah is the Creator and Controller of the Universe
Allah tells us that He is the Creator of all things. He created the heavens and earth and all that is between them in six days, then He rose over the Throne -- we have already discussed this matter elsewhere.
مَا لَكُمْ مِّن دُونِهِ مِن وَلِيٍّ وَلاَ شَفِيعٍ
(You have none, besides Him, as a protector or an intercessor) means, only He is the Sovereign Who is in control of all affairs, the Creator of all things, the Controller of all things, the One Who is able to do all things. There is no Creator besides Him, no intercessor except the one to whom He gives permission.
أَفَلاَ تَتَذَكَّرُونَ
(Will you not then remember) -- this is addressed to those who worship others apart from Him and put their trust in others besides Him -- exalted and sanctified and glorified be He above having any equal, partner, supporter, rival or peer, there is no God or Lord except Him.
يُدَبِّرُ الاٌّمْرَ مِنَ السَّمَآءِ إِلَى الاٌّرْضِ ثُمَّ يَعْرُجُ إِلَيْهِ
(He directs the command from the heavens to the earth; then it will go up to Him,) means, His command comes down from above the heavens to the furthest boundary of the seventh earth. This is like the Ayah,
اللَّهُ الَّذِى خَلَقَ سَبْعَ سَمَـوَتٍ وَمِنَ الاٌّرْضِ مِثْلَهُنَّ يَتَنَزَّلُ الاٌّمْرُ بَيْنَهُنَّ
(It is Allah Who has created seven heavens and of the earth the like thereof. The command descends between them, ) (65:12) Deeds are raised up to the place of recording above the lowest heaven. The distance between heaven and earth is the distance of five hundred years traveling, and the thickness of the heaven is the distance of five hundred years. Mujahid, Qatadah and Ad-Dahhak said, "The distance covered by the angel when he descends or ascends is the distance of five hundred years, but he covers it in the blink of an eye." Allah says:
فِى يَوْمٍ كَانَ مِقْدَارُهُ أَلْفَ سَنَةٍ مِّمَّا تَعُدُّونَذَلِكَ عَالِمُ الْغَيْبِ وَالشَّهَـدَةِ
(in one Day, the measurement of which is a thousand years of your reckoning. That is He, the All-Knower of the unseen and the seen,) meaning, He is controlling all these affairs. He sees all that His servants do, and all their deeds, major and minor, significant and insignificant, ascend to Him. He is the Almighty Who has subjugated all things to His control, and to Whom everybody submits, and He is Most Merciful to His believing servants. He is Almighty in His mercy and Most Merciful in His might. This is perfection: might combined with mercy and mercy combined with might, for He is Merciful without any hint of weakness.
That Creator and Director is the Knower of the Unseen and the visible that is what is hidden from creatures and what is present before them the Mighty the Invincible in His kingdom the Merciful to those who are obedient to Him
ذلك الخالق المدبِّر لشؤون العالمين، عالم بكل ما يغيب عن الأبصار، مما تُكِنُّه الصدور وتخفيه النفوس، وعالم بما شاهدته الأبصار، وهو القويُّ الظاهر الذي لا يغالَب، الرحيم بعباده المؤمنين.
"ذلك عالم الغيب والشهادة" أي المدبر لهذه الأمور الذي هو شهيد على أعمال عباده يرفع إليه جليلها وحقيرها وصغيرها وكبيرها هو العزيز الذي قد عز كل شيء فقهره وغلبه ودانت له العباد والرقاب الرحيم بعباده المؤمنين فهو عزيز في رحمته رحيم في عزته وهذا هو الكمال العزة مع الرحمة والرحمة مع العزة فهو رحيم بلا ذل.
واسم الإِشارة فى قوله ( ذلك عَالِمُ الغيب والشهادة العزيز الرحيم ) يعود إلى الله - تعالى - ، وهو مبتدأ ، وهو بعده أخبار له - عز وجل - .أى : ذلك الذى اتصف بتلك الصفات الجليلة ، وفعل تلك الأفعال المتقنة الحكيمة ، هو الله - تعالى - ، ( عَالِمُ الغيب والشهادة ) أى : عالم كل ما غاب عن الحسن ، وكل ما هو مشاهد له ، لا يخفى عليه شئ مما ظهر أو بطن ( العزيز ) الذى لاي غلبه غالب ( الرحيم ) بعباده .
القول في تأويل قوله تعالى : ذَلِكَ عَالِمُ الْغَيْبِ وَالشَّهَادَةِ الْعَزِيزُ الرَّحِيمُ ، يقول تعالى ذكره: هذا الذي يفعل ما وصفت لكم في هذه الآيات، هو ( عَالِمُ الْغَيْبِ )، يعني عالم ما يغيب عن أبصاركم أيها الناس، فلا تبصرونه مما تكنه الصدور وتخفيه النفوس، وما لم يكن بعد مما هو كائن، ( وَالشَّهَادَةِ ) يعني: ما شاهدته الأبصار فأبصرته وعاينته وما هو موجود ( الْعَزِيزُ ) يقول: الشديد في انتقامه ممن كفر به، وأشرك معه غيره، وكذّب رسله ( الرَّحِيمُ ) بمن تاب من ضلالته، ورجع إلى الإيمان به وبرسوله، والعمل بطاعته، أن يعذّبه بعد التوبة.
( ذلك عالم الغيب والشهادة ) يعني : ذلك الذي صنع ما ذكره من خلق السماوات والأرض عالم ما غاب عن الخلق وما حضر ) ( العزيز الرحيم )
ذَلِكَ عَالِمُ الْغَيْبِ وَالشَّهَادَةِ الْعَزِيزُ الرَّحِيمُ (6)جيء بالإشارة إلى اسم الجلالة بعدما أجري عليه مِن أوصاف التصرف بخلق الكائنات وتدبير أمورها للتنبيه على أن المشار إليه باسم الإشارة حقيق بما يَرِد بعد اسم الإشارة من أجل تلك الصفات المتقدمة كما تقدم في قوله تعالى : { أولئك على هدى من ربهم } في سورة البقرة ( 5 ) ، لا جرم أن المتصرف بذلك الخلق والتدبير عالم بجميع مخلوقاته ومحيط بجميع شؤونها فهو عالم الغيب ، أي : ما غاب عن حواس الخلق ، وعالِمُ الشهادة ، وهو ما يدخل تحت إدراك الحواس ، فالمراد بالغيب والشهادة : كل غائب وكل مشهود . والمقصود هو علم الغيب لأنهم لما أنكروا البعث وإحياء الموتى كانت شبهتهم في إحالته أن أجزاء الأجسام تفرقت وتخللت الأرضَ ، ولذلك عقب بقوله بعده { وقالوا أإذا ضَلَلْنَا في الأرض إنَّا لفِي خلق جديد } [ السجدة : 10 ] . وأما عطف { والشهادة } فهو تكميل واحتراس .ومناسبة وصفه تعالى ب { العزيز الرحيم } عقب ما تقدم أنه خلق الخلق بمحض قدرته بدون معين ، فالعزة وهي الاستغناء عن الغير ظاهرة ، وأنه خلقهم على أحوال فيها لطف بهم فهو رحيم بهم فيما خلقهم إذ جعل أمور حياتهم ملائمة لهم فيها نعيم لهم وجنبهم الآلام فيها . فهذا سبب الجمع بين صفتي { العزيز والرحيم هنا على خلاف الغالب من ذكر الحكيم مع العزيز .و { العزيز الرحيم } يجوز كونهما خبرين آخرين عن اسم الإشارة أو وصفين ل { عَالِم الغَيب .
{ ذَلِكَ } الذي خلق تلك المخلوقات العظيمة، الذي استوى على العرش العظيم، وانفرد بالتدابير في المملكة، { عَالِمُ الْغَيْبِ وَالشَّهَادَةِ الْعَزِيزُ الرَّحِيمُ } فبسعة علمه، وكمال عزته، وعموم رحمته، أوجدها، وأودع فيها، من المنافع ما أودع، ولم يعسر عليه تدبيرها.
قوله تعالى : ذلك عالم الغيب والشهادة العزيز الرحيمقوله تعالى : ذلك عالم الغيب والشهادة أي علم ما غاب عن الخلق وما حضرهم . و ( ذلك ) بمعنى أنا . حسبما تقدم بيانه في أول البقرة . وفي الكلام معنى التهديد والوعيد ; أي أخلصوا أفعالكم وأقوالكم فإني أجازي عليها .
The gradual creation of the universe, in six days meaning six stages, along with the system full of wisdom governing it, is indicative of the fact that the Creator has some special purpose behind this creation. Moreover, numerous processes are incessantly going on in the universe. This further proves that its Creator is running it in a well-planned manner. The human being is a wonderful living organism, but if his body is analyzed, it will be found that it is composed of earth elements. Then this creation does not end there, but continues eternally through the process of procreation and regeneration. If the individual gives deep and serious consideration to these facts, his mind will be free of feelings of awe for anything except the Majesty of God. He will become a grateful subject of God. But there are very few who give deep consideration to anything. That is why there are very few people who offer praises to God and are grateful to Him.
Commentary
The length of the day of Qiyamah
The text in verse 5 cited above says: فِي يَوْمٍ كَانَ مِقْدَارُهُ أَلْفَ سَنَةٍ مِّمَّا تَعُدُّونَ (in a day the measure of which is a thousand years according to the way you count - 5). And it appears in a verse of Surah Al-Ma` arij:... (in a day the extent of which is fifty thousand years - 70:4).
A simple explanation of this is what appears in Bayan-ul-Qur'an - since this day will be horrendous, people would find it very long. Then, this length will be felt in terms of one's measure of faith and deeds. Big criminals will find the day longer while the small ones will find it comparatively shorter, so much so that the day some would feel to be of a thousand years, to others, it would appear as of fifty thousand years.
Tafsir Ruh-ul-Ma’ ani reports several other explanations from the ` Ulama' and Sufiya'. But, all these are nothing but conjectures. Something which can be traced back to a proved meaning of the Qur'an or something which can be believed in is just not there. Therefore, the most sound approach in this matter is the same as was taken by the early elders of Islam, the Sahabah and the Tabi` in: They had left the knowledge of this difference of one and fifty to Allah without explaining it on the basis of human whims and, on their part, they had found it sufficient to say, ` we do not know.'
About it, Sayyidna ` Abdullah Ibn ` Abbas ؓ said:
ھُمَا یَومَانِ ذَکَرَھُما اللہُ تَعَالٰی فِی کِتَابِہٖ اللہُ تَعَالٰی اَعلَمُ بِھِمَا وَاَکرَہُ اَن اَقُولَ فِی کِتَابِ اللہِ مَالَا اَعلَمُ
They are two days mentioned by Allah Ta’ ala in His Book. Allah Ta’ ala knows best about them and I dislike to say in the matter of the Book of Allah that which I do not know.
(Such) the Ordaining One (is the Knower of the invisible) what is hidden from the servants and will happen in the future (and the visible) that which the servants know and has already happened, (the Mighty) in retribution against the disbelievers, (the Merciful) towards the believers,