The Letter Sad — Verse 66
38:66 · Sad
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رَبُّ ٱلسَّمَـٰوَ ٰتِ وَٱلۡأَرۡضِ وَمَا بَیۡنَهُمَا ٱلۡعَزِیزُ ٱلۡغَفَّـٰرُ ٦٦
rabbu l-samāwāti wal-arḍi wamā baynahumā l-ʿazīzu l-ghafār
The Letter Sad / Sad (38:66)
Lord of the heavens and earth and everything between, the Almighty, the Most Forgiving.’
rabbu l-samāwāti wal-arḍi wamā baynahumā l-ʿazīzu l-ghafār
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Tafsir Commentary
The Message of the Messenger is a Great News
Allah tells His Messenger to say to those who disbelieved in Allah, associated others in worship with Him and denied His Messenger: `I am a warner, I am not as you claim.'
وَمَا مِنْ إِلَـهٍ إِلاَّ اللَّهُ الْوَحِدُ الْقَهَّارُ
(and there is no God (worthy of worship) except Allah, the One, the Irresistible,) means, He Alone has subjugated and controlled everything.
رَّبُّ السَّمَـوَتِ وَالاٌّرْضِ وَمَا بَيْنَهُمَا
(The Lord of the heavens and the earth and all that is between them,) means, He is the Sovereign of all that and is in control of it.
الْعَزِيزُ الْغَفَّارُ
(the Almighty, the Oft-Forgiving.) means, He is Oft-Forgiving as well as being Almighty and All-Powerful.
قُلْ هُوَ نَبَأٌ عَظِيمٌ
(Say: "That (this Qur'an) is a great news,") means, `something very important, which is that Allah has sent me to you.
أَنتُمْ عَنْهُ مُعْرِضُونَ
(From which you turn away!) means, `you neglect it.'
مَا كَانَ لِىَ مِنْ عِلْمٍ بِالْمَـَلإِ الاٌّعْلَى إِذْ يَخْتَصِمُونَ
(I had no knowledge of the chiefs (angels) on high when they were disputing and discussing. ) meaning, `were it not for the divine revelation, how could I have known about the dispute of the chiefs on high (the angels)' This refers to their dispute concerning Adam, peace be upon him, and how Iblis refused to prostrate to him and argued with his Lord because He preferred him (Adam) over him. This is what Allah says:
Lord of the heavens and the earth and all that is between them the Mighty Whose way always prevails the ever Forgiving’ of His friends.
مالك السموات والأرض وما بينهما العزيز في انتقامه، الغفار لذنوب مَن تاب وأناب إلى مرضاته.
"رب السموات والأرض وما بينهما" أي هو مالك جميع ذلك ومتصرف فيه "العزيز الغفار" أي غفار مع عظمته وعزته.
الموجد للسموات والأرض وما بينهما ، الغالب لكل شئ ، الكثير المغفرة لمن يشاء من عباده .فأنت ترى أنه - سبحانه - قد وصف ذاته فى هاتين الآيتين بخمس صفات؛ تليق بذاته وببيان أن الشرك به - سبحانه - فى العبادة أو الطاعة ظلم عظيم وجهل فاضح .
وقوله ( الْعَزِيزُ الْغَفَّارُ ) يقول: العزيز في نقمته من أهل الكفر به, المدّعين معه إلها غيره, الغفَّار لذنوب من تاب منهم ومن غيرهم من كفره ومعاصيه, فأناب إلى الإيمان به, والطاعة له بالانتهاء إلى أمره ونهيه.
" رب السموات والأرض وما بينهما العزيز الغفار ".
رَبُّ السَّمَاوَاتِ وَالْأَرْضِ وَمَا بَيْنَهُمَا الْعَزِيزُ الْغَفَّارُ (66)( وإتباع ذلك بصفة رَبُّ السمواتتِ والأرضِ وما بينهما } تصريح بعموم ربوبيته وأنه لا شريك له في شيء منها . ووصف { العزيزُ } تمهيد للوصف ب { الغَفَّارُ } ، أي الغفّار عن عزّة ومقدرة لا عن عجز وملق أو مراعاة جانب مساو . والمقصود من وصف { الغفَّارُ } هنا استدعاء المشركين إلى التوحيد بعد تهديدهم بمفاد وصف { القهَّارُ } لكي لا ييأسوا من قبول التوبة بسبب كثرة ما سيق إليهم من الوعيد جرياً على عادة القرآن في تعقيب الترهيب بالترغيب والعكس .
فالذي يقهر جميع الأشياء هو الواحد الذي لا نظير له، وهو الذي يستحق أن يعبد وحده، كما كان قاهرا وحده، وقرر ذلك أيضا بتوحيد الربوبية فقال: { رَبُّ السَّمَاوَاتِ وَالْأَرْضِ وَمَا بَيْنَهُمَا } أي: خالقهما، ومربيهما، ومدبرها بجميع أنواع التدابير. { الْعَزِيزُ } الذي له القوة، التي بها خلق المخلوقات العظيمة. { الْغَفَّارُ } لجميع الذنوب، صغيرها، وكبيرها، لمن تاب إليه وأقلع منها.فهذا الذي يحب ويستحق أن يعبد، دون من لا يخلق ولا يرزق، ولا يضر ولا ينفع، ولا يملك من الأمر شيئا، وليس له قوة الاقتدار، ولا بيده مغفرة الذنوب والأوزار.
رب السماوات والأرض وما بينهما " بالرفع على النعت وإن نصبت الأول نصبته . ويجوز رفع الأول ونصب ما بعده على المدح . و " العزيز " معناه المنيع الذي لا مثل له . " الغفار " : الستار لذنوب خلقه .
It is stated in the Quran that Satan had become man’s enemy from the very first day. He dissuaded Adam’s progeny from adopting the right path by his glib and deceitful talk. Man should therefore be wary of Satan and try to save himself from his evil designs. Satan pursues man at all times and, surreptitiously entering his thoughts, manages to misguide him. Man must save himself from Satan and his promptings.
Commentary
A Gist of the Subjects of the Surah
In verse 65, it was said: قُلْ إِنَّمَا أَنَا مُنذِرٌ (Say, “ I am only a warner) At the beginning of the Surah, you have seen that the real objective of this Surah was the affirmation of the prophethood of the noble Prophet ﷺ refutation of what the disbelievers said. In this connection, events relating to blessed prophets of the past were mentioned for two reasons. Firstly, that they bring comfort to the Holy Prophet ﷺ and that he too observes patience against the absurd allegations leveled by those who disbelieved - the same patience as observed by the blessed prophets before him. Secondly, that those who were denying the credentials of a true prophet should themselves learn their lesson through these events. After that, another method was used to invite the disbelievers to Islam. For this purpose, their attention was drawn to the good end of the believers, as opposed to the severe punishment awaiting disbelievers, while they were also warned that the people they were following were the ones who were prompting them to belie the true messenger of Allah, and the same people will refuse to help you in any way on the Day of Judgment, in fact, they would paint you black and you would curse them.
After a delineation of these subjects, the text has, in the concluding part, reverted to the main purpose, that is, it takes up the confirmation of prophethood of the Holy Prophet ﷺ . In this process, along with a presentation of necessary arguments, a compassionate invitation to believe has also been given.
(Lord of the heavens and the earth) the Creator of the heavens and the earth (and all that is between them) of created beings and marvels, (the Mighty) in retribution against those who disbelieve in Him, (the Pardoning) He pardons those who repent and believe in Him.