The Heights, The Elevated Places — Verse 151

قَالَ بِئْسَمَا خَلَفْتُمُونِى مِن بَعْدِى (He (Musa) said: "What an evil thing is that which you have done during my absence.") evil it is that which you committed after I departed and left you, by worshiping the calf, أَعَجِلْتُمْ أَمْرَ رَبِّكُمْ (Did you hasten in the matter of your Lord) Musa said, `You wanted me to rush back to you, even though being there this was Allah's decision' Allah said next, وَأَلْقَى الأَلْوَاحَ وَأَخَذَ بِرَأْسِ أَخِيهِ يَجُرُّهُ إِلَيْهِ (And he threw down the Tablets and seized his brother by his head and dragged him towards him.) This Ayah demonstrates the meaning of the Hadith, «لَيْسَ الْخَبَرُ كَالْمُعَايَنَة» (Information is not the same as observation.) It indicates that Musa threw down the Tablets because he was angry at his people, according to the majority of scholars of early and latter times. Allah said, وَأَخَذَ بِرَأْسِ أَخِيهِ يَجُرُّهُ إِلَيْهِ (and seized his brother by (the hair of) his head and dragged him towards him.) for Musa feared that Harun might have not tried hard enough to forbid them from their evil action. In another Ayah, Allah said, قَالَ يهَـرُونُ مَا مَنَعَكَ إِذْ رَأَيْتَهُمْ ضَلُّواْ - أَلاَّ تَتَّبِعَنِ أَفَعَصَيْتَ أَمْرِى - قَالَ يَبْنَؤُمَّ لاَ تَأْخُذْ بِلِحْيَتِى وَلاَ بِرَأْسِى إِنِّى خَشِيتُ أَن تَقُولَ فَرَّقْتَ بَيْنَ بَنِى إِسْرءِيلَ وَلَمْ تَرْقُبْ قَوْلِى .(He Musa said: "O Harun ! What prevented you when you saw them going astray. That you followed me not (according to my advice to you) Have you then disobeyed my order" He Harun said: "O son of my mother! Seize (me) not by my beard, nor by my head! Verily, I feared lest you should say: `You have caused a division among the Children of Israel, and you have not respected (waited or observed) my word!"') 20:92-94. Here, Allah said that Harun said, ابْنَ أُمَّ إِنَّ الْقَوْمَ اسْتَضْعَفُونِى وَكَادُواْ يَقْتُلُونَنِى فَلاَ تُشْمِتْ بِىَ الأَعْدَآءَ وَلاَ تَجْعَلْنِى مَعَ الْقَوْمِ الظَّـلِمِينَ ("O son of my mother! Indeed the people judged me weak and were about to kill me, so make not the enemies rejoice over me, nor put me among the people who are wrongdoers.") Harun said, `Do not place me on the same level as they are, as if I was one of them.' Further, Harun said, `O son of my mother', so that Musa would feel more mercy and leniency towards him, even though Harun was also the son of Musa's father. When Musa was satisfied that his brother was innocent, وَلَقَدْ قَالَ لَهُمْ هَـرُونُ مِن قَبْلُ يقَوْمِ إِنَّمَا فُتِنتُمْ بِهِ وَإِنَّ رَبَّكُمُ الرَّحْمَـنُ فَاتَّبِعُونِى وَأَطِيعُواْ أَمْرِى (And Harun indeed had said to them beforehand: "O my people! You are being tried in this, and verily, your Lord is (Allah) the Most Gracious, so follow me and obey my order.") 20:90, this is when, قَالَ (he said) Musa, رَبِّ اغْفِرْ لِى وَلأَخِى وَأَدْخِلْنَا فِي رَحْمَتِكَ وَأَنتَ أَرْحَمُ الرَحِمِينَ ("O my Lord! Forgive me and my brother, and admit us into Your mercy, for you are the Most Merciful of those who show mercy.") Ibn Abi Hatim recorded that Ibn `Abbas said that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, «يَرْحَمُ اللهُ مُوسَى لَيْسَ الْمُعَايِنُ كَالْمُخْبِرِ أَخْبَرَهُ رَبُّهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ أَنَّ قَوْمَهُ فُتِنُوا بَعْدَهُ فَلَمْ يَلْقَ الْأَلْوَاحَ فَلَمَّا رَآهُمْ وَعَايَنَهُمْ أَلْقَى الْأَلْوَاح» (May Allah grant His mercy to Musa! Surely, he who observes something is nothing like he who is informed about it. His Lord, the Exalted and Most Honored, told him that his people were tested after him, but he did not throw the Tablets. When he saw them with his eyes, then he threw the Tablets.)

He said ‘My Lord forgive me what I have done to my brother and my brother he includes him in the supplication in order to reconcile him and to fend off any gloating over his misfortune and admit us into Your mercy for You are the Most Merciful of the merciful’.

He threw down the Tablets.... He said, “My Lord, forgive me and my brother.” In this there is an allusion that the servant must ask forgiveness in all states and realize that it is His to chastise the innocent, for all of creation is owned by him, and the owner's determination perme- ates what He owns. The Children of Israel sinned, and Moses and his brother apologized and asked forgiveness. This is the path of the chevaliers and the road of the Sufis: They also place the sin upon themselves and apologize for sins not committed. When we are ill, we come to You, we visit you. They sin, so we come to You and apologize.

He threw down the Tablets.... He said, “My Lord, forgive me and my brother.” In this there is an allusion that the servant must ask forgiveness in all states and realize that it is His to chastise the innocent, for all of creation is owned by him, and the owner's determination perme- ates what He owns. The Children of Israel sinned, and Moses and his brother apologized and asked forgiveness. This is the path of the chevaliers and the road of the Sufis: They also place the sin upon themselves and apologize for sins not committed. When we are ill, we come to You, we visit you. They sin, so we come to You and apologize.

He threw down the Tablets.... He said, “My Lord, forgive me and my brother.” In this there is an allusion that the servant must ask forgiveness in all states and realize that it is His to chastise the innocent, for all of creation is owned by him, and the owner's determination perme- ates what He owns. The Children of Israel sinned, and Moses and his brother apologized and asked forgiveness. This is the path of the chevaliers and the road of the Sufis: They also place the sin upon themselves and apologize for sins not committed. When we are ill, we come to You, we visit you. They sin, so we come to You and apologize.

He threw down the Tablets.... He said, “My Lord, forgive me and my brother.” In this there is an allusion that the servant must ask forgiveness in all states and realize that it is His to chastise the innocent, for all of creation is owned by him, and the owner's determination perme- ates what He owns. The Children of Israel sinned, and Moses and his brother apologized and asked forgiveness. This is the path of the chevaliers and the road of the Sufis: They also place the sin upon themselves and apologize for sins not committed. When we are ill, we come to You, we visit you. They sin, so we come to You and apologize.

He threw down the Tablets.... He said, �My Lord, forgive me and my brother.�In this there is an allusion that the servant must ask forgiveness in all states and realize that it is His to chastise the innocent, for all of creation is owned by him, and the owner's determination perme- ates what He owns.The Children of Israel sinned, and Moses and his brother apologized and asked forgiveness. This is the path of the chevaliers and the road of the Sufis: They also place the sin upon themselves and apologize for sins not committed.When we are ill, we come to You, we visit you. They sin, so we come to You and apologize.

قال موسى لما تبين له عذر أخيه، وعلم أنه لم يُفَرِّط فيما كان عليه من أمر الله: ربِّ اغفر لي غضبي، واغفر لأخي ما سبق بينه وبين بني إسرائيل، وأدخلنا في رحمتك الواسعة، فإنك أرحم بنا من كل راحم.

عند ذلك "قال" موسى "رب اغفر لي ولأخي وأدخلنا في رحمتك وأنت أرحم الراحمين" وقال ابن أبي حاتم: حدثنا الحسن بن محمد بن الصباح ثنا عفان ثنا أبو عوانة عن أبي بشر عن سعيد بن جبير عن ابن عباس قال: قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم "يرحم الله موسى ليس المعاين كالمخبر أخبره ربه عز وجل أن قومه فتنوا بعده فلم يلق الألواح فلما رآهم وعاينهم ألقى الألواح".

وهنا اقتنع موسى - عليه السلام - ببراءة هارون من مغبة التقصيرفقال :( رَبِّ اغفر لِي وَلأَخِي وَأَدْخِلْنَا فِي رَحْمَتِكَ وَأَنتَ أَرْحَمُ الراحمين ) أى : قال موسى ليرضى أخاه ، وليظهر لأهل الشماتة رضاه عنه بعد أن ثبتت براءته : رب اغفر لى ما فرط منى من قول أو فعل فيه غلظة على أخى .واغفر له كذلك ما عسى أن يكون قد قصر فيه مما أنت أعلم به منى ، وأدخلنا فى رحمتك التى وسعت كل شىء فأنت أرحم بعبادك من كل راحم .وبهذا يكون القرآن الكريم قد برأ ساحة هارون من التقصير ، وأثبت أنه قد عرض نفسه للأذى فى سبيل أن يصرف عابدى العجل عن عبادته وفى ذلك تصحيح لما جاء فى التوراة ( الفصل الثانى والثلاثين من سفر الخروج ) من أن هارون - عليه السلام - هو الذى صنع العجل لبنى إسرائيل ليعبدوه فى غيبة موسى - عليه السلام - .

القول في تأويل قوله : قَالَ رَبِّ اغْفِرْ لِي وَلأَخِي وَأَدْخِلْنَا فِي رَحْمَتِكَ وَأَنْتَ أَرْحَمُ الرَّاحِمِينَ (151)قال أبو جعفر: يقول تعالى ذكره: قال موسى، لما تبين له عذر أخيه, وعلم أنه لم يفرط في الواجب الذي كان عليه من أمر الله، في ارتكاب ما فعله الجهلة من عبدة العجل: " رب اغفر لي"، مستغفرًا من فعله بأخيه, ولأخيه من سالفٍ سلف له بينه وبين الله: (24) تغمد ذنوبنا بستر منك تسترها به (25) = " وأدخلنا في رحمتك "، يقول: وارحمنا برحمتك الواسعة عبادك المؤمنين, فإنك أنت أرحم بعبادك من كل من رحم شيئًا.------------------الهوامش :(24) (1) في المطبوعة : (( من سالف له )) ، أسقط (( سلف )) ، وهي من المخطوطة .(25) (2) انظر تفسير (( المغفرة )) فيما سف من فهارس اللغة ( غفر ) .

( قال ) موسى لما تبين له عذر أخيه ، ( رب اغفر لي ) ما صنعت إلى أخي ، ( ولأخي ) إن كان منه تقصير في الإنكار على عبدة العجل ، ( وأدخلنا ) جميعا ( في رحمتك وأنت أرحم الراحمين ) .

وجملة : { قال رب اغفر لي } جواب عن كلام هارون ، فلذلك فصلت . وابتدأ موسى دعاءه فطلب المغفرة لنفسه تأدباً مع الله فيما ظهر عليه من الغضب ، ثم طلب المغفرة لأخيه فيما عسى أن يكون قد ظهر منه من تفريط أو تساهل في ردع عبدة العجل عن ذلك .وذكر وصف الأُخوة هناك زيادة في الاستعطاف عسى الله أن يُكرم رسوله بالمغفرة لأخيه كقول نوح : { رب إن ابني من أهلي } [ هود : 45 ].والإدخال في الرحمة استعارة لشمول الرحمة لهما في سائر أحوالهما ، بحيث يكونان منها ، كالمستقر في بيت أو نحوه مما يحوي ، فالإدخال استعارة أصلية وحرف ( في ) استعارة تبعية ، أوقع حرفه الظرفية موقع باء الملابسة .وجملة : { وأنت أرحم الراحمين } تذييل ، والواوُ للحال أو اعتراضية ، و { أرحم الراحمين } الأشد رحمة من كل راحم .

فندم موسى عليه السلام على ما استعجل من صنعه بأخيه قبل أن يعلم براءته، مما ظنه فيه من التقصير. و قَالَ رَبِّ اغْفِرْ لِي وَلأخِي هارون وَأَدْخِلْنَا فِي رَحْمَتِكَ أي: في وسطها، واجعل رحمتك تحيط بنا من كل جانب، فإنها حصن حصين، من جميع الشرور، وثم كل الخير وسرور. وَأَنْتَ أَرْحَمُ الرَّاحِمِينَ أي: أرحم بنا من كل راحم، أرحم بنا من آبائنا، وأمهاتنا وأولادنا وأنفسنا.

لا يوجد تفسير لهذه الأية

When Moses came down from the Mountain and saw the Israelites worshipping the golden calf, he held Aaron responsible for this, under the impression that he had neglected his duty as a reformer. Moses caught hold of him in anger but Aaron clarified his position and told him that he had done all he could to show them the right path. But they had not listened to him. So Moses checked himself, and started praying to God for Aaron. Many misunderstandings take place between believers, but after clarification they return to normalcy, just as if no misunderstanding had ever taken place.

Thereafter he turned to the Prophet Harun (علیہ السلام) and grasped the hair of his head. The Prophet Harun (علیہ السلام) then gave him the true account of the events and said that it was not his fault, for he stopped them from this wicked act but they did not listen to him. They were so obstinate about it that they were about to kill him. He said that he should not count him among the ignorant people and should not let his enemies laugh at him by treating him in that way. This made the Prophet Musa (علیہ السلام) cool down. At this occasion, he prayed to Allah, saying, رَ‌بِّ اغْفِرْ‌ لِي وَلِأَخِي وَأَدْخِلْنَا فِي رَ‌حْمَتِكَ ۖ وَأَنتَ أَرْ‌حَمُ الرَّ‌احِمِينَ "My Lord, forgive me and my brother, and admit us to Your mercy, and You are the most merciful of all those who show mercy." He asked forgiveness for his brother for any of his shortcoming with regard to his duties. He asked forgiveness for himself either for his putting away the tablets of the Torah in a hurry which the Holy Qur'an had described as having been 'dropped' to make a gesture of warning, or perhaps, for educating people that they should include themselves while asking forgiveness for others to preclude the sense of complacency on their part.

(He) Moses (said: My Lord! Have mercy on me) because of what I did to Aaron (and on my brother) Aaron because he did not fight them; (bring us into Thy mercy) in Your Garden, (Thou the Most Merciful of all who show mercy) towards us.