Joseph — Verse 99

Yusuf welcomes His Parents - His Dream comes True Allah states that Ya`qub went to Yusuf in Egypt. Yusuf had asked his brothers to bring all of their family, and they all departed their area and left Kana`an to Egypt. When Yusuf received news of their approach to Egypt, he went out to receive them. The king ordered the princes and notable people to go out in the receiving party with Yusuf to meet Allah's Prophet Ya`qub, peace be upon him. It is said that the king also went out with them to meet Ya`qub. Yusuf said to his family, after they entered unto him and he took them to himself, وَقَالَ ادْخُلُواْ مِصْرَ إِن شَآءَ اللَّهُ ءَامِنِينَ (and said: "Enter Egypt, if Allah wills, in security.") He said to them, `enter Egypt', meaning, `reside in Egypt', and added, `if Allah wills, in security', in reference to the hardship and famine that they suffered. Allah said next, ءَاوَى إِلَيْهِ أَبَوَيْهِ (and he took his parents to himself) As-Suddi and `Abdur-Rahman bin Zayd bin Aslam said that his parents were his father and maternal aunt, as his mother had died long ago. Muhammad bin Ishaq and Ibn Jarir At-Tabari said, "His father and mother were both alive." Ibn Jarir added, "There is no evidence that his mother had died before then. Rather, the apparent words of the Qur'an testify that she was alive." This opinion has the apparent and suitable meaning that this story testifies to. Allah said next, وَرَفَعَ أَبَوَيْهِ عَلَى الْعَرْشِ (And he raised his parents to Al-'Arsh) he raised them to his bedstead where he sat, according to Ibn `Abbas, Mujahid and several others. Allah said, وَخَرُّواْ لَهُ سُجَّدَا (and they fell down before him prostrate.) Yusuf's parents and brothers prostrated before him, and they were eleven men, وَقَالَ يأَبَتِ هَـذَا تَأْوِيلُ رُؤْيَـى مِن قَبْلُ (And he said: "O my father! This is the Ta'wil (interpretation) of my dream aforetime..."), in reference to the dream that he narrated to his father before, إِنِّى رَأَيْتُ أَحَدَ عَشَرَ كَوْكَبًا (I saw (in a dream) eleven stars...) In the laws of these and previous Prophets, it was allowed for the people to prostrate before the men of authority, when they met them. This practice was allowed in the law of Adam until the law of `Isa, peace be upon them, but was later prohibited in our law. Islam made prostration exclusively for Allah Alone, the Exalted and Most Honored. The implication of this statement was collected from Qatadah and other scholars. When Mu`adh bin Jabal visited the Sham area, he found them prostrating before their priests. When he returned (to Al-Madinah), he prostrated before the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, who asked him, «مَا هَذَا يَا مُعَاذُ؟» (What is this, O, Mu`adh) Mu`adh said, "I saw that they prostrate before their priests. However, you, O Messenger of Allah, deserve more to be prostrated before." The Messenger ﷺ said, «لَوْ كُنْتُ آمِرًا أَحَدًا أَنْ يَسْجُدَ لِأَحَدٍ، لَأَمَرْتُ الْمَرْأَةَ أَنْ تَسْجُدَ لِزَوْجِهَا لِعِظَمِ حَقِّهِ عَلَيْهَا» (If I were to order anyone to prostrate before anyone else (among the creation), I would have ordered the wife to prostrate before her husband because of the enormity of his right on her.) Therefore, this practice was allowed in previous laws, as we stated. This is why they (Ya`qub and his wife and eleven sons) prostrated before Yusuf, who said at that time, يأَبَتِ هَـذَا تَأْوِيلُ رُؤْيَـى مِن قَبْلُ قَدْ جَعَلَهَا رَبِّى حَقًّا (O my father! This is the Ta'wil of my dream aforetime! My Lord has made it come true!) using the word, `Ta'wil', to describe what became of the matter, later on. Allah said in another Ayah, هَلْ يَنظُرُونَ إِلاَّ تَأْوِيلَهُ يَوْمَ يَأْتِى تَأْوِيلُهُ (Await they just for its Ta'wil On the Day the event is finally fulfilled...), meaning, on the Day of Judgement what they were promised of good or evil will surely come to them. Yusuf said, قَدْ جَعَلَهَا رَبِّى حَقًّا (My Lord has made it come true!) mentioning that Allah blessed him by making his dream come true, وَقَدْ أَحْسَنَ بَى إِذْ أَخْرَجَنِى مِنَ السِّجْنِ وَجَآءَ بِكُمْ مِّنَ الْبَدْوِ (He was indeed good to me, when He took me out of the prison, and brought you (all here) out of the bedouin life,) out of the desert, for they lived a bedouin life and raised cattle, according to Ibn Jurayj and others. He also said that they used to live in the Arava, Ghur area of Palestine, in Greater Syria. Yusuf said next, مِن بَعْدِ أَن نَّزغَ الشَّيْطَـنُ بَيْنِى وَبَيْنَ إِخْوَتِى إِنَّ رَبِّى لَطِيفٌ لِّمَا يَشَآءُ (after Shaytan had sown enmity between me and my brothers. Certainly, my Lord is the Most Courteous and Kind unto whom He wills.) for when Allah wills something, He brings forth its reasons and elements of existence, then wills it into existence and makes it easy to attain, إِنَّهُ هُوَ الْعَلِيمُ (Truly, He! Only He is the All-Knowing.) what benefits His servants, الْحَكِيمُ (the All-Wise.) in His statements, actions, decrees, preordain- ment and what He chooses and wills.

And when they entered to Joseph in his tent he took his parents his father and his mother — or and his maternal aunt — into his arms and said to them ‘Enter into Egypt if God will in safety’ and they entered and Joseph sat down on his throne.

So, when they entered in upon Joseph, he embraced his parents.... And he lifted his parents to the throne, and they fell prostrate before him.... " He acted beautifully toward me when He brought me out of prison and brought you from the desert after Satan had sowed dis- sension between me and my brothers. Surely my Lord is gentle toward what He will. " In going to Egypt, all were the same. But at the time of proximity and caresses, they were differ- ent, for he put his father and maternal aunt on the throne of generosity and singled them out for the companionship, nearness, and embrace, as the Exalted Lord says: " And he lifted his parents to the throne. " But he brought his brothers down to the place of service: " And they fell prostrate before him. " This is an allusion that tomorrow at the resurrection, all the faithful will be brought into paradise, both the disobedient who have been forgiven and the obedient who have been approved. Then those who were the folk of disobedience, the ones received by the Real's forgiveness, will be set down in paradise, and the folk of recognition will be singled out for the special favor of proxim- ity and nearness. They will be brought to the Presence of At-ness: at an Omnipotent King [54:55]. The Pir of the Tariqah said, " The folk of service are one thing, the folk of companionship something else. The folk of service are prisoners of paradise, the folk of companionship com- manders of paradise. The prisoners are in joy and bliss, and the commanders dwell in secret whis- pering with the Beneficent. " He acted beautifully toward me when He brought me out of prison. The beautiful-doer is not he who acts beautifully at the beginning. The beautiful-doer is he who acts beautifully after your disloyalty. Joseph saw the disloyalty of his own soul at first, when he sought refuge with the cup- bearer in prison and said, " Remember me to your lord " [12:42]. Then he saw that his deliverance from the prison was through the Real's bounty and generosity, and he counted that as beautiful doing. He said, " He acted beautifully toward me when He brought me out of prison.

So, when they entered in upon Joseph, he embraced his parents.... And he lifted his parents to the throne, and they fell prostrate before him.... " He acted beautifully toward me when He brought me out of prison and brought you from the desert after Satan had sowed dis- sension between me and my brothers. Surely my Lord is gentle toward what He will. " In going to Egypt, all were the same. But at the time of proximity and caresses, they were differ- ent, for he put his father and maternal aunt on the throne of generosity and singled them out for the companionship, nearness, and embrace, as the Exalted Lord says: " And he lifted his parents to the throne. " But he brought his brothers down to the place of service: " And they fell prostrate before him. " This is an allusion that tomorrow at the resurrection, all the faithful will be brought into paradise, both the disobedient who have been forgiven and the obedient who have been approved. Then those who were the folk of disobedience, the ones received by the Real's forgiveness, will be set down in paradise, and the folk of recognition will be singled out for the special favor of proxim- ity and nearness. They will be brought to the Presence of At-ness: at an Omnipotent King [54:55]. The Pir of the Tariqah said, " The folk of service are one thing, the folk of companionship something else. The folk of service are prisoners of paradise, the folk of companionship com- manders of paradise. The prisoners are in joy and bliss, and the commanders dwell in secret whis- pering with the Beneficent. " He acted beautifully toward me when He brought me out of prison. The beautiful-doer is not he who acts beautifully at the beginning. The beautiful-doer is he who acts beautifully after your disloyalty. Joseph saw the disloyalty of his own soul at first, when he sought refuge with the cup- bearer in prison and said, " Remember me to your lord " [12:42]. Then he saw that his deliverance from the prison was through the Real's bounty and generosity, and he counted that as beautiful doing. He said, " He acted beautifully toward me when He brought me out of prison.

So, when they entered in upon Joseph, he embraced his parents.... And he lifted his parents to the throne, and they fell prostrate before him.... " He acted beautifully toward me when He brought me out of prison and brought you from the desert after Satan had sowed dis- sension between me and my brothers. Surely my Lord is gentle toward what He will. " In going to Egypt, all were the same. But at the time of proximity and caresses, they were differ- ent, for he put his father and maternal aunt on the throne of generosity and singled them out for the companionship, nearness, and embrace, as the Exalted Lord says: " And he lifted his parents to the throne. " But he brought his brothers down to the place of service: " And they fell prostrate before him. " This is an allusion that tomorrow at the resurrection, all the faithful will be brought into paradise, both the disobedient who have been forgiven and the obedient who have been approved. Then those who were the folk of disobedience, the ones received by the Real's forgiveness, will be set down in paradise, and the folk of recognition will be singled out for the special favor of proxim- ity and nearness. They will be brought to the Presence of At-ness: at an Omnipotent King [54:55]. The Pir of the Tariqah said, " The folk of service are one thing, the folk of companionship something else. The folk of service are prisoners of paradise, the folk of companionship com- manders of paradise. The prisoners are in joy and bliss, and the commanders dwell in secret whis- pering with the Beneficent. " He acted beautifully toward me when He brought me out of prison. The beautiful-doer is not he who acts beautifully at the beginning. The beautiful-doer is he who acts beautifully after your disloyalty. Joseph saw the disloyalty of his own soul at first, when he sought refuge with the cup- bearer in prison and said, " Remember me to your lord " [12:42]. Then he saw that his deliverance from the prison was through the Real's bounty and generosity, and he counted that as beautiful doing. He said, " He acted beautifully toward me when He brought me out of prison.

So, when they entered in upon Joseph, he embraced his parents.... And he lifted his parents to the throne, and they fell prostrate before him.... " He acted beautifully toward me when He brought me out of prison and brought you from the desert after Satan had sowed dis- sension between me and my brothers. Surely my Lord is gentle toward what He will. " In going to Egypt, all were the same. But at the time of proximity and caresses, they were differ- ent, for he put his father and maternal aunt on the throne of generosity and singled them out for the companionship, nearness, and embrace, as the Exalted Lord says: " And he lifted his parents to the throne. " But he brought his brothers down to the place of service: " And they fell prostrate before him. " This is an allusion that tomorrow at the resurrection, all the faithful will be brought into paradise, both the disobedient who have been forgiven and the obedient who have been approved. Then those who were the folk of disobedience, the ones received by the Real's forgiveness, will be set down in paradise, and the folk of recognition will be singled out for the special favor of proxim- ity and nearness. They will be brought to the Presence of At-ness: at an Omnipotent King [54:55]. The Pir of the Tariqah said, " The folk of service are one thing, the folk of companionship something else. The folk of service are prisoners of paradise, the folk of companionship com- manders of paradise. The prisoners are in joy and bliss, and the commanders dwell in secret whis- pering with the Beneficent. " He acted beautifully toward me when He brought me out of prison. The beautiful-doer is not he who acts beautifully at the beginning. The beautiful-doer is he who acts beautifully after your disloyalty. Joseph saw the disloyalty of his own soul at first, when he sought refuge with the cup- bearer in prison and said, " Remember me to your lord " [12:42]. Then he saw that his deliverance from the prison was through the Real's bounty and generosity, and he counted that as beautiful doing. He said, " He acted beautifully toward me when He brought me out of prison.

So, when they entered in upon Joseph, he embraced his parents.... And he lifted his parents to the throne, and they fell prostrate before him.... " He acted beautifully toward me when He brought me out of prison and brought you from the desert after Satan had sowed dis- sension between me and my brothers. Surely my Lord is gentle toward what He will. "In going to Egypt, all were the same. But at the time of proximity and caresses, they were differ- ent, for he put his father and maternal aunt on the throne of generosity and singled them out for the companionship, nearness, and embrace, as the Exalted Lord says: " And he lifted his parents to the throne. " But he brought his brothers down to the place of service: " And they fell prostrate before him. " This is an allusion that tomorrow at the resurrection, all the faithful will be brought into paradise, both the disobedient who have been forgiven and the obedient who have been approved. Then those who were the folk of disobedience, the ones received by the Real's forgiveness, will be set down in paradise, and the folk of recognition will be singled out for the special favor of proxim- ity and nearness. They will be brought to the Presence of At-ness: at an Omnipotent King [54:55]. The Pir of the Tariqah said, " The folk of service are one thing, the folk of companionship something else. The folk of service are prisoners of paradise, the folk of companionship com- manders of paradise. The prisoners are in joy and bliss, and the commanders dwell in secret whis-pering with the Beneficent. "He acted beautifully toward me when He brought me out of prison. The beautiful-doer is not he who acts beautifully at the beginning. The beautiful-doer is he who acts beautifully after your disloyalty. Joseph saw the disloyalty of his own soul at first, when he sought refuge with the cup- bearer in prison and said, " Remember me to your lord " [12:42]. Then he saw that his deliverance from the prison was through the Real's bounty and generosity, and he counted that as beautiful doing. He said, " He acted beautifully toward me when He brought me out of prison.

وخرج يعقوب وأهله إلى "مصر" قاصدين يوسف، فلما وصلوا إليه ضمَّ يوسف إليه أبويه، وقال لهم: ادخلوا "مصر" بمشيئة الله، وأنتم آمنون من الجهد والقحط، ومن كل مكروه.

يخبر تعالى عن ورود يعقوب عليه السلام على يوسف عليه السلام وقدومه بلاد مصر لما كان يوسف قد تقدم لأخوته أن يأتوه بأهلهم أجمعين فتحملوا عن آخرهم وترحلوا من بلاد كنعان قاصدين بلاد مصر فلما أخبر يوسف عليه السلام باقترابهم خرج لتلقيهم وأمر الملك أمراءه وأكابر الناس بالخروج مع يوسف لتلقي نبي الله يعقوب عليه السلام ويقال إن الملك خرج أيضا لتلقيه وهو الأشبه وقد أشكل قوله " آوى إليه أبويه وقال ادخلوا مصر " على كثير من المفسرين فقال بعضهم هذا من المقدم والمؤخر ومعنى الكلام " وقال ادخلوا مصر إن شاء الله أمنين " وأوى إليه أبويه ورفعهما على العرش ورد ابن جرير هذا وأجاد في ذلك ثم اختار ما حكاه عن السدي أن يوسف آوى إليه أبويه لما تلقاهما ثم لما وصلوا باب البلد قال " ادخلوا مصر إن شاء الله آمنين " وفى هذا نظر أيضا لأن الإيواء إنما يكون في المنزل كقوله " آوى إليه أخاه " وفي الحديث من أوى محدثا وما المانع أن يكون قال لهم بعد ما دخلوا عليه وآواهم إليهادخلوا مصر وضمنه اسكنوا مصر إن شاء الله آمنين أي مما كنتم فيه من الجهد والقحط ؟ ويقال والله أعلم إن الله تعالى رفع عن أهل مصر بقية السنين المجدبة ببركة قدوم يعقوب عليهم كما رفع بقية السنين التي دعا بها رسول الله صلي الله عليه وسلم على أهل مكة حين قال اللهم أعني عليهم بسبع كسبع يوسف ثم لما تضرعوا إليه واستشفعوا لديه وأرسلوا أبا سفيان في ذلك فدعا لهم فرفع عنهم بقية ذلك ببركة دعائه عليه السلام وقوله " أوى إليه أبويه " قال السدي وعبد الرحمن بن زيد بن أسلم إنما كان أبوه وخالته وكانت أمه قد ماتت قديما وقال محمد بن إسحاق وابن جرير كان أبوه وأمه يعيشان قال ابن جرير ولم يقم دليل على موت أمه وظاهر القرآن يدل على حياتها وهذا الذي نصره هو المنصور الذي يدل عليه السياق.

ولكن الأمر لم ينته عند هذا الحد ، فقد كانت هناك مفاجآت وبشارات أخرى تحققت معها رؤيا يوسف وهو صغير ، كما تحقق معها تأويل يعقوب لها فقد هاجر يعقوب ببنيه وأهله إلى مصر للقاء ابنه يوسف ، وهناك اجتمع شملهم واستمع إلى القرآن الكريم وهو يحكى ذلك فى نهاية القصة فيقول :( فَلَمَّا دَخَلُواْ على يُوسُفَ . . . ) .وقوله - سبحانه - ( فَلَمَّا دَخَلُواْ على يُوسُفَ آوى إِلَيْهِ أَبَوَيْهِ . . . ) معطوف على كلام محذوف والتقدير :استجاب إخوة يوسف لقوله لهم : ( اذهبوا بِقَمِيصِي هذا فَأَلْقُوهُ على وَجْهِ أَبِي يَأْتِ بَصِيراً وَأْتُونِي بِأَهْلِكُمْ أَجْمَعِينَ ) فأتوا بأهلهم أجمعين ، حيث رحلوا جميعاً من بلادهم إلى مصر ومعهم أبوهم ، فلما وصلوا إليها ودخلوا على يوسف ، ضم إليه أبويه وعانقهما عناقاً حاراًَ .وقال للجميع ( دَخَلُواْ ) بلاد ( مِصْرَ إِن شَآءَ الله آمِنِينَ ) من الجوع والخوف .وقد ذكر المفسرون هنا كلاماً يدل على أن يوسف - عليه السلام - وحاشيته ووجهاء مصر ، عندما بلغهم قدوم يعقوب بأسرته إلى مصر ، خرجوا جميعاً لاستقبالهم كما ذكروا أن المراد بأبويه : أبوه وخالته ، لأن أمه ماتت وهو صغير .إلا أن ابن كثير قال : " قال محمد بن إسحاق وابن جرير : كان أبوه وأمه يعيشان ، وأنه لم يقم دليل على موت أمه ، وظاهر القرآن يدل على حياتها " .ثم قال : " وهذا الذى ذكره ابن جرير ، هو الذى يدل عليه السياق " .والمراد بدخول مصر : الاستقرار بها ، والسكن فى ربوعها .قالوا : وكان عدد أفراد أسرة يعقوب الذين حضروا معه ليقيموا فى مصر ما بين الثمانين والتسعين .

القول في تأويل قوله تعالى : فَلَمَّا دَخَلُوا عَلَى يُوسُفَ آوَى إِلَيْهِ أَبَوَيْهِ وَقَالَ ادْخُلُوا مِصْرَ إِنْ شَاءَ اللَّهُ آمِنِينَ (99)قال أبو جعفر: يقول جل ثناؤه: فلما دخل يعقوب وولده وأهلوهم على يوسف ، (آوَى إِلَيْهِ أَبَوَيْهِ) ، يقول: ضم إليه أبويه (10) فقال لهم: (ادْخُلُوا مِصْرَ إِنْ شَاءَ اللَّهُ آمِنِينَ) .* * *فإن قال قائل: وكيف قال لهم يوسف: (ادْخُلُوا مِصْرَ إِنْ شَاءَ اللَّهُ آمِنِينَ) ، بعد ما دخلوها , وقد أخبر الله عز وجل عنهم أنهم لما دخلوها على يوسف وضَمّ إليه أبويه، قال لهم هذا القول؟قيل: قد اختلف أهل التأويل في ذلك.فقال بعضهم: إن يعقوب إنما دخل على يوسف هو وولده , وآوى يوسف أبويه إليه قبل دخول مصر. قالوا: وذلك أن يوسف تلقَّى أباه تكرمةً له قبل أن يدخل مصر , فآواه إليه , ثم قال له ولمن معه: (ادْخُلُوا مِصْرَ إِنْ شَاءَ اللَّهُ آمِنِينَ) ، بها قبل الدخول .* ذكر من قال ذلك:19877 - حدثنا ابن وكيع , قال: حدثنا عمرو , عن أسباط , عن السدي: فحملوا إليه أهلهم وعيالهم , فلما بلغوا مصر، كلَّم يوسف الملك الذي فوقه , فخرج هو والملوك يتلقَّونهم , فلما بلغوا مصر قال: (ادْخُلُوا مِصْرَ إِنْ شَاءَ اللَّهُ آمِنِينَ) ، (فَلَمَّا دَخَلُوا عَلَى يُوسُفَ آوَى إِلَيْهِ أَبَوَيْهِ).19878 - حدثني الحارث , قال: حدثنا عبد العزيز , قال: حدثنا جعفر بن سليمان , عن فرقد السبخي , قال: لما ألقي القميص على وجهه ارتد بصيرًا , وقال: ( أتوني بأهلكم أجمعين )، فحمل يعقوب وإخوة يوسف، فلما دنا أخبر يوسف أنه قد دنا منه , فخرج يتلقاه. قال: وركب معه أهلُ مصر , وكانوا يعظمونه. فلما دنا أحدهما من صاحبه , وكان يعقوب يمشي وهو يتوكأ على رجل من ولده يقال له يهوذا. قال: فنظر يعقوب إلى الخيل والناس , فقال: يا يهوذا، هذا فرعون مصر؟ قال: لا هذا ابنك! قال: فلما دنا كل واحد منهما من صاحبه , فذهب يوسف يبدؤه بالسلام , فمنع من ذلك , وكان يعقوب أحقّ بذلك منه وأفضل , فقال: السلام عليك يا ذاهب الأحزان عني ، هكذا قال: " يا ذاهب الأحزان عني". (11)19879 - حدثنا القاسم , قال: حدثنا الحسين , قال: قال حجاج: بلغني أن يوسف والملك خرجا في أربعة آلاف يستقبلون يعقوب وبنيه.، قال: وحدثني من سمع جعفر بن سليمان يحكي , عن فرقد السبخي , قال: خرج يوسف يتلقى يعقوب، وركب أهل مصر مع يوسف ، ثم ذكر بقية الحديث , نحو حديث الحارث , عن عبد العزيز.* * *وقال آخرون: بل قوله: ( إن شاء الله ) ، استثناءٌ من قول يعقوب لبنيه: أَسْتَغْفِرُ لَكُمْ رَبِّي . قال: وهو من المؤخر الذي معناه التقديم. قالوا: وإنما معنى الكلام: قال: أستغفر لكم ربي إن شاء الله إنه هو الغفور الرحيم . فلما دخلوا على يوسف آوى إليه أبويه، وقال ادخلوا مصر، ورفع أبويه .* ذكر من قال ذلك:19880 - حدثنا القاسم , قال: حدثنا الحسين , قال: حدثني حجاج , عن ابن جريج: قال سوف أستغفر لكم ربي إن شاء الله آمنين ، وبَيْن ذلك ما بينه من تقديم القرآن.* * *قال أبو جعفر: يعني ابن جريج: " وبين ذلك ما بينه من تقديم القرآن " ، أنه قد دخل بين قوله: ( سوف أستغفر لكم ربي ) ، وبين قوله: ( إن شاء الله ) ، من الكلام ما قد دخل، وموضعه عنده أن يكون عَقِيب قوله: سَوْفَ أَسْتَغْفِرُ لَكُمْ رَبِّي .* * *قال أبو جعفر: والصواب من القول في ذلك عندنا ما قاله السدي, وهو أن يوسف قال ذلك لأبويه ومن معهما من أولادهما وأهاليهم قبل دخولهم مصر حين تلقَّاهم، لأن ذلك في ظاهر التنـزيل كذلك , فلا دلالة تدل على صحة ما قال ابن جريج , ولا وجه لتقديم شيء من كتاب الله عن موضعه أو تأخيره عن مكانه إلا بحجّة واضحةٍ .* * *وقيل: عُنِي بقوله: ( آوى إليه أبويه ) : ، أبوه وخالتُه. وقال الذين قالوا هذا القول: كانت أم يوسف قد ماتت قبلُ، وإنما كانت عند يعقوب يومئذ خالتُه أخت أمه , كان نكحها بعد أمِّه.* ذكر من قال ذلك:19881 - حدثنا ابن وكيع , قال: حدثنا عمرو , عن أسباط , عن السدي: ( فلما دخلوا على يوسف آوى إليه أبويه ) ، قال: أبوه وخالته.* * *وقال آخرون: بل كان أباه وأمه .* ذكر من قال ذلك:19882 - حدثنا ابن حميد , قال: حدثنا سلمة , عن ابن إسحاق: ( فلما دخلوا على يوسف آوى إليه أبويه ) ، قال: أباه وأمه.* * *قال أبو جعفر: وأولى القولين في ذلك بالصواب ما قاله ابن إسحاق ; لأن ذلك هو الأغلب في استعمال الناس والمتعارف بينهم في" أبوين " , إلا أن يصح ما يقال من أنّ أم يوسف كانت قد ماتت قبل ذلك بحُجة يجب التسليم لها , فيسلّم حينئذ لها.* * *وقوله: ( وقال ادخلوا مصر إن شاء الله آمنين ) ، مما كنتم فيه في باديتكم من الجدب والقحط.* * *----------------------الهوامش:(10) انظر تفسير" الإيواء" فيما سلف ص : 169 ، تعليق : 1 ،" والمراجع هناك .(11) يعني أنه قال ذلك معديًا" ذهب" من قولهم" ذهب به ، وأذهبه" ، أي : أزاله كأنه قال : يا مذهب الأحزان عني . وهذا غريب ، يقيد لغرابته ، وانظر إلى دقة الرواية عندنا ، حتى في مثل هذه الأخبار ، ولكن أهل الزيغ يريدون أن يعبثوا بهذه الدلائل الواضحة ، ليقع الناس في الشك في أخبار نبيهم ، وفي رواية رواتهم ، والله من ورائهم محيط .

فذلك قوله تعالى : ( فلما دخلوا على يوسف آوى إليه ) أي : ضم إليه ( أبويه ) قال أكثر المفسرين : هو أبوه وخالته ليا وكانت أمه راحيل قد ماتت في نفاس بنيامين .وقال الحسن : هو أبوه وأمه ، وكانت حية .وفي بعض التفاسير أن الله عز وجل أحيا أمه حتى جاءت مع يعقوب إلى مصر .( وقال ادخلوا مصر إن شاء الله آمنين ) فإن قيل : فقد قال فلما دخلوا على يوسف آوى إليه أبويه فكيف قال ادخلوا مصر [ إن شاء الله آمنين ] بعدما أخبر أنهم دخلوها وما وجه هذا الاستثناء وقد حصل الدخولقيل : إن يوسف إنما قال لهم هذا القول حين تلقاهم قبل دخولهم مصر . وفي الآية تقديم وتأخير ، والاستثناء يرجع إلى الاستغفار وهو من قول يعقوب لبنيه سوف أستغفر لكم ربي إن شاء الله .وقيل : الاستثناء يرجع إلى الأمن من الجواز لأنهم كانوا لا يدخلون مصر قبله إلا بجواز من ملوكهم ، يقول : آمنين [ من الجواز إن شاء الله تعالى ، كما قال : ( لتدخلن المسجد الحرام إن شاء الله آمنين ) ( الفتح - 27 ) ] .وقيل : " إن " ها هنا بمعنى إذ ، يريد : إذ شاء الله ، كقوله تعالى : ( وأنتم الأعلون إن كنتم مؤمنين ) ( آل عمران - 139 ) . أي : إذ كنتم مؤمنين .

طوى ذكر سفرهم من بلادهم إلى دخولهم على يوسف عليه السلام إذ ليس فيه من العبر شيء .وأبواه أحدهما يعقوب عليه السلام وأما الآخر فالصحيح أن أم يوسف عليه السلام وهي ( راحيل ) توفيت قبل ذلك حين ولدت بنيامين ، ولذلك قال جمهور المفسّرين : أطلق الأبوان على الأب زوج الأب وهي ( ليئة ) خالة يوسف عليه السلام وهي التي تولت تربيته على طريقة التغليب والتنزيل .وإعادة اسم يوسف عليه السلام لأجل بعد المعاد .وقوله : { ادخلوا مصر إن شاء الله آمنين } جملة دعائية بقرينة قوله : { إن شاء الله } لكونهم قد دخلوا مصر حينئذٍ . فالأمر في { ادخلوا } للدعاء كالذي في قوله تعالى : { ادخلوا الجنة لا خوف عليكم } [ الأعراف : 49 ].والمقصود : { تقييد الدخول بآمنين } وهو مناط الدعاء .والأمنُ : حالة اطمئنان النفس وراحة البال وانتفاء الخوف من كل ما يخاف منه ، وهو يجمع جميع الأحوال الصالحة للإنسان من الصحة والرزق ونحو ذلك . ولذلك قالوا في دعوة إبراهيم عليه السلام { ربّ اجعل هذا البلد آمناً } إنه جمع في هذه الجملة جميع ما يطلب لخير البلد .وجملة { إن شاء الله } تأدب مع الله كالاحتراس في الدعاء الوارد بصيغة الأمر وهو لمجرد التيمّن ، فوقوعه في الوعد والعزم والدعاءِ بمنزلة وقوع التسمية في أول الكلام وليس هو من الاستثناء الوارد النهي عنه في الحديث : أن لا يقول اغفر لي إن شئت ، فإنه لا مُكره له لأن ذلك في الدعاء المخاطب به الله صراحة . وجملة { إن شاء الله } معترضة بين جملة { ادخلوا } والحال من ضميرها .

أي: { فَلَمَّا } تجهز يعقوب وأولاده وأهلهم أجمعون، وارتحلوا من بلادهم قاصدين الوصول إلى يوسف في مصر وسكناها، فلما وصلوا إليه، و { دَخَلُوا عَلَى يُوسُفَ آوَى إِلَيْهِ أَبَوَيْهِ } أي: ضمهما إليه، واختصهما بقربه، وأبدى لهما من البر والإكرام والتبجيل والإعظام شيئا عظيما، { وَقَالَ } لجميع أهله: { ادْخُلُوا مِصْرَ إِنْ شَاءَ اللَّهُ آمِنِينَ } من جميع المكاره والمخاوف، فدخلوا في هذه الحال السارة، وزال عنهم النصب ونكد المعيشة، وحصل السرور والبهجة.

قوله تعالى : فلما دخلوا على يوسف أي قصرا كان له هناك .آوى إليه أبويه قيل : إن يوسف بعث مع البشير مائتي راحلة وجهازا ، وسأل يعقوب أن يأتيه بأهله وولده جميعا ; فلما دخلوا عليه آوى إليه أبويه ، أي ضم ; ويعني بأبويه أباه وخالته ، وكانت أمه قد [ ص: 230 ] ماتت في ولادة أخيه بنيامين وقيل : أحيا الله له أمه تحقيقا للرؤيا حتى سجدت له ، قاله الحسن ; وقد تقدم في " البقرة " أن الله تعالى أحيا لنبيه - عليه السلام - أباه وأمه فآمنا به .قوله تعالى : ادخلوا مصر إن شاء الله آمنين قال ابن جريج : أي سوف أستغفر لكم ربي إن شاء الله ; قال : وهذا من تقديم القرآن وتأخيره ; قال النحاس : يذهب ابن جريج إلى أنهم قد دخلوا مصر فكيف يقول : ادخلوا مصر إن شاء الله . وقيل : إنما قال : إن شاء الله تبركا وجزما . آمنين من القحط ، أو من فرعون ; وكانوا لا يدخلونها إلا بجوازه .

Here the ‘couch’ does not mean a royal throne but the seat where Joseph used to sit and discharge the duties of his post; here prostration (sajdah) does not mean lying face down in the usual sense but bowing down and kneeling (ruku‘). This form of obeisance to a great man was prevalent in ancient times.

About what has been said in the next verse: فَلَمَّا دَخَلُوا عَلَيْهِ (Later, when they came to Yusuf ... - 88), it appears in some narrations that Sayyidna Yusuf (علیہ السلام) had sent with his brothers this time a large supply of clothes and other articles of need all loaded on some two hundred camels, so that the whole family could make good preparations in anticipation of their visit to Egypt. Thus, all set for the trip, when Sayyidna Ya` qub (علیہ السلام) and his entire family set out for Egypt, their number, according to one narration, was seventy two and, according to the other, it was comprised of ninety three men and women. On the other side, when came the time for their arrival in Egypt, Sayyidna Yusuf (علیہ السلام) and the people of Egypt came out of the city to receive them. With them came four thousand soldiers to present a guard of honour. When these guests reached Egypt and entered the home of Sayyidna Yusuf (علیہ السلام) he lodged his parents with him. Here, the text refers to ` parents.' - though, the mother of Sayyidna Yusuf (علیہ السلام) had died during his childhood, but after her death, Sayyidna Ya` qub (علیہ السلام) had married Layya, the sister of his late wife. She was, in her capacity as the maternal aunt of Sayyidna Yusuf (علیہ السلام) ، almost like his own mother, and also as the married wife of his father, was deserv-ing of being called as nothing but his mother. . This interpretation is according to the riwayah where it has been said that the mother of Sayyidna Yusuf (علیہ السلام) had died at the time of Benyamin's birth. It is on this basis that the present text of the respected author, may the mercy of Allah be upon him, appears to be contradictory to the relevant text on page 38 of Volume V where the name of Sayyidna Yusuf s mother (علیہا السلام) has been given as Rabil. But, in reality, there is no authentic riway.ah in this connection. Isra'ili riwayat do exist, but they too are contradictory. The author of Ruh al-Ma` ni has himself said that the Jewish chroniclers do not subscribe to the view that the mother of Sayyidna Yusuf (علیہا السلام) had died at the time of Benyamin's birth. If this riwayah is given credence, no doubt remains. Then, in this situation, by the words: وَرَ‌فَعَ أَبَوَيْهِ (And he raised his parents up on the throne - 100), the reference would be to the real mother of Sayyidna Yusuf ill . Ibn Jarir and Ibn Kathir have opted for this as the weightier view. So, commenting on this, Ibn Kathir has said: قال ابن جریر ولم یقم دلیل علی موت امہ (ای ام یوسف علیہ السلام) وظایر القرآن یدل علی حیا تھا - Muhammad Taqi Usmani. At the end of verse 99, the statement: وَقَالَ ادْخُلُوا مِصْرَ‌ إِن شَاءَ اللَّـهُ آمِنِينَ (he said, 'Enter Egypt, God willing, in peace' ) means that Sayyidna Yusuf (علیہ السلام) asked all his family members to enter Egypt by the will of Allah and without any fear or restriction, the sense being that they were free from usual restrictions placed on travellers who enter another country.

(And when they came in before Joseph, he took his parents unto him) he joined to him his father and stepmother, for his own mother was dead by then, (and said: Come into) dwell in (Egypt safe) from the enemies and from hunger, (if Allah will!) if Allah wills, you stay in Egypt safe from your enemies and hunger.