The Bee — Verse 87

Homes, Furnishings and Clothing are also Blessings from Allah Allah mentions His great blessings for His servant in that He has given them homes to dwell in and protect themselves with, in which they find all kinds of benefits. He has also given them homes from the hides of cattle, i.e., leather, which are light and easy to carry on journeys and can be erected wherever they stop, whether they are traveling or are settled. Thus Allah says: تَسْتَخِفُّونَهَا يَوْمَ ظَعْنِكُمْ وَيَوْمَ إِقَـمَتِكُمْ (which you find so light when you travel and when you camp;) وَمِنْ أَصْوَافِهَا وَأَوْبَارِهَا وَأَشْعَارِهَآ (out of their wool, fur and hair) refers to sheep, camels and goats respectively. أَثَـثاً (furnishings) meaning what you take from them, i.e., wealth. It was also said that it means articles of convenience, or clothing. The correct view is more general in meaning than this; it means that you make carpets, clothing and other things from their wool, hair etc., which you use as wealth and for trade. Ibn `Abbas said: `Al-Athath means articles of convenience and comfort." This was also the view of Mujahid, `Ikrimah, Sa`id bin Jubayr, Al-Hasan, `Atiyah Al-`Awfi, `Ata' Al-Khurasani, Ad-Dahhak and Qatadah. The phrase, إِلَى حِينٍ (for a while) means, until the appointed time. Shade, Places of Refuge in the Mountains, Garments and Coats of Mail are also Blessings from Allah وَاللَّهُ جَعَلَ لَكُمْ مِّمَّا خَلَقَ ظِلَـلاً (And Allah has made shade for you out of that which He has created,) Qatadah said: "This means trees." وَجَعَلَ لَكُمْ مِّنَ الْجِبَالِ أَكْنَـناً (and He has made places of refuge in the mountains for you,) meaning fortresses and strongholds. جَعَلَ لَكُمُسَرَابِيلَ تَقِيكُمُ الْحَرَّ (and He has made garments for you to protect you from the heat,) meaning clothing of cotton, linen and wool. وَسَرَبِيلَ تَقِيكُم بَأْسَكُمْ (and coats of mail to protect you from your violence.) such as shields made of layers of sheet iron, coats of mail and so on. كَذَلِكَ يُتِمُّ نِعْمَتَهُ عَلَيْكُمْ (Thus does He perfect His favor for you,) meaning, thus He gives you what you need to go about your business, so that this will help you to worship and obey Him. لَعَلَّكُمْ تُسْلِمُونَ (that you may submit yourselves to His will). This is interpreted by the majority to mean submitting to Allah or becoming Muslim. All the Messenger has to do is convey the Message فَإِن تَوَلَّوْاْ (Then, if they turn away,) meaning, after this declaration and reminder, do not worry about them. فَإِنَّمَا عَلَيْكَ الْبَلَـغُ الْمُبِينُ (your duty (O Muhammad) is only to convey (the Message) in a clear way), and you have delivered the Message to them. يَعْرِفُونَ نِعْمَتَ اللَّهِ ثُمَّ يُنكِرُونَهَا (They recognize the grace of Allah, yet they deny it) meaning they know that Allah is the One Who grants these blessings to them, and that He is Bountiful towards them, but they still deny this by worshipping others besides Him and thinking that their help and provisions come from others besides Him. وَأَكْثَرُهُمُ الْكَـفِرُونَ (and most of them are disbelievers.) وَيَوْمَ نَبْعَثُ مِن كُلِّ أُمَّةٍ شَهِيدًا ثُمَّ لاَ يُؤْذَنُ لِلَّذِينَ كَفَرُواْ وَلاَ هُمْ يُسْتَعْتَبُونَ وَإِذَا رَأى الَّذِينَ ظَلَمُواْ الْعَذَابَ فَلاَ يُخَفَّفُ عَنْهُمْ وَلاَ هُمْ يُنظَرُونَ- وَإِذَا رَءا الَّذِينَ أَشْرَكُواْ شُرَكَآءهُمْ قَالُواْ رَبَّنَا هَـؤُلآء شُرَكَآؤُنَا الَّذِينَ كُنَّا نَدْعُوْا مِن دُونِكَ فَألْقَوْا إِلَيْهِمُ الْقَوْلَ إِنَّكُمْ لَكَـذِبُونَ- وَأَلْقَوْاْ إِلَى اللَّهِ يَوْمَئِذٍ السَّلَمَ وَضَلَّ عَنْهُم مَّا كَانُواْ يَفْتَرُونَ-

And they will offer submission to God on that day that is they will have surrendered to His judgement and that which they used to invent in the way of claiming that their gods intercede for them will fail forsake them.

And on that day they will offer to God submission, and obedience. Their denial has already been mentioned, as in where He says: the day when God will raise them all together, whereupon they will swear to Him just as they swear to you [now] [Q. 58:18]. That is according to the halting place [at the Resurrection]. The denial at that first halting is at the moment of the potency of the configurations of vice and the intensity of the unyieldingness of the soul in its devilishness and at its utmost remoteness from the divine light because of its being veiled with thick veils and dark coverings such that he is not even aware that he is inspecting and contemplating it, and [it is at the moment of] the extreme sulliedness of the light of preparedness such that he is even able to manifest the opposite of what it [that preparedness] entails. Submission at the second halting place takes place after the passage of several ages of the hours of that Day, 'whose span is fifty thousand years' [cf. Q. 70:4], when the configurations have dissipated and the natural inclination of the soul to vices has thinned and weakened, and [when] he has drawn close to the world of light because of the thinness of the veils and the flashing of the light of his first primordial nature, whereupon he will admit [the truth] and yield - that is if the submission and the denial are on the part of individual souls: submission then can be in the case of those in whom the configurations of their vices have not taken deep root, their veils have not become thick and the light of their preparedness has not been extinguished; while denial is in the case of those in whom the configurations have taken deep roots and have become potent, so that devilishness has overcome them and established itself [in them], their veil being dense and their preparedness having failed. But God knows best;

And on that day they will offer to God submission, and obedience. Their denial has already been mentioned, as in where He says: the day when God will raise them all together, whereupon they will swear to Him just as they swear to you [now] [Q. 58:18]. That is according to the halting place [at the Resurrection]. The denial at that first halting is at the moment of the potency of the configurations of vice and the intensity of the unyieldingness of the soul in its devilishness and at its utmost remoteness from the divine light because of its being veiled with thick veils and dark coverings such that he is not even aware that he is inspecting and contemplating it, and [it is at the moment of] the extreme sulliedness of the light of preparedness such that he is even able to manifest the opposite of what it [that preparedness] entails. Submission at the second halting place takes place after the passage of several ages of the hours of that Day, 'whose span is fifty thousand years' [cf. Q. 70:4], when the configurations have dissipated and the natural inclination of the soul to vices has thinned and weakened, and [when] he has drawn close to the world of light because of the thinness of the veils and the flashing of the light of his first primordial nature, whereupon he will admit [the truth] and yield - that is if the submission and the denial are on the part of individual souls: submission then can be in the case of those in whom the configurations of their vices have not taken deep root, their veils have not become thick and the light of their preparedness has not been extinguished; while denial is in the case of those in whom the configurations have taken deep roots and have become potent, so that devilishness has overcome them and established itself [in them], their veil being dense and their preparedness having failed. But God knows best;

وأظهر المشركون الاستسلام والخضوع لله يوم القيامة، وغاب عنهم ما كانوا يختلقونه من الأكاذيب، وأن آلهتهم تشفع لهم.

وقوله "وألقوا إلى الله يومئذ السلم" قال قتادة وعكرمة ذلوا واستسلموا يومئذ أي استسلموا لله جميعهم فلا أحد إلا سامع مطيع وكقوله تعالى "أسمع بهم وأبصر يوم يأتوننا" أي ما أسمعهم وما أبصرهم يومئذ وقال" ولو ترى إذ المجرمون ناكسوا رءوسهم عند ربهم ربنا أبصرنا وسمعنا" الآية. وقال "وعنت الوجوه للحي القيوم" أي خضعت وذلت واستكانت وأنابت واستسلمت وقوله "وألقوا إلى الله يومئذ السلم وضل عنهم ما كانوا يفترون" أي ذهب واضمحل ما كانوا يعبدونه افتراء على الله فلا ناصر لهم ولا معين ولا مجيز.

ولذا وجدنا المشركين يعجزون عن الرد على شركائهم ، بدليل قوله - تعالى - بعد ذلك : ( وَأَلْقَوْاْ إلى الله يَوْمَئِذٍ السلم وَضَلَّ عَنْهُم مَّا كَانُواْ يَفْتَرُونَ ) .أى : وألقى المشركون يوم القيامة ( السلم ) أى : الاستسلام والخضوع والانقياد ، لقضاء الله - تعالى - العادل فيهم ، وغاب وذهب عنهم ما كانوا يفترونه ويزعمونه فى الدنيا من أن آلهتهم ستشفع لهم ، أو ستنفعهم يوم القيامة .وقيل : إن الضمير فى قوله - تعالى - ( وألقوا ) يعود على المشركين وشركائهم . أى . استسلم العابدون والمعبدون وانقادوا لحكم الله الواحد القهار فيهم .

يقول تعالى ذكره: وألقى المشركون إلى الله يومئذ السلم يقول: استسلموا يومئذ وذَلُّوا لحكمه فيهم، ولم تغن عنهم آلهتهم التي كانوا يدعون في الدنيا من دون الله، وتبرأت منهم، ولا قومهم، ولا عشائرهُم الذين كانوا في الدنيا يدافعون عنهم ، والعرب تقول: ألقيت إليه كذا تعني بذلك قلت له . وقوله ( وَضَلَّ عَنْهُمْ مَا كَانُوا يَفْتَرُونَ ) يقول: وأخطأهم من آلهتهم ما كانوا يأملون من الشفاعة عند الله بالنجاة.وبنحو الذي قلنا في ذلك ، قال أهل التأويل.* ذكر من قال ذلك:حدثنا بشر، قال: ثنا يزيد، قال: ثنا سعيد، عن قتادة، قوله ( وَأَلْقَوْا إِلَى اللَّهِ يَوْمَئِذٍ السَّلَمَ ) يقول: ذلوا واستسلموا يومئذ ( وَضَلَّ عَنْهُمْ مَا كَانُوا يَفْتَرُونَ ) .--------------------------------------------------------------------------------الهوامش:(1) البيت لمحمد بن نمير الثقفي، وكان يشبب بزينب أخت الحجاج بن يوسف الثقفي فتوعده، فهرب منه (خبره في الكامل للمبرد 289) والبيت من كلمة له (الكامل 376)، وفي (اللسان: رأي) قال. قال: الفراء الرئي: المنظر وأهل المدينة يقرءون الآية (وريا) بغير همز. قال: وهو وجه جيد من رأيت، لأنه من آيات لسن مهموزات الأواخر. وقال الجوهري: من همزه جعله من المنظر من رأيت، وهو: ما رأته العين من حال حسنة، وكسوة ظاهرة. وأنشد أبو عبيد لمحمد بن نمير الثقفي:أشــاقتك الظعــائن يــوم بـانوابـذي الـرئى الجـميل مـن الأثـاثومن لم يهمزه: إما أن يكون على تخفيف الهمزة، أو يكون من رويت ألوانهم وجلودهم، أي امتلأت وحسنت. وأثاثا: أي متاعا. قاله أبو عبيدة في مجاز القرآن (1: 365).(2) البيت من شواهد الفراء في معاني القرآن (ص 176) قال: وقوله (سرابيل تقيكم الحر) ولم يقل "والبرد" فترك، لأن معناه معلوم، والله أعلم، كقول الشاعر: "وما أدري ... الخ البيت". يريد أن الخير والشر يليني، لأنه إذا أراد الخير، فهو يتقي الشر أ ه. وقد أفصح الشاعر في البيت الذي بعده عن مراده، وهو موافق لما قالوا:أَأَلْخَـــيْرُ الَّــذِي أنــا أبْتَغِيــهِأمِ الشَّــرُّ الَّــذِي هُــوَ يَبْتَغِينـي?والبيتان: لسحيم بن وثيل الرياحي، من قصيدة مطلعها:أفــاطِمَ قَبْــلَ بَيْنِــكِ مَتَّعِينــيومَنْعُــكِ مـا سـألْتِ كـأنْ تَبِينـي(3) قال في اللسان: في حديث أم زرع: وأراح على نعما ثريا: أي أعطاني. قال: والترويح: كالإراحة.

( وألقوا ) يعني المشركين ( إلى الله يومئذ السلم ) استسلموا وانقادوا لحكمه فيهم ، ولم تغن عنهم آلهتهم شيئا ، ( وضل ) وزال ، ( عنهم ما كانوا يفترون ) من أنها تشفع لهم .

وأعيد فعل { ألقَوا } في قوله : { وألقوا إلى الله يومئذٍ السلم } لاختلاف فاعل الإلقاء ، فضمير القول الثاني عائد إلى { الذين أشركوا }.ولك أن تجعل فعل { ألقوا } الثاني مماثلاً لفعل «ألقوا» السابق . ولك أن تجعل الإلقاء تمثيلاً لحالهم بحال المحارب إذا غُلب إذ يلقي سلاحه بين يدي غالبه ، ففي قوله : { ألقوا } مكنية تمثيلية مع ما في لفظ { ألقوا } من المشاكلة .و { السلم } بفتح اللام : الاستسلام ، أي الطاعة وترك العناد .{ وضل عنهم ما كانوا يفترون } أي غاب عنهم وزايلهم ما كانوا يفترونه في الدنيا من الاختلافات للأصنام من أنها تسمع لهم ونحو ذلك .

فحينئذ استسلموا لله، وخضعوا لحكمه وعلموا إنهم مستحقون للعذاب.{ وَضَلَّ عَنْهُمْ مَا كَانُوا يَفْتَرُونَ } فدخلوا النار وقد امتلأت قلوبهم من مقت أنفسهم ومن حمد ربهم وأنه لم يعاقبهم إلا بما كسبوا.

وألقوا إلى الله يومئذ السلم يعني المشركين ، أي استسلموا لعذابه وخضعوا لعزه . وقيل : استسلم العابد والمعبود وانقادوا لحكمه فيهم .وضل عنهم ما كانوا يفترون أي زال عنهم ما زين لهم الشيطان وما كانوا يؤملون من شفاعة آلهتهم .

On Judgement Day this fact will finally be clear that nobody in this universe has any power except the One and Only God. At that time, when the worshippers of false gods see the gods whom they worshipped, they will make excuses to try to prove their innocence. In other words, they will represent these false gods as having deceived them and made them worship non-gods. But the false gods will immediately contradict this and will say, ‘This was your own arrogance. In order to avoid obedience to God, you yourself devised false gods and in their names you “proved” your self-loving religion to be legitimate.’ There are some who do not accept the call of Truth, and there are others who, further to this, try by various methods to prevent others from doing so. The first type of behaviour results from being misguided, while the second type is that of deliberate misguidance. The punishment given to misguided people will be doubled in the case of those who knowingly misguided others.

Finally, a note about the statement: سَرَ‌ابِيلَ تَقِيكُمُ الْحَرَّ‌ (shirts which protect you from heat - 81). Here, protection from heat has been identified as the purpose of a shirt - though, a shirt protects one from heat and cold both. This has been answered by Imam Al-Qurtubi and other commentators by saying that the Holy Qur’ an has been revealed in the Arabic language, its first addressees are Arabs, therefore, it speaks by taking Arab habits and needs into account. Arabia is a hot country where the very thought of snow and winter chill is far-fetched, therefore, the statement was left with the mention of protection from heat as being sufficient. Yet another explanation for this has been given by Maulana Ashraf Ali Thanavi in Bayan al-Qur’ an by saying that in the beginning of this Surah, the Qur’ an had already said: لَكُمْ فِيهَا دِفْءٌ (and for you, there is provision against cold in them - 16:5). Thus, it was in view of this earlier mention of beating cold and having warmth that only protection from heat has been mentioned here.

(And they proffer unto Allah submission on that day) both the worshipper and that which he worshipped in this worldly life will surrender to Allah, Exalted is He, (and all that they used to invent hath failed them) their lies about Allah will go in vain; it is also said that this means: the idols which they falsely worshipped will be occupied with themselves.