The Family of Imran, The House of Imran — Verse 56

Meaning of `Take You Allah said, إِنِّي مُتَوَفِّيكَ وَرَافِعُكَ إِلَىَّ (I will take you and raise you to Myself) while you are asleep. Allah said in a similar Ayat, وَهُوَ الَّذِى يَتَوَفَّـكُم بِالَّيْلِ (It is He Who takes your souls by night (when you are asleep).) 6:60, and, اللَّهُ يَتَوَفَّى الاٌّنفُسَ حِينَ مِوْتِـهَا وَالَّتِى لَمْ تَمُتْ فِى مَنَامِـهَا (It is Allah Who takes away the souls at the time of their death, and those that die not during their sleep.) 39:42. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ used to recite the following words when he would awaken; «الْحَمْدُ للهِ الَّذِي أَحْيَانَا بَعْدَ مَا أَمَاتَنَا، وَإِلَيْهِ النُّشُور» (All the thanks are due to Allah Who brought us back to life after He had caused us to die (sleep), and the Return is to Him). Allah said, وَبِكُفْرِهِمْ وَقَوْلِهِمْ عَلَى مَرْيَمَ بُهْتَـناً عَظِيماً وَقَوْلِهِمْ إِنَّا قَتَلْنَا الْمَسِيحَ عِيسَى ابْنَ مَرْيَمَ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ وَمَا قَتَلُوهُ وَمَا صَلَبُوهُ وَلَـكِن شُبِّهَ لَهُمْ (And because of their disbelief and allegations against Maryam and because of their saying "We killed Al-Masih `Isa, son of Maryam, the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, ـ but they killed him not, nor crucified him, but it appeared that way to them) until, وَقَوْلِهِمْ إِنَّا قَتَلْنَا الْمَسِيحَ عِيسَى ابْنَ مَرْيَمَ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ وَمَا قَتَلُوهُ وَمَا صَلَبُوهُ وَلَـكِن شُبِّهَ لَهُمْ وَإِنَّ الَّذِينَ اخْتَلَفُواْ فِيهِ لَفِى شَكٍّ مِّنْهُ مَا لَهُمْ بِهِ مِنْ عِلْمٍ إِلاَّ اتِّبَاعَ الظَّنِّ وَمَا قَتَلُوهُ يَقِيناً - بَل رَّفَعَهُ اللَّهُ إِلَيْهِ وَكَانَ اللَّهُ عَزِيزاً حَكِيماً وَإِن مِّنْ أَهْلِ الْكِتَـبِ إِلاَّ لَيُؤْمِنَنَّ بِهِ قَبْلَ مَوْتِهِ وَيَوْمَ الْقِيَـمَةِ يَكُونُ عَلَيْهِمْ شَهِيداً (For surely; they killed him not But Allah raised him up unto Himself. And Allah is Ever All-Powerful, All-Wise. And there is none of the people of the Scripture (Jews and Christians) but must believe in him before his death. And on the Day of Resurrection, he `Isa will be a witness against them.) 4:156-159 `His death' refers to `Isa, and the Ayah means that the People of the Book will believe in `Isa, before `Isa dies. This will occur when `Isa comes back to this world before the Day of Resurrection, as we will explain. By that time, all the People of the Book will believe in `Isa, for he will annul the Jizyah and he will only accept Islam from people. Ibn Abi Hatim recorded that Al-Hasan said that Allah's statement, إِنِّي مُتَوَفِّيكَ (I will take you) is in reference to sleep, for Allah raised `Isa while he was asleep. Altering the Religion of `Isa Allah said, وَمُطَهِّرُكَ مِنَ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُواْ (And purify save you from those who disbelieve) by raising you to heaven, وَجَاعِلُ الَّذِينَ اتَّبَعُوكَ فَوْقَ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُواْ إِلَى يَوْمِ الْقِيَـمَةِ (And I will make those who follow you superior to those who disbelieve, till the Day of Resurrection) This is what happened. When Allah raised `Isa to heaven, his followers divided into sects and groups. Some of them believed in what Allah sent `Isa as, a servant of Allah, His Messenger, and the son of His female-servant. However, some of them went to the extreme over `Isa, believing that he was the son of Allah. Some of them said that `Isa was Allah Himself, while others said that he was one of a Trinity. Allah mentioned these false creeds in the Qur'an and refuted them. The Christians remained like this until the third century CE, when a Greek king called, Constantine, became a Christian for the purpose of destroying Christianity. Constantine was either a philosopher, or he was just plain ignorant. Constantine changed the religion of `Isa by adding to it and deleting from it. He established the rituals of Christianity and the so-called Great Trust, which is in fact the Great Treachery. He also allowed them to eat the meat of swine, changed the direction of the prayer that `Isa established to the east, built churches for `Isa, and added ten days to the fast as compensation for a sin that he committed, as claimed. So the religion of `Isa became the religion of Constantine, who built more then twelve thousand churches, temples and monasteries for the Christians as well as the city that bears his name, Constantinople (Istanbul). Throughout this time, the Christians had the upper hand and dominated the Jews. Allah aided them against the Jews because they used to be closer to the truth than the Jews, even though both groups were and still are disbelievers, may Allah's curse descend on them. When Allah sent Muhammad , those who believed in him also believed in Allah, His Angels, Books and Messengers in the correct manner. So they were the true followers of every Prophet who came to earth. They believed in the unlettered Prophet , the Final Messenger and the master of all mankind, who called them to believe in the truth in its entirety. This is why they had more right to every Prophet than his own nation, especially those who claim to follow their Prophet's way and religion, yet change and alter his religion. Furthermore, Allah abrogated all the laws that were sent down to the Prophets with the Law He sent Muhammad with, which consists of the true religion that shall never change or be altered until the commencement of the Last Hour. Muhammad's religion shall always be dominant and victorious over all other religions. This is why Allah allowed Muslims to conquer the eastern and western parts of the world and the kingdoms of the earth. Furthermore, all countries submitted to them; they demolished Kisra (king of Persia) and destroyed the Czar, ridding them of their treasures and spending these treasures for Allah's sake. All this occurred just as their Prophet told them it would, when he conveyed Allah's statement, وَعَدَ اللَّهُ الَّذِينَ ءامَنُواْ مِنْكُمْ وَعَمِلُواْ الصَّـلِحَاتِ لَيَسْتَخْلِفَنَّهُمْ فِى الاْرْضِ كَمَا اسْتَخْلَفَ الَّذِينَ مِن قَبْلِهِمْ وَلَيُمَكّنَنَّ لَهُمْ دِينَهُمُ الَّذِى ارْتَضَى لَهُمْ وَلَيُبَدّلَنَّهُمْ مّن بَعْدِ خَوْفِهِمْ أَمْناً يَعْبُدُونَنِى لاَ يُشْرِكُونَ بِى شَيْئاً (Allah has promised those among you who believe and do righteous good deeds, that He will certainly grant them succession in the land, as He granted it to those before them, and that He will grant them the authority to practice their religion which He has chosen for them. And He will surely give them in exchange a safe security after their fear (provided) they worship Me and do not associate anything with Me.) 24:55. Therefore, Muslims are the true believers in `Isa. The Muslims then acquired Ash-Sham from the Christians, causing them to evacuate to Asia Minor, to their fortified city in Constantinople. The Muslims will be above them until the Day of Resurrection. Indeed, he, Muhammad , who is truthful and who received the true news, has conveyed to Muslims that they will conquer Constantinople in the future, and seize its treasures. Threatening the Disbelievers with Torment in This Life and the Hereafter Allah said, إِذْ قَالَ اللَّهُ يعِيسَى إِنِّي مُتَوَفِّيكَ وَرَافِعُكَ إِلَىَّ وَمُطَهِّرُكَ مِنَ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُواْ وَجَاعِلُ الَّذِينَ اتَّبَعُوكَ فَوْقَ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُواْ إِلَى يَوْمِ الْقِيَـمَةِ ثُمَّ إِلَيَّ مَرْجِعُكُمْ فَأَحْكُمُ بَيْنَكُمْ فِيمَا كُنتُمْ فِيهِ تَخْتَلِفُونَ - فَأَمَّا الَّذِينَ كَفَرُواْ فَأُعَذِّبُهُمْ عَذَاباً شَدِيداً فِي الدُّنْيَا وَالاٌّخِرَةِ وَمَا لَهُمْ مِّن نَّـصِرِينَ (And I will make those who follow you superior to those who disbelieve till the Day of Resurrection. Then you will return to Me and I will judge between you in the matters in which you used to dispute. As to those who disbelieve, I will punish them with a severe torment in this world and in the Hereafter, and they will have no helpers.) This is what Allah did to the Jews who disbelieved in `Isa and the Christians who went to the extreme over him. Allah tormented them in this life; they were killed, captured, and lost their wealth and kingdoms. Their torment in the Hereafter is even worse and more severe, وَمَا لَهُم مِّنَ اللَّهِ مِن وَاقٍ (And they have no Waq (defender or protector) against Allah) 13:34. وَأَمَّا الَّذِينَ ءَامَنُوا وَعَمِلُواْ الصَّـلِحَاتِ فَيُوَفِّيهِمْ أُجُورَهُمْ (And as for those who believe and do righteous good deeds, Allah will pay them their reward in full) in this life, with victory and domination, and in the Hereafter, with Paradise and high grades, وَاللَّهُ لاَ يُحِبُّ الظَّـلِمِينَ (And Allah does not like the wrongdoers.) Allah then said, ذَلِكَ نَتْلُوهُ عَلَيْكَ مِنَ الآيَـتِ وَالذِّكْرِ الْحَكِيمِ (This is what We recite to you of the verses and the Wise Reminder.) meaning, "What We narrated to you, O Muhammd, regarding `Isa, his birth and his life, is what Allah conveyed and revealed to you, sent down from the Al-Lawh Al-Mahfuz (The Preserved Tablet). So there is no doubt in it. Similarly, Allah said in Surah Maryam; ذلِكَ عِيسَى ابْنُ مَرْيَمَ قَوْلَ الْحَقِّ الَّذِى فِيهِ يَمْتُرُونَ - مَا كَانَ للَّهِ أَن يَتَّخِذَ مِن وَلَدٍ سُبْحَـنَهُ إِذَا قَضَى أَمْراً فَإِنَّمَا يَقُولُ لَهُ كُن فَيَكُونُ (Such is `Isa, son of Maryam. (It is) a statement of truth, about which they doubt (or dispute). It befits not Allah that He should beget a son. Glorified be He. When He decrees a thing, He only says to it: "Be!" and it is.)

As for the disbelievers I will chastise them with a terrible chastisement in this world through being killed taken captive and made to pay the jizya and the Hereafter in the Fire; they shall have no helpers none to protect them from it.

As for the disbelievers, I will chastise them with a terrible chastisement, by depriving them of the station of the heart and veiling them in the guises of their deeds.

As for the disbelievers, I will chastise them with a terrible chastisement, by depriving them of the station of the heart and veiling them in the guises of their deeds.

As for the disbelievers I will chastise them with a terrible chastisement in this world and the hereafter; they shall have no helpers. But as for the believers who do deeds of righteousness He will pay them in full their wages. God loves not the evildoers. This We recite to you of verses and wise remembrance. �This We recite to you O Muḥammad to inform you of the meanings of what We have revealed to you. [These meanings do not reach you] through your exertion to attain knowledge nor by your learning from parables nor by your deduction by any sort of reasoning.�

As for the disbelievers I will chastise them with a terrible chastisement in this world and the hereafter; they shall have no helpers. But as for the believers who do deeds of righteousness He will pay them in full their wages. God loves not the evildoers. This We recite to you of verses and wise remembrance. �This We recite to you O Muḥammad to inform you of the meanings of what We have revealed to you. [These meanings do not reach you] through your exertion to attain knowledge nor by your learning from parables nor by your deduction by any sort of reasoning.�

فأمَّا الذين كفروا بالمسيح من اليهود أو غَلَوا فيه من النصارى، فأعذبهم عذابًا شديدًا في الدنيا: بالقتل وسلْبِ الأموال وإزالة الملك، وفي الآخرة بالنار، وما لهم مِن ناصر ينصرهم ويدفع عنهم عذاب الله.

وكذلك فعل بمن كفر بالمسيح من اليهود أو غلا فيه أو أطراه من النصارى عذبهم في الدنيا بالقتل والسبي وأخذ الأموال وإزالة الأيدي عن الممالك وفي الدار الآخرة عذابهم أشد وأشق "وما لهم من الله من واق".

{ فَأَمَّا الذين كَفَرُواْ } بى وبما يجب الإيمان به { فَأُعَذِّبُهُمْ عَذَاباً شَدِيداً فِي الدنيا والآخرة } .أى فأعذبهم عذابا شديداً فى الدنيا بإيقاع العداوة والبغضاء والحروب بينهم ، وبما يشبه ذلك من هزائم وأمراض وشقاء نفس لا يعلم مقدار ألمه إلى الله - تعالى - وأما فى الآخرة فيساقون إلى عذاب النار وبئس القرار .وقد أكد - سبحانه - شدة هذا العذاب بعدة تاكيدات منها نسبة العذاب إليه - سبحانه - وهو القوى القهار الغالب على كل شىء ، ومنها التأكيد بالمصدر ، ومنها الوصف بالشدة ، ومنها الإخبار بأنه لا ناصر لهم ينصرهم من هذا العذاب الشديد فى قوله - تعالى - { وَمَا لَهُمْ مِّن نَّاصِرِينَ } أى ليس لهم من ناصر أياً كان هذا الناصر ، وأيا كانت نصرته ولو كانت نصرة ضئيلة لا وزن لها ولا قيمة .هذا هو جزاء الكافرين وأما جزاء المؤمنين فقد بينه - سبحانه - بقوله :

القول في تأويل قوله : فَأَمَّا الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا فَأُعَذِّبُهُمْ عَذَابًا شَدِيدًا فِي الدُّنْيَا وَالآخِرَةِ وَمَا لَهُمْ مِنْ نَاصِرِينَ (56)قال أبو جعفر: يعني بقوله جل ثناؤه: " فأما الذين كفروا "، فأما الذين جَحدوا نبوّتك يا عيسى، وخالفوا ملتك، وكذّبوا بما جئتهم به من الحق، وقالوا فيك الباطلَ، وأضافوك إلى غير الذي ينبغي أن يُضيفوك إليه، من اليهود والنصارى وسائر أصناف الأديان، فإني أعذبهم عذابًا شديدًا، أما في الدنيا فبالقتل والسباء والذلة والمسكنة، وأما في الآخرة فبنار جهنم خالدين فيها أبدًا =" وما لهم من ناصرين "، يقول: وما لهم من عذاب الله مانعٌ، ولا عن أليم عقابه لهم دافع بقوة ولا شفاعة، لأنه العزيز ذُو الانتقام.

( فأما الذين كفروا فأعذبهم عذابا شديدا في الدنيا ) بالقتل والسبي والجزية والذلة ( والآخرة ) أي وفي الآخرة بالنار ( وما لهم من ناصرين )

وقوله : { فإما الذين كفروا فأعذبهم } إلى قوله { فنوفيهم أجورهم } تفصيل لما أجمل في قوله { فأحكم بينكم فيما كنتم فيه تختلفون } . وقوله { فأعذبهم عذاباً شديداً في الدنيا والأخرة } المقصود من هذا الوعيدِ هو عذاب الآخرة لأنه وقع في حَيز تفصيل الضمائر من قوله : { فأحكم بينكم فيما كنتم فيه تختلفون } وإنما يكون ذلك في الآخرة ، فذُكِر عذاب الدنيا هنا إدماج . فإن كان هذا مما خاطب الله به عيسى فهو مستعمل في صريح معناه ، وإن كان كلاماً من الله في القرآن خوطب به النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم والمسلمونَ ، صح أن يكون مراداً منه أيضاً التعريض بالمشركين في ظلمهم محمداً صلى الله عليه وسلم عن مكابرة منهم وحسد . وتقدم تفسير إسناد المحبة إلى الله عند قوله : قل إن كنتم تحبون الله في هذه السورة .وجملة { وما لهم من ناصرين } تذييل لجملة { أعذّبهم عذاباً شديداً في الدنيا والآخرة } أي ولا يجدون ناصرين ينصرونهم علينا في تعذيبهم الذي قدّره الله تعالى .واعلم أنّ قوله فأعذّبهم عذاباً شديداً في الدنيا والآخرة قضية جزئية لا تقتضي استمرار العذابين :فأما عذاب الدنيا فهو يجري على نظام أحوال الدنيا : من شدة وضعف وعدم استمرار ، فمعنى انتفاء الناصرين لهم منه انتفاءُ الناصرين في المدة التي قدّرها الله لتعذيبهم في الدنيا ، وهذا متفاوت ، وقد وَجَد اليهود ناصرين في بعض الأزمان مثل قصة استير في الماضي وقضية فلسطين في هذا العصر .وأما عذاب الآخرة : فهو مطلق هنا ، ومقيد في آيات كثيرة بالتأييد ، كما قال : { وما هم بخارجين من النار } [ البقرة : 167 ] .وجملة { والله لا يحب الظالمين } تذييل للتفصيل كله فهي تذييل ثاننٍ لجملة { فأعذبهم عذاباً شديداً } بصريح معناها ، أي أعذّبهم لأنهم ظالمون والله لا يحبّ الظالمين وتذييلٌ لجملة { وأما الذين آمنوا وعملوا الصالحات } إلى آخرها ، بكناية معناها؛ لأنّ انتفاء محبة الله الظالمين يستلزم أنه يحبّ الذين آمنوا وعملوا الصالحات فلذلك يعطيهم ثوابهم وافياً .ومعنى كونهم ظالمين أنهم ظلَموا أنفسهم بكفرهم وظلَمَ النصارى الله بأن نقصوه بإثبات ولد له وظلموا عيسى بأن نسبوه ابناً للَّه تعالى ، وظلمه اليهود بتكذيبهم إياه وأذاهم .وعذاب الدنيا هو زوال الملك وضرب الذلة والمسكنة والجزية ، والتشريد في الأقطار ، وكونهم يعيشون تبعاً للناس ، وعذاب الآخرة هو جهنم . ومعنى { وما لهم من ناصرين } أنهم لا يجدون ناصراً يدفع عنهم ذلك وإن حاوله لم يظفَر به .

ثم أخبر عن حكمه بينهم بالقسط والعدل، فقال { فأما الذين كفروا } أي: بالله وآياته ورسله { فأعذبهم عذابا شديدا في الدنيا والآخرة } أما عذاب الدنيا، فهو ما أصابهم الله به من القوارع والعقوبات المشاهدة والقتل والذل، وغير ذلك مما هو نموذج من عذاب الآخرة، وأما عذاب الآخرة فهو الطامة الكبرى والمصيبة العظمى، ألا وهو عذاب النار وغضب الجبار وحرمانهم ثواب الأبرار { وما لهم من ناصرين } ينصرونهم من عذاب الله، لا من زعموا أنهم شفعاء لهم عند الله، ولا ما اتخذوهم أولياء من دونه، ولا أصدقائهم وأقربائهم، ولا أنفسهم ينصرون.

يعني بالقتل والصلب والسبي والجزية , وفي الآخرة بالنار

Jesus Christ was born into the Jewish community, but the Jews did not affirm his prophethood. Instead, they made out a false case against him and took him to the Roman court in Palestine. The court decreed to have him crucified, but God saved him and the Roman soldiers crucified another person who resembled Christ, taking him to be Christ. To punish this crime of the Jews, God decreed that the believers in Jesus Christ, would forever, till Doomsday, have dominion over the Jewish people. This is what was decreed by God for this world. The Hereafter however, is a different matter.

Sequence In the previous verse (56), it was said that Allah will be the final judge and decision-maker in what they used to differ in between them-selves. This verse describes that decision. Commentary Are the sufferings of this world beneficial for the next life? The words "I shall punish them in this world and in the Hereafter" in verse 56 may create a little doubt. Since the statement here relates to the Judgment to be pronounced on the Last Day, how can the statement -'I shall punish them in this world and in the hereafter`- be explained as this world of ours would not exist at that time and even though it exists today, but the Judgment is to be given on the Day of Resurrection? This difficulty can be resolved by turning to an analogy. This saying is similar to the saying of a judge to a culprit -'Right now I am sending you to the jail for a year; if you misbehave there, I shall make it for two years'- which simply means that those two years will be counted from the day the punishment is being awarded. Based on this, it is certain that following any misbehaviour the two-year punishment will become effective. So, given the misconduct, the validity of this whole will regulate itself for one more year as 'add-on'. The same applies here as the punishment in the world has already been given; now the punishment of the Hereafter will be added on and the sum-total will be finally executed on the Last Day, that is, having been punished in the world will not serve as expiation for the punishment of the Hereafter. This is contrary to the condition of believers who, when struck by suffering in the mortal world, have their sins forgiven and find the punishment due in the Hereafter lightened or warded off. For this reason, a hint to this effect has been made in لَا يُحِبُّ الظَّالِمِي and Allah does not like transgressors -v. 57), that is, believers are dear because of their belief and the beloved ones are always treated in such a manner. The disbelievers are detested because of their disbelief and those detested do not receive such treatment. (Bayan a1-Qur'an)

(As for those who disbelieve) in Allah and in His messengers Muhammad and Jesus (I shall chastise them with a heavy chastisement in the world) by exposing them to the sword and the capitation tax (jizyah) (and the Hereafter) by throwing them into the Fire; (and they will have no helpers) to save them from Allah's punishment in this world or in the Hereafter.