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وَٱلَّذِیۤ أَوۡحَیۡنَاۤ إِلَیۡكَ مِنَ ٱلۡكِتَـٰبِ هُوَ ٱلۡحَقُّ مُصَدِّقࣰا لِّمَا بَیۡنَ یَدَیۡهِۗ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ بِعِبَادِهِۦ لَخَبِیرُۢ بَصِیرࣱ ۝٣١
wa-alladhī awḥaynā ilayka mina l-kitābi huwa l-ḥaqu muṣaddiqan limā bayna yadayhi inna l-laha biʿibādihi lakhabīrun baṣīru
The Angels, Originator, The Creator / Fatir (35:31)
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Abdel Haleem

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The Scripture We have revealed to you [Prophet] is the Truth and confirms the scriptures that preceded it. God is well informed about His servants, He sees everything
wa-alladhī awḥaynā ilayka mina l-kitābi huwa l-ḥaqu muṣaddiqan limā bayna yadayhi inna l-laha biʿibādihi lakhabīrun baṣīru

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Qur'an Tools

Tafsir Commentary

The Qur'an is The true Book of Allah وَالَّذِى أَوْحَيْنَآ إِلَيْكَ And what We have revealed to you -- O Muhلammad, of the Book, i.e., the Qur a0n, هُوَ الْحَقُّ مُصَدِّقاً لِّمَا بَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ (it is the (very) truth confirming that which was (revealed) before it.) means, of the previous books. It confirms them just as they bore witness to the coming of the Qur'an and that it would be sent down from the Lord of the worlds. إِنَّ اللَّهَ بِعِبَادِهِ لَخَبِيرٌ بَصِيرٌ (Verily, Allah is indeed All-Aware and All-Seer of His servants.) means, He is All-Aware of them and knows who deserves to receive the blessing which He may give to him and not to others. the Prophets and the Messengers are favored above the rest of mankind, and some of the Prophets were given more than others and given higher status than others. The position given to Muhammad is higher than that of all the others, may the blessings and peace of Allah be upon them all.
And that which We have revealed to you of the Book the Qur’ān is the truth confirming what was revealed before it in other words confirming the Books that came before it. Indeed with regard to His servants God is truly Aware and Seeing knowing both their inward and outward aspects.
والذي أنزلناه إليك -أيها الرسول- من القرآن هو الحق المصدِّق للكتب التي أنزلها الله على رسله قبلك. إن الله لخبير بشؤون عباده، بصير بأعمالهم، وسيجازيهم عليها.
يقول تعالى "والذي أوحينا إليك " يا محمد من الكتاب وهو القرآن "هو الحق مصدقا لما بين يديه" أي من الكتب المتقدمة بصدقها كما شهدت هي له بالتنويه وأنه منزل من رب العالمين "إنه بعباده لخبير بصير" أي هو خبير بهم بصير بمن يستحق ما يفضله به على من سواه ولهذا فضل الأنبياء والرسل على جميع البشر وفضل النبيين بعضهم على بعض ورفع بعضهم درجات وجعل منزلة محمد صلى الله عليه وسلم فوق جميعهم صلوات الله وسلامه عليهم أجمعين.
ثم ختم - سبحانه - هذه الآيات الكريمة ، بتثبيت فؤاد النبى صلى الله عليه وسلم ، وتسليته عما أصابه من أعدائه فقال : ( والذي أَوْحَيْنَآ إِلَيْكَ مِنَ الكتاب ) أى القرآن الكريم ( هُوَ الحق ) الثابت الذى لا يحوم حوله باطل .( مُصَدِّقاً لِّمَا بَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ ) أى : أن من صفات هذا القرآن أنه مصدق لما تقدمه من الكتب السماوية . كالتوراة والإِنجيل .( إِنَّ الله بِعِبَادِهِ لَخَبِيرٌ بَصِيرٌ ) أى : إن الله - تعالى - لمحيط إحاطة تامة بأحوال عباده ، مطلع على ما يسرونه وما يلعنونه من أقوال أو أفعال .وبذلك نرى الآيات الكريمة قد أقامت ألواناً من الأدلة على وحدانية الله - تعالى - وقدرته ، وأثنت على العلماء ، وعلى التالين للقرآن الكريم ، والمحافظين على أداء ما كلفهم الله - تعالى - ثناء عظيماً .
القول في تأويل قوله تعالى : وَالَّذِي أَوْحَيْنَا إِلَيْكَ مِنَ الْكِتَابِ هُوَ الْحَقُّ مُصَدِّقًا لِمَا بَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ إِنَّ اللَّهَ بِعِبَادِهِ لَخَبِيرٌ بَصِيرٌ (31)يقول تعالى ذكره: ( وَالَّذِي أَوْحَيْنَا إِلَيْكَ مِنَ الْكِتَابِ ) يا محمد وهو هذا القرآن الذي أنـزله الله عليه (هُوَ الْحَقُّ) يقول: هو الحق عليك وعلى أمتك أن تعمل به، وتتبع ما فيه دون غيره من الكتب التي أوحيت إلى غيرك ( مُصَدِّقًا لِمَا بَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ ) يقول: هو يصدق ما مضى بين يديه فصار أمامه من الكتب التي أنـزلتها إلى من قبلك من الرسل.كما حدثنا بشر، قال: ثنا يزيد، قال: ثنا سعيد، عن قتادة قوله ( وَالَّذِي أَوْحَيْنَا إِلَيْكَ مِنَ الْكِتَابِ هُوَ الْحَقُّ مُصَدِّقًا لِمَا بَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ ) للكتب التي خلت قبله.وقوله ( إِنَّ اللَّهَ بِعِبَادِهِ لَخَبِيرٌ بَصِيرٌ ) يقول تعالى ذكره: إن الله بعباده لذو علم وخبرة بما يعملون بصير بما يصلحهم من التدبير.
( والذي أوحينا إليك من الكتاب ) يعني : القرآن ( هو الحق مصدقا لما بين يديه ) من الكتب ( إن الله بعباده لخبير بصير )
وَالَّذِي أَوْحَيْنَا إِلَيْكَ مِنَ الْكِتَابِ هُوَ الْحَقُّ مُصَدِّقًا لِمَا بَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ إِنَّ اللَّهَ بِعِبَادِهِ لَخَبِيرٌ بَصِيرٌ (31){ غَفُورٌ شَكُورٌ * والذى أَوْحَيْنَآ إِلَيْكَ مِنَ الكتاب هُوَ الحق } .لما كان المبدأ به من أسباب ثواب المؤمنين هو تلاوتهم كتاب الله أعقب التنويه بهم بالتنويه بالقرآن للتذكير بذلك ، ولأن في التذكير بجلال القرآن وشرفه إيماء إلى علة استحقاق الذين يتلونه ما استحَقوا . وابتدىء التنويه به بأنه وحي من الله إلى رسوله ، وناهيك بهذه الصلة تنويهاً بالكتاب ، وهو يتضمن تنويهاً بشأن الذي أنزل عليه من قوله : { والذي أوحينا إليك } ، ففي هذا مسرة للنبيء صلى الله عليه وسلم وبشارة له بأنه أفضل الرسل وأن كتابه أفضل الكتب .وهذه نكتة تعريف المسند إليه باسم الموصول لما في الصلة من الإِيماء إلى وجه كونه الحق الكامل ، دون الإِضمار الذي هو مقتضى الظاهر بأن يقال : وهو الكتاب الحق .فالتعريف في { الكتاب } تعريف العهد .و { مِن } بيانية لما في الموصول من الإِبهام ، والتقدير : والكتاب الذي أوحينا إليك هو الحقّ . فقدم الموصول الذي حقه أن يَقع صفة للكتاب تقديماً للتشويق بالإِبهام ليقع بعده التفصيل فيتمكن من الذهن فضْلَ تمكن .فجملة { والذي أوحينا إليك من الكتاب } معطوفة على جملة { إن الذين يتلون كتاب الله } [ فاطر : 29 ] فهي مثلها في حكم الاستئناف .وضمير { هو } ضمير فصل ، وهو تأكيد لما أفاده تعريفَ المسند من القصر .والتعريف في { الحق } تعريف الجنس . وأفاد تعريفُ الجزأين قصر المسند على المسند إليه ، أي قصر جنس الحق على { الذي أوحينا إليك } ، وهو قصر ادعائي للمبالغة لعدم الاعتداد بحقيّة ما عداه من الكتب .فأما الكتب غير الإِلهية مثل ( الزند فسْتَا ) كتاب ( زرادشت ) ومثل كتب الصابئة فلأنَّ ما فيها من قليل الحق قد غمر بالباطل والأوهام .وأما الكتب الإِلهية كالتوراة والإِنجيل وما تضمنته كتب الأنبياء كالزبور وكتاب أرميا من الوحي الإِلهي ، فما شهد القرآن بحقيته فقد دخل في شهادة قوله : { مصدقاً لما بين يديه } ، وما جاء نسخُه بالقرآن فقد بين النسخ تحديد صلاحيته في القرآن . وذلك أيضاً تصديق لها لأنه يدفع موهم بطلانها عند من يجد خلافها في القرآن وما عسى أن يكون قد نقل على تحريف أو تأويل فقد دخل فيما أخرجه القصر . وقد بين القرآن معظمهُ وكشف عن مواقعه كقوله : { وهو محرم عليكم إخراجهم } [ البقرة : 85 ] .ومعنى «ما بين يديه» ما سبقه لأن السابق يجيء متقدِّماً على المسبوق فكأنه يمشي بين يديه كقوله تعالى : { إن هو إلا نذير لكم بين يدي عذاب شديد } [ سبأ : 46 ] . والمراد بما بين يديه ما قبله من الشرائع ، وأهمها شريعة موسى وشريعة عيسى عليهما السلام .وانتصب { مصدقاً } على الحال من { الكتاب } والعامل في الحال فعل { أوحينا } ليفيد أنه مع كونه حقّاً بالغاً في الحقيَّة فهو مصدق للكتب الحقّة ، ومقرر لما اشتملت عليه من الحق .{ بَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ إِنَّ الله بِعِبَادِهِ } .تذييل جامع لما تضمنته الآيات قبله من تفضيل بعض عباد الله على بعض ومن انطواء ضمائرهم على الخشية وعدمها ، وإقبال بعضهم على الطاعات وإعراض بعض ، ومن تفضيل بعض كتب الله على بعض المقتضي أيضاً تفضيل بعض المرسلين بها على بعض ، فموقع قوله : { إن الله بعباده لخبير بصير } موقع إقناع السامعين بأن الله عليم بعباده وهو يعاملهم بحسب ما يعلم منهم ، ويصطفي منهم من علم أنه خلقه كفئاً لاصطفائه ، فأَلْقَمَ بهذا الذين قالوا : { أأنزل عليه الذكر من بيننا } [ ص : 8 ] حَجراً ، وكأولئك أيضاً الذين ينكرون القرآن من أهل الكتاب بعلة أنه جاء مبطلاً لكتابهم .والخبير : العالم بدقائق الأمور المعقولة والمحسوسة والظاهرة والخفية .والبصير : العالم بالأمور المبصرة . وتقديم الخبير على البصير لأنه أشمل . وذكر البصير عقبه للعناية بالأعمال التي هي من المبصرات وهي غالب شرائع الإِسلام ، وقد تكرر إرداف الخبير بالبصير في مواضع كثيرة من القرآن .والتأكيد ب { إنَّ } واللام للاهتمام بالمقصود من هذا الخبر .
يذكر تعالى أن الكتاب الذي أوحاه إلى رسوله { هُوَ الْحَقُّ } من كثرة ما اشتمل عليه من الحق، كأن الحق منحصر فيه، فلا يكن في قلوبكم حرج منه، ولا تتبرموا منه، ولا تستهينوا به، فإذا كان هو الحق، لزم أن كل ما دل عليه من المسائل الإلهية والغيبية وغيرها، مطابق لما في الواقع، فلا يجوز أن يراد به ما يخالف ظاهره وما دل عليه.{ مُصَدِّقًا لِمَا بَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ } من الكتب والرسل، لأنها أخبرت به، فلما وجد وظهر، ظهر به صدقها. فهي بشرت به وأخبرت، وهو صدقها، ولهذا لا يمكن أحدا أن يؤمن بالكتب السابقة، وهو كافر بالقرآن أبدا، لأن كفره به، ينقض إيمانه بها، لأن من جملة أخبارها الخبر عن القرآن، ولأن أخبارها مطابقة لأخبار القرآن.{ إِنَّ اللَّهَ بِعِبَادِهِ لَخَبِيرٌ بَصِيرٌ } فيعطي كل أمة وكل شخص، ما هو اللائق بحاله. ومن ذلك، أن الشرائع السابقة لا تليق إلا بوقتها وزمانها، ولهذا، ما زال اللّه يرسل الرسل رسولا بعد رسول، حتى ختمهم بمحمد صلى اللّه عليه وسلم، فجاء بهذا الشرع، الذي يصلح لمصالح الخلق إلى يوم القيامة، ويتكفل بما هو الخير في كل وقت.
قوله تعالى : والذي أوحينا إليك من الكتاب هو الحق مصدقا لما بين يديه إن الله بعباده لخبير بصير قوله تعالى : والذي أوحينا إليك من الكتاب يعني القرآن . هو الحق مصدقا لما بين يديه أي من الكتب . إن الله بعباده لخبير بصير .
Jacob was Abraham’s grandson. From Jacob up to the time of Jesus, all the prophets were from among the tribes of the Children of Israel. In this way, the chain of Jewish prophets remained unbroken for about two thousand years. But, latter day Jews did not remain capable of bearing aloft the Book of God. Therefore, another community, the Children of Isma‘il, was selected to be the guardian of the divine scriptures. The Prophet Muhammad was born into this tribe. When the Prophet Muhammad presented the Quran before the tribe (Children of Isma‘il), three groups emerged—one which consisted of those who stood in opposition, a second which adopted a middle way, and a third which believed in the message he presented. It was the last group, who stood by the Prophet at all times. They had to forego every comfort and lived lives of gruelling hard work during which time they exhibited great patience. As a reward for their sacrifice God admitted them in the everlasting gardens of paradise where no sorrow or trouble could ever affect them.
Commentary Mentioned earlier, in verse 28, there was a quality of true ` Ulama' who acknowledge Allah. This quality related to the heart. It was to have Allah's awe in the heart. In the first of the present verses (29), some those qualities of the same blessed people, the awliya' or men of Allah, are mentioned that find expression through outward parts of the body. Out of these, the first quality is the tilawah (recitation) of the Qur'an. This denotes the people who recite the Book of Allah constantly. The use of the aorist tense (mudari) in: یَتلُونَ (yatluna: they recite) releases a hint in this direction. Then, there are other elders who have taken: یَتلُونَ (yatluna) at this place in its literal sense, that is, they follow the Qur'an in deed. But, the first Tafsir is weightier, even though, it also stands determined from the context that recitation can be trustworthy only when it brings forth actions in accordance with the Qur'an. But, the word: تِلَاوَت (tilawah or recitation) used here appears in its recognized sense. Similarly, Mutarrif Ibn ` Abdullah Ibn Shikhkhir (رح) said: ھَذِہٖ آیَۃُ القُرَّاِء (This verse is for al-qurra' ), the phoneticians of the Qur'an, who make the recitation of the Qur'an their special activity of life. The second quality they have is the establishing of Salah and the third is the spending of their wealth in the way of Allah. When the text says 'secretly and openly', it indicates that it is often better to spend secretly in order to stay safe from riya' (show off) in acts of worship. But, there are occasions when religious considerations require that it should be done openly, as in the case of congregational prayers for which the command is to call adhan from minarets and perform salah openly with the highest possible attendance. Similarly, there are occasions when it is necessary to let spending in the way of Allah be open in order to persuade others to do the same. Muslim jurists have laid out details in the matter of salah and spending in the way of Allah. According to them, when it is فَرض fard (obligatory), Wajib (necessary) or sunnah mu'akkadah (emphasized sunnah), doing this openly is better. Other than this, when doing nafl salah, it is better to do it privately. Similarly, in instances when spending one's wealth is Fard or Wajib, such as, the obligatory Zakah or sadaqatul-fitr or qurbani, spending openly on these is better and worthy of more merit. As for the rest of voluntary charities (Sadaqatun-nafilah), spending these secretly carries more merit and grace. From people who carry these three qualities in their person, that is, they recite the Qur'an constantly, establish salah as due and spend in the way of Allah cheerfully, it is also expected that they would not simply stop at Fard and Wajib spending, rather, would also be contributing to voluntary charities. Identified next, there is yet another attribute of theirs: (they hope for a trade that will never crash,). The expression: يَرْ‌جُونَ تِجَارَ‌ةً لَّن تَبُورَ‌ (Ian tabur) is a derivation from: بَوَار (bawar) which means to go waste. The verse means that believers having these attributes hope to go in a trade that never runs into a loss. The very word: يَرْ‌جُونَ (yarjun: hope) indicates that a believer has no room for certainty in any good deed done by him or her in this mortal world. No one can say it will definitely bring forgiveness to them and that they will get its reward for sure - because, no matter how good one is in deeds, one simply cannot fulfill the right of reverence and worship Allah Ta’ ala has on His servants. Therefore, forgiveness for one and all will not be possible without the grace of Allah Ta’ ala, as has been clearly stated in a Hadith. In addition to that, with the doing of everything good, one should not neglect the danger of some secret trick of Satan or one's own self getting mixed up with so many good deeds because of which they do not remain acceptable. Or, on occasions, along with a good deed, some bad deed gets to be committed which in turn stops the good deed from being accepted. Therefore, by introducing the word: يَرْ‌جُونَ (yarjun: hope) in the verse, it was pointed out that even after having become particular with all possible good deeds, no one has the right to become sure of his or her salvation and of high ranks that follow in its wake. The most one can do is hope. (Ruh- ul Ma’ ani) Good deeds likened with trade In this verse, good deeds mentioned above have been likened to a trading activity - as it was done in another verse where Faith and Jihad in the way of Allah have been expressed as trade or business deal: هَلْ أَدُلُّكُمْ عَلَىٰ تِجَارَ‌ةٍ تُنجِيكُم مِّنْ عَذَابٍ أَلِيمٍ تُؤْمِنُونَ بِاللَّـهِ وَرَ‌سُولِهِ وَتُجَاهِدُونَ فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّـهِ بِأَمْوَالِكُمْ وَأَنفُسِكُمْ O those who believe, shall I tell you about a trade that saves you from a painful punishment? (It is that) you believe in Allah and His Messenger, and carry out Jihad in His way with your riches and your lives - As-Saff, 61:10). It has been characterized as trade in the sense that a trader invests his capital and time in some venture only when he hopes that by doing so, his capital will increase and he will profit by it. But, every trading activity in this world is hemmed with the probability of loss along with the hope of profit. In the present verse, by adding the word: لَن تَبُور (lan tabur) to trade, it was pointed out that in this deal made for the sake of the benefits of the Hereafter, there was no probability of a loss. Then, the good people of Allah who take pains to do what is good and right do not go about running a business as businesses are commonly run. Instead of that, they hope to engage in a trading activity that never suffers a loss. As for the mention of the stance of hope on the part of such people, it serves as a delicate hint in the direction that Allah Ta’ ala is the noblest of the noble and the most generous of the generous, so He will not sever the hope of the hopeful, instead, would fulfill it. In fact, in the next sentence, it was also said that their hope is limited to receiving only a full return of their deed, but Allah Ta ala would, in His infinite mercy, bestow on them much more, far more than they would have ever hoped: لِيُوَفِّيَهُمْ أُجُورَ‌هُمْ وَيَزِيدَهُم مِّن فَضْلِهِ (so that He pays them their rewards in full, and gives them more out of His grace - 30). The word: لِيُوَفِّيَهُمْ (liyuwaffiahum: so that He pays them in full) is connected with لَّن تَبُور‌ (lan tabur: has no loss), that is, this trade of theirs not only that it admits of no loss, but that it will also bring their return and reward in full, and in addition to that, Allah Ta’ ala will bless them, out of His grace, with much more, rather, far beyond their fondest hopes of returns. Included within this grace and increase is the promise of Allah Ta’ ala that He rewards the deed of a believer multiplied many times, the lowest denominator of which could be ten times of the deed, and the highest could reach seven hundred times, even higher than that. Then, also included in this grace is the acceptance of their intercession on behalf of sinners - as it appears in a Hadith narrated by Sayyidna ` Abdullah Ibn Masud ؓ where he has reported the explanation of this grace from the Holy Prophet ﷺ : 'These people will intercede on behalf of anyone who had done some favor to them during the life of the mortal world. Then, despite being deserving of the punishment of Jahannam, such people will stand delivered of it by virtue of their intercession.' (Tafsir Mazhari with reference to Ibn Abi Hatim) (And it is obvious that intercession will be possible only for the people of faith. No one will be allowed to intercede on behalf of a disbeliever). Similarly, the foremost part of this grace is that they will have an opportunity to see Allah Ta’ ala.
(As for that which We inspire in thee) as for that with which We send Gabriel to you (of the Scripture) i.e. the Qur'an, (it is the Truth confirming) Allah's divine Oneness and also agrees with some laws (that which was (revealed) before it) of earlier Scriptures. (Lo! Allah is indeed Observer) He is aware of those who believe and those who do not, (Seer of his slaves) He sees their works.