Those Who Set The Ranks, Drawn up in Ranks, The Rangers — Verse 41

The Punishment of the Idolators and the Reward of the sincere Believers Allah says, addressing the people: إِنَّكُمْ لَذَآئِقُو الْعَذَابَ الاٌّلِيمِ - وَمَا تُجْزَوْنَ إِلاَّ مَا كُنتُمْ تَعْمَلُونَ (Verily, you are going to taste the painful torment; and you will be requited nothing except for what you used to do.) Then He makes an exception in the case of His sincerely believing servants. This is like the Ayat: وَالْعَصْرِ - إِنَّ الإِنسَـنَ لَفِى خُسْرٍ إِلاَّ الَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ وَعَمِلُواْ الصَّـلِحَـتِ (By the Time. Verily, man is in loss, Except those who believe and do righteous deeds...) (103:1-3), لَقَدْ خَلَقْنَا الإِنسَـنَ فِى أَحْسَنِ تَقْوِيمٍ - ثُمَّ رَدَدْنَـهُ أَسْفَلَ سَـفِلِينَ إِلاَّ الَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ وَعَمِلُواْ الصَّـلِحَـتِ (Verily, We created man in the best stature. Then We reduced him to the lowest of the low. Save those who believe and do righteous deeds) (95:4-6). وَإِن مِّنكُمْ إِلاَّ وَارِدُهَا كَانَ عَلَى رَبِّكَ حَتْماً مَّقْضِيّاً - ثُمَّ نُنَجِّى الَّذِينَ اتَّقَواْ وَّنَذَرُ الظَّـلِمِينَ فِيهَا جِثِيّاً (There is not one of you but will pass over it (Hell); this is with your Lord, a decree which must be accomplished. Then We shall save those who have Taqwa. And We shall leave the wrongdoers therein to their knees.) (19:71-72); and كُلُّ نَفْسٍ بِمَا كَسَبَتْ رَهِينَةٌ - إِلاَّ أَصْحَـبَ الْيَمِينِ g(Every person is a pledge for what he has earned, except those on the right) (74:38-39). Allah says here: إِلاَّ عِبَادَ اللَّهِ الْمُخْلَصِينَ (Save the chosen servants of Allah.) meaning, they will not taste the painful torment nor will they be brought to account. Their evil acts, if there are any, will be overlooked, and each good deed will be rewarded in multiples of between ten and seven hundred, or as much as Allah wills. أُوْلَـئِكَ لَهُمْ رِزْقٌ مَّعْلُومٌ (For them there will be a known provision,) Qatadah and As-Suddi said, "This means Paradise." It is explained further in the next Ayah: فَوَكِهُ (Fruits) meaning, of different kinds. وَهُم مُّكْرَمُونَ (and they shall be honored,) means, they will be served and will live a life of luxury. فِى جَنَّـتِ النَّعِيمِ - عَلَى سُرُرٍ مُّتَقَـبِلِينَ (In the Gardens of Delight, facing one another on thrones.) Mujahid said, "One of them will not look at one another's backs." يُطَافُ عَلَيْهِمْ بِكَأْسٍ مِّن مَّعِينٍ - بَيْضَآءَ لَذَّةٍ لِّلشَّـرِبِينَ - لاَ فِيهَا غَوْلٌ وَلاَ هُمْ عَنْهَا يُنزَفُونَ (Round them will be passed a cup of pure wine -- white, delicious to the drinkers. Neither will they have Ghawl from that nor will they suffer intoxication therefrom.) This is like the Ayah: يَطُوفُ عَلَيْهِمْ وِلْدَنٌ مُّخَلَّدُونَ - بِأَكْوَابٍ وَأَبَارِيقَ وَكَأْسٍ مِّن مَّعِينٍ - لاَّ يُصَدَّعُونَ عَنْهَا وَلاَ يُنزِفُونَ (Immortal boys will go around them (serving), with cups, and jugs, and a glass of flowing wine, from which they will get neither any aching of the head nor any intoxication.)(56:17-19). Allah refined the wine of Paradise from the bad effects of the wine of this world, which causes headaches and stomach aches -- which is the meaning of Ghawl -- causing people to lose their minds completely. So He says here: يُطَافُ عَلَيْهِمْ بِكَأْسٍ مِّن مَّعِينٍ (Round them will be passed a cup of pure wine) meaning, wine from a flowing stream which they do not fear will ever be cut off or cease. Malik narrated that Zayd bin Aslam said, "White flowing wine," meaning, with a bright, shining color, unlike the wine of this earth with its ugly, repulsive colors of red, black, yellow and turbid shades, and other features which are repugnant to anyone of a sound nature. لَذَّةٍ لِّلشَّـرِبِينَ (delicious to the drinkers.) means, its taste will be as good as its color, and a good taste indicates that it has a good smell, unlike the wine of this world. لاَ فِيهَا غَوْلٌ (Neither will they have Ghawl from that) means, it will not have any effects on them such as causing stomach aches. This was the view of Ibn `Abbas, may Allah be pleased with him, Mujahid, Qatadah and Ibn Zayd. This is unlike the wine of this world, which causes colic and so on, because it is too watery. وَلاَ هُمْ عَنْهَا يُنزَفُونَ (nor will they suffer intoxication therefrom.) Mujahid said, "It will not cause them to lose their minds." This was also the view of Ibn `Abbas, Muhammad bin Ka`b, Al-Hasan. `Ata' bin Abi Muslim Al-Khurasani, As-Suddi and others. Ad-Dahhak reported that Ibn Abbas said, "Wine causes four things: intoxication, headache, vomiting and urine." So, when Allah mentions the wine of Paradise, He states that it is free of these characteristics, as mentioned in Surat As-Saffat. وَعِندَهُمْ قَـصِرَتُ الطَّرْفِ (And beside them will be Qasirat At-Tarf) means, chaste females, who will not look at anyone other than their husbands, as Ibn `Abbas, Mujahid, Zayd bin Aslam, Qatadah, As-Suddi and others said. عِينٌ (with (wide and beautiful) eyes) means, with beautiful eyes. It was also said that it means with wide eyes, which is connected to the first meaning. They are wide-eyed and beautiful, and their eyes are described as being beautiful and chaste. Allah says: وَعِندَهُمْ قَـصِرَتُ الطَّرْفِ عِينٌ (And beside them will be Qasirat At-Tarf, with (wide and beautiful) eyes.) كَأَنَّهُنَّ بَيْضٌ مَّكْنُونٌ (as if they were Bayd Maknun.) Their bodies are described as having the most perfect color. `Ali bin Abi Talhah reported that Ibn `Abbas, may Allah be pleased with him: كَأَنَّهُنَّ بَيْضٌ مَّكْنُونٌ (as if they were Bayd Maknun.) means, as if they were hidden pearls. Al-Hasan said: كَأَنَّهُنَّ بَيْضٌ مَّكْنُونٌ (as if they were Bayd Maknun. ) means, protected, never touched by any hands. As-Suddi said, "The well preserved egg in its nest." Sa`id bin Jubayr said: كَأَنَّهُنَّ بَيْضٌ مَّكْنُونٌ (as if they were Bayd Maknun.) means, "The inside of the egg." `Ata' Al-Khurasani said, "It is the membrane which is between its outer shell and its inner contents." As-Suddi said: كَأَنَّهُنَّ بَيْضٌ مَّكْنُونٌ (as if they were Bayd Maknun.) means, "The white of the egg when its shell is removed." Ibn Jarir's view concerning the meaning of Maknun (well preserved) is that the outer shell is touched by the wing of the bird and the nest, and by people's hands, unlike the interior of the egg. And Allah knows best.

whose requital is mentioned in His saying For them there will be in Paradise a distinct provision morning and evening —

They will have a known provision; fruits-and they will be honored. In the Garden they will have a known provision for their outer skins at designated moments, morn- ing and evening, and they will have a known provision for their secret cores at every moment. YaḤyā Muʿādh was asked, “Does the Beloved ever turn His face toward the lover?” He said, “When does the Beloved ever turn His face away from the lover?” May a thousand spirits be sacrificed to the chevalier who knows the intimations of passion! God nurtures those who have the collar of love around their necks in the lap of bounty, the cradle of the Covenant, and the dome of proximity. He unveils to them His Essence and addresses them through His attributes. The Throne has the attribute of elevation, and elevation is enough for it. The Footstool has the attribute of tremendousness, and tremendousness is enough for it. Heaven has adornment and ornamentation, and adornment and ornamentation are enough for it. The soul has the claim to egoism, and the claim to egoism is enough for it. As for the heart, it does not have the elevation of the Throne, nor does it have the tremendousness of the Footstool, nor does it have the ornamentation of the heaven, nor does it have the expanse of the earth, nor does it have the claim to being and egoism-all it has is brokenness and poverty. “My bounty and mercy are enough for it. Say: 'In the bounty of God and His mercy-in that let them rejoice' [10:58].”

They will have a known provision; fruits-and they will be honored. In the Garden they will have a known provision for their outer skins at designated moments, morn- ing and evening, and they will have a known provision for their secret cores at every moment. YaḤyā Muʿādh was asked, “Does the Beloved ever turn His face toward the lover?” He said, “When does the Beloved ever turn His face away from the lover?” May a thousand spirits be sacrificed to the chevalier who knows the intimations of passion! God nurtures those who have the collar of love around their necks in the lap of bounty, the cradle of the Covenant, and the dome of proximity. He unveils to them His Essence and addresses them through His attributes. The Throne has the attribute of elevation, and elevation is enough for it. The Footstool has the attribute of tremendousness, and tremendousness is enough for it. Heaven has adornment and ornamentation, and adornment and ornamentation are enough for it. The soul has the claim to egoism, and the claim to egoism is enough for it. As for the heart, it does not have the elevation of the Throne, nor does it have the tremendousness of the Footstool, nor does it have the ornamentation of the heaven, nor does it have the expanse of the earth, nor does it have the claim to being and egoism-all it has is brokenness and poverty. “My bounty and mercy are enough for it. Say: 'In the bounty of God and His mercy-in that let them rejoice' [10:58].”

They will have a known provision; fruits-and they will be honored. In the Garden they will have a known provision for their outer skins at designated moments, morn- ing and evening, and they will have a known provision for their secret cores at every moment. YaḤyā Muʿādh was asked, “Does the Beloved ever turn His face toward the lover?” He said, “When does the Beloved ever turn His face away from the lover?” May a thousand spirits be sacrificed to the chevalier who knows the intimations of passion! God nurtures those who have the collar of love around their necks in the lap of bounty, the cradle of the Covenant, and the dome of proximity. He unveils to them His Essence and addresses them through His attributes. The Throne has the attribute of elevation, and elevation is enough for it. The Footstool has the attribute of tremendousness, and tremendousness is enough for it. Heaven has adornment and ornamentation, and adornment and ornamentation are enough for it. The soul has the claim to egoism, and the claim to egoism is enough for it. As for the heart, it does not have the elevation of the Throne, nor does it have the tremendousness of the Footstool, nor does it have the ornamentation of the heaven, nor does it have the expanse of the earth, nor does it have the claim to being and egoism-all it has is brokenness and poverty. “My bounty and mercy are enough for it. Say: 'In the bounty of God and His mercy-in that let them rejoice' [10:58].”

They will have a known provision; fruits-and they will be honored. In the Garden they will have a known provision for their outer skins at designated moments, morn- ing and evening, and they will have a known provision for their secret cores at every moment. YaḤyā Muʿādh was asked, “Does the Beloved ever turn His face toward the lover?” He said, “When does the Beloved ever turn His face away from the lover?” May a thousand spirits be sacrificed to the chevalier who knows the intimations of passion! God nurtures those who have the collar of love around their necks in the lap of bounty, the cradle of the Covenant, and the dome of proximity. He unveils to them His Essence and addresses them through His attributes. The Throne has the attribute of elevation, and elevation is enough for it. The Footstool has the attribute of tremendousness, and tremendousness is enough for it. Heaven has adornment and ornamentation, and adornment and ornamentation are enough for it. The soul has the claim to egoism, and the claim to egoism is enough for it. As for the heart, it does not have the elevation of the Throne, nor does it have the tremendousness of the Footstool, nor does it have the ornamentation of the heaven, nor does it have the expanse of the earth, nor does it have the claim to being and egoism-all it has is brokenness and poverty. “My bounty and mercy are enough for it. Say: 'In the bounty of God and His mercy-in that let them rejoice' [10:58].”

They will have a known provision; fruits-and they will be honored.In the Garden they will have a known provision for their outer skins at designated moments, morn- ing and evening, and they will have a known provision for their secret cores at every moment.YaḤyā Muʿādh was asked, �Does the Beloved ever turn His face toward the lover?� He said, �When does the Beloved ever turn His face away from the lover?�May a thousand spirits be sacrificed to the chevalier who knows the intimations of passion!God nurtures those who have the collar of love around their necks in the lap of bounty, the cradle of the Covenant, and the dome of proximity. He unveils to them His Essence and addresses them through His attributes. The Throne has the attribute of elevation, and elevation is enough for it. The Footstool has the attribute of tremendousness, and tremendousness is enough for it. Heaven has adornment and ornamentation, and adornment and ornamentation are enough for it. The soul has the claim to egoism, and the claim to egoism is enough for it. As for the heart, it does not have the elevation of the Throne, nor does it have the tremendousness of the Footstool, nor does it have the ornamentation of the heaven, nor does it have the expanse of the earth, nor does it have the claim to being and egoism-all it has is brokenness and poverty. �My bounty and mercy are enough for it. Say: 'In the bounty of God and His mercy-in that let them rejoice' [10:58].�

أولئك المخلصون لهم في الجنة رزق معلوم لا ينقطع.

قوله جل وعلا "أولئك لهم رزق معلوم" قال قتادة والسدي يعني الجنة ثم فسره بقوله تعالى "فواكه" أي متنوعة "وهم مكرمون" أي يخدمون ويرفهون وينعمون.

واسم الإِشارة فى قوله : ( أُوْلَئِكَ لَهُمْ رِزْقٌ مَّعْلُومٌ ) يعود إلى هؤلاء العباد المخلصين .أى : أولئك العباد المتصفون بتلك الصفة الكريمة وهى الإِخلاص ، لهم رزق عظيم معلوم فى وقته ، كما قال - تعالى - : ( وَلَهُمْ رِزْقُهُمْ فِيهَا بُكْرَةً وَعَشِيّاً ) ومعلوم فى خصائصه الكريمة وصفاته الحسنة ككونه لذيذ الطعم ، حسن المنظر ، غير مقطوع ولا ممنوع إلى غير ذلك من الصفات التى تجعله محل الرغبة والاشتهاء .

وقوله ( أُولَئِكَ لَهُمْ رِزْقٌ مَعْلُومٌ ) يقول: هؤلاء هم عباد الله المخلصون لهم رزق معلوم; وذلك الرزق المعلوم: هو الفواكه التي خلقها الله لهم في الجنة.كما حدثنا بشر، قال: ثنا يزيد، قال: ثنا سعيد، عن قتادة ( أُولَئِكَ لَهُمْ رِزْقٌ مَعْلُومٌ ) في الجنة.حدثنا محمد بن الحسين، قال: ثنا أحمد بن المفضل، قال: ثنا أسباط، عن السدي، في قوله ( أُولَئِكَ لَهُمْ رِزْقٌ مَعْلُومٌ ) قال: في الجنة.

" أولئك لهم رزق معلوم "، يعني: بكرة وعشياً [كما قال: " ولهم رزقهم فيها بكرةً وعشياً " (مريم-62)].

أُولَئِكَ لَهُمْ رِزْقٌ مَعْلُومٌ (41) ، وكذلك قوله هنا : { إلاَّ عِبَادَ الله المُخلصين أُولئِكَ لهم رزقٌ معلومُ } . ولو كان المعنى على الاستثناء لما أتبع المستثنى بأخبار عنه لأنه حينئذٍ يثبت له نقيض حكم المستثنى منه بمجرد الاستثناء ، فإن ذلك مُفاد { إلا ، ونظيره مع لكن قولُه تعالى : { أفأنت تنقذ من في النار لكن الذين اتقوا ربهم لهم غرف } الآية في سورة [ الزُّمَر : 19 - 20 ] .وذِكر المؤمنين بوصف العبودية المضافة لله تعالى تنويه بهم وتقريب ، وذلك اصطلاح غالب في القرآن في إطلاق العبدِ والعبادِ مضافاً إلى ضميره تعالى كقوله : { واذكر عبدنا داود ذا الأيد } [ ص : 17 ] { واذكر عبادنا إبراهيم وإسحاق ويعقوب } [ ص : 45 ] { يا عبادي لا خوف عليكم اليوم ولا أنتم تحزنون } [ الزخرف : 68 ] ، وربما أطلق العبد غير مضاف مراداً به التقريب أيضاً كقوله : { ووهبنا لداوود سليمان نعم العبد } [ ص : 30 ] ، أي العبد لله ، ألا ترى أنه لما أريد ذكر قوم من عباد الله من المشركين لم يؤت بلفظ العباد مضافاً كما في قوله تعالى : { بعثنا عليكم عباداً لنا أولي بأس شديد } [ الإسراء : 5 ] إلاّ بقرينة مقام التوبيخ في قوله : { أأنتم أضللتم عبادي هؤلاء } [ الفرقان : 17 ] لأن صفة الإِضلال قرينة على أن الإِضافة ليست للتقريب ، وقوله : { إن عبادي ليس لك عليهم سلطان إلا من اتبعك من الغاوين } [ الحجر : 42 ] فقرينة التغليب هي مناط استثناء الغاوين من قوله { عبادي وينسب إلى الشافعي :ومما زادني شَرفاً وفخراً ... وكِدْتُ بأَخمَصي أَطأُ الثريادخولي تحت قولك يا عبادي ... وأن أرسلتَ أحمدَ لي نبياوالمراد بهم هنا الذين آمنوا بالنبي فإنهم الذين يخطرون بالبال عند ذكر أحوال المشركين الذين كفروا به وقالوا فيه ما هو منه بريء خطورَ الضد بذكر ضده .والمُخلَصين } صفة عباد الله وهو بفتح اللام إذا أريد الذين أخلصهم الله لولايته ، وبكسرها أي الذين أخلصوا دينهم لله . فقرأه نافع وعاصم وحمزة والكسائي وأبو جعفر وخلف بفتح اللام . وقرأه ابن كثير وابن عامر وأبو عمرو ويعقوب بكسر اللام .و { أولئك } إشارة إلى { عِبادَ الله } قصد منه التنبيه على أنهم استحقوا ما بعد اسم الإِشارة لأجل مما أُثبت لهم من صفة الإِخلاص كما ذلك من مقتضيات تعريف المسند إليه بالإِشارة كقوله تعالى :{ أولئك على هدى من ربهم } [ البقرة : 5 ] بعد قوله : { هدى للمتقين الذين يؤمنون بالغيب } الآية في سورة [ البقرة : 2 - 3 ] .والرزق : الطعام قال تعالى : { وجد عندها رزقاً } [ آل عمران : 37 ] ، وقال : { لا يأتيكما طعام ترزقانه } [ يوسف : 37 ] . والمعلوم : الذي لا يتخلف عن ميعاده ولا ينتظره أهله .و { فَواكِهُ } عطف بيان من { رِزْقٌ . } والمعنى : أن طعامهم كله من الأطعمة التي يتفكه بها لا مما يؤكل لأجل الشبع .

قوله تعالى : أولئك لهم رزق معلوم يعني المخلصين ، أي : لهم عطية معلومة لا تنقطع . قال قتادة : يعني الجنة . وقال غيره : يعني رزق الجنة . وقيل : هي الفواكه التي ذكر . قال مقاتل : حين يشتهونه . وقال ابن السائب : إنه بمقدار الغداة والعشي ، قال الله تعالى : ولهم رزقهم فيها بكرة وعشيا

The present world is a world of trial. Here people are given the opportunity to act freely so that God may separate the good from the bad. Those who prove by their words and deeds that they deserve to savour the joys of Paradise, will be selected by their Lord for this purpose. Special favours will be bestowed on them and they will be asked to remain forever in these gardens which afford every comfort and enjoyment.

Commentary After having described the condition of the people of Jahannam (Hell), the verses cited above have mentioned the condition of the people of Jannah (Paradise). This description is in two parts. The initial ten verses describe the comforts the people of Jannah will be blessed with. After that, the verses that follow take up an event relating to a particular inmate of Jannah which has lessons of guidance. Out of what has been said in the first ten verses, a few things are worth mentioning. These are as follows: 1. It was said in the first verse (41): أُولَـٰئِكَ لَهُمْ رِ‌زْقٌ مَّعْلُومٌ (Those are the people for whom there is a known provision). Commentators explain it variously. (1) Some say that it refers to the detailed description of the provisions of Paradise mentioned in different Surahs of the Qur'an. Maulana Ashraf Thanavi has elected to go by this very Tafsir. (2) Others have said that 'known provision' means that its timings are determined and known, that is, it will be bestowed punctually all mornings and evenings as indicated in another verse بُكْرَ‌ةً وَعَشِيًّا 'and for them there is their provision in it, morning and evening' -Maryam, 19:62) where the words: صُبح و شَام (morning and evening) have been explicitly mentioned. (3) Then, there is a third Tafsir as well. According to this explanation, 'known provision' means that this provision will be certain and everlasting - unlike the world of our experience where no one can say with any degree of certainty what and how much of that provision he or she is going to get; nor does anyone know how long his provision will remain available to him or her. Every human heart is all the time under the fear that the blessings he has may disappear in future- may be, comes a tomorrow and they are no more there. Jannah will be free of this danger. Instead, the provision of Paradise will be certain and everlasting, both. (Qurtubi, and others).

(For them there is a known provision) in measure for the morning and evening of the life of this world, except that over there there is no morning or evening.