The Winnowing Winds, The Scatterers — Verse 34
51:34 · adh-Dhariyat
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مُّسَوَّمَةً عِندَ رَبِّكَ لِلۡمُسۡرِفِینَ ٣٤
musawwamatan ʿinda rabbika lil'mus'rifīn
The Winnowing Winds, The Scatterers / adh-Dhariyat (51:34)
Connections 4 single-source 1 commentator
Multi-source connections
No verses on this ayah are cited by 2 or more commentators using numeric S:A notation. All extracted references come from a single source's commentary.
Single-source mentions (4) cited by only one commentator
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Q 11:74 (Hud)
cited by
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Q 11:75 (Hud)
cited by
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Q 11:76 (Hud)
cited by
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Q 29:32 (al-`Ankabut)
cited by
By commentator who cites how many verses on this ayah
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Tafsir Ibn Kathir (abridged) 4 verses
Note: these connections are extracted from numeric S:A references inside the commentary text and are therefore biased toward mufassirun who use that notation. Prose-style references (e.g. "Surat al-Baqarah verse 30") will be added later, which should surface additional multi-source consensus.
marked by your Lord for those who exceed all bounds.’
musawwamatan ʿinda rabbika lil'mus'rifīn
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Tafsir Commentary
marked bearing the name of the person at whom it will be hurled by your Lord ‘inda rabbika is an adverbial qualifier of musawwamatan ‘marked’ for the destruction of the prodigal’ for coming unto males in addition to their disbelief.
قال إبراهيم عليه السلام، لملائكة الله: ما شأنكم وفيم أُرسلتم؟ قالوا: إن الله أرسلنا إلى قوم قد أجرموا لكفرهم بالله؛ لنهلكهم بحجارة من طين متحجِّر، معلَّمة عند ربك لهؤلاء المتجاوزين الحدَّ في الفجور والعصيان.
" لنرسل عليهم حجارة من طين مسومة" أي معلمة "عند ربك للمسرفين" أي مكتتبة عنده بأسمائهم كل حجر عليه اسم صاحبه فقال في سورة العنكبوت" قال إن فيها لوطا قالوا نحن أعلم بمن فيها لننجينه وأهله إلا امرأته كانت من الغابرين.
( مُّسَوَّمَةً عِندَ رَبِّكَ لِلْمُسْرِفِينَ ) أى : معلمة عند الله - تعالى - وفى علمه ، وقد أعدها - سبحانه - لرجم هؤلاء الذين أسرفوا فى عصيانهم له - تعالى - وأتوا بفاحشة لم يسبقهم إليها أحد من العاملين .فقوله : ( مُّسَوَّمَةً ) حال من الحجارة ، والسُّومة : العلامة . ومنه قوله - تعالى - : ( والخيل المسومة ).
كما حدثني محمد بن سعد, قال: ثني أبي, قال: ثني عمي, قال: ثني أبي, عن أبيه, عن ابن عباس قوله : ( مُسَوَّمَةً عِنْدَ رَبِّكَ لِلْمُسْرِفِينَ ) قال: المسومة: الحجارة المختومة, يكون الحجر أبيض فيه نقطة سوداء, أو يكون الحجر أسود فيه نقطة بيضاء, فذلك تسويمها عند ربك يا إبراهيم للمسرفين, يعني للمتعدّين حدود الله, الكافرين به من قوم لوط .
( مسومة ) معلمة ( عند ربك للمسرفين ) قال ابن عباس : للمشركين ، والشرك أسرف الذنوب وأعظمها .
مُسَوَّمَةً عِنْدَ رَبِّكَ لِلْمُسْرِفِينَ (34(ومعنى { عند ربك } أن علاماتها بخلق الله وتكوينه .والمسرفون : المفرطون في العصيان ، وذلك بكفرهم وشيوع الفاحشة فيهم ، فالمسرفون : القوم المجرمون ، عدل عن ضميرهم إلى الوصف الظاهر ، لتسجيل إفراطهم في الإِجرام .
{ لِنُرْسِلَ عَلَيْهِمْ حِجَارَةً مِنْ طِينٍ مُسَوَّمَةً عِنْدَ رَبِّكَ لِلْمُسْرِفِينَ } أي: معلمة، على كل حجر منها سمة صاحبه لأنهم أسرفوا، وتجاوزوا الحد فجعل إبراهيم يجادلهم في قوم لوط، لعل الله يدفع عنهم العذاب، فقال الله: { يَا إِبْرَاهِيمُ أَعْرِضْ عَنْ هَذَا إِنَّهُ قَدْ جَاءَ أَمْرُ رَبِّكَ وَإِنَّهُمْ آتِيهِمْ عَذَابٌ غَيْرُ مَرْدُودٍ }
مسومة أي معلمة . قيل : كانت مخططة بسواد وبياض . وقيل : بسواد وحمرة . وقيل : مسومة أي معروفة بأنها حجارة العذاب . وقيل : على كل حجر اسم من يهلك به . وقيل : عليها أمثال الخواتيم . وقد مضى هذا كله في " هود " . فجعلت الحجارة تتبع مسافريهم وشذاذهم فلم يفلت منهم مخبر .عند ربك أي عند الله وقد أعدها لرجم من قضى برجمه . ثم قيل : كانت مطبوخة طبخ الآجر ؛ قاله ابن زيد ; وهو معنى قوله تعالى : حجارة من سجيل على ما تقدم بيانه في " هود " . وقيل : هي الحجارة التي نراها وأصلها طين ، وإنما تصير حجارة بإحراق الشمس إياها على مر الدهور . وإنما قال : من طين ليعلم أنها ليست حجارة الماء التي هي البرد . حكاه القشيري .
At that time Abraham was in Palestine. Nearby, around the Dead Sea there were the townships of Sodom and Gomorrah in which the contemporaries of Lot were settled. In spite of Lot’s preaching for a long time, they were not ready to give up a life vitiated by forgetfulness of God. So, at God’s behest, Lot and his companions departed. Then, the aforesaid angels destroyed the entire community by an earthquake, stormy winds and showers of pebbles. The community of Lot was destroyed two thousand years ago, but their devastated habitat (south of the Dead Sea) exists even today to teach a lesson to those who have the inclination to learn from events.
Small pebbles of baked clay would be sent down upon them: مُّسَوَّمَةً عِندَ رَبِّكَ "marked, with your Lord, for the transgressors."... 51:34), that is, pebbles conspicuously marked by Allah. Some scholars say that each stone bore the name of the person with which he was to be destroyed, and if he ran in any particular direction, he was pursued by the same stone. Other verses say that these people were destroyed by Jibra'il's (علیہ السلام) turning their territory upside down. The two descriptions of the punishment are not mutually contradictory: Probably, the stoning incident took place first, and then the earth was turned upside down.
(Marked) black in red (by thy Lord) these stones will come from your Lord (for (the destruction of) the wanton) for the destruction of the idolatrous folk.
The Angels were sent to destroy the People of the Prophet Lut
Allah the Exalted said about Ibrahim, peace be upon him,
فَلَمَّا ذَهَبَ عَنْ إِبْرَهِيمَ الرَّوْعُ وَجَآءَتْهُ الْبُشْرَى يُجَـدِلُنَا فِى قَوْمِ لُوطٍ - إِنَّ إِبْرَهِيمَ لَحَلِيمٌ أَوَّاهٌ مُّنِيبٌ - يإِبْرَهِيمُ أَعْرِضْ عَنْ هَـذَآ إِنَّهُ قَدْ جَآءَ أَمْرُ رَبِّكَ وَإِنَّهُمْ آتِيهِمْ عَذَابٌ غَيْرُ مَرْدُودٍ
(Then when the fear had gone away from (Ibrahim), and the glad tidings had reached him, he began to plead with Us for the people of Lut. Verily, Ibrahim was, without doubt forbearing, used to invoke Allah with humility, and was repentant. "O Ibrahim! Forsake this. Indeed, the commandment of your Lord has gone forth. Verily, there will come a torment for them which cannot be turned back.")(11:74-76) Allah said here,
قَالَ فَمَا خَطْبُكُمْ أَيُّهَا الْمُرْسَلُونَ
((Ibrahim) said: "Then for what purpose you have come, O messengers") meaning, `what is the mission that you were sent with,'
قَالُواْ إِنَّآ أُرْسِلْنَآ إِلَى قَوْمٍ مُّجْرِمِينَ
(They said: "We have been sent to a people who are criminals.") in reference to the people of Lut,
لِنُرْسِلَ عَلَيْهِمْ حِجَارَةً مِّن طِينٍ مُّسَوَّمَةً
(To send down upon them stones of baked clay, marked), or written,
عِندَ رَبِّكَ لِلْمُسْرِفِينَ
(by your Lord for transgressors.) recorded with Allah to their names; each stone has the name of its companion. Allah said in Surat Al-`Ankabut,
قَالَ إِنَّ فِيهَا لُوطاً قَالُواْ نَحْنُ أَعْلَمُ بِمَن فِيهَا لَنُنَجِّيَنَّهُ وَأَهْلَهُ إِلاَّ امْرَأَتَهُ كَانَتْ مِنَ الْغَـبِرِينَ
((Ibrahim) said: "But there is Lut in it." They said: "We know better who is there. We will verily save him and his family except his wife: she will be of those who remain behind.")(29:32), and said here,
فَأَخْرَجْنَا مَن كَانَ فِيهَا مِنَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ
(So We brought out from therein the believers.) they are: Lut and his family, except his wife,
فَمَا وَجَدْنَا فِيهَا غَيْرَ بَيْتٍ مِّنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ
(But We found not there any household of the Muslims except one.) Allah the Exalted said,
وَتَرَكْنَا فِيهَآ ءَايَةً لِّلَّذِينَ يَخَافُونَ الْعَذَابَ الاٌّلِيمَ
(And We have left there a sign for those who fear the painful torment.) meaning, `We left a proof of the punishment, torment and stones made of Sijjil (baked clay) that We sent on them; We made their dwelling place a putrid, evil, dead sea. This should provide a lesson for the believers,'
لِّلَّذِينَ يَخَافُونَ الْعَذَابَ الاٌّلِيمَ
(for those who fear the painful torment.)