Cattle, Livestock — Verse 5
6:5 · al-An`am
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فَقَدۡ كَذَّبُوا۟ بِٱلۡحَقِّ لَمَّا جَاۤءَهُمۡ فَسَوۡفَ یَأۡتِیهِمۡ أَنۢبَـٰۤؤُا۟ مَا كَانُوا۟ بِهِۦ یَسۡتَهۡزِءُونَ ٥
faqad kadhabū bil-ḥaqi lammā jāahum fasawfa yatīhim anbāu mā kānū bihi yastahziūn
Cattle, Livestock / al-An`am (6:5)
So they denied the truth when it came to them, but the very thing they laughed at will be brought home to them
faqad kadhabū bil-ḥaqi lammā jāahum fasawfa yatīhim anbāu mā kānū bihi yastahziūn
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Tafsir Commentary
Threatening the Idolators for their Stubbornness
Allah states that the rebellious, stubborn polytheists will turn away from every Ayah, meaning, sign, miracle and proof that is evidence of Allah's Uniqueness and the truth of His honorable Messengers. They will not contemplate about these Ayat or care about them. Allah said,
فَقَدْ كَذَّبُواْ بِالْحَقِّ لَمَّا جَآءَهُمْ فَسَوْفَ يَأْتِيهِمْ أَنْبَاءُ مَا كَانُواْ بِهِ يَسْتَهْزِءُونَ
(Indeed, they rejected the truth when it came to them, but there will come to them the news of that which they used to mock at.) This Ayah contains a warning and a stern threat for the disbelievers' rejection of the truth, stating that the disbelievers will surely know the truth of what they used to deny and taste the evil end of their behavior. Allah advises and warns the disbelievers, that they should avoid the torments and afflictions of this life, similar to what befell their likes from previous nations, who were stronger, wealthier, had more offspring, and were more exploitive on the earth. Allah said,
أَلَمْ يَرَوْاْ كَمْ أَهْلَكْنَا مِن قَبْلِهِم مِّن قَرْنٍ مَّكَّنَّـهُمْ فِى الاٌّرْضِ مَا لَمْ نُمَكِّن لَّكُمْ
(Have they not seen how many a generation before them We have destroyed whom We had established on the earth such as We have not established you) meaning, they had more wealth, children, buildings, abundant provision, riches and soldiers. Allah said next,
وَأَرْسَلْنَا السَّمَآءَ عَلَيْهِم مَّدْرَاراً
(and We poured out on them rain from the sky in abundance, ) in reference to rain that comes often,
وَجَعَلْنَا الاٌّنْهَـرَ تَجْرِى مِن تَحْتِهِمْ
(And made the rivers flow under them.) as rain was abundant and the springs were plentiful, so that We deceived them.
فَأَهْلَكْنَـهُمْ بِذُنُوبِهِمْ
(Yet We destroyed them for their sins) meaning the mistakes and errors that they committed,
وَأَنْشَأْنَا مِن بَعْدِهِمْ قَرْناً ءَاخَرِينَ
(and created after them other generations,) for, these generations of old perished and became as legends and stories,
وَأَنْشَأْنَا مِن بَعْدِهِمْ قَرْناً ءَاخَرِينَ
(And created after them other generations.) so that We test the new generations, as well. Yet, they committed similar errors and were destroyed, as their ancestors were destroyed. Therefore, beware of the same end that might befall you, for you are not dearer to Allah than these previous nations, but the Messenger whom you defied is dearer to Allah than the Messengers they defied. Thus, you are more liable than them to receive torment, if it was not for Allah's mercy and kindness.
They denied the truth the Qur’ān when it came to them but there shall come to them the news the consequences of what they were mocking.
لقد جحد هؤلاء الكفار الحقَّ الذي جاءهم به محمد صلى الله عليه وسلم وسخروا من دعائه؛ جهلا منهم بالله واغترارًا بإمهاله إياهم، فسوف يرون ما استهزءوا به أنه الحق والصدق، ويبين الله للمكذبين كذبهم وافتراءهم، ويجازيهم عليه.
وهذا تهديد لهم ووعيد شديد على تكذيبهم بالحق بأنه لا بد أن يأتيهم خبر ما هم فيه من التكذيب وليجدن غبه وليذوقن وباله. ثم قال تعالى واعظا لهم أن يصيبهم من العذاب والنكال الدنيوي ما حل بأشباههم ونظرائهم من القرون السالفة الذين كانوا أشد منهم قوة وأكثر جمعا وأكثر أموالا وأولادا واستعلاء في الأرض وعمارة لها.
ثم صور - سبحانه - طبيعة الجاحدين الذين هم - لانطماس بصائرهم واصرارهم على العناد - غدوا لا يجدى معهم دليل ولا تنفع معهم حجة ، وساق لهم أخبار من سبقوهم . فقال - تعالى - : { وَمَا تَأْتِيهِم . . . } .المعنى الإجمالى للآية الأولى : أن هؤلاء الجاحدين لرسالات الله ، لا تأتيهم معجزة من المعجزات الدالة على صدقك - يا محمد - فيما تبلغه عن ربك إلا تلقوها بالإعراض ، واستقبلوها بالنبذ والاستخفاف .فالآية الكريمة ، كلام مستأنف سيق لبيان كفرهم بآيات الله - تعالى - وإعراضهم عنها بالكلية بعد بيان كفرهم بالله - تعالى - وإعراضهم عن بعض آيات التوحيد . وامترائهم فى البعث ، وإعراضهم عن أدلته .و { مِّنْ } الأولى لاستغراق الجنس الذى يقع فى حيز النفى ، كقولك : ( ما آتانى من أحد ) والثانية للتبعيض ، أى : ما يظهر لهم دليل قط من الأدلة التى توجب النظر والتأمل والاعتبار ، إلا أهملوه وأعرضوا عنه . لقسوة قلوبهم وعدم تدبرهم للعواقب .
القول في تأويل قوله : فَقَدْ كَذَّبُوا بِالْحَقِّ لَمَّا جَاءَهُمْ فَسَوْفَ يَأْتِيهِمْ أَنْبَاءُ مَا كَانُوا بِهِ يَسْتَهْزِئُونَ (5)قال أبو جعفر: يقول تعالى ذكره: فقد كذب هؤلاء العادلون بالله، الحقَّ لما جاءهم, وذلك " الحق "، هو محمد صلى الله عليه وسلم (18) كذّبوا به, وجحدوا نبوَّته لما جاءهم. قال الله لهم متوعّدًا على تكذيبهم إياه وجحودِهم نبوَّته: سوف يأتي المكذّبين بك، يا محمد، من قومِك وغيرهم =" أنْباء ما كانوا به يستهزئون " ، يقول: سوف يأتيهم أخبارُ استهزائهم بما كانوا به يستهزئون من آياتي وأدلَّتي التي آتيتهم . (19) ثم وفى لهم بوعيده لمّا تمادَوا في غيِّهم، وعَتْوا على ربهم, فقتلتهم يوم بدرٍ بالسَّيف .------------------الهوامش :(18) انظر تفسير"الحق" فيما سلف 10: 377 ، تعليق: 1 ، والمراجع هناك.(19) انظر تفسير"النبأ" فيما سلف 10: 391 ، تعليق: 2 ، والمراجع هناك.= وتفسير"الاستهزاء" فيما سلف 1: 301 - 303.
( فقد كذبوا بالحق ) بالقرآن ، وقيل : بمحمد صلى الله عليه وسلم ، ( لما جاءهم فسوف يأتيهم أنباء ما كانوا به يستهزئون ) أي : أخبار استهزائهم وجزاؤه ، أي : سيعلمون عاقبة استهزائهم إذا عذبوا .
الفاء فصيحة على الأظهر أفصحت عن كلام مقدّر نشأ عن قوله : { إلا كانوا عنها معرضين } ، أي إذا تقرّر هذا الإعراض ثبت أنّهم كذّبوا بالحقّ لمّا جاءهم من عند الله ، فإنّ الإعراض علامة على التكذيب ، كما قدّمته آنفاً ، فما بعد فاء الفصيحة هو الجزاء . ومعناه أنّ من المعلوم سوء عواقب الذين كذّبوا بالحق الآتي من عند الله فلمّا تقرّر في الآية السابقة أنّهم أعرضوا آيات الله فقد ثبت أنّهم كذّبوا بالحقّ الوارد من الله ، ولذلك فرّع عليه قوله : { فسوف يأتيهم أنباء ما كانوا به يستهزئون } تأكيداً لوعد المؤمنين بالنصر وإظهار الإسلام على الدين كلّ وإنذار للمشركين بأن سيحلّ بهم ما حلّ بالأمم الذين كذّبوا رسلهم ممّن عرفوا مثل عاد وثمود وأصحاب الرسّ .وبهذا التقدير لم تكن حاجة إلى جعل الفاء تفريعاً محضاً وجعل ما بعدها علّة لجزاء محذوف مدلول عليه بعلّته كما هو ظاهر «الكشاف» ، وهي مضمون { فقد كذّبوا } بأن يقدّر : فلا تعجب فقد كذّبوا بالقرآن ، لأنّ من قدّر ذلك أوهمه أنّ تكذيبهم المراد هو تكذيبهم بالآيات التي أعرضوا عنها ما عدا آية القرآن . وهذا تخصيص لعموم قوله : { من آية } بلا مخصّص ، فإنّ القرآن من جملة الآيات بل هو المقصود أولاً ، وقد علمت أنّ { فقد كذّبوا } هو الجزاء وأنّ له موقعاً عظيماً من بلاغة الإيجاز ، على أنّ ذلك التقدير يقتضي أن يكون المراد من الآيات في قوله : { من آيات ربّهم } ما عدا القرآن . وهو تخصيص لا يناسب مقام كون القرآن أعظمها .والفاء في قوله : { فسوف } فاء التسبّب على قوله : { كذّبوا بالحقّ } ، أي يترتّب على ذلك إصابتهم بما توعّدهم به الله .وحرف التسويف هنا لتأكيد حصول ذلك في المستقبل . واستعمل الإتيان هنا في الإصابة والحصول على سبيل الاستعارة . والأنباء جمع نبأ ، وهو الخبر الذي ب أهميّة . وأطلق تحقّق نبئِه ، لأنّ النبأ نفسه قد علم من قبل .و { ما كانوا به يستهزئون } هو القرآن ، كقوله تعالى : { ذلكم بأنّكم اتَّخذتم آيات الله هزؤاً } فإنّ القرآن مشتمل على وعيدهم بعذاب الدنيا بالسيف ، وعذاب الآخرة . فتلك أنباءٌ أنبأهم بها فكذبّوه واستهزؤا به فتوعّدهم الله بأنّ تلك الأنباء سيصيبهم مضمونها . فلمّا قال لهم : { ما كانوا به يستهزئون } علموا أنّها أنباء القرآن لأنّهم يعلمون أنّهم يستهزئون بالقرآن وعلم السامعون أنّ هؤلاء كانوا مستهزئين بالقرآن . وتقدّم معنى الاستهزاء عند قوله تعالى في سورة البقرة : { إنّما نحن مستهزئون }.
{ فَقَدْ كَذَّبُوا بِالْحَقِّ لَمَّا جَاءَهُمْ } والحق حقه أن يتبع، ويشكر الله على تيسيره لهم، وإتيانهم به، فقابلوه بضد ما يجب مقابلته به فاستحقوا العقاب الشديد. { فَسَوْفَ يَأْتِيهِمْ أَنْبَاءُ مَا كَانُوا بِهِ يَسْتَهْزِئُونَ } أي: فسوف يرون ما استهزأوا به، أنه الحق والصدق، ويبين الله للمكذبين كذبهم وافتراءهم، وكانوا يستهزئون بالبعث والجنة والنار، فإذا كان يوم القيامة قيل للمكذبين: { هَذِهِ النَّارُ الَّتِي كُنتُم بِهَا تُكَذِّبُونَ } وقال تعالى: { وَأَقْسَمُوا بِاللَّهِ جَهْدَ أَيْمَانِهِمْ لَا يَبْعَثُ اللَّهُ مَنْ يَمُوتُ بَلَى وَعْدًا عَلَيْهِ حَقًّا وَلَكِنَّ أَكْثَرَ النَّاسِ لَا يَعْلَمُونَ لِيُبَيِّنَ لَهُمُ الَّذِي يَخْتَلِفُونَ فِيهِ وَلِيَعْلَمَ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا أَنَّهُمْ كَانُوا كَاذِبِينَ }
قوله تعالى : فقد كذبوا يعني مشركي مكة . بالحق يعني القرآن ، وقيل : بمحمد صلى الله عليه وسلم . فسوف يأتيهم أي : يحل بهم العقاب ; وأراد الأنباء - وهي الأخبار - العذاب ; كقولك : اصبر وسوف يأتيك الخبر أي العذاب ; والمراد ما نالهم يوم بدر ونحوه . وقيل : يوم القيامة .
Those who have firmly established themselves in this world, having accumulated many material goods for themselves, and who see the manifestations of their own greatness and popularity around them, are always liable to be a prey to misunderstanding. They look down upon the things God has gathered around the caller of Truth as compared to the things around them. This overweening confidence on their part increases to such an extent that they even become unafraid of God. They make fun of the warning given by the missionary of Truth that, if their arrogance continued, their material achievements would not be able to save them from God’s scourge. Their treatment of the dayee as a non-entity makes his warnings also insignificant. Even historic instances of God’s having destroyed materially well set up people, as if their lives were of no value whatsoever, fail to teach them a lesson. The recurrence of events in which one set of people face decline while another set rises shows that the rule of ‘crime and punishment’ is prevalent here, but man does not learn a lesson from this. The succeeding generations repeat those very same actions as were indulged in by their predecessors, due to which they were destroyed.
In the fifth and the last verse here, further details of this heedlessness have been indicated through some events. It was said: فَقَدْ كَذَّبُوا بِالْحَقِّ لَمَّا جَاءَهُمْ ۖ (So, they have belied the truth when it came to them). The word, ` Al-Haqq' (the truth) here, could mean the Qur'an - and the blessed person of the noble Prophet ﷺ also.
The reason is that he lived his whole life among these Arab tribes. He grew up from a child into a young man and from his youth into his later years right before their eyes. They also knew fully well that the Holy Prophet ﷺ had remained absolutely untaught by any human teacher, so much so that he could not write even his name by himself. The whole Arabia knew him by his appellation of Ummiyy (unlettered, unschooled). For forty years, this was him amongst them. He never demonstrated any marked interest in poetry (a traditional distinction of the age) nor he had any aptitude for formal education and learning. Then, after having completed his forty years, there came a sudden change, an instant flowering of the unimaginable. His blessed tongue became such fountainhead of insights and realities, learning and arts that went on to disarm the best minds of the world. He challenged every eloquent and learned master of words in Arabia to match the Word brought by him. But his' antagonists, who would have not hesitated to sacrifice anything they had - life, wealth, honour, children, family, anything, anytime - just to defeat him, did not have the courage to accept his challenge and, at the least, produce one 'Ayah (verse) like the 'Ayah of the Holy Qur'an.
Thus, the very presence of the Holy Prophet , U1 and the Glorious Qur'an, was a great sign of irrefutable legitimacy. In addition to that, there were thousands of miracles and open signs which came to pass at his blessed hands and which cannot be denied by any sane person. But, those people belied all such signs totally. Therefore, it was said in the verse: فَقَدْ كَذَّبُوا بِالْحَقِّ لَمَّا جَاءَهُمْ ۖ (So, they have belied the truth when it came to them).
Now, pointed out at the conclusion of the verse is the sad end of their effort to falsify truth: فَسَوْفَ يَأْتِيهِمْ أَنبَاءُ مَا كَانُوا بِهِ يَسْتَهْزِئُونَ (Now, there shall come to them the full account of what they have been laughing at). It means that right now these people who are heedless to their fate mock at the miracles and commandments of Allah brought by the Holy Prophet ﷺ and at the all true message that there is a Qiyamah (Doomsday) and Akhirah (Hereafter), but very soon will come the time when all these realities will be before their eyes. There will be a Qiyamah in fact. There will be a Reckoning (Hisab) when everyone will have to account for one's faith and deed - and everyone shall get the reward or punishment for what he or she has done. But, believing and confessing at that time is not going to work for them because that will be no day of deeds - rather, that day will be the day of Retribution. The time to think is now. Allah Almighty has given the respite - a God-sent piece of luck, so to say. Act now, for it is by having faith alone that you will succeed in this world and in the lasting world to come.
(And they) the people of Mecca (denied the Truth) the Qur'an and the sign (when it came unto them) when Muhammad (pbuh) came to them. (But there will) this is a threat of punishment (come unto them the tidings of that which they used to deride) the news of their derision and the punishment of their derision on the Day of Badr and the Day of Uhud as well as on the Day of the Confederates.