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مَا كَانَ لِلَّهِ أَن یَتَّخِذَ مِن وَلَدࣲۖ سُبۡحَـٰنَهُۥۤۚ إِذَا قَضَىٰۤ أَمۡرࣰا فَإِنَّمَا یَقُولُ لَهُۥ كُن فَیَكُونُ ۝٣٥
mā kāna lillahi an yattakhidha min waladin sub'ḥānahu idhā qaḍā amran fa-innamā yaqūlu lahu kun fayakūn
Mary / Maryam (19:35)
Connections 6 single-source 2 commentators

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Abdel Haleem

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it would not befit God to have a child. He is far above that: when He decrees something, He says only, ‘Be,’ and it is
mā kāna lillahi an yattakhidha min waladin sub'ḥānahu idhā qaḍā amran fa-innamā yaqūlu lahu kun fayakūn

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Tafsir Commentary

`Isa is the Servant of Allah and not His Son Allah, the Exalted, says to His Messenger Muhammad ﷺ, `This is the story which We have related to you about `Isa,' upon him be peace. قَوْلَ الْحَقِّ الَّذِى فِيهِ يَمْتُرُونَ ((It is) a statement of truth about which they doubt.) lThis means that the people of falsehood and the people of truth are in disagreement, of those who believe in him and those who disbelieve believe in him. For this reason most of the reciters recited this Ayah with Qawlul-Haqq (statement of truth) as the subject, referring to `Isa himself. `Asim and `Abdullah bin `Amir both recited it Qawlal-Haqq (statement of truth) referring to the story in its entirety that the people differed about. It is reported from Ibn Mas`ud that he recited it as Qalal-Haqqa, which means that he (`Isa) said the truth. The recitation of the Ayah with the Qawlul-Haqq being the subject referring to `Isa, is the most apparent meaning grammatically. It has support for it in the statement of Allah after the story of `Isa, الْحَقُّ مِن رَّبِّكَ فَلاَ تَكُنْ مِّن الْمُمْتَرِينَ ((This is) the truth from your Lord, so be not of those who doubt.) 3:60 When Allah mentioned that He created him as a servant and a Prophet, He extolled Himself, the Most Holy, by saying, مَا كَانَ للَّهِ أَن يَتَّخِذَ مِن وَلَدٍ سُبْحَـنَهُ (It befits not (the majesty of) Allah that He should beget a son. Glorified be He.) Means glory be unto Him, He is far exalted above that which these ignorant, wrongdoing, transgressing people say about Him. إِذَا قَضَى أَمْرًا فَإِنَّمَا يَقُولُ لَهُ كُن فَيَكُونُ (When He decrees a thing, He only says to it: "Be!" -- and it is.) Whenever He wants something, He merely commands it and it happens as He wills. This is as Allah says, إِنَّ مَثَلَ عِيسَى عِندَ اللَّهِ كَمَثَلِ ءَادَمَ خَلَقَهُ مِن تُرَابٍ ثُمَّ قَالَ لَهُ كُن فَيَكُونُ - الْحَقُّ مِن رَّبِّكَ فَلاَ تَكُنْ مِّن الْمُمْتَرِينَ (Verily, the likeness of `Isa before Allah is the likeness of Adam. He created him from dust, then said to him: "Be" -- and he was. (This is) the truth from your Lord, so be not of those who doubt.) 3:59-60 `Isa commanded the Worship of Allah Alone, then the People differed after Him Allah said; وَإِنَّ اللَّهَ رَبِّى وَرَبُّكُمْ فَاعْبُدُوهُ هَـذَا صِرَطٌ مُّسْتَقِيمٌ (And verily, Allah is my Lord and your Lord. So worship Him. That is the straight path.) Among those things which `Isa said to his people while he was in his cradle is that Allah was his Lord and their Lord, and he commanded them to worship Him alone. He said, فَاعْبُدُوهُ هَـذَا صِرَطٌ مُّسْتَقِيمٌ (So worship Him. That is the straight path.) Meaning, "That which I have come to you with from Allah is the straight path." This means that the path is correct; whoever follows it will be rightly guided and whoever opposes it will deviate and go astray. Allah's statement, فَاخْتَلَفَ الاٌّحْزَابُ مِن بَيْنِهِمْ (Then the sects differed,) means that the opinions of the People of the Book differed concerning `Isa even after the explanation of his affair and the clarification of his situation. They disagreed about his being the servant of Allah, His Messenger, and His Word that He cast upon Maryam and a spirit from Himself. So a group of them -- who were the majority of the Jews (may Allah's curses be upon them) -- determined that he was a child of fornication and that his speaking in his cradle was merely sorcery. Another group said that it was Allah Who was speaking (not `Isa). Others said that he (`Isa) was the son of Allah. Some said that he was the third part of a divine trinity with Allah. Yet, others said that he was the servant of Allah and His Messenger. This latter view is the statement of truth, which Allah guided the believers to. A report similar with this meaning has been reported from `Amr bin Maymun, Ibn Jurayj, Qatadah and others from the Salaf (predecessors) and the Khalaf (later generations). Allah said, فَوْيْلٌ لِّلَّذِينَ كَفَرُواْ مِن مَّشْهِدِ يَوْمٍ عَظِيمٍ (so woe unto the disbelievers from the meeting of a great Day.) This is a threat and severe warning for those who lie about Allah, invent falsehood and claim that He (Allah) has a son. However, Allah has given them respite until the Day of Resurrection, and He has delayed their term out of gentleness and confident reliance upon His divine decree overcoming them. Verily, Allah does not hasten the affair of those who disobey Him. This has been related in a Hadith collected in the Two Sahihs, «إِنَّ اللهَ لَيُمْلِي لِلظَّالِمِ حَتَّى إِذَا أَخَذَهُ لَمْ يُفْلِتْه» (Verily, Allah gives respite to the wrongdoer until He seizes him and he will not be able to escape Him.) Then, the Messenger of Allah ﷺ recited the Ayah, وَكَذلِكَ أَخْذُ رَبِّكَ إِذَا أَخَذَ الْقُرَى وَهِىَ ظَـلِمَةٌ إِنَّ أَخْذَهُ أَلِيمٌ شَدِيدٌ (Such is the punishment of your Lord when He punishes the towns while they are doing wrong. Verily, His punishment is painful, (and) severe.) 11:102 In the Two Sahihs it is also reported that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, «لَا أَحَدَ أَصْبَرُ عَلَى أَذىً سَمِعَهُ مِنَ اللهِ، إِنَّهُمْ يَجْعَلُونَ لَهُ وَلَدًا وَهُوَ يَرْزُقُهُمْ وَيُعَافِيهِم» (No one is more patient with something harmful that he hears than Allah. Verily, they attribute to Him a son, while He is the One Who provides them sustenance and good health.) Allah says, وَكَأَيِّن مِّن قَرْيَةٍ أَمْلَيْتُ لَهَا وَهِىَ ظَـلِمَةٌ ثُمَّ أَخَذْتُهَا وَإِلَىَّ الْمَصِيرُ (And many a township did I give respite while it was given to wrongdoing. Then I punished it. And to me is the (final) return (of all).) 22:48 Allah, the Exalted, also says, وَلاَ تَحْسَبَنَّ اللَّهَ غَـفِلاً عَمَّا يَعْمَلُ الظَّـلِمُونَ إِنَّمَا يُؤَخِّرُهُمْ لِيَوْمٍ تَشْخَصُ فِيهِ الأَبْصَـرُ (Consider not that Allah is unaware of that which the wrongdoers do, but He gives them respite up to a Day when the eyes will stare in horror.)14:42 This is the reason that Allah says here, فَوْيْلٌ لِّلَّذِينَ كَفَرُواْ مِن مَّشْهِدِ يَوْمٍ عَظِيمٍ (So woe unto the disbelievers from the meeting of a great Day.) referring to the Day of Resurrection. It has been related in an authentic Hadith that is agreed upon (in Al-Bukhari and Muslim), on the authority of `Ubadah bin As-Samit who said that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, «مَنْ شَهِدَ أَنْ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللهُ وَحْدَهُ لَا شَرِيكَ لَهُ، وَأَنَّ مُحَمَّدًا عَبْدُهُ وَرَسُولُهُ، وَأَنَّ عِيسَى عَبْدُاللهِ وَرَسُولُهُ وَكَلِمَتُهُ أَلْقَاهَا إِلَى مَرْيَمَ وَرُوحٌ مِنْهُ، وَأَنَّ الْجَنَّةَ حَقٌّ وَالنَّارَ حَقٌّ، أَدْخَلَهُ اللهُ الْجَنَّةَ عَلَى مَا كَانَ مِنَ الْعَمَل» (Whoever testifies that there is no deity worthy of worship except Allah alone, Who has no partners, and that Muhammad is His servant and Messenger, and that `Isa was Allah's servant and Messenger, and His Word that He cast upon Maryam, and a spirit from Him, and that Paradise and Hell are both real, then Allah will admit him into Paradise regardless of whatever he did.) أَسْمِعْ بِهِمْ وَأَبْصِرْ يَوْمَ يَأْتُونَنَا لَـكِنِ الظَّـلِمُونَ الْيَوْمَ فِى ضَلَـلٍ مُّبِينٍ
It is not befitting for God to take to Himself a son. Glory be to Him — in affirmation of His being transcendent above doing such a thing. When He decrees a thing that is when He will for it to happen He only says to it ‘Be!’ and it is read fa-yakūnu because of an implied pronoun huwa sc. fa-huwa yakūnu; or read fa-yakūna because of an implied an sc. an yakūna. An example of this is His creating Jesus without his having had a father.
ما كان لله تعالى ولا يليق به أن يتخذ مِن عباده وخَلْقه ولدًا، تنزَّه وتقدَّس عن ذلك، إذا قضى أمرًا من الأمور وأراده، صغيرًا أو كبيرًا، لم يمتنع عليه، وإنما يقول له: "كن"، فيكون كما شاءه وأراده.
"ما كان لله أن يتخذ من ولد سبحانه" أي عما يقول هؤلاء الجاهلون الظالمون المعتدون علوا كبيرا "إذا قضى أمرا فإنما يقول له كن فيكون" أي إذا أراد شيئا فإنما يأمر به فيصير كما يشاء كما قال إن مثل عيسى عند الله كمثل آدم خلقه من تراب ثم قال له كن فيكون الحق من ربك فلا تكن من الممترين".
ثم نزه - سبحانه - ذاته عن أن يكون له ولد فقال : ( مَا كَانَ للَّهِ أَن يَتَّخِذَ مِن وَلَدٍ سُبْحَانَهُ . . . ) أى : ما يصح وما يستقيم وما يتصور فى حقه - تعالى - أن يتخذ ولداً ، لأنه منزه عن ذلك ، لأن الولد إنما يتخذه الفانون للامتداد ، ويتخذه الضعفاء للنصرة ، والله - تعالى - هو الباقى بقاء أبديا ، وهو القوى القادر الذى لا يعجزه شىء .و ( مِن ) فى قوله ( مِن وَلَدٍ ) لتأكيد هذا النفى وتعميمه .وفى معنى هذه الآيات جاءت آيات كثيرة منها قوله - تعالى - فى هذه السورة : ( وَقَالُواْ اتخذ الرحمن وَلَداً لَّقَدْ جِئْتُمْ شَيْئاً إِدّاً تَكَادُ السماوات يَتَفَطَّرْنَ مِنْهُ وَتَنشَقُّ الأرض وَتَخِرُّ الجبال هَدّاً أَن دَعَوْا للرحمن وَلَداً وَمَا يَنبَغِي للرحمن أَن يَتَّخِذَ وَلَداً ) ثم بين - سبحانه - ما يدل على غناه عن الولد والوالد والصاحب والشريك فقال : ( إِذَا قضى أَمْراً فَإِنَّمَا يَقُولُ لَهُ كُن فَيَكُونُ ) أى : لا يتصور فى حقه - سبحانه - اتخاذ الولد ، لأنه إذا أراد قضاء أمر ، فإنما يقول له : كن ، فيكون فى الحال ، بدون تأخير أو تردد .
يقول تعالى ذكره: لقد كفرت الذين قالوا: إن عيسى ابن الله، وأعظموا الفِرية عليه، فما ينبغي لله أن يتخذ ولدا ، ولا يصلح ذلك له ولا يكون، بل كل شيء دونه فخلقه، وذلك نظير قول عمرو بن أحمر:فِـي رأسِ خَلْقَـاءَ مِـنْ عَنقاءَ مُشْرِفَةٍلا يُبْتَغَــى دُونهـا سَـهْلٌ وَلا جَـبَلُ (3)وأن من قوله ( أَنْ يَتَّخِذَ ) في موضع رفع بكان. وقوله: (سُبْحَانَهُ) يقول: تنـزيهًا لله وتبرئة له أن يكون له ما أضاف إليه الكافرون القائلون: عيسى ابن الله. وقوله إِذَا قَضَى أَمْرًا فَإِنَّمَا يَقُولُ لَهُ كُنْ فَيَكُونُ ) يقول جل ثناؤه: إنما ابتدأ الله خلق عيسى ابتداء، وأنشأه إنشاء من غير فحل افتحل أمه، ولكنه قال له ( كُنْ فَيَكُونُ ) لأنه كذلك يبتدع الأشياء ويخترعها، إنما يقول، إذا قضى خلق شيء أو إنشاءه: كن فيكون موجودا حادثا، لا يعظم عليه خلقه، لأنه لا يخلقه بمعاناة وكلفة، ولا ينشئه بمعالجة وشدّة.------------------------الهوامش:(3) البيت لعمر بن أحمر . ( اللسان : عنق ) قال : وأما قول ابن أحمر :فِـي رأْسِ خَلْقـاءَ مِـنْ عَنْقَاءَ مُشْرِفَةٍلا يُبْتَغَــى دُونَهـا سَـهْلٌ وَلا جَـبَلُفإنه يصف جبلا ، يقول : لا ينبغي أن يكون فوقها سهل ولا جبل أحصن منها . أه . قلت : والخلقاء : الصخرة الملساء . العنقاء : البعيدة في السماء . والمشرفة : العالية . ورواية الشطر الثاني في الأصل * مـا ينبغـي دونها سهل ولا جبل *
( ما كان لله أن يتخذ من ولد ) أي : ما كان من صفته اتخاذ الولد . وقيل : اللام منقولة أي : ما كان الله ليتخذ من ولد ، ( سبحانه إذا قضى أمرا ) إذا أراد أن يحدث أمرا ( فإنما يقول له كن فيكون )
مَا كَانَ لِلَّهِ أَنْ يَتَّخِذَ مِنْ وَلَدٍ سُبْحَانَهُ إِذَا قَضَى أَمْرًا فَإِنَّمَا يَقُولُ لَهُ كُنْ فَيَكُونُ (35)وجملة { مَا كَانَ لله أنْ يتَّخِذْ من ولد } تقرير لمعنى العبودية ، أو تفصيل لمضمون جملة { الذي فيه يمترون } فتكون بمنزلة بدل البعض أو الاشتمال منها ، اكتفاءً بإبطال قول النصارى بأن عيسى ابن الله ، لأنه أهم بالإبطال ، إذ هو تقرير لعبودية عيسى وتنزيه لله تعالى عما لا يليق بجلال الألوهيّة من اتخاذ الولد ومن شائبة الشرك ، ولأنه القول الناشيء عن الغلوّ في التقديس ، فكان فيما ذكر من صفات المدح لعيسى ما قد يقوي شبهتهم فيه بخلاف قول اليهود فقد ظهر بطلانه بما عُدد لعيسى من صفات الخير .وصيغة { ما كان لله أن يتّخذ } تفيد انتفاء الولد عنه تعالى بأبلغ وجه لأنّ لام الجحود تفيد مبالغة النّفي ، وأنه مما لا يلاقي وجود المنفي عنه ، ولأن في قوله : { أن يتخذَ } إشارة إلى أنه لو كان له ولد لكان هو خَلَقَه ، واتّخذه فلم يَعْدُ أن يكون من جملة مخلوقاته ، فإثبات البنوّة له خُلْف من القَوْل .وجملة { إذا قَضَى أمراً إنما يَقُولُ لهُ كُن فيَكُونُ } بيان لجملة { ما كان لله أن يتَّخِذ من ولدٍ } ، لإبطال شبهة النصارى إذ جعلوا تكوين إنسان بأمر التكوين عن غير سبب معتاد دليلاً على أن المكوّن ابن لله تعالى ، فأشارت الآية إلى أن هذا يقتضي أن تكون أصول الموجودات أبناء لله وإن كان ما يقتضيه لا يخرج عن الخضوع إلى أمر التكوين .
فــ { مَا كَانَ لِلَّهِ أَنْ يَتَّخِذَ مِنْ وَلَدٍ ْ} أي: ما ينبغي ولا يليق، لأن ذلك من الأمور المستحيلة، لأنه الغني الحميد، المالك لجميع الممالك، فكيف يتخذ من عباده ومماليكه، ولدا؟! { سُبْحَانَهُ ْ} أي: تنزه وتقدس عن الولد والنقص، { إِذَا قَضَى أَمْرًا ْ} أي: من الأمور الصغار والكبار، لم يمتنع، عليه ولم يستصعب { فَإِنَّمَا يَقُولُ لَهُ كُنْ فَيَكُونُ ْ} فإذا كان قدره ومشيئته نافذا في العالم العلوي والسفلي، فكيف يكون له ولد؟".وإذا كان إذا أراد شيئا قال له: { كُن فَيَكُونُ ْ} فكيف يستبعد إيجاده عيسى من غير أب؟!."
قوله تعالى : ما كان لله أي ما ينبغي له ولا يجوز أن يتخذ من ولد ( من ) صلة للكلام ؛ أي أن يتخذ ولدا . و ( أن ) في موضع رفع اسم كان أي ما كان لله أن يتخذ ولدا ؛ أي ما كان من صفته اتخاذ الولد ، ثم نزه نفسه تعالى عن مقالتهم فقال : سبحانه أن يكون له ولد . إذا قضى أمرا فإنما يقول له كن فيكون تقدم في سورة ( البقرة ) مستوفى .
The miraculous birth of Jesus was an extraordinary event; trying to explain it, Christian scholars have formulated peculiar dogmas. But there is always a limit one cannot cross in offering explanations; to account for the Messiah’s extraordinary birth by suggesting that he is the son of God definitely amounts to going beyond all limits, because attributing children to God negates the very concept of the unity of God. Quite apart from this, there are innumerable extraordinary and wonderful events in the universe that we see every day. In fact, every single thing in this world is in itself a kind of marvel. Now, if anyone comes across anything of this nature, he must realize that God has created it, just as He has created other countless wonders.
Commentary ذَٰلِكَ عِيسَى ابْنُ مَرْ‌يَمَ "This is ` Isa, the son of Maryam." - 19:34. The beliefs of the Jews and the Christians about Sayyidna ` Isa (علیہ السلام) were on such opposite extremes that the Christians exalted him to such a level of reverence that they regarded him as the son of Allah. The Jews on the other hand, denigrated him maliciously and called him (God forbid) the illegitimate son of Yusuf (Joseph) the carpenter. Allah Ta` ala has pointed out the error of both the views in these verses and clarified the correct position. The phrase قَوْلَ الْحَقِّ (translated in the text as 'the word of truth' in the normal reading is with fathah on the letter Lam (لَ ). In this case the sentence along with its understood words will run like اَقُولُ قَولَ الحَقِّ that is, 'I say the word of truth'. However, in some readings the letter 'Lam' in 'Qawl' is rendered with Dammah i.e. قَوْلُ الْحَقِّ. In this case the sentence will mean that Sayyidna 'Isa (علیہا السلام) himself was a word of truth. It is, then, analogous to the title of کَلِمَۃُ اللہِ (the word of Allah) which is given to him to denote that he was born directly by the word of Allah, having no connection with an apparent cause in this world. (Qurtubi)
(It befitteth not (the Majesty of) Allah that He should take unto Himself a son Glory be to Him!) Allah absolves Himself from taking a son or partner. (When He decreeth a thing) when He wants to create a son without a father, (He saith unto it only: Be! and it is) a son without a father, just like Jesus.