The Criterion, The Standard — Verse 49
25:49 · al-Furqan
Verse display
لِّنُحۡـِۧیَ بِهِۦ بَلۡدَةࣰ مَّیۡتࣰا وَنُسۡقِیَهُۥ مِمَّا خَلَقۡنَاۤ أَنۡعَـٰمࣰا وَأَنَاسِیَّ كَثِیرࣰا ٤٩
linuḥ'yiya bihi baldatan maytan wanus'qiyahu mimmā khalaqnā anʿāman wa-anāsiyya kathīra
The Criterion, The Standard / al-Furqan (25:49)
Connections 5 multi-source 3 single-source 4 commentators
Multi-source connections cited by 2+ commentators
Single-source mentions (3) cited by only one commentator
By commentator who cites how many verses on this ayah
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Al-Qushairi Tafsir 5 verses 10 mentions total
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Kashani Tafsir 5 verses 10 mentions total
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Kashf Al-Asrar Tafsir 5 verses
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Tafsir Ibn Kathir (abridged) 3 verses
Note: these connections are extracted from numeric S:A references inside the commentary text and are therefore biased toward mufassirun who use that notation. Prose-style references (e.g. "Surat al-Baqarah verse 30") will be added later, which should surface additional multi-source consensus.
so that We can revive a dead land with it, and We give it as a drink to many animals and people We have created
linuḥ'yiya bihi baldatan maytan wanus'qiyahu mimmā khalaqnā anʿāman wa-anāsiyya kathīra
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Tafsir Commentary
This is also part of His complete power and supreme authority:
Allah sends the winds as heralds of glad tidings, i.e., they bring the clouds behind them. The winds are of many different types, depending on the purpose for which they are sent. Some of them form the clouds, others carry the clouds or drive them, and others come ahead of the clouds as heralds announcing their coming. Some of them come before that to stir up the earth, and some of them fertilize or "seed" the clouds to make it rain. Allah says:
وَأَنزَلْنَا مِنَ السَّمَآءِ مَآءً طَهُوراً
(and We send down pure water from the sky), meaning, as a means of purifying it. Abu Sa`id said, "It was said: "O Messenger of Allah, can we perform Wudu' with the water of the well of Buda`ah For it is a well in which rubbish and the flesh of dogs are thrown. He said:
«إِنَّ الْمَاءَ طَهُورٌ لَا يُنَجِّسُهُ شَيْء»
(Water is pure and nothing makes it impure.) This was recorded by Ash-Shafi`i and Ahmad, who graded it Sahih, and also by Abu Dawud and At-Tirmidhi, who graded it Hasan, and by An-Nasa'i. His saying:
لِّنُحْيِىَ بِهِ بَلْدَةً مَّيْتاً
(That We may give life thereby to a dead land,) means, a land that waited a long time for rain. It is devoid of vegetation or anything at all. When the rain comes to it, it becomes alive and its hills are covered with all kinds of colorful flowers, as Allah says:
فَإِذَآ أَنزَلْنَا عَلَيْهَا الْمَآءَ اهْتَزَّتْ وَرَبَتْ
(but when We send down water to it, it is stirred to life and growth...) (41:39). His saying:
وَنُسْقِيَهِ مِمَّا خَلَقْنَآ أَنْعَـماً وَأَنَاسِىَّ كَثِيراً
(and We give to drink thereof many of the cattle and men that We had created. ) means, so that animals such as cattle can drink from it, and people who are in desperate need of water can drink from it and water their crops and fruits. This is like the Ayah:
وَهُوَ الَّذِى يُنَزِّلُ الْغَيْثَ مِن بَعْدِ مَا قَنَطُواْ
(And He it is Who sends down the rain after they have despaired,) (42:28)
فَانظُرْ إِلَى ءَاثَـرِ رَحْمَةِ اللَّهِ كَيْفَ يُحْىِ الاٌّرْضَ بَعْدَ مَوْتِهَآ
(Look then at the effects of Allah's mercy, how He revives the earth after its death.) (30:50) His saying:
وَلَقَدْ صَرَّفْنَـهُ بَيْنَهُمْ لِيَذَّكَّرُواْ
(And indeed We have distributed it among them in order that they may remember) means, `We cause rain to fall on this land and not on that, and We cause the clouds to pass over one land and go to another, where We cause sufficient rain to fall so that its people have plenty, but not one drop falls on the first land.' There is a reason and great wisdom behind this. Ibn `Abbas and Ibn Mas`ud, may Allah be pleased with them said: "One year does not have more rain than another, but Allah distributes the rain as He wills. Then he recited this Ayah:
وَلَقَدْ صَرَّفْنَـهُ بَيْنَهُمْ لِيَذَّكَّرُواْ فَأَبَى أَكْثَرُ النَّاسِ إِلاَّ كُفُوراً
(And indeed We have distributed it (rain or water) amongst them in order that they may remember the grace of Allah, but most men refuse (out of) ingratitude. )" meaning, so that they may be reminded, when Allah brings the dead earth back to life, that He is able to bring the dead and dry bones back to life, or that those from whom rain is withheld are suffering this because of some sin they have committed, so that they may give it up.
فَأَبَى أَكْثَرُ النَّاسِ إِلاَّ كُفُورًا
(but most men refuse (out of) ingratitude.) `Ikrimah said, "This refers to those who say that rain comes because of such and such a star." This view of `Ikrimah is similar to the authentic Hadith recorded in Sahih Muslim; one day after a night's rain, the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said to his Companions:
«أَتَدْرُونَ مَاذَا قَالَ رَبُّكُمْ؟»
(Do you know what your Lord says) They said: "Allah and His Messenger know best." He said:
«قَالَ: أَصْبَحَ مِنْ عِبَادِي مُؤْمِنٌ بِي وَكَافِرٌ، فَأَمَّا مَنْ قَالَ: مُطِرْنَا بِفَضْلِ اللهِ وَرَحْمَتِهِ فَذَاكَ مُؤْمِنٌ بِي، كَافِرٌ بِالْكَوْكَبِ، وَأَمَّا مَنْ قَالَ: مُطِرْنَا بِنَوْءِ كَذَا وَكَذَا، فَذَاكَ كَافِرٌ بِي، مُؤْمِنٌ بِالْكَوْكَب»
(He says: "This morning some of My servants became believers in Me, and some became disbelievers. As for the one who said, `We have been given rain by the mercy and grace of Allah,' he is a believer in Me and a disbeliever in the stars. As for the one who said, `We have been given rain by such and such a star,' he is a disbeliever in Me and a believer in the stars.")
with which We revive a dead land read maytan in the softened form equally valid for the masculine and the feminine but in the masculine here because of the masculine noun indicating ‘place’ implicit therein and We give it the water as drink to the many cattle camels cows and sheep and humans We have created anāsiyy is the plural of insān properly it the plural should be anāsīn but the final nūn has been replaced with a yā’ with which the other yā’ has been assimilated; or it anāsiyy is simply the plural of insiyy.
And He it is who has sent the winds, bearing good news before His mercy. And We sent down from heaven pure water. This is an allusion to the wind of kind favor from the direction of solicitude, which blows over the hearts of the faithful to sweep away completely the rubbish of opposition and the varieties of opacity. Then the hearts will be worthy of receiving the generous arrivals from the Real. When the scent of the repose of those winds reaches the breast of the servants, they seek for increase in those influxes and search out the fragrance of those arrivals and that solicitude. In loving kindness and gentleness, the Exalted Lord opens four doors for them: The door of beautiful doing, the door of blessings, the door of obedience, and the door of love. By virtue of mortal nature the servant enters the road of his own ingratitude, for Surely man is ungrateful to his Lord [100:6], so he closes the door of beautiful doing to himself. The Real sends the messenger of generosity with the key of disregard and pardon: “I will curtain your ugly-doing with My mercy, for I am the kind Master and you are the weak servant.” That is His words, “He it is who accepts repentance from His servants and pardons the ugly deeds” [42:25]. In the same way, the Exalted Lord opens the door of blessings for the servant. The servant comes forward with ingratitude, for Surely man is a clear ingrate [43:15], so he closes that door to himself with shortcoming in giving thanks. The Real sends the messenger of bounty with the key of favor and says, “Though you have fallen short in giving thanks, I do not fall short in My kind-ness.” That is His words, “In the bounty of God, and His mercy [in that let them rejoice]” [10:58]. The third door that God opens for the servant is the door of obedience. The servant closes that door to himself with disobedience. The Real sends the messenger of forgiveness with the key of repentance: “When you commit a sin, I will forgive you, and I do not care.” That is His words, “Surely God forgives the sins altogether” [39:53]. The fourth is the door of love, which God opens for the servant with His own bounty.
And He it is who has sent the winds, bearing good news before His mercy. And We sent down from heaven pure water. This is an allusion to the wind of kind favor from the direction of solicitude, which blows over the hearts of the faithful to sweep away completely the rubbish of opposition and the varieties of opacity. Then the hearts will be worthy of receiving the generous arrivals from the Real. When the scent of the repose of those winds reaches the breast of the servants, they seek for increase in those influxes and search out the fragrance of those arrivals and that solicitude. In loving kindness and gentleness, the Exalted Lord opens four doors for them: The door of beautiful doing, the door of blessings, the door of obedience, and the door of love. By virtue of mortal nature the servant enters the road of his own ingratitude, for Surely man is ungrateful to his Lord [100:6], so he closes the door of beautiful doing to himself. The Real sends the messenger of generosity with the key of disregard and pardon: “I will curtain your ugly-doing with My mercy, for I am the kind Master and you are the weak servant.” That is His words, “He it is who accepts repentance from His servants and pardons the ugly deeds” [42:25]. In the same way, the Exalted Lord opens the door of blessings for the servant. The servant comes forward with ingratitude, for Surely man is a clear ingrate [43:15], so he closes that door to himself with shortcoming in giving thanks. The Real sends the messenger of bounty with the key of favor and says, “Though you have fallen short in giving thanks, I do not fall short in My kind-ness.” That is His words, “In the bounty of God, and His mercy [in that let them rejoice]” [10:58]. The third door that God opens for the servant is the door of obedience. The servant closes that door to himself with disobedience. The Real sends the messenger of forgiveness with the key of repentance: “When you commit a sin, I will forgive you, and I do not care.” That is His words, “Surely God forgives the sins altogether” [39:53]. The fourth is the door of love, which God opens for the servant with His own bounty.
And He it is who has sent the winds, bearing good news before His mercy. And We sent down from heaven pure water. This is an allusion to the wind of kind favor from the direction of solicitude, which blows over the hearts of the faithful to sweep away completely the rubbish of opposition and the varieties of opacity. Then the hearts will be worthy of receiving the generous arrivals from the Real. When the scent of the repose of those winds reaches the breast of the servants, they seek for increase in those influxes and search out the fragrance of those arrivals and that solicitude. In loving kindness and gentleness, the Exalted Lord opens four doors for them: The door of beautiful doing, the door of blessings, the door of obedience, and the door of love. By virtue of mortal nature the servant enters the road of his own ingratitude, for Surely man is ungrateful to his Lord [100:6], so he closes the door of beautiful doing to himself. The Real sends the messenger of generosity with the key of disregard and pardon: “I will curtain your ugly-doing with My mercy, for I am the kind Master and you are the weak servant.” That is His words, “He it is who accepts repentance from His servants and pardons the ugly deeds” [42:25]. In the same way, the Exalted Lord opens the door of blessings for the servant. The servant comes forward with ingratitude, for Surely man is a clear ingrate [43:15], so he closes that door to himself with shortcoming in giving thanks. The Real sends the messenger of bounty with the key of favor and says, “Though you have fallen short in giving thanks, I do not fall short in My kind-ness.” That is His words, “In the bounty of God, and His mercy [in that let them rejoice]” [10:58]. The third door that God opens for the servant is the door of obedience. The servant closes that door to himself with disobedience. The Real sends the messenger of forgiveness with the key of repentance: “When you commit a sin, I will forgive you, and I do not care.” That is His words, “Surely God forgives the sins altogether” [39:53]. The fourth is the door of love, which God opens for the servant with His own bounty.
And He it is who has sent the winds, bearing good news before His mercy. And We sent down from heaven pure water. This is an allusion to the wind of kind favor from the direction of solicitude, which blows over the hearts of the faithful to sweep away completely the rubbish of opposition and the varieties of opacity. Then the hearts will be worthy of receiving the generous arrivals from the Real. When the scent of the repose of those winds reaches the breast of the servants, they seek for increase in those influxes and search out the fragrance of those arrivals and that solicitude. In loving kindness and gentleness, the Exalted Lord opens four doors for them: The door of beautiful doing, the door of blessings, the door of obedience, and the door of love. By virtue of mortal nature the servant enters the road of his own ingratitude, for Surely man is ungrateful to his Lord [100:6], so he closes the door of beautiful doing to himself. The Real sends the messenger of generosity with the key of disregard and pardon: “I will curtain your ugly-doing with My mercy, for I am the kind Master and you are the weak servant.” That is His words, “He it is who accepts repentance from His servants and pardons the ugly deeds” [42:25]. In the same way, the Exalted Lord opens the door of blessings for the servant. The servant comes forward with ingratitude, for Surely man is a clear ingrate [43:15], so he closes that door to himself with shortcoming in giving thanks. The Real sends the messenger of bounty with the key of favor and says, “Though you have fallen short in giving thanks, I do not fall short in My kind-ness.” That is His words, “In the bounty of God, and His mercy [in that let them rejoice]” [10:58]. The third door that God opens for the servant is the door of obedience. The servant closes that door to himself with disobedience. The Real sends the messenger of forgiveness with the key of repentance: “When you commit a sin, I will forgive you, and I do not care.” That is His words, “Surely God forgives the sins altogether” [39:53]. The fourth is the door of love, which God opens for the servant with His own bounty.
And He it is who has sent the winds, bearing good news before His mercy. And We sent down from heaven pure water.This is an allusion to the wind of kind favor from the direction of solicitude, which blows over the hearts of the faithful to sweep away completely the rubbish of opposition and the varieties of opacity. Then the hearts will be worthy of receiving the generous arrivals from the Real. When the scent of the repose of those winds reaches the breast of the servants, they seek for increase in those influxes and search out the fragrance of those arrivals and that solicitude. In loving kindness and gentleness, the Exalted Lord opens four doors for them: The door of beautiful doing, the door of blessings, the door of obedience, and the door of love.By virtue of mortal nature the servant enters the road of his own ingratitude, for Surely man is ungrateful to his Lord [100:6], so he closes the door of beautiful doing to himself. The Real sends the messenger of generosity with the key of disregard and pardon: �I will curtain your ugly-doing with My mercy, for I am the kind Master and you are the weak servant.� That is His words, �He it is who accepts repentance from His servants and pardons the ugly deeds� [42:25].In the same way, the Exalted Lord opens the door of blessings for the servant. The servant comes forward with ingratitude, for Surely man is a clear ingrate [43:15], so he closes that door to himself with shortcoming in giving thanks. The Real sends the messenger of bounty with the key of favor and says, �Though you have fallen short in giving thanks, I do not fall short in My kind-ness.� That is His words, �In the bounty of God, and His mercy [in that let them rejoice]� [10:58]. The third door that God opens for the servant is the door of obedience. The servant closes that door to himself with disobedience. The Real sends the messenger of forgiveness with the key of repentance: �When you commit a sin, I will forgive you, and I do not care.� That is His words,�Surely God forgives the sins altogether� [39:53].The fourth is the door of love, which God opens for the servant with His own bounty.
وهو الذي أرسل الرياح التي تحمل السحاب، تبشر الناس بالمطر رحمة منه، وأنزلنا من السماء ماء يُتَطَهَّر به؛ لنخرج به النبات في مكان لا نبات فيه، فيحيا البلد الجدب بعد موات، ونُسْقي ذلك الماء مِن خَلْقِنا كثيرًا من الأنعام والناس.
وقوله تعالى: "لنحيي به بلدة ميتا" أي أرضا قد طال انتظارها للغيث فهي هامدة لا نبات فيها ولا شيء فلما جاءها الحياء عاشت واكتست رباها أنواع الأزاهير والألوان كما قال تعالى: "فإذا أنزلنا عليها الماء اهتزت وربت" الآية: "ونسقيه مما خلقنا أنعاما وأناسي كثيرا" أي وليشرب منه الحيوان من أنعام وأناسي محتاجين إليه غاية الحاجة لشربهم وزروعهم وثمارهم كما قال تعالى: "وهو الذي ينزل الغيث من بعد ما قنطوا" الآية وقال تعالى: "فانظر إلى آثار رحمة الله كيف يحيي الأرض بعد موتها" الآية.
وقوله - تعالى - : ( لِّنُحْيِيَ بِهِ بَلْدَةً مَّيْتاً وَنُسْقِيَهُ مِمَّا خَلَقْنَآ أَنْعَاماً وَأَنَاسِيَّ كَثِيراً ) .أى : أنزلنا من السماء ماء طهورا ، لنحيى بهذا الماء بلدة ، أى : أرضا جدباء لا نبات فيها لعدم نزول المطر عليها ، ولكى نسقى بهذا الماء أيضا " أنعاما " أى : إبلا وبقرا وغنما " وأناسى كثيرا " أى : وعددا كثيرا من الناس . فالأناسى : جمع إنسان واصله أناسين فقلبت نونه ياء وأدغمت فيما قبلها .وقدم - سبحانه - إحياء الأرض ، لأن خروج النبات منها بسبب المطر تتوقف عليه حياة الناس والأنعام وغيرهما .وخص الأنعام بالذكر ، لأن مدار معاشهم عليها ، ولذا قدم سقيها على سقيهم .قال صاحب الكشاف : فإن قلت : لم خص الأنعام من بين ما خلق من الحيوان الشارب؟قلت : لأن الطير والوحش تبعد فى طلب الماء فلا يعوزها الشرب بخلاف الأنعام . .فإن قلت : فما معنى تنكير الأنعام والأناسى وصفها بالكثرة .قلت : معنى ذلك أن عِلْيَة الناس وجلهم مُنيخون بالقرب من الأودية والأنهار ومنابع الماء ، فيهم غنية عن سقى السماء ، وأعقابهم - وهم كثير منهم - لا يعيشهم إلا ما ينزل الله من رحمته وسقيا سمائه .فإن قلت : لم قدم إحياء الأرض وسقى الأنعام على سقى الأناسى؟قلت : لأن حياة الأناسى بحياة أرضهم وحياة أنعامهم ، فقدم ما هو سبب حياتهم وتعيشهم على سقيهم ، ولأنهم إذا ظفروا بما يكون سقيا لأرضهم ومواشيهم لم يعدموا سقياهم .
( لِنُحْيِيَ بِهِ بَلْدَةً مَيْتًا ) يعني أرضا قَحِطة عذية لا تُنبت. وقال: ( بَلْدَةً مَيْتًا ) ولم يقل ميتة, لأنه أريد بذلك لنحيي به موضعًا ومكانًا ميتًا( وَنُسْقِيَهُ ) من خلقنا( أَنْعَامًا ) من البهائم ( وَأَنَاسِيَّ كَثِيرًا ) يعني الأناسيّ: جمع إنسان وجمع أناسي, فجعل الياء عوضا من النون التي في إنسان, وقد يجمع إنسان: إناسين, كما يجمع النَشْيان (2) نشايين. فإن قيل: أناسيّ جمع واحده إنسيّ, فهو مذهب أيضًا محكي, وقد يجمع أناسي مخففة الياء, وكأن من جمع ذلك كذلك أسقط الياء التي بين عين الفعل ولامه, كما يجمع القرقور: قراقير وقراقر. ومما يصحح جمعهم إياه بالتخفيف, قول العرب: أناسية كثيرة.-----------------------الهوامش:(2) يقال : رجل نشوان ، من السكر ؛ ونشيان للخبر : يختبر الأخبار أول ورودها ، ويبحث عنها . وأصلها الواو .
قوله - عز وجل - : ) ( لنحيي به ) أي : بالمطر ، ( بلدة ميتا ) ولم يقل : " ميتة " لأنه رجع به إلى الموضع والمكان ، ( ونسقيه مما خلقنا أنعاما ) أي : نسقي من ذلك الماء أنعاما ، ( وأناسي كثيرا ) أي : بشرا كثيرا ، والأناسي : [ جمع أنسي ، وقيل ] جمع إنسان ، وأصله : " أناسين " مثل : بستان وبساتين ، فجعل الياء عوضا عن النون .
لِنُحْيِيَ بِهِ بَلْدَةً مَيْتًا وَنُسْقِيَهُ مِمَّا خَلَقْنَا أَنْعَامًا وَأَنَاسِيَّ كَثِيرًا (49) والبلدة : الأرض . ووصفها بالحياة والموت مجازان للري والجفاف لأن ري الأرض ينشأ عنه النبات وهو يشبه الحي ، وجفاف الأرض يجفّ به النبات فيشبه الميّت .ولماء المطر خاصية الإحياء لكل أرض لأنه لخلّوه من الجراثيم ومن بعض الأجزاء المعدنية والترابية التي تشتمل عليها مياه العيون ومياه الأنهار والأودية كان صالحاً بكل أرض وبكل نبات على اختلاف طباع الأرضين والمنابت .والبلدة : البلد . والبلد يذكر ويؤنث مثل كثير من أسماء أجناس البقاع كما قالوا : دار ودَارة . : ووصفت البلدة بميت ، وهو وصف مذكر لتأويل { بلدة } بمعنى مكان لقصد التخفيف . وقال في «الكشاف» ما معناه : إنه لما دل على المبالغة في الاتصاف بالموت ولم يكن جارياً على أمثلة المبالغة نزّل منزلة الاسم الجامد )أي فلم يغير ). وأحسن من هذا أنه أريد به اسم الميت ، ووصف البلدة به وصف على معنى التشبيه البليغ .وفي قوله { لنحي به بلدة ميتاً } إيماء إلى تقريب إمكان البعث .و { نُسقيه } بضم النون مضارع أسقى مثل الذي بفتح النون فقيل هما لغتان يقال : أسقى وسَقى . قال تعالى : { قالتا لا نَسقي } [ القصص : 23 ] بفتح النون . وقيل : سقى : أعطى الشراب ، وأسقى : هيَّأ الماء للشرب . وهذا القول أسدّ لأن الفروق بين معاني الألفاظ من محاسن اللغة فيكون المعنى هيَّأناه لشرب الأنعام والأناسي فكل من احتاج للشرب شرب منه سواء من شرب ومن لم يشرب .و { أنعاماً } مفعول ثان ل { نسقيه } . وقوله : { مما خلقنا } حال من { أنعاماً وأناسي } . و )مِن )تبعيضية . و )مَا )موصولة ، أي بعض ما خلقناه ، والموصول للإيماء إلى علة الخبر ، أي نسقيهم لأنهم مخلوقات . ففائدة هذا الحال الإشارة إلى رحمة الله بها لأنها خلقه . وفيه إشارة إلى أن أنواعاً أخرى من الخلائق تُسقى بماء السماء ، ولكن الاقتصار على ذكر الأنعام والأناسي لأنهما موقع المنة ، فالأنعام بها صلاح حال البَادين بألبانها وأصوافها وأشعارها ولُحومها ، وهي تشرب من مياه المطر من الأحواض والغدران .والأناسيّ : جمع إنسيّ ، وهو مرادف إنسان . فالياء فيه ليست للنسب . وجُمع على فَعالِيّ مثل كُرسي وكَراسِي .ولو كانت ياؤه نَسب لَجُمع على أنَاسِيَةٍ كما قالوا : صيرفي وصيارفة . ووصف الأناسيّ ب { كثيراً } لأن بعض الأناسيّ لا يشربون من ماء السماء وهم الذين يشربون من مياه الأنهار كالنيل والفرات ، والآبار والصهاريج ، ولذلك وصف العرب بأنهم بنو ماء السماء . فالمنة أخص بهم ، قال زيادة الحارثي :ونحن بنو ماء السماء فلا نرى ... لأنفسنا من دون مملكةٍ قصراًوفي أحاديث ذكر هاجر زوج إبراهيم عليه السلام قال أبو هريرة « فتلك أمّكم يا بني ماءِ السماء » يعني العرب . وماء المطر لنقاوته التي ذكرناها صالح بأمعاء كل الناس وكل الأنعام دون بعض مياه العيون والأنهار .ووصف أناسي وهو جمع بكثير وهو مفرد لأن فعيلاً قد يراد به المتعدد مثل رفيق وكذلك قليل قال تعالى : { واذكروا إذ كنتم قليلاً } [ الأعراف : 86 ] .وتقديم ذكر الأنعام على الأناسيّ اقتضاه نسج الكلام على طريقة الأحكام في تعقيبه بقوله : { ولقد صرفناه بينهم ليذكروا } ، ولو قدم ذكر { أناسيَّ } لتفكك النظم . ولم يقدم ذكر الناس في قوله تعالى : { متاعاً لكم ولأنعامكم } في سورة النازعات )33 )لانتفاء الداعي للتقديم فجاء على أصل الترتيب .وضمير صرفناه } عائد إلى { ماء طهوراً } . والتصريف : التغيير . والمراد هنا تغيير أحوال الماء ، أي مقاديره ومواقعه .وتوكيد الجملة بلام القسم و )قد )لتحقيق التعليل لأن تصرف المطر محقق لا يحتاج إلى التأكيد وإنما الشيء الذي لم يكن لهم علم به هو أن من حكمة تصريفه بين الناس أن يذكُروا نعمة الله تعالى عليهم مع نزوله عليهم وفي حالة إمساكه عنهم ، لأن كثيراً من الناس لا يقدُر قدرَ النعمة إلا عند فقدها فيعلموا أن الله هو الربّ الواحد المختار في خلق الأسباب والمسببات وقد كانوا لا يتدبرون حكمة الخالق ويسندون الآثار إلى مؤثرات وهمية أو صورية .ولما كان التذكر شاملاً لشكر المنعم عليهم بإصابة المطر ولتفطن المحرومين إلى سبب حرمانهم إياه لعلهم يستغفرون ، جيء في التعليل بفعل { ليذكروا } ليكون علة لحالتي التصريف بينهم .وقوله : { فأبى أكثر الناس إلا كفوراً } تركيب جرى بمادّته وهيئته مجرى المَثَل في الإخبار عن تصميم المخبر عنه على ما بعد حرف الاستثناء ، وذلك يقتضي وجود الصارف عن المستثنى ، أي فصمموا على الكفور لا يرجعون عنه لأن الاستثناء من عموم أشياء مبهمة جعلت كلها مما تعلق به الإباء كأنّ الآبين قد عرضت عليهم من الناس أو من خواطرهم أمورٌ وراجعوا فلم يقبلوا منها إلا الكُفور ، وإن لم يكن هنالك عَرض ولا إباء ، ومنه قوله تعالى في سورة براءة : )32 ){ ويأبى الله إلاّ أن يُتِمّ نورَه } ؛ ألاَ ترى أن ذلك استعمل هنا في مقام معارضة المشركين للتوحيد وفي سورة براءة في مقام معارضة أهل الكتاب للإسلام . وشدّةُ الفريقين في كفرهم معلومة مكشوفة ولم يُستعمل في قوله تعالى في سورة الصّفّ : )8 ):
تفسير الآيتين 48 و49 أي: هو وحده الذي رحم عباده وأدر عليهم رزقه بأن أرسل الرياح مبشرات بين يدي رحمته وهو المطر فثار بها السحاب وتألف وصار كسفا وألقحته وأدرته بإذن آمرها والمتصرف فيها ليقع استبشار العباد بالمطر قبل نزوله وليستعدوا له قبل أن يفاجئهم دفعة واحدة. { وَأَنْزَلْنَا مِنَ السَّمَاءِ مَاءً طَهُورًا } يطهر من الحدث والخبث ويطهر من الغش والأدناس، وفيه بركة من بركته أنه أنزله ليحيي به بلدة ميتا فتختلف أصناف النوابت والأشجار فيها مما يأ كل الناس والأنعام. { وَنُسْقِيَهُ مِمَّا خَلَقْنَا أَنْعَامًا وَأَنَاسِيَّ كَثِيرًا } أي: نسقيكموه أنتم وأنعامكم، أليس الذي أرسل الرياح المبشرات وجعلها في عملها متنوعات، وأنزل من السماء ماء طهورا مباركا فيه رزق العباد ورزق بهائمهم، هو الذي يستحق أن يعبد وحده ولا يشرك معه غيره؟
قوله تعالى : لنحيي به بلدة ميتا ونسقيه مما خلقنا أنعاما وأناسي كثيرا .[ ص: 55 ] قوله تعالى : لنحيي به أي بالمطر . بلدة ميتا بالجدوبة والمحل وعدم النبات . قال كعب : المطر روح الأرض يحييها الله به . وقال : ميتا ولم يقل ميتة لأن معنى البلدة والبلد واحد ; قاله الزجاج . وقيل : أراد بالبلد المكان . ونسقيه قراءة العامة بضم النون . وقرأ عمر بن الخطاب وعاصم والأعمش فيما روى المفضل عنهما نسقيه ( بفتح ) النون . مما خلقنا أنعاما وأناسي كثيرا أي بشرا كثيرا . وأناسي واحده إنسي نحو جمع القرقور قراقير وقراقر في قول الأخفش والمبرد وأحد قولي الفراء ; وله قول آخر وهو أن يكون واحده إنسانا ثم تبدل من النون ياء ; فتقول : أناسي ، والأصل أناسين ، مثل سرحان وسراحين ، وبستان وبساتين ; فجعلوا الياء عوضا من النون ، وعلى هذا يجوز سراحي وبساتي ، لا فرق بينهما . قال الفراء : ويجوز أناسي بتخفيف الياء التي فيما بين لام الفعل وعينه ; مثل قراقير وقراقر . وقال كثيرا ولم يقل : كثيرين ; لأن فعيلا قد يراد به الكثرة ; نحو وحسن أولئك رفيقا .
The phenomenon which in the present age is known as the axial rotation of the earth has been set down here in layman’s language. The earth rotates on its axis once in twenty-four hours, due to which day and night follow upon each other. This is a wonderful miracle of Almighty God’s power. Had there been no axial rotation of the earth, half of it would have been continuously under the blazing sun, while the other half would have been continuously enveloped by night. Thus it would have been extremely difficult to live on the earth. There are many lessons in this system of the earth. Just as the light of day necessarily follows the darkness of night; in the same way untruth will be followed by Truth. Similarly, waking up in the morning after sleeping at night is symbolic of resurrection in the life after death. Likewise, there is a lesson hidden in the system of the rains. Just as the dead earth is revived thanks to the rains, so also does God’s guidance instil faith and fear of God in a heart which otherwise would have become as lifeless as an arid land.
وَنُسْقِيَهُ مِمَّا خَلَقْنَا أَنْعَامًا وَأَنَاسِيَّ كَثِيرًا And give drink to the many cattle and humans We have created - 25:49). The word أَنَاسِيَّ is the plural of إنسِیّ and some linguistics have taken it as a plural of إنسَان (both the words mean 'human' ). This verse has described that the rain is a source of irrigation for land, while it serves as a drink for 'many cattle and humans'. The point worth consideration here is why the word 'many' is used which indicates that some human beings do not benefit from it. This question may be answered by saying that the reference here is to the cattle and human beings living in jungles and deserts who directly use the water of rain. As for the urban people, they normally use the water of wells and canals etc.
(That We may give life thereby to a dead land) a land that has no vegetation, (and We give many beasts and men that We have created to drink thereof.