The Troops, Throngs, The Companies — Verse 70

The Blast of the Trumpet, the Judgement and the Recompense Allah tells us about the terrors of the Day of Judgement, with its mighty signs and terrifying upheaval. وَنُفِخَ فِى الصُّورِ فَصَعِقَ مَن فِى السَّمَـوَتِ وَمَن فِى الاٌّرْضِ إِلاَّ مَن شَآءَ اللَّهُ (And the Trumpet will be blown and all who are in the heavens and all who are on the earth will swoon away, except him whom Allah wills.) This will be the second trumpet-blast, which will cause people to die. By this trumpet-blast, everyone who is alive in the heavens and on earth will be caused to die, except for him whom Allah wills. Then the souls of the remaining creatures will be taken, until the last one to die will be the Angel of Death, and there will be left only the Ever Living, Eternal One, Who was there in the beginning and will be at the end, forever. He will say three times, لِّمَنِ الْمُلْكُ الْيَوْمَ ("Whose is the kingdom this day"), then He will answer Himself: لِلَّهِ الْوَحِدِ الْقَهَّارِ ("It is Allah's, the One, the Irresistible!") (40:16). `I am the One existing Alone, I subjugated all things and I decreed that all things must come to an end.' Then the first one to be brought back to life will be Israfil, and Allah will command him to sound the Trumpet again. This will be the third trumpet-blast, the trumpet-blast of Resurrection. Allah says: ثُمَّ نُفِخَ فِيهِ أُخْرَى فَإِذَا هُمْ قِيَامٌ يَنظُرُونَ (Then it will be blown another time, and behold they will be standing, looking on) means, after they have been bones and dust, they will come alive, looking at the terrors of the Day of Resurrection. This is like the Ayat: فَإِنَّمَا هِىَ زَجْرَةٌ وَحِدَةٌ فَإِذَا هُمْبِالسَّاهِرَةِ (But it will be only a single Zajrah, when behold, they find themselves alive.) (79:13-14) يَوْمَ يَدْعُوكُمْ فَتَسْتَجِيبُونَ بِحَمْدِهِ وَتَظُنُّونَ إِن لَّبِثْتُمْ إِلاَّ قَلِيلاً (On the Day when He will call you, and you will respond with His praise, and you will think that you have stayed (in this world) but a little while!) (17:52), and وَمِنْ ءَايَـتِهِ أَن تَقُومَ السَّمَآءُ وَالاٌّرْضُ بِأَمْرِهِ ثُمَّ إِذَا دَعَاكُمْ دَعْوَةً مِّنَ الاٌّرْضِ إِذَآ أَنتُمْ تَخْرُجُونَ (And among His signs is that the heaven and the earth stand by His command. Then afterwards when He will call you by a single call, behold, you will come out from the earth.) (30:25) Imam Ahmad recorded that a man said to `Abdullah bin `Amr, may Allah be pleased with him, "You say that the Hour will come at such and such time." He said, "I thought that I would not narrate to you anymore. All that I said was that after a little while you would see something of great importance." `Abdullah bin `Amr, may Allah be pleased with him, said, "The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: «يَخْرُجُ الدَّجَّالُ فِي أُمَّتِي فَيَمْكُثُ فِيهِمْ أَرْبَعِينَ (The Dajjal will emerge in my Ummah and he will stay among them for forty. ) I do not know whether he said forty days or forty months or forty years or forty nights. «فَيَبْعَثُ اللهُ تَعَالَى عِيسَى ابْنَ مَرْيَمَ عَلَيْهِ الصَّلَاةُ وَالسَّلَامُ، كَأَنَّهُ عُرْوَةُ بْنُ مَسْعُودٍ الثَّقَفِيُّ، فَيَظْهَرُ فَيُهْلِكُهُ اللهُ تَعَالَى، ثُمَّ يَلْبَثُ النَّاسُ بَعْدَهُ سِنِينَ سَبْعًا، لَيْسَ بَيْنَ اثْنَيْنِ عَدَاوَةٌ، ثُمَّ يُرْسِلُ اللهُ تَعَالَى رِيحًا بَارِدَةً مِنْ قِبَلِ الشَّامِ، فَلَا يَبْقَى أَحَدٌ فِي قَلْبِهِ مِثْقَالُ ذَرَّةٍ مِنْ إِيمَانٍ إِلَّا قَبَضَتْهُ، حَتْى لَوْ أَنَّ أَحَدَهُمْ كَانَ فِي كَبِدِ جَبَلٍ لَدَخَلَتْ عَلَيْه» (Then Allah will send `Isa bin Maryam, peace be upon him, who resembles `Urwah bin Mas`ud Ath-Thaqafi, and he will prevail. Allah will destroy him (the Dajjal), then after that mankind will live for seven years with no enmity between any two people. Then Allah will send a cool wind from the direction of Ash-Sham, which will take the soul of every person who has even a speck of faith in his heart; even if one of them were to be inside the heart of a mountain, it would enter upon him.)" He said, "I heard it from the Messenger of Allah ﷺ: «وَيَبْقَى شِرَارُ النَّاسِ فِي خِفَّةِ الطَّيْرِ وَأَحْلَامِ السِّبَاع، لَا يَعْرِفُونَ مَعْرُوفًا، وَلَا يُنْكِرُونَ مُنْكَرًا، قال: فَيَتَمَثَّلُ لَهُمُ الشَّيْطَانُ فَيَقُولُ: أَلَا تَسْتَجِيبُونَ؟ فَيَأْمُرُهُمْ بِعِبَادَةِ الْأَوْثَانِ فَيَعْبُدُونَهَا، وَهُمْ فِي ذَلِكَ دَارَّةٌ أَرْزَاقُهُمْ، حَسَنٌ عَيْشُهُمْ، ثُمَّ يُنْفَخُ فِي الصُّورِ، فَلَا يَسْمَعُهُ أَحَدٌ إِلَّا أَصْغَى لَهُ، وَأَوَّلُ مَنْ يَسْمَعُهُ، رَجُلٌ يَلُوطُ حَوْضَهُ فَيَصْعَقُ، ثُمَّ لَا يَبْقَى أَحَدٌ إِلَّا صَعِقَ، ثُمَّ يُرْسِلُ اللهُ تَعَالَى أَوْ يُنْزِلُ اللهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ مَطَرًا كَأَنَّهُ الطَّلُّ أَوِ الظِّلُّ شك نعمان فَتَنْبُتُ مِنْهُ أَجْسَادُ النَّاسِ، ثُمَّ يُنْفَخُ فِيهِ أُخْرَى فَإِذَا هُمْ قِيَامٌ يَنْظُرُونَ، ثُمَّ يُقَالُ: أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ هَلُمُّوا إِلى رَبِّكُمْ وَقِفُوهُمْ إِنَّهُمْ مَّسْئُولُونَ (There will be left the most evil of people, as light as birds and with the hard hearts of wild predators. They will not recognize any good or denounce any evil. Then Shaytan will appear to them and say, "Will you not obey me" Then he will command them to worship idols and they will worship them. At that time they will have ample provision and a good standard of living. Then the Trumpet will be blown, and no one will hear it but he will tilt his head to listen. The first one to hear it will be a man who is filling his water trough, and he will die when he hears it. Then there will be no one left who has not died. Then Allah will send) -- or -- send down (rain like drizzle) -- or -- shade -- An-Nu`man one of the narrators was not sure of its wording (from which the bodies of the people will grow. Then the Trumpet will be blown once more, and they will be standing, looking on. Then it will be said, "O mankind, come to your Lord, (But stop them, verily, they are to be questioned) (37:24). Then it will be said, «أَخْرِجُوا بَعْثَ النَّارِ، قال: فيُقَالُ: كَمْ؟ فَيُقَالُ: مِنْ كُلِّ أَلْفٍ تِسْعَمِائَةٍ وَتِسْعَةً وَتِسْعِينَ، فَيَوْمَئِذٍ يُبْعَثُ الْوِلْدَانُ شِيبًا، وَيَوْمَئِذٍ يُكْشَفُ عَنْ سَاق» ("Send forth the people of Hell." It will be said, "How many" It will said, "From every thousand, nine hundred and ninety- nine." On that Day, children will be resurrected gray-haired, and on that Day the Shin will be laid bare.)" This was recorded by Muslim in his Sahih. Al-Bukhari recorded that Abu Hurayrah, may Allah be pleased with him, said that the Prophet said: «مَا بَيْنَ النَّفْخَتَيْنِ أَرْبَعُون» (Between the two blasts, there will be only forty. ) They said, "O Abu Hurayrah, forty days" He, may Allah be pleased with him, said, "I do not know." They said, "Forty years" He said, "I do not know." They said, "Forty months" He said, "I do not know." «وَيَبْلَى كُلُّ شَيْءٍ مِنَ الْإِنْسَانِ إِلَّا عَجْبَ ذَنَبِهِ فِيهِ يُرَكَّبُ الْخَلْق» (Every part of a man will disinegrate apart from the root of his backbone, and out of that he will be created anew.) وَأَشْرَقَتِ الاٌّرْضُ بِنُورِ رَبِّهَا (And the earth will shine with the light of its Lord,) means, it will shine brightly on the Day of Resurrection when the Truth (Allah), may He be glorified and exalted, manifests Himself to His creation, to pass judgement. وَوُضِعَ الْكِتَـبُ (and the Book will be presented). Qatadah said, "The Book of deeds." وَجِـىءَ بِالنَّبِيِّيْنَ (and the Prophets will be brought forward,) Ibn `Abbas, may Allah be pleased with him, said, "They will bear witness against the nations, testifying that they conveyed the Message of Allah to them." وَالشُّهَدَآءُ (and the witnesses) means, witnesses from among the angels who record the deeds of all, good and evil alike. وَقُضِىَ بَيْنَهُمْ بِالْحَقِّ (and it will be judged between them with truth, ) means, with justice. وَهُمْ لاَ يُظْلَمُونَ (and they will not be wronged.) Allah says: وَنَضَعُ الْمَوَزِينَ الْقِسْطَ لِيَوْمِ الْقِيَـمَةِ فَلاَ تُظْلَمُ نَفْسٌ شَيْئاً وَإِن كَانَ مِثْقَالَ حَبَّةٍ مِّنْ خَرْدَلٍ أَتَيْنَا بِهَا وَكَفَى بِنَا حَـسِبِينَ (And We shall setup Balances of justice on the Day of Resurrection, then none will be dealt with unjustly in anything. And if there be the weight of a mustard seed, We will bring it. And Sufficient are We to take account.) (21:47) إِنَّ اللَّهَ لاَ يَظْلِمُ مِثْقَالَ ذَرَّةٍ وَإِن تَكُ حَسَنَةً يُضَـعِفْهَا وَيُؤْتِ مِن لَّدُنْهُ أَجْراً عَظِيماً (Surely, Allah wrongs not even of the weight of a speck of dust, but if there is any good (done), He doubles it, and gives from Him a great reward.) (4:40) Allah says: وَوُفِّيَتْ كُلُّ نَفْسٍ مَّا عَمِلَتْ (And each person will be paid in full of what he did;) meaning, of good and evil. وَهُوَ أَعْلَمُ بِمَا يَفْعَلُونَ (and He is Best Aware of what they do).

And every soul will be paid in full for what it did that is it will be paid the requital thereof and He is best aware of what they do and has no need for any witnesses.

ووفَّى الله كلَّ نفس جزاء عملها من خير وشر، وهو سبحانه وتعالى أعلم بما يفعلون في الدنيا من طاعة أو معصية.

أي من خير أو شر "وهو أعلم بما يفعلون".

( وَوُفِّيَتْ كُلُّ نَفْسٍ مَّا عَمِلَتْ ) من خير أو شر ( وَهُوَ أَعْلَمُ بِمَا يَفْعَلُونَ ) أى : وهو سبحانه - عليم بما يفعلونه من طاعة أو معصية ، لا يخفى عليه شئ من أحوال خلقه ، بل هو - تعالى - يعلم السر وأخفى .

القول في تأويل قوله تعالى : وَوُفِّيَتْ كُلُّ نَفْسٍ مَا عَمِلَتْ وَهُوَ أَعْلَمُ بِمَا يَفْعَلُونَ (70)يقول تعالى ذكره: ووفى الله حينئذ كل نفس جزاء عملها من خير وشرّ, وهو أعلم بما يفعلون في الدنيا من طاعة أو معصية, ولا يعزب عنه علم شيء من ذلك, وهو مجازيهم عليه يوم القيامة, فمثيب المحسن بإحسانه, والمسيء بما أساء.

( ووفيت كل نفس ما عملت ) أي : ثواب ما عملت ، ( وهو أعلم بما يفعلون ) قال عطاء : يريد أني عالم بأفعالهم لا أحتاج إلى كاتب ولا إلى شاهد .

وَوُفِّيَتْ كُلُّ نَفْسٍ مَا عَمِلَتْ وَهُوَ أَعْلَمُ بِمَا يَفْعَلُونَ (70)ومن القضاء القضاء على كل نفس بما هي به حقيقة من مرتبة الثواب أو العقاب وهو قوله : { ووفيت كل نفس ما عملت } . فقضاء الله هو القضاء العام الذي لا يقتصر على إنصاف المتداعين كقضاء القاضي ، ولا على سلوك الداعرين كقضاء والي الشرطة ، ولا على مراقبة المُغَيِّرين كقضاء والي الحِسبة ، ولكنه قضاء على كل نفس فيما اعتدت وفيما سلكت وفيما بدلت ، ويزيد على ذلك بأنه قضاء على كل نفس بما اختَلَتْ به من عمل وبما أضمرته من ضمائر إنْ خيراً فخيرٌ وإن شرًّا فشرٌّ . وإلى ذلك تشير المراتب الثلاث في الآية : مرتبةُ { وقُضي بينهم بالحق وهم لا يظلمون } ، ومرتبة { ووفّيت كُلُّ نَفْسسٍ ما عَمِلت } ، ومرتبة { وهو أعلم بما يفعلون } .والتوفية : إعطاء الشيء وافياً لا نقص فيه عن الحق في إعطائه ولا عن عطاء أمثاله . وفي قوله : { مَا عَمِلت } مضاف محذوف ، أي جزاء ما عملت لظهور أن ما عمله المرء لا يوفاه بعد أن عمله وإنما يوفى جزاءه .والقول في الأفعال الماضوية في قوله : { وأشرقت } ، { ووضع } ، { وجاء } ، { ووفيت } كالقول في قوله : { ونُفِخَ في الصور } [ الزمر : 68 ] .

فيحصل حكم يقر به الخلق، ويعترفون للّه بالحمد والعدل، ويعرفون به من عظمته وعلمه وحكمته ورحمته ما لم يخطر بقلوبهم، ولا تعبر عنه ألسنتهم، ولهذا قال: { وَوُفِّيَتْ كُلُّ نَفْسٍ مَا عَمِلَتْ وَهُوَ أَعْلَمُ بِمَا يَفْعَلُونَ }

ووفيت كل نفس ما عملت من خير أو شر . وهو أعلم بما يفعلون في الدنيا ولا حاجة به - عز وجل - إلى كتاب ولا إلى شاهد ، ومع ذلك فتشهد الكتب والشهود إلزاما للحجة .

The root of many deviations is, in fact, the underestimation of God. Man is lost in admiration of other kinds of greatness, because he is unaware of God’s unlimited Greatness. He considers attachment to great men the means of his salvation. When Doomsday removes the veils over people’s eyes, they will come to know that God was and still is so great that the world could be enclosed in His fist like a small coin and the sky could be wrapped around His hand like an ordinary piece of paper. Just as a bell rings as soon as an examination is over, similarly as soon as the time of the world is over, a trumpet will be blown. After that, the whole system will change. Thereafter, a new world will come into existence. This present world of ours is illuminated by the light of the sun, which is able to show us only tangible things. The world of the Hereafter will be directly illuminated by God’s light (nur). So even the intangible realities of the world will become visible to man’s eyes. At that time, people will be brought in to the Court of God. In the present world, people ignored the prophets and the preachers operating under their guidance. But, in the Hereafter, people will be wonderstruck to find that their future is decided on the basis of the support or rejection of these prophets and preachers.

In verse 69, it was said: وَجِيءَ بِالنَّبِيِّينَ وَالشُّهَدَاءِ (and the prophets and the witnesses will be brought,) It means that, at the time of reckoning on the plains of Resurrection, present there will be all prophets as well as all other witnesses. The prophets themselves will also be among the witnesses as said in the Qur'an: جِئْنَا مِن كُلِّ أُمَّةٍ بِشَهِيدٍ (We shall bring a witness from every community - An-Nisa', 4:41). And angels too will be among the witnesses, as in the Qur'an: مَّعَهَا سَائِقٌ وَشَهِيدٌ (with each someone [ meaning an angel ] to drive and someone [ meaning an angel ] to bear witness - Qaf, 50:21) where the identity of the driver and the witness has been clearly established as being the angels (Tafsir Ad-Durr-ul-Manthur). And among the witnesses, there will be the followers of the prophet of Islam as in the Qur'an: لِّتَكُونُوا شُهَدَاءَ عَلَى النَّاسِ (and [ so that ] you become witnesses to [ other ] people - Al-Hajj, 22:78). And, for that matter, even one's own body limbs will appear as witnesses as said in the Qur'an تُكَلِّمُنَا أَيْدِيهِمْ وَتَشْهَدُ أَرْ‌جُلُهُم (their hands will speak to Us and their feet will bear witness - Sin, 36:65).

(And each soul) whether it is righteous or sinful (is paid in full for what it did) of good or evil. (And He is best aware of what they do) of good or evil.