The Heights, The Elevated Places — Verse 98

Blessings come with Faith, while Kufr brings Torment Allah mentions here the little faith of the people of the towns to whom He sent Messengers. In another instance, Allah said, فَلَوْلاَ كَانَتْ قَرْيَةٌ ءَامَنَتْ فَنَفَعَهَآ إِيمَانُهَا إِلاَّ قَوْمَ يُونُسَ لَمَّآ ءَامَنُواْ كَشَفْنَا عَنْهُمْ عَذَابَ الخِزْىِ فِى الْحَيَوةَ الدُّنْيَا وَمَتَّعْنَاهُمْ إِلَى حِينٍ (Was there any town (community) that believed (after seeing the punishment), and its faith (at that moment) saved it (from the punishment) -- Except the people of Yunus; when they believed, We removed from them the torment of disgrace in the life of the (present) world, and permitted them to enjoy for a while.) 10:98 This Ayah indicates that no city believed in its entirety, except the city of Prophet Yunus, for they all believed after they were stricken by punishment. Allah said (about Prophet Yunus), وَأَرْسَلْنَـهُ إِلَى مِاْئَةِ أَلْفٍ أَوْ يَزِيدُونَ - فَـَامَنُواْ فَمَتَّعْنَـهُمْ إِلَى حِينٍ (And We sent him to a hundred thousand (people) or even more. And they believed; so We gave them enjoyment for a while.) 37:147-148 Allah said in another Ayah, وَمَآ أَرْسَلْنَا فِى قَرْيَةٍ مِّن نَّذِيرٍ (And We did not send a warner to a township....) 34:34 Allah said here, وَلَوْ أَنَّ أَهْلَ الْقُرَى ءَامَنُواْ وَاتَّقَوْاْ (And if the people of the towns had believed and had Taqwa. ..) meaning their hearts had faith in what the Messenger brought them, believed and obeyed him, and had Taqwa by performing the acts of obedience and abstaining from the prohibitions, لَفَتَحْنَا عَلَيْهِم بَرَكَـتٍ مِّنَ السَّمَآءِ وَالاٌّرْضِ (We should have opened for them blessings from the heaven and the earth,) in reference to the rain that falls from the sky and the vegetation of the earth. Allah said, وَلَـكِن كَذَّبُواْ فَأَخَذْنَـهُمْ بِمَا كَانُواْ يَكْسِبُونَ (but they belied (the Messengers). So We took them (with punishment) for what they used to earn.) They denied their Messengers, so that We punished them and sent destruction on them as a result of the sins and wickedness that they earned. Allah then said, while warning and threatening against defying His orders and daring to commit His prohibitions, أَفَأَمِنَ أَهْلُ الْقُرَى (Did the people of the towns then feel secure),meaning the disbelievers among them, أَن يَأْتِيَهُم بَأْسُنَا (that should come to them our punishment), Our torment and punishing example, بَيَـتًا (Bayatan) during the night, أَفَأَمِنَ أَهْلُ الْقُرَى أَن يَأْتِيَهُم بَأْسُنَا بَيَـتاً وَهُمْ نَآئِمُونَ - أَوَ أَمِنَ أَهْلُ الْقُرَى أَن يَأْتِيَهُمْ بَأْسُنَا ضُحًى وَهُمْ يَلْعَبُونَ (while they were asleep Or, did the people of the towns then feel secure against the coming of Our punishment in the forenoon while they were playing) while they are busy in their affairs and unaware. أَفَأَمِنُواْ مَكْرَ اللَّهِ (Did they then feel secure against Allah's plan) His torment, vengeance, and His power to destroy them while they are inattentive and heedless, فَلاَ يَأْمَنُ مَكْرَ اللَّهِ إِلاَّ الْقَوْمُ الْخَـسِرُونَ (None feels secure from Allah's plan except the people who are the losers.) Al-Hasan Al-Basri said, "The believer performs the acts of worship, all the while feeling fear, in fright and anxiety. The Fajir (wicked sinner, or disbeliever) commits the acts of disobedience while feeling safe (from Allah's torment)!"

Or do the people of the towns feel secure from the coming of Our might upon them in the daytime while they are playing?

أوَأمن أهل القرى أن يأتيهم عذاب الله وقت الضحى، وهم غافلون متشاغلون بأمور دنياهم؟ وخصَّ الله هذين الوقتين بالذكر، لأن الإنسان يكون أغْفَل ما يكون فيهما، فمجيء العذاب فيهما أفظع وأشد.

"أو أمن أهل القرى أن يأتيهم بأسنا ضحى وهم يلعبون " أي في حال شغلهم وغفلتهم.

فالآية الكريمة تحذر الناس من الغفلة عن طاعة الله ، وتحثهم على التيقظ والاعتبار : وقوله : ( أَوَ أَمِنَ أَهْلُ القرى ) إنكار بعد إنكار للمبالغة فى التوبيخ والتشديد ( أَن يَأْتِيَهُمْ بَأْسُنَا ضُحًى وَهُمْ يَلْعَبُونَ ) أى : أن يأتيهم عقابنا فى ضحوة النهار وانبساط الشمس ، وهم لاهون لاعبون من فرط الغفلة .فقد خوفهم - سبحانه - بنزول العذاب فى الوقت الذى يكونون فيه فى غاية الغفلة وهو حال النوم بالليل ، وحال الضحى بالنهار لأنه الوقت الذى يغلب على المرء التشاغل فيه باللذات .

أَوَأَمِنَ أَهْلُ الْقُرَى أَنْ يَأْتِيَهُمْ بَأْسُنَا ضُحًى وَهُمْ يَلْعَبُونَ (98)

( أوأمن ) قرأ أهل الحجاز والشام : " أو أمن " بسكون الواو ، والباقون بفتحها ، ( أهل القرى أن يأتيهم بأسنا ضحى ) أي : نهارا ، والضحى : صدر النهار ، ووقت انبساط الشمس ، ( وهم يلعبون ) ساهون لاهون .

والضحَى بالضم مع القصر هو في الأصل اسم لضوء الشمس إذا أشرق وارتفع ، وفسره الفقهاء بأن ترتفع الشمس قيد رمح ، ويرادفه الضحوة والضّحْوُ .والضحى يذكر ويؤنث ، وشاع التوقيت به عند العرب ومن قبلهم ، قال تعالى حكاية عن موسى : { قال مَوْعدكُمْ يوم الزينة وأن يُحشر الناس ضُحى } [ طه : 59 ].وتقييد التعجيب من أمْنهم مجيءَ البأس ، بوقتي البيات والضحى ، من بين سائر الأوقات ، وبحالي النوم واللعب ، من بين سائر الأحوال ، لأن الوقتين أجدر بأن يحذر حلول العذاب فيهما ، لأنهما وقتان للدعة ، فالبيات للنوم بعد الفراغ من الشغل .والضحى للعب قبل استقبال الشغل ، فكان شأن أولي النهى المعرضين عن دعوة رسل الله أن لا يأمنوا عذابه ، بخاصة في هذين الوقتين والحالين .وفي هذا التعجيب تعريض بالمشركين المكذبين للنبيء صلى الله عليه وسلم أن يحل بهم ما حلَّ بالأمم الماضية ، فكان ذكر وقت البيات ، ووقت اللعب ، أشد مناسبة بالمعنى التعريضي ، . تهديداً لهم بأن يصيبهم العذاب بأفظع أحواله ، إذ يكون حلوله بهم في ساعة دعتهم وساعة لهوهم نكاية بهم .

{ أَوَ أَمِنَ أَهْلُ الْقُرَى أَنْ يَأْتِيَهُمْ بَأْسُنَا ضُحًى وَهُمْ يَلْعَبُونَ ْ} أي: أي شيء يؤمنهم من ذلك، وهم قد فعلوا أسبابه، وارتكبوا من الجرائم العظيمة، ما يوجب بعضه الهلاك؟!

" أوأمن أهل القرى أن يأتيهم بأسنا ضحى " قرأه الحرميان وابن عامر بإسكان الواو للعطف ، على معنى الإباحة ; مثل ولا تطع منهم آثما أو كفورا . جالس الحسن أو ابن سيرين . والمعنى : أو أمنوا هذه الضروب من العقوبات . أي إن أمنتم ضربا منها لم تأمنوا الآخر . ويجوز أن يكون " أو " لأحد الشيئين ، كقولك : ضربت زيدا أو عمرا . وقرأ الباقون بفتحها بهمزة بعدها . جعلها واو العطف دخلت عليها ألف الاستفهام ; نظيره أوكلما عاهدوا عهداوهم يلعبون أي وهم فيما لا يجدي عليهم ; يقال لكل من كان فيما يضره ولا يجدي عليه لاعب ، ذكره النحاس . وفي الصحاح : اللعب معروف ، واللعب مثله . وقد لعب يلعب . وتلعب : لعب مرة بعد أخرى . ورجل تلعابة : كثير اللعب ، والتلعاب بالفتح المصدر . وجارية لعوب .

It happens again and again that a community reaches a high level of honour and prosperity and thereafter faces decline. It is removed from the scene and in its place another community occupies the same position of honour and prosperity that the former community enjoyed. This event is a sign of God, which should remind man of His supremacy. It shows that all the strings controlling gains and losses are in the hands of a supreme being. He may award good fortune to one or take it away from another. Making use of the powers of observation and thinking bestowed on him by God, man can easily understand these facts. He will realise that had the real source of power not been in other hands, the group which once managed to attain ascendancy would never have allowed others to replace it. If man can learn such lessons, he will find divine nourishment in the rise and fall of nations. But whenever a community falls from grace and another community rises in its place, the members of the rising community entertain the misunderstanding that whatever happened to the previous community was the fate particular to that community, and that it was never going to happen to them.

The Arabic word بَرَکَہ :'barakah' used in this verse and translated as blessing signifies increase or growth. The expression 'blessing of the heaven and the earth' refers to all means of prosperity, like proper and timely rain from heavens (clouds), abundant and healthy produce of the earth and, above all, carefree enjoyment from their possessions with no anxiety to spoil the pleasure of things. That is, everything would have been blessed with 'barakah'. The barakah manifests itself in two different ways. Sometimes, the thing itself increases in quantity, as is reported happening with the Holy Prophet ﷺ that a large number of people drank from a small pot of water and were satiated or the whole army was fed to their satisfaction from a small quantity of food. Sometimes, the quantity of thing does not increase but its usefulness or efficacy is increased manifold. It is usually observed that a certain thing in our household lasts as long or benefits as many people as would have done three or four things of the same kind. That is to say, certain things yield lasting benefit to people while certain other things do not, or hardly serve people either due to being damaged by accident or not being accessible in times of need. For example, sometime a single morsel of food becomes a source of great strength and health, while in some other times a large amount of food produces no results. Sometimes, we are able to do a considerable amount of work in one hour's short time, while on other occasions this amount of work can hardly be done in four or five hour's time. In these instances the thing itself did not increase. That is, the morsel of food and period of time remained as they were, their effect and benefit was, however, enhanced many times. This verse has implicitly expressed that 'Barakah' in all the heavenly and earthly things can be achieved through the faith in Allah and by acquiring: تَقویٰ 'taqwa' (abstinence) while, in the absence of these two, one is deprived of the: بَرَکَہ barakah'. When we take in view the circumstances prevailing in today's world we notice the fact that the net produce of the earth is comparably far more than ever before. The recent inventions are at our service to ease our life in a way that could not be imagined of by past generations. But in spite of this abundance of means and resources today's man is proportionally worried, depressed, dissatisfied and as much deprived of peace and comfort as was never before. What has deprived today's man of peace and comfort? No explanation can be given to this question except that the: بَرَکَہ barakah is missing from these things. Another point which demands our attention here is that prosperity, good health and worldly possessions are not necessarily a sign of favour and blessing from Allah. Sometimes, these things are given to man out of anger as has been made clear in verse 44 of Surah Al-An` am 'which has said: فَلَمَّا نَسُوا مَا ذُكِّرُ‌وا بِهِ فَتَحْنَا عَلَيْهِمْ أَبْوَابَ كُلِّ شَيْءٍ Then they forgot the advice they had received, we opened to them the doors of all good things. (6:44) Thereafter, they were suddenly caught by the punishment of Allah. This makes us understand that prosperity and affluence of wealth are not sure signs of Allah's favour. They can sometimes, be a sign of Allah's wrath and punishment. On the contrary, the present verse leads us to conclude that: بَرَکَہ barakah in earthly and heavenly things is a sign of Allah's favour. In order to differentiate between the two situations one must understand that prosperity and good health are sometimes, given to people against their sins and transgression. They are usually short-lived and are a sign of Allah's displeasure while on other occasions people are favoured with them with lasting benefits as a reward of 'Iman' and 'taqwa'. To determine as to which is a sign of favour and which a sign of displeasure is difficult as both are alike. The men of Allah, however, have suggested some distinct signs to differentiate between the two. When prosperity and good health make man more grateful to Allah and he tends to worship His Lord more than before, it is an indication of Allah's favour. On the contrary, when one tends to be more involved in sinful deeds, it must be a sign of Allah's wrath. We seek shelter against such state of affairs. The verses 97 to 99 have warned the people of the world saying: "So, do the people of the towns feel secure from Our punishment coming upon them at night while they are asleep?" The verse implies that the residents of these towns (the people living in the time of the holy Prophet seem to be unmindful of the fact that they can be caught by the punishment of Allah any time when sleeping at night. They should not feel themselves secure from the punishment of Allah which may come to them suddenly any day when they are busy in their worldly pursuits. What has made them so fearless of Allah's plan? The fate of the early people referred to in the foregoing verses should be a lesson for these people. Man should be wise enough to take lesson from the events of other people and avoid things to do which had led them to death and disaster.

(Or are the people of the townships then secure from the coming of Our wrath upon them in the daytime while they play) i.e. engaging in falsehood?