The Cleaving, The Cleaving Asunder, Bursting Apart — Verse 6

O disbelieving man! What has deceived you with regard to your generous Lord? so that you have disobeyed Him

O Man! What has deluded thee about thy generous Lord? Look at this wonder-a threat mixed with gentleness. He asks the question, and in the question it- self He instructs the servant how to answer by saying “thy generous Lord.” He reminds the servant of the name Generous so that the servant will say, “Your generosity deluded me about You. Were it not for Your generosity, I would not have done what I did. You saw, but You curtained. You predestined, but You gave respite.” My Patron says, “Are you not ashamed of the ugly acts I see from you?” I said, “O Patron, benevolence! Your bounty has corrupted me.” YaḤyā Muʿādh said, “On the Day of Resurrection the creatures from first to last will be put in that station of harshness and awesomeness and questioned. If I am addressed by the side of All-com- pellingness and the Exalted Threshold, 'What has deluded thee about Me?', with God's success- giving and the Lordly confirmation I will answer, 'Your former and latter kindness deluded me'”: It is the old and new beautiful doing and the hidden and evident caresses that I have found from Your bounty and kindness that have deceived my eyes! Abū Bakr Warrāq said, “If it is said to me, 'What has deluded thee about thy generous Lord?,' I will say, 'The generosity of the Generous deluded me.'” It was said to Fuẓayl, “If God places you before Himself on the Day of Resurrection and says, What has deluded thee about thy generous Lord?, what will you say?” He said, “I will say, 'The curtain You let down has deluded Me.” This was put into verse by MuḤammad ibn Sammāk: O you who conceal your sins! Are you not ashamed before God, who is with you in your solitude? You have been deluded by your Lord's giving respite and all His curtaining of your ugly deeds. This has come in a sound hadith: “Surely God will bring the person of faith close, then place His wing over him and curtain him. He will say, 'Do you recognize this sin? Do you recognize that sin?' “He will say, 'Yes my Lord' until he confirms his sins and he sees in himself that he will perish. “He will say, 'I curtained them for you in the world, and I forgive you for them today.'”

O Man! What has deluded thee about thy generous Lord? Look at this wonder-a threat mixed with gentleness. He asks the question, and in the question it- self He instructs the servant how to answer by saying “thy generous Lord.” He reminds the servant of the name Generous so that the servant will say, “Your generosity deluded me about You. Were it not for Your generosity, I would not have done what I did. You saw, but You curtained. You predestined, but You gave respite.” My Patron says, “Are you not ashamed of the ugly acts I see from you?” I said, “O Patron, benevolence! Your bounty has corrupted me.” YaḤyā Muʿādh said, “On the Day of Resurrection the creatures from first to last will be put in that station of harshness and awesomeness and questioned. If I am addressed by the side of All-com- pellingness and the Exalted Threshold, 'What has deluded thee about Me?', with God's success- giving and the Lordly confirmation I will answer, 'Your former and latter kindness deluded me'”: It is the old and new beautiful doing and the hidden and evident caresses that I have found from Your bounty and kindness that have deceived my eyes! Abū Bakr Warrāq said, “If it is said to me, 'What has deluded thee about thy generous Lord?,' I will say, 'The generosity of the Generous deluded me.'” It was said to Fuẓayl, “If God places you before Himself on the Day of Resurrection and says, What has deluded thee about thy generous Lord?, what will you say?” He said, “I will say, 'The curtain You let down has deluded Me.” This was put into verse by MuḤammad ibn Sammāk: O you who conceal your sins! Are you not ashamed before God, who is with you in your solitude? You have been deluded by your Lord's giving respite and all His curtaining of your ugly deeds. This has come in a sound hadith: “Surely God will bring the person of faith close, then place His wing over him and curtain him. He will say, 'Do you recognize this sin? Do you recognize that sin?' “He will say, 'Yes my Lord' until he confirms his sins and he sees in himself that he will perish. “He will say, 'I curtained them for you in the world, and I forgive you for them today.'”

O Man! What has deluded thee about thy generous Lord? Look at this wonder-a threat mixed with gentleness. He asks the question, and in the question it- self He instructs the servant how to answer by saying “thy generous Lord.” He reminds the servant of the name Generous so that the servant will say, “Your generosity deluded me about You. Were it not for Your generosity, I would not have done what I did. You saw, but You curtained. You predestined, but You gave respite.” My Patron says, “Are you not ashamed of the ugly acts I see from you?” I said, “O Patron, benevolence! Your bounty has corrupted me.” YaḤyā Muʿādh said, “On the Day of Resurrection the creatures from first to last will be put in that station of harshness and awesomeness and questioned. If I am addressed by the side of All-com- pellingness and the Exalted Threshold, 'What has deluded thee about Me?', with God's success- giving and the Lordly confirmation I will answer, 'Your former and latter kindness deluded me'”: It is the old and new beautiful doing and the hidden and evident caresses that I have found from Your bounty and kindness that have deceived my eyes! Abū Bakr Warrāq said, “If it is said to me, 'What has deluded thee about thy generous Lord?,' I will say, 'The generosity of the Generous deluded me.'” It was said to Fuẓayl, “If God places you before Himself on the Day of Resurrection and says, What has deluded thee about thy generous Lord?, what will you say?” He said, “I will say, 'The curtain You let down has deluded Me.” This was put into verse by MuḤammad ibn Sammāk: O you who conceal your sins! Are you not ashamed before God, who is with you in your solitude? You have been deluded by your Lord's giving respite and all His curtaining of your ugly deeds. This has come in a sound hadith: “Surely God will bring the person of faith close, then place His wing over him and curtain him. He will say, 'Do you recognize this sin? Do you recognize that sin?' “He will say, 'Yes my Lord' until he confirms his sins and he sees in himself that he will perish. “He will say, 'I curtained them for you in the world, and I forgive you for them today.'”

O Man! What has deluded thee about thy generous Lord? Look at this wonder-a threat mixed with gentleness. He asks the question, and in the question it- self He instructs the servant how to answer by saying “thy generous Lord.” He reminds the servant of the name Generous so that the servant will say, “Your generosity deluded me about You. Were it not for Your generosity, I would not have done what I did. You saw, but You curtained. You predestined, but You gave respite.” My Patron says, “Are you not ashamed of the ugly acts I see from you?” I said, “O Patron, benevolence! Your bounty has corrupted me.” YaḤyā Muʿādh said, “On the Day of Resurrection the creatures from first to last will be put in that station of harshness and awesomeness and questioned. If I am addressed by the side of All-com- pellingness and the Exalted Threshold, 'What has deluded thee about Me?', with God's success- giving and the Lordly confirmation I will answer, 'Your former and latter kindness deluded me'”: It is the old and new beautiful doing and the hidden and evident caresses that I have found from Your bounty and kindness that have deceived my eyes! Abū Bakr Warrāq said, “If it is said to me, 'What has deluded thee about thy generous Lord?,' I will say, 'The generosity of the Generous deluded me.'” It was said to Fuẓayl, “If God places you before Himself on the Day of Resurrection and says, What has deluded thee about thy generous Lord?, what will you say?” He said, “I will say, 'The curtain You let down has deluded Me.” This was put into verse by MuḤammad ibn Sammāk: O you who conceal your sins! Are you not ashamed before God, who is with you in your solitude? You have been deluded by your Lord's giving respite and all His curtaining of your ugly deeds. This has come in a sound hadith: “Surely God will bring the person of faith close, then place His wing over him and curtain him. He will say, 'Do you recognize this sin? Do you recognize that sin?' “He will say, 'Yes my Lord' until he confirms his sins and he sees in himself that he will perish. “He will say, 'I curtained them for you in the world, and I forgive you for them today.'”

يا أيها الإنسان المنكر للبعث، ما الذي جعلك تغتَرُّ بربك الجواد كثير الخير الحقيق بالشكر والطاعة، أليس هو الذي خلقك فسوَّى خلقك فعَدَلك، وركَّبك لأداء وظائفك، في أيِّ صورة شاءها خلقك؟

هذا تهديد لا كما يتوهمه بعض الناس من أنه إرشاد إلى الجواب حيث قال الكريم حتى يقول قائلهم غره كرمه بل المعنى في هذه الآية ما غرك يا ابن آدم بربك الكريم أي العظيم حتى أقدمت على معصيته وقابلته بما لا يليق؟ كما جاء في الحديث: "يقول الله تعالى يوم القيامة يا ابن آدم ما غرك بي؟ يا ابن آدم ماذا أجبت المرسلين؟" قال ابن أبي حاتم حدثنا ابن أبي عمر حدثنا سفيان أن عمر سمع رجلا يقرأ "يا أيها الإنسان ما غرك بربك الكريم" فقال عمر الجهل. وقال أيضا حدثنا عمر بن شيبة حدثنا أبو خلف حدثنا يحيى البكاء سمعت ابن عمر يقول وقرأ هذه الآية "يا أيها الإنسان ما غرك بربك الكريم" قال ابن عمر: غره والله جهله قال: وروي عن ابن عباس والربيع بن خيثم والحسن مثل ذلك. وقال قتادة ما غرك بربك الكريم شيء ما غر ابن آدم غير هذا العدو الشيطان. وقال الفضيل بن عياض لو قال لي ما غرك بي لقلت ستورك المرخاة. وقال أبو بكر الوراق لو قال لي ما غرك بربك الكريم لقلت غرني كرم الكريم. وقال بعض أهل الإشارة إنما قال بربك الكريم دون سائر أسمائه وصفاته كأنه لقنه الإجابة وهذا الذي تخيله هذا القائل ليس بطائل لأنه إنما أتى باسمه الكريم لينبه على أنه لا ينبغي أن يقابل الكريم بالأفعال القبيحة وأعمال الفجور. وقد حكي البغوي عن الكلبي ومقاتل أنهما قالا نزلت هذه الآية في الأسود بن شريق ضرب النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم ولم يعاقب في الحالة الراهنة فأنزل الله تعالى "ما غرك بربك الكريم"؟.

وبعد أن أشار - سبحانه - إلى أهوال علامات الساعة التى من شأنها أن تنبه العقول والحواس والمشاعر . . أتبع ذلك بنداء للإِنسان فقال - تعالى - : ( ياأيها الإنسان مَا غَرَّكَ بِرَبِّكَ الكريم ) والغرور : الخداع . يقال : غر فلان فلانا ، إذا خدعه وأطمعه بالباطل . والخطاب لجنس الإِنسان ، وقيل للكافر .و " ما " استفهامية ، والمقصود بالاستفهام : الإِنكار والتعجيب من حال هذا الإِنسان المخدوع .أى : يا أيها الإِنسان المخلوق بقدرة ربك وحده ، أى شئ غرك وخدعك وجعل جانبا من جنسك يكفر بخالقه ، ويعبد غيره ، وجانبا آخر يعصى ربه ، ويقصر فى أداء حقوقه؟قال الإِمام ابن كثير : قوله - تعالى - : ( ياأيها الإنسان مَا غَرَّكَ بِرَبِّكَ الكريم ) : هذا تهديد ، لا كما يتوهمه بعض الناس من أنه إرشاد إلى الجواب ، حيث قال : ( الكريم ) ، حتى يقول قائلهم : غره كرمه . بل المعنى فى الآية : ما غرك يا بن آدم بربك الكريم - ، أى : العظيم - حتى أقدمت على معصيته ، وقابلته بما لا يليق؟ كما جاء فى الحديث : " يقول الله يوم القيامة : يا بن آدم ماذا أجبت المرسلين؟ " . .وهذا الذى تخيله هذا القائل ليس تحته طائل ، لأنه إنما أتى باسمه الكريم لينبه على أنه لا ينبغى أن يقابل الكريم بالأفعال القبيحة ، وأعمال السوء . .والمقصود بالنداء هنا : التنبيه إلى ما سيأتى بعده من توجيهات ، وليس المقصود به طلب الإِقبال على شئ معين .وإيثار تعريف الله - تعالى - بصفة الرب ، لما فى معنى الرب من التربية والرعاية والملكيمة ، والإِيجاد من العدم . . ففى هذا الوصف تذكير للإِنسان بنعم خالقه الذى أنشأه من العدم ، وتعهده بالرعاية والتربية .وكذلك الوصف بالكريم ، فيه - أيضاً - تذكير لهذا الإِنسان بكرم ربه عليه ، إذ مقتضى هذا الكرم منه - تعالى - ، أن يقابل المخلوق ذلك بالشكر والطاعة .

وقوله: ( عَلِمَتْ نَفْسٌ مَا قَدَّمَتْ وَأَخَّرَتْ ) يقول تعالى ذكره: علمت كلّ نفس ما قدّمت لذلك اليوم من عمل صالح ينفعه، وأخرت وراءه من شيء سنَّه فعمل به.واختلف أهل التأويل في تأويل ذلك، فقال بعضهم بنحو الذي قلنا في ذلك.* ذكر من قال ذلك:حدثنا ابن عبد الأعلى، قال: ثنا المعتمر بن سليمان، عن أبيه، قال: ثني عن القُرَظي، أنه قال في: ( عَلِمَتْ نَفْسٌ مَا قَدَّمَتْ وَأَخَّرَتْ ) قال: ما قدّمت مما عملت، وأما ما أخَّرت فالسنة يَسُنها الرجل يُعمل بها من بعده.وقال آخرون: عُني بذلك ما قدّمت من الفرائض التي أدتها، وما أخَّرت من الفرائض التي ضيعتها.* ذكر من قال ذلك:حدثنا أبو كُرَيب، قال: ثنا وكيع، عن أبيه، عن سعيد بن مسروق، عن عكرِمة ( عَلِمَتْ نَفْسٌ مَا قَدَّمَتْ ) قال: ما افترض عليها( وَأَخَّرَتْ ) قال: مما افترض عليها.حدثني محمد بن سعد، قال: ثني أبي، قال: ثني عمي، قال: ثني أبي، عن أبيه، عن ابن عباس ( عَلِمَتْ نَفْسٌ مَا قَدَّمَتْ وَأَخَّرَتْ ) قال: تعلم ما قدّمت من طاعة الله، وما أخرت مما أُمِرَت به من حقّ لله عليه لم تعمل به.حدثنا بشر، قال: ثنا يزيد، قال: ثنا سعيد، عن قتادة، قوله: ( عَلِمَتْ نَفْسٌ مَا قَدَّمَتْ وَأَخَّرَتْ ) قال: ما قدّمت من خير، وأخَّرت من حق الله عليها لم تعمل به.حدثنا ابن عبد الأعلى، قال: ثنا ابن ثور، عن معمر، عن قتادة، ( مَا قَدَّمَتْ وَأَخَّرَتْ ) قال: ما قدمت من طاعة الله وما أخرت من حق الله.حدثني يونس، قال: أخبرنا ابن وهب، قال: قال ابن زيد في قوله: ( عَلِمَتْ نَفْسٌ مَا قَدَّمَتْ وَأَخَّرَتْ ) قال: ما قدّمت: عملت، وما أخرت: تركت وضيَّعت، وأخرت من العمل الصالح الذي دعاها الله إليه.وقال آخرون: بل معنى ذلك: ما قدّمت من خير أو شرّ، وأخَّرت من خير أو شرّ.* ذكر من قال ذلك:حدثني يعقوب، قال: ثنا هشيم، قال: أخبرنا العوّام، عن إبراهيم التيمي، قال: ذكروا عنده هذه الآية ( عَلِمَتْ نَفْسٌ مَا قَدَّمَتْ وَأَخَّرَتْ ) قال: أنا مما أخَّرَ الحجاج.وإنما اخترنا القول الذي ذكرناه، لأن كلّ ما عمل العبد من خير أو شرّ فهو مما قدّمه، وأن ما ضيَّع من حقّ الله عليه وفرّط فيه فلم يعمله، فهو مما قد قدّم من شرّ، وليس ذلك مما أخَّر من العمل، لأن العمل هو ما عمله. فأما ما لم يعمله فإنما هو سيئة قدّمها، فلذلك قلنا: ما أخر: هو ما سنه من سنة حسنة وسيئة، مما إذا عمل به العامل، كان له مثل أجر العامل بها أو وزره.

( يا أيها الإنسان ما غرك بربك الكريم ) ما خدعك وسول لك الباطل حتى أضعت ما وجب عليك . والمعنى : ماذا أمنك من [ عذابه ] قال عطاء : نزلت في الوليد بن المغيرة .وقال الكلبي ومقاتل : نزلت في الأسود بن شريق ضرب النبي فلم يعاقبه الله - عز وجل - فأنزل الله هذه الآية يقول : ما الذي غرك بربك الكريم المتجاوز عنك إذ لم يعاقبك عاجلا بكفرك ؟ قال قتادة : غره عدوه المسلط عليه يعني الشيطان قال مقاتل : غره عفو الله حين لم يعاقبه في أول [ مرة ] . وقال السدي : غره رفق الله به .وقال ابن مسعود : ما منكم من أحد إلا سيخلو الله به يوم القيامة . فيقول : يا ابن آدم ما غرك بي ؟ يا ابن آدم ماذا عملت فيما [ علمت ] ؟ يا ابن آدم ماذا أجبت المرسلين ؟ .وقيل للفضيل بن عياض : لو أقامك الله يوم القيامة فقال : ما غرك بربك الكريم ماذا كنت تقول ؟ قال : أقول غرني ستورك المرخاة .وقال يحيى بن معاذ : لو أقامني بين يديه فقال ما غرك بي ؟ [ فأقول ] غرني بك برك بي سالفا وآنفا .وقال أبو بكر الوراق : لو قال لي : ما غرك بربك الكريم لقلت : غرني كرم الكريم .قال بعض أهل الإشارة : إنما قال بربك الكريم دون سائر أسمائه وصفاته كأنه لقنه الإجابة حتى يقول : غرني كرم الكريم .

يَا أَيُّهَا الْإِنْسَانُ مَا غَرَّكَ بِرَبِّكَ الْكَرِيمِ (6) استئناف ابتدائي لأن ما قبله بمنزلة المقدمة له لتهيئة السامع لتلقي هذه الموعظة لأن ما سبقه من التهويل والإِنذار يهيّىء النفس لقبول الموعظة إذ الموعظة تكون أشدّ تغلغلاً في القلب حينئذ لما يشعر به السامع من انكسار نفسه ورقّة قلبه فيزول عنه طغيان المكابرة والعناد فخطر في النفوس ترقب شيء بعد ذلك .النداء للتنبيه تنبيهاً يشعر بالاهتمام بالكلام والاستدعاء لسماعه فليس النداء مستعملاً في حقيقته إذ ليس مراداً به طلب إقبال ولا هو موجّه لشخص معين أو جماعة معينة بل مثلُه يجعله المتكلم موجّهاً لكل من يسمعه بقصد أو بغير قصد .فالتعريف في { الإِنسان } تعريف الجنس ، وعلى ذلك حمله جمهور المفسرين ، أي ليس المراد إنساناً معيناً ، وقرينة ذلك سياق الكلام مع قوله عَقِبَه { بل تكذبون بالدين وإن عليكم لحافظين } [ الانفطار : 9 ، 10 ] الآية .وهذا العموم مراد به الذين أنكروا البعث بدلالة وقوعه عقب الإِنذار بحصول البعث ويدل على ذلك قوله بعده : { بل تكذبون بالدين } [ الانفطار : 9 ] فالمعنى : يا أيها الإنسان الذي أنكر البعث ولا يكون منكر البعث إلا مشركاً لأن إنكار البعث والشرك مُتلازمان يومئذ فهو من العامّ المراد به الخصوص بالقرينة أو من الاستغراق العرفي لأن جمهور المخاطبين في ابتداء الدعوة الإِسلامية هم المشركون .و { مَا } في قوله : { ما غرك بربك } استفهامية عن الشيء الذي غرّ المشرك فحمله على الإِشراك بربه وعلى إنكار البعث .وعن ابن عباس وعطاء : الإِنسان هنا الوليد بن المغيرة ، وعن عكرمة المراد أبيّ بن خلف ، وعن ابن عباس أيضاً : المراد أبو الأشد بن كَلَدَة الجُمحِي ، وعن الكلبي ومقاتل : نزلت في الأسود بن شَريق .والاستفهام مجاز في الإِنكار والتعجيب من الإِشراك بالله ، أي لا موجب للشرك وإنكار البعث إلا أن يكون ذلك غروراً غرّه عنا كناية عن كون الشرك لا يخطر ببال العاقل إلا أن يغره به غار ، فيحتمل أن يكون الغرور موجوداً ويحتمل أن لا يكون غروراً .والغرور : الإِطماع بما يتوهمه المغرور نفعاً وهو ضرّ ، وفعلُه قد يسند إلى اسم ذات المُطمع حقيقة مثل : { ولا يغرنكم باللَّه الغرور } [ لقمان : 33 ] أو مجازاً نحو : { وغرتكم الحياة الدنيا } [ الجاثية : 35 ] فإن الحياة زمان الغرور ، وقد يسند إلى اسم معنى من المعاني حقيقة نحو : { لا يغرنك تقلب الذين كفروا في البلاد } [ آل عمران : 196 ] . وقول امرىء القيس: ... أغرَّك مني أن حبك قاتليأو مجازاً نحو قوله تعالى : { زخرف القول غروراً } [ الأنعام : 112 ] .ويتعدى فعله إلى مفعول واحد ، وقد يذكر مع مفعوله اسم ما يتعلق الغرور بشؤونه فيعدى إليه بالباء ، ومعنى الباء فيه الملابسة كما في قوله : { ولا يغرنكم باللَّه الغرور } [ لقمان : 33 ] ، أي لا يغرنكم غروراً متلبساً بشأن الله ، أي مصاحباً لشؤون الله مصاحبة مجازية وليست هي بَاء السببية كما يقال : غره ببذل المال ، أو غرّه بالقول .

يقول تعالى معاتبا للإنسان المقصر في حق ربه، المتجرئ على مساخطه : { يَا أَيُّهَا الْإِنْسَانُ مَا غَرَّكَ بِرَبِّكَ الْكَرِيمِ } أتهاونا منك في حقوقه؟ أم احتقارا منك لعذابه؟ أم عدم إيمان منك بجزائه؟

قوله تعالى : يا أيها خاطب بهذا منكري البعث . وقال ابن عباس : الإنسان هنا : الوليد بن المغيرة . وقال عكرمة : أبي بن خلف . وقيل : نزلت في أبي الأشد بن كلدة الجمحي . عن ابن عباس أيضا ( ما غرك بربك ) أي ما الذي غرك حتى كفرت ؟ بربك الكريم أي المتجاوز عنك . قال قتادة : غره شيطانه المسلط عليه . الحسن : غره شيطانه الخبيث . وقيل : حمقه وجهله . رواه الحسن عن عمر - رضي الله عنه - . وروى غالب الحنفي قال : لما قرأ رسول الله - صلى الله عليه وسلم - يا أيها الإنسان ما غرك بربك الكريم قال : " غره الجهل " وقال صالح بن مسمار : بلغنا أن رسول الله - صلى الله عليه وسلم - قرأ يا أيها الإنسان ما غرك بربك الكريم ؟ فقال : " غره جهله " . وقال عمر - رضي الله عنه - : كما قال الله تعالى : إنه كان ظلوما جهولا . وقيل : غره عفو الله ، إذ لم يعاقبه في أول مرة . قال إبراهيم بن الأشعث : قيل : للفضيل بن عياض : لو أقامك الله تعالى يوم القيامة بين يديه ، فقال لك : ما غرك بربك الكريم ؟ ماذا كنت تقول ؟ قال : كنت أقول غرني ستورك المرخاة ; لأن الكريم هو الستار . نظمه ابن السماك فقال :يا كاتم الذنب أما تستحي والله في الخلوة ثانيكا غرك من ربك إمهالهوستره طول مساويكا[ ص: 211 ] وقال ذو النون المصري : كم من مغرور تحت الستر وهو لا يشعر .وأنشد أبو بكر بن طاهر الأبهري :يا من غلا في العجب والتيه وغره طول تماديهأملى لك الله فبارزته ولم تخف غب معاصيهوروي عن علي - رضي الله عنه - أنه صاح بغلام له مرات فلم يلبه فنظر فإذا هو بالباب ، فقال : ما لك لم تجبني ؟ فقال . لثقتي بحلمك ، وأمني من عقوبتك . فاستحسن جوابه فأعتقه . وناس يقولون : ما غرك : ما خدعك وسول لك ، حتى أضعت ما وجب عليك ؟ وقال ابن مسعود : ما منكم من أحد إلا وسيخلو الله به يوم القيامة ، فيقول له : يابن آدم ماذا غرك بي ؟ يابن آدم ماذا عملت فيما علمت ؟ يابن آدم ماذا أجبت المرسلين ؟

The Quran informs us that the Day of Judgement will finally come: all of humanity will be assembled on that Day and will be rewarded or punished according to their deeds. These tidings are absolutely consistent with the present condition of the world. Indeed, the meaningful creation of man has its justification in this announcement. Moreover, a system exists in the present world for the recording of the words and deeds of man. That becomes understandable in the light of what the Quran tells us. (For details regarding the recording of words and deeds, see the commentator’s book titled: God Arises).

‌ يَا أَيُّهَا الْإِنسَانُ مَا غَرَّ‌كَ (0 man! at has deceived you about your Gracious Lord...82:6) The opening of the Surah mentions the violent events that will take place at the end of this worldly life, and the current set of verses reminds us of the inceptive stages of our creation. The sum total of the verses purport to say that if man had considered carefully, he would have believed in Allah and His Messenger ﷺ ، and he would not have deviated a hair's breadth from Divine injunctions, but he slumped into heedlessness and forgetfulness. In the present verse, he is reprimanded by a rhetorical question and by means of gentle remonstrance as to what has lured him away from His Gracious Lord, and led him to disobedience, despite he knows his beginning, and he knows his end. The verse further goes on to remind man of the inceptive stages of his creation. First, it says: خَلَقَكَ فَسَوَّاكَ (who created you, then perfected you...82:7). The sense is that not only did Allah create man, but He also perfected his creation and proportioned his body, limbs and organs. Every limb and organ is well placed. The body, height, length and breadth of every limb are kept in harmony, symmetry and balance. Any deviation from the symmetrical construction of the human body, the organs will become dysfunctional. Then the verse says: فَعَدَلَكَ (...then brought you in due proportion?...82:7). Man is granted such symmetry, harmony and balance that no other animal in the world is granted to that degree. Along with physical and physiological symmetry and harmony, he has been granted well-balanced disposition, despite the fact that man is made up of opposing humours - blood, phlegm, black bile and yellow bile. Some are hot and others are cold, and yet the perfect wisdom of Allah prepared a well-balanced disposition. Thereafter a third characteristic is mentioned as follows:

(O man!) i.e. O disbelieving man; here referring specifically to Kildah Ibn Usayd (What hath made thee careless concerning thy Lord) when you disbelieved in Him, (the Bountiful) the Forgiving,

O mankind! What has deceived you with regard to your Generous Lord?He said:That is, �What has lured you away to other than Him, and severed you from Him, in spite of His graciousness (luṭf) and generosity (karam)?�He was asked, �What is it that cuts the servant off [from God]?� He replied:The servant belongs to God, and God is there for His servant. There is nothing closer to Him than the heart of the believer, and if anything else comes into his heart, that becomes a veil (ḥijāb) [for him]. Whoever looks upon (naẓara) God with his heart, will become distanced from all besides Him, and whoever seeks the means to [attain] His good pleasure (marḍā), will be made satisfied by God through His clemency (ḥilm).Furthermore, whoever surrenders his heart to God, Exalted is He, [will find that] God takes care of his bodily members so they remain in rectitude (istiqāma). Yet at the same time, their hearts� witnessing is in proportion to how much they safeguard their bodily members.Then he said:Keep a check on your hearts. We are created and our Creator is with us. Do not tire in your works, for truly God watches over you wherever you are. Place your needs before Him and stand at His door. Say: �We are ignorant, but our Teacher (ʿālimunā) is with us. We are weak, but the One who gives us strength (muqawwiyyunā) is with us. We are helpless, but our All-Powerful One (Qādirunā) is with us.� Truly, whoever adheres to this will find that air, space, earth and sky will become of equal consequence [to him]. ʿUmar b. Wāṣil, a student of Sahl, said, �When [Sahl] would recite this verse, he [Sahl] would say:It is ignorance that has lured me away [from You] ⸢O Lord⸣, due to Your withdrawing Your protection from me.His words, Mighty and Majestic is He:

Which was revealed in Makkah The Virtues of Surat Al-Infitar An-Nasa'i recorded from Jabir that Mu`adh stood and lead the people in the Night prayer, and he made the recitation of his prayer long. So the Prophet said, «أَفَتَّانٌ أَنْتَ يَا مُعَاذُ؟ أَيْنَ كُنْتَ عَنْ سَبِّحِ اسْمَ رَبِّكَ الاّعْلَى وَالضُّحَى وَ إِذَا السَّمَآءُ انفَطَرَتْ » (Are you putting the people to trial O Mu`adh Why don't you recite (Glorify the Name of your Lord the Most High) (87), (By the forenoon) (93), and (When the heaven is cleft asunder) (82))" The basis of this Hadith is found in the Two Sahihs, however the mentioning of إِذَا السَّمَآءُ انفَطَرَتْ (When the heaven is cleft asunder.) has only been mentioned by An-Nasa'i. It has been previously mentioned in a narration from `Abdullah bin `Umar that the Prophet said, «مَنْ سَرَّهُ أَنْ يَنْظُرَ إِلَى الْقِيَامَةِ رَأْيَ عَيْنٍ فَلْيَقْرَأْ: إِذَا الشَّمْسُ كُوِّرَتْ و إِذَا السَّمَآءُ انفَطَرَتْ و إِذَا السَّمَآءُ انشَقَّتْ » (Whoever would be pleased to look at the Day of Resurrection with his own eyes, then let him recite, (When the sun is Kuwwirat.) (81) and; (When the heaven is cleft asunder) (82) and; (When the heaven is split asunder) (84).) بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَـنِ الرَّحِيمِ (In the Name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. إِذَا السَّمَآءُ انفَطَرَتْ (When the heaven is cleft asunder (Infatarat).) meaning, it splits. This is as Allah says, السَّمَآءُ مُنفَطِرٌ بِهِ (Whereon the heaven will be cleft asunder (Munfatir)) (73:18) Then Allah says, وَإِذَا الْكَوَاكِبُ انتَثَرَتْ (And when the stars Intatharat.) meaning, fallen. وَإِذَا الْبِحَارُ فُجِّرَتْ (And when the seas Fujjirat.) `Ali bin Abi Talhah reported from Ibn `Abbas that he said, "Allah will cause some of it to burst forth over other parts of it." Al-Hasan said, "Allah will cause some parts of it to burst forth over other parts of it, and its water will go away." Qatadah said, "Its fresh water will mix with its salt water." وَإِذَا الْقُبُورُ بُعْثِرَتْ (And when the graves Bu`thirat.) Ibn `Abbas said, "searched." As-Suddi said, "Tub`athiru means that they will be moved and those who are in them will come out." عَلِمَتْ نَفْسٌ مَّا قَدَّمَتْ وَأَخَّرَتْ (A person will know what he has sent forward and left behind.) meaning, when this happens then this will occur. Mankind should not forget about Allah Allah says, يأَيُّهَا الإِنسَـنُ مَا غَرَّكَ بِرَبِّكَ الْكَرِيمِ (O man! What has made you careless about your Lord, the Most Generous) This is a threat. It is not an attempt to get a reply as some people mistakenly think. They consider it as if the Most Generous is asking them so that they will say, "His honor deceived him (or made him careless of his Lord)." rather the meaning of this Ayah is, "O Son of Adam! What has deceived you from your Lord, the Most Generous -- meaning the Most Great -- so that you went forth disobeying Him, and you met Him with that which was unbefitting." This is similar to what has been reported in the Hadith, «يَقُولُ اللهُ تَعَالَى يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ: يَا ابْنَ آدَمَ مَا غَرَّكَ بِي؟ يَا ابْنَ آدَمَ مَاذَا أَجَبْتَ الْمُرْسَلِينَ؟» (Allah will say on the Day of Judgement: "O Son of Adam! What has deceived you concerning Me O Son of Adam What was your response to the Messengers") Al-Baghawi mentioned that Al-Kalbi and Muqatil said, "This Ayah was revealed about Al-Aswad bin Shariq who struck the Prophet and he was not punished in retaliation. So Allah revealed, مَا غَرَّكَ بِرَبِّكَ الْكَرِيمِ (What has made you careless about your Lord, the Most Generous)" Then Allah said, الَّذِى خَلَقَكَ فَسَوَّاكَ فَعَدَلَكَ (Who created you, fashioned you perfectly, and gave you due proportion.) meaning, `what has deceived you concerning the Most Generous Lord' الَّذِى خَلَقَكَ فَسَوَّاكَ فَعَدَلَكَ (Who created you, fashioned you perfectly, and gave you due proportion.) meaning, `He made you complete, straight, and perfectly balanced and proportioned in stature. He fashioned you in the best of forms and shapes.' Imam Ahmad recorded from Busr bin Jahhash Al-Qurashi that one day the Messenger of Allah ﷺ spat in his palm and placed his finger on it. Then he said, «قَالَ اللهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ: يَا ابْنَ آدَمَ أَنْى تُعْجِزُنِي وَقَدْ خَلَقْتُكَ مِنْ مِثْلِ هذِهِ؟ حَتْى إِذَا سَوَّيْتُكَ وَعَدَلْتُكَ مَشَيْتَ بَيْنَ بُرْدَيْنِ، وَلِلْأَرْضِ مِنْكَ وَئِيدٌ، فَجَمَعْتَ وَمَنَعْتَ حَتْى إِذَا بَلَغَتِ التَّرَاقِيَ قُلْتَ: أَتَصَدَّقُ وَأَنَّى أَوَانُ الصَّدَقَةِ؟» (Allah the Mighty and Sublime says: "O Son of Adam! How can you escape Me when I created you from something similar to this (spit) Then I fashioned you and made your creation balanced so that you walked between the two outer garments. And the earth has a burial place for you. So you gathered (wealth) and withheld it until your soul reached your collarbone (i.e., death comes). Then, at that time you say, `I will give charity now.' But how will there be time for charity") This Hadith has also been recorded by Ibn Majah . Concerning Allah's statement, فِى أَىِّ صُورَةٍ مَّا شَآءَ رَكَّبَكَ (In whatever form He willed, He put you together.) Mujahid said, "In which resemblance: the father, the mother, the paternal uncle, or the maternal uncle." In the Two Sahihs it is recorded from Abu Hurayrah that a man said, "O Messenger of Allah! Verily, my wife has given birth to a black boy." The Prophet said, «هَلْ لَكَ مِنْ إِبِلٍ؟» (Do you have any camels) The man said, "Yes." The Prophet then said, «فَمَا أَلْوَانُهَا» (What color are they) The man said, "Red." The Prophet said, «فَهَلْ فِيهَا مِنْ أَوْرَق» (Do any of them have patches of gray) The man said, "Yes." The Prophet asked him, «فَأَنْى أَتَاهَا ذلِك» (How did this happen to them) The man replied, "It is probably an inherited genetical strain." The Prophet then said, «وَهَذَا عَسَى أَنْ يَكُونَ نَزَعَهُ عِرْق» (Likewise, this (with your son) is probably an inherited genetical strain.) The Cause of Deception and alerting to the Fact that Angels record the Deeds of the Children of Adam Concerning Allah's statement, كَلاَّ بَلْ تُكَذِّبُونَ بِالدِّينِ (Nay! But you deny (the Day of) Ad-Din.) meaning, `you are only compelled to oppose the Most Generous and meet Him with disobedience, by your rejection in your hearts of the Hereafter, the recompense and the reckoning.' Concerning Allah's statement, وَإِنَّ عَلَيْكُمْ لَحَـفِظِينَ - كِرَاماً كَـتِبِينَ - يَعْلَمُونَ مَا تَفْعَلُونَ (But verily, over you to watch you (are) Kiraman Katibin, they know all that you do.) (82:10-12) meaning, `indeed there are noble guardian angels over you, so do not meet them with evil deeds, because they write down all that you do.'