The Mansions of the Stars, The Constellations — Verse 11

Indeed those who believe and perform righteous deeds for them there will be gardens underneath which rivers flow that is the supreme triumph.

إن الذين صدَّقوا الله ورسوله وعملوا الأعمال الصالحات، لهم جنات تجري من تحت قصورها الأنهار، ذلك الفوز العظيم.

يخبر تعالى عن عباده المؤمنين أن لهم جنات تجري من تحتها الأنهار خالدين فيها بخلاف ما أعـد لأعدائه من الحريق والجحيم ولهذا قال "ذلك الفوز الكبير".

ثم بين - سبحانه - بعد ذلك ما أعده للمؤمنين والمؤمنات من ثواب وعطاه كريم فقال : ( إِنَّ الذين آمَنُواْ وَعَمِلُواْ ) الأعمال ( الصالحات لَهُمْ ) أى : عند ربهم ( جَنَّاتٌ تَجْرِي مِن تَحْتِهَا الأنهار ) أى تجرى من تحت أشجارها وبساتينها الأنهار ( ذَلِكَ ) العطاء هو ( الفوز الكبير ) الذى لا فوز يضارعه أو يقاربه .

القول في تأويل قوله تعالى : إِنَّ الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا وَعَمِلُوا الصَّالِحَاتِ لَهُمْ جَنَّاتٌ تَجْرِي مِنْ تَحْتِهَا الأَنْهَارُ ذَلِكَ الْفَوْزُ الْكَبِيرُ (11)يقول تعالى ذكره: إن الذين أقرّوا بتوحيد الله، وهم هؤلاء القوم الذين حرّقهم أصحاب الأخدود وغيرهم من سائر أهل التوحيد ( وَعَمِلُوا الصَّالِحَاتِ ) يقول: وعملوا بطاعة الله، وأْتَمروا لأمره، وانتهَوْا عما نهاهم عنه ( لَهُمْ جَنَّاتٍ تَجْرِي مِنْ تَحْتِهَا الأنْهَارُ ) يقول: لهم في الآخرة عند الله بساتين تجري من تحتها الأنهار والخمر واللبن والعسل ( ذَلِكَ الْفَوْزُ الْكَبِيرُ ) يقول: هذا الذي هو لهؤلاء المؤمنين في الآخرة، هو الظفر الكبير بما طلبوا والتمسوا بإيمانهم بالله في الدنيا، وعملهم بما أمرهم الله به فيها ورضيه منهم.

ثم ذكر ما أعد للمؤمنين فقال : ( إن الذين آمنوا وعملوا الصالحات لهم جنات تجري من تحتها الأنهار ذلك الفوز الكبير ) واختلفوا في جواب القسم : فقال بعضهم : جوابه : " قتل أصحاب الأخدود " يعني لقد قتل .وقيل : فيه تقديم وتأخير ، تقديره : قتل أصحاب الأخدود والسماء ذات البروج .

إِنَّ الَّذِينَ آَمَنُوا وَعَمِلُوا الصَّالِحَاتِ لَهُمْ جَنَّاتٌ تَجْرِي مِنْ تَحْتِهَا الْأَنْهَارُ ذَلِكَ الْفَوْزُ الْكَبِيرُ (11)يجوز أن يكون استئنافاً بيانياً ناشئاً عن قوله : { ثم لم يتوبوا } المقتضي أنهم إن تابوا لم يكن لهم عذاب جهنم فيتشوف السامعُ إلى معرفة حالهم أمقصورة على السلامة من عذاب جهنم أو هي فوق ذلك ، فأخبر بأن لهم جنات فإن التوبة الإِيمان ، فلذلك جيء بصلة { آمنوا } دون : تابوا : ليدل على أن الإِيمان والعمل الصالح هو التوبة من الشرك الباعث على فتن المؤمنين ، وهذا الاستئناف وقع معترضاً .ويجوز أن يكون اعتراضاً بين جملة { إن الذين فتنوا المؤمنين } [ البروج : 10 ] وجملة : { إن بطش ربك لشديد } [ البروج : 12 ] اعتراضاً بالبشارة في خلال الإِنذار لترغيب المنذرين في الإِيمان ، ولتثبيت المؤمنين على ما يلاقونه من أذى المشركين على عادة القرآن في إرداف الإِرهاب بالترغيب .والتأكيد ب { إنَّ } للاهتمام بالخبر .والإِشارة في { ذلك } إلى المذكور من اختصاصهم بالجنات والأنهار .و { الكبير } : مستعار للشديد في بابه ، والفوز : مصدر .

ولما ذكر عقوبة الظالمين، ذكر ثواب المؤمنين، فقال: { إِنَّ الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا } بقلوبهم { وَعَمِلُوا الصَّالِحَاتِ } بجوارحهم { لَهُمْ جَنَّاتٌ تَجْرِي مِنْ تَحْتِهَا الْأَنْهَارُ ذَلِكَ الْفَوْزُ الْكَبِيرُ } الذي حصل به الفوز برضا الله ودار كرامته.

إن الذين آمنوا أي هؤلاء الذين كانوا آمنوا بالله ; أي صدقوا به وبرسله .وعملوا الصالحات لهم جنات أي بساتين . تجري من تحتها الأنهار من ماء غير آسن ، ومن لبن لم يتغير طعمه ، ومن خمر لذة للشاربين ، وأنهار من عسل مصفى .ذلك الفوز الكبير أي العظيم ، الذي لا فوز يشبهه .

The perfect organisation of the system of the universe ensures that the Day of Final Judgement will come. Tidings of this very Day have been given by all the prophets and their true deputies. In spite of this, those who do not accept the Truth and even become the enemies of the preachers of the Truth, indulge in such aggressiveness and arrogance that they cannot save themselves from the dreadful consequences. However, those who give a positive response to the call for Truth, in spite of different kinds of difficulties, will receive the greatest possible reward from Merciful God.

إِنَّ الَّذِينَ فَتَنُوا الْمُؤْمِنِينَ وَالْمُؤْمِنَاتِ ثُمَّ لَمْ يَتُوبُوا (Surely, those who persecuted the believing men and the believing women, then did not repent,...85:10) This verse describes the torment of the wrong-doers who burned the Muslims in the fire pit only on account of their faith. The description points out two things: [ 1] فَلَهُمْ عَذَابُ جَهَنَّمَ them there is the torment of Jahannam) and [ 2] وَلَهُمْ عَذَابُ الْحَرِيقِ (and for them there is the torment of burning). The second sentence may be treated as explicative of the first sentence, a statement for emphasis. It signifies that they will be put into Hell and will have to suffer eternal torment of the fire. Another possible interpretation is that the second statement describes the wrong-doers' torment in this world, as is narrated in some reports. The believers, who had been cast in fire pits, were spared the torture of fire, in that the souls of the believers were taken out before the fire could touch them. Only their dead bodies were lying in the fiery furnace. After that the fire flared up so high that it spread out wildly through the city and burned all those who were watching the fun of burning the Muslims. Only Yusuf Dhu Nuwas managed to run away, and threw himself into the sea in order to save himself from the rage of the fire, but he got drowned and died. [ Mazhari ]. Attached to the torment of Hell and the torment of burning for the wrong-doers is the restrictive phrase: ثُمَّ لَمْ يَتُوبُوا (then did not repent). That is, this torment is for those who did not repent of their deed and did not offer taubah. Thus this part of the verse invites people to repent. Sayyidna Hasan ؓ states: "Look at Allah's compassion and benevolence. They burned Allah's friends alive, yet He invites them towards repentance and forgiveness." [ Ibn Kathir ]. Alhamdulillah The Commentary on Surah Al-Buruj Ends here

Allah then mentioned the believers who did not renounce their religion despite being tortured, saying: (Lo! those who believe) in Allah (and do good works) privately between themselves and their Lord, (theirs will be Gardens beneath which) beneath its trees and habitations (rivers flow) rivers of wine, water, honey and milk flow. (That is the Great Success) they earned the Garden and were saved from the Fire.

The Reward of the Righteous, and the Harsh Seizing of the Disbelieving Enemies of Allah Allah informs about His believing servants that لَهُمْ جَنَّـتٍ تَجْرِى مِن تَحْتِهَا الأَنْهَـرُ (for them will be Gardens under which rivers flow.) This is the opposite of what he has prepared for His enemies of Fire and Hell. Thus, He says, ذَلِكَ الْفَوْزُ الْكَبِيرُ (That is the supreme success.) Then Allah says, إِنَّ بَطْشَ رَبِّكَ لَشَدِيدٌ (Verily, the punishment of your Lord is severe and painful.) meaning, indeed His punishment and His vengeance upon His enemies, who have rejected His Messengers, and opposed His command, is severe, great and strong. For verily, He is the Owner of power, Most Strong. He is the One that whatever He wants, then it will be however He wants it to be, in the matter of a blinking of an eye, or even swifter. Thus, Allah says, إِنَّهُ هُوَ يُبْدِىءُ وَيُعِيدُ (Verily, He it is Who begins and repeats.) meaning, from His perfect strength and power is that He begins the creation, and He repeats it just as He began it, without opposition or resistance. وَهُوَ الْغَفُورُ الْوَدُودُ (And He is Oft-Forgiving, Al-Wadud.) meaning, He forgives the sin of whoever repents to Him and humbles himself before Him, no matter what the sin may be. Ibn `Abbas and others have said about the name Al-Wadud, "It means Al-Habib (the Loving)." ذُو الْعَرْشِ (Owner of the Throne,) meaning, the Owner of the Mighty Throne that is above all of the creation. Then He says, الْمَجِيدِ (Al-Majid (the Glorious).) This word has been recited in two different ways: either with a Dhammah over its last letter (Al-Majidu), which is an attribute of the Lord, or with a Kasrah under its last letter (Al-Majid), which is a description of the Throne. Nevertheless, both meanings are correct. فَعَّالٌ لِّمَا يُرِيدُ (Doer of what He intends.) meaning, whatever He wants He does it, and there is no one who can counter His ruling. He is not asked about what He does due to His greatness, His power, His wisdom and His justice. This is as we have related previously from Abu Bakr As-Siddiq, that it was said to him during the illness of (his) death, "Has a doctor seen you" He replied, "Yes." They said, "What did he say to you" He replied, "He said, `I am the Doer of whatever I intend."' Concerning Allah's statement, هَلُ أَتَاكَ حَدِيثُ الْجُنُودِ - فِرْعَوْنَ وَثَمُودَ (Has the story reached you of the hosts. Of Fir`awn and Thamud) meaning, has the news reached you of what Allah caused to befall them of torment, and that He sent down upon them the punishment that no one was able to ward off from them This is the affirmation of His statement, إِنَّ بَطْشَ رَبِّكَ لَشَدِيدٌ (Verily, the punishment of your Lord is severe and painful.) meaning, when He seizes the wrongdoer, He seizes him with a severe and painful punishment. It is the seizing punishment of One Most Mighty, and Most Powerful. Then Allah says, بَلِ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُواْ فِى تَكْذِيبٍ (Nay! The disbelievers (persisted) in denying.) meaning, they are in doubt, suspicion, disbelief and rebellion. وَاللَّهُ مِن وَرَآئِهِمْ مُّحِيطٌ (And Allah encompasses them from behind!) meaning, He has power over them, and is able to compel them. They cannot escape Him or evade Him. بَلْ هُوَ قُرْءَانٌ مَّجِيدٌ (Nay! This is a Glorious Qur'an.) meaning, magnificent and noble. فِى لَوْحٍ مَّحْفُوظٍ (In Al-Lawh Al-Mahfuz!) meaning, among the most high gathering, guarded from any increase, decrease, distortion, or change. This is the end of the Tafsir of Surat Al-Buruj, and all praise and blessings are due to Allah.