She That Disputeth, The Pleading Woman, She Who Pleaded — Verse 17

Neither their possessions nor their children will avail them in any way against God against His chastisement. Those — they are the inhabitants of the Fire wherein they will abide.

لن تدفع عن المنافقين أموالهم ولا أولادهم مِن عذاب الله شيئًا، أولئك أهل النار يدخلونها فيبقون فيها أبدا، لا يخرجون منها. وهذا الجزاء يعم كلَّ من صدَّ عن دين الله بقوله أو فعله.

قال تعالى "لن تغني عنهم أموالهم ولا أولادهم من الله شيئا" أي لن يدفع ذلك عنهم بأسا إذا جاءهم "أولئك أصحاب النار هم فيها خالدون".

وقوله - سبحانه - : ( لَّن تُغْنِيَ عَنْهُمْ أَمْوَالُهُمْ وَلاَ أَوْلاَدُهُمْ مِّنَ الله شَيْئاً . . ) رد على ما كانوا يزعمونه من أنهم لن يعذبوا ، لأنهم أكثر أموالا وأولادا من المؤمنين .قال القرطبى : " قال مقاتل : قال المنافقون إن محمدا يزعم أنه ينصر يوم القيامة لقد شقينا إذاً فوالله لننصرن يوم القيامة بأنفسنا وأولادنا وأموالنا إن كانت قيامة ، فنزلت " .ومن المعروف أن عبد الله بن أبى بن سلول - زعيم المنافقين - ، كان من أغنياء المدينة ، وكان يوطن نفسه على أن يكون رئيسا للمدينة قبيل - الإسلام ، وهو القائل - كما حكى القرآن عنه - : ( لَئِن رَّجَعْنَآ إِلَى المدينة لَيُخْرِجَنَّ الأعز مِنْهَا الأذل ) أى : أن هؤلاء المنافقين المتفاخرين بأموالهم وأولادهم ، لن تغنى عنهم أموالهم ولا أولادهم شيئا من الغناء .( أولئك ) المنافقون هم ( أَصْحَابُ النار هُمْ فِيهَا خَالِدُونَ ) خلودا أبديا .

القول في تأويل قوله تعالى : لَنْ تُغْنِيَ عَنْهُمْ أَمْوَالُهُمْ وَلا أَوْلادُهُمْ مِنَ اللَّهِ شَيْئًا أُولَئِكَ أَصْحَابُ النَّارِ هُمْ فِيهَا خَالِدُونَ (17)يقول تعالى ذكره: لن تغني عن هؤلاء المنافقين يوم القيامة أموالهم، فيفتدوا بها من عذاب الله المهين لهم ولا أولادهم، فينصرونهم ويستنقذونهم من الله إذا عاقبهم (أُولَئِكَ أَصْحَابُ النَّارِ ) يقول: هؤلاء الذين تولوا قومًا غضب الله عليهم، وهم المنافقون أصحاب النار، يعني أهلها الذين هم فيها خالدون، يقول: هم في النار ماكثون إلى غير النهاية.

"لن تغني عنهم"، يوم القيامة، "أموالهم ولا أولادهم من الله شيئاً أولئك أصحاب النار هم فيها خالدون".

لَنْ تُغْنِيَ عَنْهُمْ أَمْوَالُهُمْ وَلَا أَوْلَادُهُمْ مِنَ اللَّهِ شَيْئًا أُولَئِكَ أَصْحَابُ النَّارِ هُمْ فِيهَا خَالِدُونَ (17)مناسب لقوله : { اتخذوا أيمانهم جنة } [ المجادلة : 16 ] فكما لم تَقِهم أيمانهم العذابَ لم تُغن عنهم أموالهم ولا أنصارهم شيئاً يوم القيامة .وكان المنافقون من أهل الثراء بالمدينة ، وكان ثراؤهم من أسباب إعراضهم عن قبول الإِسلام لأنهم كانوا أهل سيادة فلم يرضوا أن يصيروا في طبقة عموم الناس . وكان عبد الله بنُ أُبيّ ابن سلول مهيّأً لأن يملكوه على المدينة قبيل إسلام الأنصار ، فكانوا يفخرون على المسلمين بوفرة الأموال وكثرة العشائر وذلك في السنة الأولى من الهجرة ، ومن ذلك قول عبدِ الله بن أُبيّ ابن سلول «لئن رجعنا إلى المدينة ليُخرجن الأعزّ منها الأذل» يريد بالأعز فريقه وبالأذل فريق المسلمين فآذنهم الله بأن أموالهم وأولادهم لا تغني عنهم مما توعدهم الله به من المذلة في الدنيا والعذاب في الآخرة قال تعالى : { لئن لم ينته المنافقون والذين في قلوبهم مرض والمرجفون في المدينة لنغرينك بهم ثم لا يجاورونك فيها إلا قليلاً ملعونين أينما ثقفوا أخذوا وقتلوا تقتيلاً } [ الأحزاب : 60 ، 61 ] . وإذا لم تغن عنهم من الله في الدنيا فإنها أجدر بأن لا تغني عنهم من عذاب الآخرة شيئاً ، أي شيئاً قليلاً من الإِغناء .وعن مقاتل : أنهم قالوا : إن محمداً يزعم أنه ينصر يوم القيامة لقد شقينا إذن . فوالله لنُنْصَرَنّ يوم القيامة بأنفسنا وأولادنا وأموالنا إن كانت قيامة . فنزلت هذه الآية .وإقحام حرف النفي في المعطوف على المنفي لتوكيد انتفاء الإِغناء .ومعنى { من الله } من بأس الله أو من عذابه . وحذفُ مثل هذا كثير في الكلام . وتقديره ظاهر . ويلقب هذا الاستعمال عند علماء أصول الفقه بإضافة الحكم إلى الأعيان على إرادة أشهر أحوالها نحو { حرمت عليكم الميتة } [ المائدة : 3 ] ، أي أكلها .وجملة { لن تغني عنهم أموالهم } الخ خبر ثالث أو ثان عن ( إنّ ) في قوله تعالى : { إنهم ساء ما كانوا يعملون } [ المجادلة : 15 ] .وجملة { أولئك أصحاب النار هم فيها خالدون } في موضع العلة لِجملة { لن تغني عنهم أموالهم ولا أولادهم من الله شيئاً } ، أي لأنهم أصحاب النار ، أي حق عليهم أنهم أصحاب النار . وصاحب الشيء ملازمه فلا يفارقه . إذ قد تقرر من قوله : { أعد الله لهم عذاباً شديداً } [ المجادلة : 15 ] ومن قوله : { فلهم عذاب مهين } [ المجادلة : 16 ] أنهم لا محيص لهم عن النار ، فكيف تغني عنهم أموالهم وأولادهم شيئاً من عذاب النار . وهذا كقوله تعالى : { أفمن حق عليه كلمة العذاب أفأنت تنقذ من في النار } [ الزمر : 19 ] أي ما أنت تنقذه من النار . فإن اسم الإِشارة في مثل هذا الموقع ينبه على أن المشار إليه صار جديراً بما يرد بعد اسم الإِشارة من أجل الأخبار التي أخبر بها عنه قبل اسم الإِشارة كما تقدم في قوله تعالى : { أولئك على هدى من ربهم } في سورة [ البقرة : 5 ] .

{ لَنْ تُغْنِيَ عَنْهُمْ أَمْوَالُهُمْ وَلَا أَوْلَادُهُمْ مِنَ اللَّهِ شَيْئًا } فلا تدفع عنهم شيئا من العذاب، ولا تحصل لهم قسطا من الثواب، { أُولَئِكَ أَصْحَابُ النَّارِ } الملازمون لها، الذين لا يخرجون عنها، و { هُمْ فِيهَا خَالِدُونَ } ومن عاش على شيء مات عليه.

قوله تعالى : لن تغني عنهم أموالهم ولا أولادهم من الله شيئا أي : من عذابه شيئا . وقال مقاتل : قال المنافقون : إن محمدا يزعم أنه ينصر يوم القيامة ، لقد شقينا إذا فوالله لننصرن يوم القيامة بأنفسنا وأولادنا وأموالنا إن كانت قيامة .

When a self-seeking man opposes the call for Truth, he thinks that he is thus making himself safe. But in the Hereafter, when he sees that the things on which he relied are of no avail on the day of judgement, he will be struck with horror. A hypocrite, in order to vindicate his position, indulges in tall talk to the extent of taking oaths as an assurance of his sincerity. After doing all this, he thinks that he has been very clever and that he has provided some support for himself. But when the blast of Doomsday opens the secrets of realities, he will come to know at that time that his attempts at vindication were simply a series of false words taught by Satan as ‘certain proof’ of his innocence.

Commentary Chastising the Hypocrites for their Secret Alliance with the Jews أَلَمْ تَرَ‌ إِلَى الَّذِينَ تَوَلَّوْا قَوْمًا غَضِبَ اللَّـهُ عَلَيْهِم (Have you not seen those who have friendship with a people with whom Allah is angry? ....58:14) Allah condemns the hypocrites who secretly formed an alliance with the Jews who challenge Allah and His Apostle, while in effect they belong neither to the Muslims nor to the Jews. Consequently, Allah has prepared for them a humiliating and condign chastisement. It is not permissible to have a friendly intimacy with the enemies of Allah and His Messenger ﷺ - whether the unbelievers are Jews, or Christians, or pagans or of any other creed. Even rationally this is not possible, because the capital asset of a believer is the love of Allah, while a non-believer relishes in opposing and challenging Him. It is not possible for a person to have sincere love and affection for someone and to love and have intimacy with the latter's enemy. Here 'love', 'affection' or 'intimacy' refers to the one coming from the heart involving intense emotional commitment (which necessarily includes having love with his way of life. Ed.). This is called Muwalah or 'intimate friendship'. This type of friendship is limited to sincere Muslims. Therefore, the Qur'anic verses on many occasions strictly prohibit Muslims from having this sort of relationship with non-Muslims. Any Muslim who has such intimate friendship with non-Muslims will be seen to fall in the circle of unbelievers. In contra-distinction to Muwalah [ intimate friendship ], there is a concept of Muwalah which refers to the relationship based on sympathy, kindness and concern. It includes charitable assistance and support, business, commercial, trade dealings and economic cooperation, condolence and consolation and any well-meaning attitude of well-being and welfare. Barring unbelievers who are at war with the believers, this kind of relationship is permissible with all other non-Muslims. The paradigm of the Holy Prophet ﷺ and the noble Companions ؓ in this direction is ample testimony to this practice. However, it is necessary to ensure that the relationship of Muwalah is not harmful to the cause of religion; it should not create laxity in 'faith and practice' of Islam nor should it 'harm, hurt or injure' other Muslims. Please see Ma` ariful Qur'an, Vol. 2/ pp 54-61: under Surah Al-` Imran: v.28-30 for a detailed account of the distinction between Muwalat [ intimate friendship ], Muwasat [ sympathy ] and Muamalat [ dealings ] or Mudarah [ cordiality ]. وَيَحْلِفُونَ عَلَى الْكَذِبِ (and they swear false oaths ...58:14). It means they swear oaths profanely. According to some reports, this verse was revealed in connection with ` Abdullah Ibn 'Ubayy and ` Abdullah Ibn Nabtal: One day the Messenger of Allah ﷺ was sitting with his noble Companions ؓ and said to them: "Soon a person will come to you whose heart will be the heart of a tyrant and who sees through the Shaitan's eyes." Soon afterwards ` Abdullah Ibn Nabtal, the hypocrite, entered. He was blue-eyed, wheat-coloured, short-statured and skimpy-bearded. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ asked him: "Why do you and your comrades use obscene words against me?" He swore that he did not do that. Then he called his comrades and they too took this false oath. Allah told the Holy Prophet ﷺ ; about their lie and profane oath. [ Qurtubi ]

(Their wealth) the abundance of the wealth of the hypocrites and the Jews (and their children) and the abundance of their children (will avail them naught against Allah) against Allah's chastisement. (Such) the hypocrites and the Jews (are rightful owners of the Fire) the inhabitants of the Fire; (they will abide therein) for eternity, neither to die nor leave it.

Chastising the Hypocrites Allah chastises the hypocrites for secretly aiding and supporting the disbelievers even though, in reality, they were neither with the disbelievers nor with the Muslims. Allah the Exalted said in another Ayah, مُّذَبْذَبِينَ بَيْنَ ذلِكَ لاَ إِلَى هَـؤُلاءِ وَلاَ إِلَى هَـؤُلاءِ وَمَن يُضْلِلِ اللَّهُ فَلَن تَجِدَ لَهُ سَبِيلاً ((They are) swaying between this and that, belonging neither to these nor to those; and he whom Allah sends astray, you will not find for him a way.)(4:143) Allah said here, أَلَمْ تَرَ إِلَى الَّذِينَ تَوَلَّوْاْ قَوْماً غَضِبَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِم (Have you not seen those who take as friends a people upon whom is the wrath of Allah) referring to the Jews with whom the hypocrites were allies in secret. Allah said, مَّا هُم مِّنكُمْ وَلاَ مِنْهُمْ (They are neither of you nor of them,) meaning, that these hypocrites are neither with the believers, nor with their allies the Jews, وَيَحْلِفُونَ عَلَى الْكَذِبِ وَهُمْ يَعْلَمُونَ (and they swear to a lie while they know.) meaning, the hypocrites lie when they vow, knowing that they are lying, which is called the vow of Al-Ghamus. We seek refuge with Allah from their ways. When the hypocrites met the believers they said that they believed and when they went to the Messenger, they swore to him by Allah that they were believers. They knew that they were lying in their vow, and they knew that they did not declare their true creed. This is why Allah witnessed here that they lie in their vows and know that they are lying, even though their statement (about the Prophet being Allah's Prophet) is true in essence. Allah the Exalted said, أَعَدَّ اللَّهُ لَهُمْ عَذَاباً شَدِيداً إِنَّهُمْ سَآءَ مَا كَانُواْ يَعْمَلُونَ (Allah has prepared for them a severe torment. Evil indeed is that which they used to do.) meaning, Allah has prepared a painful torment for the hypocrites on account of their evil deeds, their aid and support of the disbelievers and their deceit and betrayal of the believers. The statement of Allah the Exalted, اتَّخَذْواْ أَيْمَـنَهُمْ جُنَّةً فَصَدُّواْ عَن سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ (They have made their oaths a screen. Thus they hinder (others) from the path of Allah,) meaning, the hypocrites pretended to be believers and concealed disbelief under the shield of their false oaths. Many were unaware of their true stance and were thus deceived by their oaths. Because of this, some people were hindered from the Path of Allah فَلَهُمْ عَذَابٌ مُّهِينٌ (so they shall have a humiliating torment.) meaning, as recompense for belittling the significance of swearing by the Mighty Name of Allah, while lying and concealing betrayal. Allah the Exalted said, لَن تُغْنِىَ عَنْهُمْ أَمْوَلُهُمْ وَلاَ أَوْلـدُهُم مِّنَ اللَّهِ شَيْئًا (Their children and their wealth will avail them nothing against Allah.) meaning, none of their possessions can avert the affliction when it is sent their way, أُولَـئِكَ أَصْحَـبُ النَّارِ هُمْ فِيهَا خَـلِدُونَ (They will be the dwellers of the Fire to dwell therein forever.) Allah the Exalted said, يَوْمَ يَبْعَثُهُمُ اللَّهِ جَمِيعاً (On the Day when Allah will resurrect them all together;) referring to the Day of Resurrection when He will gather them all together and leave none of them out, فَيَحْلِفُونَ لَهُ كَمَا يَحْلِفُونَ لَكُمْ وَيَحْسَبُونَ أَنَّهُمْ عَلَى شَىْءٍ (then they will swear to Him as they swear to you. And they think that they have something.) meaning, they will swear to Allah the Exalted and Most Honored that they were following the guidance and the correct path, just as they used to swear to the believers in this worldly life. Verily, those who live following on a certain path will most likely die while on it. Thus, they will be resurrected upon their path. The hypocrites will think that their vows will help them with Allah, just as they helped with the people, who were obliged to treat them as they pretended to be, Muslim. This is why Allah said, وَيَحْسَبُونَ أَنَّهُمْ عَلَى شَىْءٍ (And they think that they have something) meaning, on account of swearing to their Lord (that they used to be believers). Allah rebukes this idea of theirs; أَلاَ إِنَّهُمْ هُمُ الْكَـذِبُونَ (Verily, they are liars!) stressing that they are lying, Allah then said; اسْتَحْوَذَ عَلَيْهِمُ الشَّيْطَـنُ فَأَنسَـهُمْ ذِكْرَ اللَّهِ (The Shaytan has overpowered them. So he has made them forget the remembrance of Allah.) meaning, Shaytan has taken over their hearts to the point that he made them forget Allah the Exalted and Most Honored. This is what the devil does to those whom he controls. Abu Dawud recorded that Abu Ad-Darda' said that he heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ say, «مَا مِنْ ثَلَاثَةٍ فِي قَرْيَةٍ وَلَا بَدْوٍ، لَا تُقَامُ فِيهِمُ الصَّلَاةُ إِلَّا قَدِ اسْتَحْوَذَ عَلَيْهِمُ الشَّيْطَانُ، فَعَلَيْكَ بِالْجَمَاعَةِ، فَإِنَّمَا يَأْكُلُ الذِّئْبُ الْقَاصِيَة» (Any three in a village or desert among whom the Salah is not called for, will have the Shaytan control them. Therefore, adhere to the Jama`ah, for the wolf eats from the strayed sheep.) Za'idah added that As-Sa'ib said that Jama`ah, refers to, "Praying in congregation." Allah the Exalted said, أُوْلَـئِكَ حِزْبُ الشَّيْطَـنِ (They are the party of Shaytan.) referring to those who are controlled by the devil and, as a result, forgot the remembrance of Allah, أَلاَ إِنَّ حِزْبَ الشَّيْطَـنِ هُمُ الخَـسِرُونَ (Verily, it is the party of Shaytan that will be the losers!)