Jonah — Verse 7

The Abode of Those Who deny the Hour is Hell-Fire Allah describes the state of the wretched who disbelieved in the meeting with Allah on the Day of Resurrection and did not look forward to it, who were well-pleased with the life of this world and at rest in it. Al-Hasan said: "They adorned it and praised it until they were well pleased with it. Whereas they were heedless of Allah's signs in the universe, they did not contemplate them. They were also heedless of Allah's Laws, for they didn't abide by them. Their abode on the Day of Return is Fire, a reward for what they have earned in their worldly life from among their sins and crimes. That is beside their disbelief in Allah, His Messenger and the Last Day."

Truly those who do not expect to encounter Us through resurrection and are content with the life of this world instead of the life the Hereafter since they reject the truth of it and feel reassured feel secure in it and those who are heedless of Our signs of the proofs of Our Oneness neglecting to ponder them

Surely those who do not hope for Our encounter, are content with the life of this world and at rest with it, and those who are heedless of Our signs, it is they whose refuge will be the Fire for what they were earning. The unbelievers do not hope for the vision of the Real, for they deny it. Inescapably they will never reach it. The faithful have faith in the vision of the Real and hope that they will reach it. Inescap- ably they will reach it. This is the same as what MuṣṬafā said: " When someone hears of the Real's generosity " -that is, he hears a report that the Real is generous toward the servant and will caress him with the vision of Him- " but does not accept the report and does not have faith in the vision, he will never reach that generosity. " It has been said that they do not hope to see the Real because they have not yearned, they do not yearn because they have not loved, they do not love because they have not recognized, they do not recognize because they have not sought, and they do not seek because the Real has not brought them into seeking and has shut the door of seeking. So, all is from God and according to His desire and will. God says, " Surely the final end is unto thy Lord " [53:42]. Had He desired that they seek Him, they would have sought Him. Had they sought, they would have recognized. Had they recognized, they would have loved. Had they loved, they would have yearned. Had they yearned for Him, they would have hoped for His encounter. Had they hoped for His encounter, they would have seen Him. God says, " And had We willed, We would have given every soul its guidance " [32:13]. As for those who do not hope for His encounter, their home will be chastisement and separation. This declaration shows that the final goal of those who hope for His encounter is union, encounter, and nearness.

Surely those who do not hope for Our encounter, are content with the life of this world and at rest with it, and those who are heedless of Our signs, it is they whose refuge will be the Fire for what they were earning. The unbelievers do not hope for the vision of the Real, for they deny it. Inescapably they will never reach it. The faithful have faith in the vision of the Real and hope that they will reach it. Inescap- ably they will reach it. This is the same as what MuṣṬafā said: " When someone hears of the Real's generosity " -that is, he hears a report that the Real is generous toward the servant and will caress him with the vision of Him- " but does not accept the report and does not have faith in the vision, he will never reach that generosity. " It has been said that they do not hope to see the Real because they have not yearned, they do not yearn because they have not loved, they do not love because they have not recognized, they do not recognize because they have not sought, and they do not seek because the Real has not brought them into seeking and has shut the door of seeking. So, all is from God and according to His desire and will. God says, " Surely the final end is unto thy Lord " [53:42]. Had He desired that they seek Him, they would have sought Him. Had they sought, they would have recognized. Had they recognized, they would have loved. Had they loved, they would have yearned. Had they yearned for Him, they would have hoped for His encounter. Had they hoped for His encounter, they would have seen Him. God says, " And had We willed, We would have given every soul its guidance " [32:13]. As for those who do not hope for His encounter, their home will be chastisement and separation. This declaration shows that the final goal of those who hope for His encounter is union, encounter, and nearness.

Surely those who do not hope for Our encounter, are content with the life of this world and at rest with it, and those who are heedless of Our signs, it is they whose refuge will be the Fire for what they were earning. The unbelievers do not hope for the vision of the Real, for they deny it. Inescapably they will never reach it. The faithful have faith in the vision of the Real and hope that they will reach it. Inescap- ably they will reach it. This is the same as what MuṣṬafā said: " When someone hears of the Real's generosity " -that is, he hears a report that the Real is generous toward the servant and will caress him with the vision of Him- " but does not accept the report and does not have faith in the vision, he will never reach that generosity. " It has been said that they do not hope to see the Real because they have not yearned, they do not yearn because they have not loved, they do not love because they have not recognized, they do not recognize because they have not sought, and they do not seek because the Real has not brought them into seeking and has shut the door of seeking. So, all is from God and according to His desire and will. God says, " Surely the final end is unto thy Lord " [53:42]. Had He desired that they seek Him, they would have sought Him. Had they sought, they would have recognized. Had they recognized, they would have loved. Had they loved, they would have yearned. Had they yearned for Him, they would have hoped for His encounter. Had they hoped for His encounter, they would have seen Him. God says, " And had We willed, We would have given every soul its guidance " [32:13]. As for those who do not hope for His encounter, their home will be chastisement and separation. This declaration shows that the final goal of those who hope for His encounter is union, encounter, and nearness.

Surely those who do not hope for Our encounter, are content with the life of this world and at rest with it, and those who are heedless of Our signs, it is they whose refuge will be the Fire for what they were earning. The unbelievers do not hope for the vision of the Real, for they deny it. Inescapably they will never reach it. The faithful have faith in the vision of the Real and hope that they will reach it. Inescap- ably they will reach it. This is the same as what MuṣṬafā said: " When someone hears of the Real's generosity " -that is, he hears a report that the Real is generous toward the servant and will caress him with the vision of Him- " but does not accept the report and does not have faith in the vision, he will never reach that generosity. " It has been said that they do not hope to see the Real because they have not yearned, they do not yearn because they have not loved, they do not love because they have not recognized, they do not recognize because they have not sought, and they do not seek because the Real has not brought them into seeking and has shut the door of seeking. So, all is from God and according to His desire and will. God says, " Surely the final end is unto thy Lord " [53:42]. Had He desired that they seek Him, they would have sought Him. Had they sought, they would have recognized. Had they recognized, they would have loved. Had they loved, they would have yearned. Had they yearned for Him, they would have hoped for His encounter. Had they hoped for His encounter, they would have seen Him. God says, " And had We willed, We would have given every soul its guidance " [32:13]. As for those who do not hope for His encounter, their home will be chastisement and separation. This declaration shows that the final goal of those who hope for His encounter is union, encounter, and nearness.

Surely those who do not hope for Our encounter, are content with the life of this world and at rest with it, and those who are heedless of Our signs, it is they whose refuge will be the Fire for what they were earning.The unbelievers do not hope for the vision of the Real, for they deny it. Inescapably they will never reach it. The faithful have faith in the vision of the Real and hope that they will reach it. Inescap- ably they will reach it. This is the same as what MuṣṬafā said: " When someone hears of the Real's generosity " -that is, he hears a report that the Real is generous toward the servant and will caress him with the vision of Him- " but does not accept the report and does not have faith in the vision, he will never reach that generosity. "It has been said that they do not hope to see the Real because they have not yearned, they do not yearn because they have not loved, they do not love because they have not recognized, they do not recognize because they have not sought, and they do not seek because the Real has not brought them into seeking and has shut the door of seeking. So, all is from God and according to His desire and will. God says, " Surely the final end is unto thy Lord " [53:42].Had He desired that they seek Him, they would have sought Him. Had they sought, theywould have recognized. Had they recognized, they would have loved. Had they loved, they would have yearned. Had they yearned for Him, they would have hoped for His encounter. Had they hoped for His encounter, they would have seen Him. God says, " And had We willed, We would have given every soul its guidance " [32:13]. As for those who do not hope for His encounter, their home will be chastisement and separation. This declaration shows that the final goal of those who hope for His encounter is union, encounter, and nearness.

إن الذين لا يطمعون في لقائنا في الآخرة للحساب، وما يتلوه من الجزاء على الأعمال لإنكارهم البعث، ورضوا بالحياة الدنيا عوضًا عن الآخرة، وركنوا إليها، والذين هم عن آياتنا الكونية والشرعية ساهون.

يخبر الله تعالى عن حال الأشقياء الذين كفروا بلقاء الله يوم القيامة ولا يرجون في لقائه شيئا ورضوا بهذه الحياة الدنيا واطمأنت إليها نفوسهم. قال الحسن: والله ما زينوها ولا رفعوها حتى رضوا بها وهم غافلون عن آيات الله الكونية فلا يتفكرون فيها والشرعية فلا يأتمرون بها.

ثم بينت السورة الكريمة ما أعده الله من عذاب للكافرين ، وما أعده من ثواب للطائعين ، فقال - تعالى - :( إِنَّ الذين لاَ يَرْجُونَ لِقَآءَنَا وَرَضُواْ . . . ) .قال الإِمام الرازي : " اعلم أنه - تعالى - لما أقام الدلائل على صحة القول بإثبات الإِله القادر الرحيم الحكيم ، وعلى صحة القول بالمعاد والحشر والنشر ، شرع بعده فى شرح أحوال من يكفر بها وفي شرح أحوال من يؤمن بها " .والمراد بلقائه - سبحانه - الرجوع إليه يوم القيامة للحساب والجزاء . والمعنى : إن الذين لا يرجون ولا يتوقعون لقاءنا يوم القيامة لحسابهم على أعمالهم فى الدنيا ( وَرَضُواْ بالحياة الدنيا ) رضاء جعلهم لا يفكرون إلا فى التشبع من زينتها ومتعها ، وأطمأنوا بها ، اطمئنانا صيرهم يفرحون بها ويسكنون إليها ( والذين هُمْ عَنْ آيَاتِنَا ) التنزيلية والكونية الدالة على وحدانيتنا وقدرتنا ( غافلون ) بحيث لا يخطر على بالهم شيء مما يدل عليه هذه الآيات من عبر وعظات .فأنت ترى أن الله - تعالى - قد وصف هؤلاء الأشقياء بأربع صفات ذميمة .وصفهم - أولا - بعدم الرجاء فى لقاء الله - بأن صاروا لا يطمعون فى ثواب ، ولا يخافون من عقاب ، لإِنكار الدار الآخرة .ووصفهم - ثانيا - بأنهم رضوا بالحياة الدنيا ، بأن أصبح همهم محصورا فيها ، وفي لذائذها وشهواتها .قال الإِمام الرازي : " واعلم أن الصفة الأولى إشارة إلى خلو قلبه عن اللذات الروحانية ، وفراغه عن طلب السعادات الحصالة بالمعارف الربانية ، وأما هخذه الصفة الثانية فهي إشارة إلى من استغرقه الله فى طلب اللذات الجسمانية واكتفائه بها ، واستغراقه فى طلبها " .ووصفهم - ثالثا - بأنهم اطمأنوا بهذه الحياة ، اطمئنان الشخص إلى الشيء الذى لا ملاذ له سواه ، فإذا كان السعداء يطمئنون إلى ذكر الله ، فإن هؤلاء الأشقياء ماتت قلوبهم عن كل خير ، وصارت لا تطمئن إلا إلى زينة الحياة الدنيا .ووصفهم - رابعا - بالغفلة عن آيات الله التى توقظ القلب ، وتهدي العقل ، وتحفز النفس إلى التفكير والتدبير .وبالجملة فهذه الصفات الأربعة تدل دلالة واضحة على أن هؤلاء الأشقياء قد آثروا دنياهم على أخراهم ، واستحبوا الضلالة على الهدى ، واستبدلوا الذى هو أدنى بالذي هو خير .

القول في تأويل قوله تعالى : إِنَّ الَّذِينَ لا يَرْجُونَ لِقَاءَنَا وَرَضُوا بِالْحَيَاةِ الدُّنْيَا وَاطْمَأَنُّوا بِهَا وَالَّذِينَ هُمْ عَنْ آيَاتِنَا غَافِلُونَ (7)قال أبو جعفر : يقول تعالى ذكره: إن الذين لا يخافون لقاءَنا يوم القيامة، فهم لذلك مكذِّبون بالثواب والعقاب، متنافسون في زين الدنيا وزخارفها، راضُون بها عوضًا من الآخرة، مطمئنين إليها ساكنين (1) ، والذين هم عن آيات الله ، وهي أدلته على وحدانيته، وحججه على عباده ، في إخلاص العبادة له ، (غافلون) ، معرضون عنها لاهون، (2) لا يتأملونها تأمُّل ناصح لنفسه، فيعلموا بها حقيقة ما دلَّتهم عليه، ويعرفوا بها بُطُول ما هم عليه مقيمون.--------------------الهوامش :(1) انظر تفسير " الاطمئنان " فيما سلف 13 : 418 ، تعليق : 2 ، والمراجع هناك .(2) انظر تفسير " الغفلة " فيما سلف 13 : 281 ، تعليق : 2 ، والمراجع هناك .

( إن الذين لا يرجون لقاءنا ) أي : لا يخافون عقابنا ولا يرجون ثوابنا . والرجاء يكون بمعنى الخوف والطمع ، ( ورضوا بالحياة الدنيا ) فاختاروها وعملوا لها ، ( واطمأنوا بها ) سكنوا إليها . ( والذين هم عن آياتنا غافلون ) أي : عن أدلتنا غافلون لا يعتبرون . وقال ابن عباس رضي الله عنهما : عن آياتنا عن محمد صلى الله عليه وسلم والقرآن غافلون معرضون .

هذا استئناف وعيد للذين لم يؤمنوا بالبعث ولا فكروا في الحياة الآخرة ولم ينظروا في الآيات نشأ عن الاستدلال على ما كفروا به من ذلك جمعاً بين الاستدلال المناسب لأهل العقول وبين الوعيد المناسب للمعرضين عن الحق إشارة إلى أن هؤلاء لا تنفعهم الأدلة وإنما ينتفع بها الذين يعلمون ويتقون وأما هؤلاء فهم سادرون في غُلوائهم حتى يلاقوا العذاب . وإذ قد تقرر الرجوع إليه للجزاء تأتَّى الوعيد لمنكري البعث الذين لا يرجون لقاء ربهم وَالمصيرَ إليه .ولوقوع هذه الجملة موقع الوعيد الصالح لأن يعلمه الناس كلهم مؤمنهم وكافرهم عدل فيها عن طريقة الخطاب بالضمير إلى طريقة الإظهار ، وجيء بالموصولية للإيماء إلى أن الصلة علة في حُصول الخبر .وقد جُعل عنوان الذين لا يرجون لقاءنا علامة عليهم فقد تكرر وقوعه في القرآن . ومن المواقع ما لا يستقيم فيه اعتبار الموصولية إلا للاشتهار بالصلة كما سنذكر عند قوله تعالى : { وإذا تتلى عليهم آياتنا بينات قال الذين لا يرجون لقاءنا ائت بقرآن غير هذا } في هذه السورة [ 15 ].والرجاء : ظن وقوع الشيء من غير تقييد كون المظنون محبوباً وإن كان ذلك كثيراً في كلامهم لكنه ليس بمتعيّن . فمعنى : { لا يرجون لقاءنا } لا يظنونه ولا يتوقعونه .ومعنى : { رضوا بالحياة الدنيا } أنهم لم يعملوا النظر في حياة أخرى أرقى وأبقى لأن الرضا بالحياة الدنيا والاقتناع بأنها كافية يصرف النظر عن أدلة الحياة الآخرة ، وأهل الهدى يرون الحياة الدنيا حياةً ناقصة فيشعرون بتطلب حياة تكون أصفى من أكدارها فلا يلبثون أن تطلع لهم أدلة وجودها ، وناهيك بإخبار الصادق بها ونصب الأدلة على تعيّن حصولها ، فلهذا جعل الرضى بالحياة الدنيا مذمة ومُلقياً في مهواة الخسران .وفي الآية إشارة إلى أن البهجة بالحياة الدنيا والرضى بها يكون مقدارُ التوغل فيهما بمقدار ما يصرف عن الاستعداد إلى الحياة الآخرة . وليس ذلك بمقتض الإعراض عن الحياة الدنيا فإن الله أنعم على عباده بنعم كثيرة فيها وجب الاعتراف بفضله بها وشكره عليها والتعرف بها إلى مراتب أعلى هي مراتب حياة أخرى والتزود لها . وفي ذلك مقامات ودرجات بمقدار ما تهيأت له النفوس العالية من لذات الكمالات الروحية ، وأعلاها مقام قول النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم « فقلتُ ما لي وللدنيا » والاطمئنان : السكون يكون في الجسد وفي النفس وهو الأكثر ، قال تعالى : { يأيتها النفس المطئنة } [ الفجر : 27 ]. وقد تقدم تصريف هذا الفعل عند قوله تعالى : { ولكن ليطمئن قلبي } في سورة [ البقرة : 260 ].ومعنى اطمئنوا بها } سكنت أنفسهم وصرفوا هممهم في تحصيل منافعها ولم يسعوا لتحصيل ما ينفع في الحياة الآخرة ، لأن السكون عند الشيء يقتضي عدم التحرك لغيره .وعن قتادة : إذا شئت رأيت هذا الموصوفَ صاحب دنيا ، لها يرضى ، ولها يغضب ، ولها يفرح ، ولها يهتم ويحزن .والذين هم غافلون هم عين الذين لا يرجون اللقاء ، ولكن أعيد الموصول للاهتمام بالصلة والإيماء إلى أنها وحدها كافية في استحقاق ما سيذكر بعدها من الخبر . وإنما لم يعد الموصول في قوله : { ورضوا بالحياة الدنيا } لأن الرضى بالحياة الدنيا من تكملة معنى الصلة التي في قوله : { إن الذين لا يرجون لقاءنا }.والمراد بالغفلة : إهمال النظر في الآيات أصلاً ، بقرينة المقام والسياق وبما تومىء إليه الصلة بالجملة الاسمية { هم عن آياتنا غافلون } الدالة على الدوام ، وبتقديم المجرور في قوله { عن آياتنا غافلون } من كون غفلتهم غفلة عن آيات الله خاصة دون غيرها من الأشياء فليسوا من أهل الغفلة عنها مما يدل مجموعه على أن غفلتهم عن آيات الله دأب لهم وسجية ، وأنهم يعتمدونها فتؤول إلى معنى الإعراض عن آيات الله وإباء النظر فيها عناداً ومكابرة . وليس المراد مَن تعرِض له الغفلة عن بعض الآيات في بعض الأوقات .

يقول تعالى { إِنَّ الَّذِينَ لَا يَرْجُونَ لِقَاءَنَا } أي: لا يطمعون بلقاء الله، الذي هو أكبر ما طمع فيه الطامعون، وأعلى ما أمله المؤملون، بل أعرضوا عن ذلك، وربما كذبوا به { وَرَضُوا بِالْحَيَاةِ الدُّنْيَا } بدلا عن الآخرة. { وَاطْمَأَنُّوا بِهَا } أي: ركنوا إليها، وجعلوها غاية مرامهم ونهاية قصدهم، فسعوا لها وأكبوا على لذاتها وشهواتها، بأي طريق حصلت حصلوها، ومن أي وجه لاحت ابتدروها، قد صرفوا إرادتهم ونياتهم وأفكارهم وأعمالهم إليها. فكأنهم خلقوا للبقاء فيها، وكأنها ليست دار ممر، يتزود منها المسافرون إلى الدار الباقية التي إليها يرحل الأولون والآخرون، وإلى نعيمها ولذاتها شمر الموفقون. { وَالَّذِينَ هُمْ عَنْ آيَاتِنَا غَافِلُونَ } فلا ينتفعون بالآيات القرآنية، ولا بالآيات الأفقية والنفسية، والإعراض عن الدليل مستلزم للإعراض والغفلة، عن المدلول المقصود.

قوله تعالى إن الذين لا يرجون لقاءنا ورضوا بالحياة الدنيا واطمأنوا بها والذين هم عن آياتنا غافلون[ ص: 227 ] قوله تعالى إن الذين لا يرجون لقاءنا يرجون يخافون ; ومنه قول الشاعر :إذا لسعته النحل لم يرج لسعها وخالفها في بيت نوب عواسلوقيل يرجون يطمعون ; ومنه قول الآخر :أيرجو بنو مروان سمعي وطاعتي وقومي تميم والفلاة ورائيافالرجاء يكون بمعنى الخوف والطمع ; أي لا يخافون عقابا ولا يرجون ثوابا . وجعل لقاء العذاب والثواب لقاء لله تفخيما لهما . وقيل : يجري اللقاء على ظاهره ، وهو الرؤية ; أي لا يطمعون في رؤيتنا . وقال بعض العلماء : لا يقع الرجاء بمعنى الخوف إلا مع الجحد ; كقوله تعالى : ما لكم لا ترجون لله وقارا . وقال بعضهم : بل يقع بمعناه في كل موضع دل عليه المعنى .قوله تعالى ورضوا بالحياة الدنيا أي رضوا بها عوضا من الآخرة فعملوا لها . واطمأنوا بها أي فرحوا بها وسكنوا إليها ، وأصل اطمأن طمأن من طمأنينة ، فقدمت ميمه وزيدت نون وألف وصل ، ذكره الغزنوي .والذين هم عن آياتنا أي عن أدلتنا غافلون لا يعتبرون ولا يتفكرون .

For whom is hell meant? It is for those who have forgotten that they will have to face God; those who have contented themselves with the temporary amenities of this world as opposed to the eternal bounties of the Hereafter; those who are satisfied with the things that purely as a matter of trial they have received in this world; those who attach themselves to ungodly things to such an extent that they become completely unmindful of the realities revealed by God. All this amounts to treading the path of hell in the eyes of God, and those who adopt the way of hell will not arrive anywhere except in hell.

Commentary In the previous verses, by mentioning the heavens and the earth and the Moon and the Sun, prominent manifestations of Allah's perfect power and wisdom, the belief in the Oneness of Allah and the Hereafter was proved eloquently. The first three of the present verses tell us that, despite such open signs and evidences spread out in this universe, human beings split up in two groups. One of the two groups was of those who paid just no heed to these Divine signs, failed to recognize their creator and master and failed to recognize even themselves. It never occurred to them that they were no animal like other animals. They never discovered that their Almighty Lord had blessed them with intelligence, reason and commonsense in a degree much higher than that of the animals. Their Lord had put the entire resources of Divine creation at their doorsteps. Everything was as if commissioned to serve them. This should have made them realize that there has to be something their Lord would want them to do, some duty or obligation or charge. If that had to be the case, they would have to ac-count for whatever they had been asked to do. And for this it would be necessary that there should be a day fixed for ultimate reckoning and recompense - known as the day of Qiyamah or al-Hashr (Doomsday, Resurrection) in the terminology of the Qur'an. But, such people did nothing like that, instead, preferred to live their lives at the level of common animals. In the first two verses, after giving the signs and marks of these people, the text mentions the punishment they would receive in the Hereafter. The first thing the text tells is that such people did not think that they would meet their Lord. They have forgotten all about the inevitability of their life in the Hereafter and have become pleased and content with their worldly life alone. Then, they are sitting there, so satisfied and so content, as if they just do not have to go anywhere else from here. This, to them, was the end of the line and this was where they have to live forever. It never occurs to them that everyone has to bid farewell to this world. This is so open a truth that no one can go about doubting it. And when going away from here is certain, then, some preparation has to be made for the place one is going to. And then, they are continuously heedless to Allah's verses and signs. Had they pondered over the marvel of the heavens and the earth and what was created in between them and, for that matter, over what was in the their own person, they would have understood the reality behind everything and they would have thus come out of their fatal negligence. The punishment of people whose signs have been given above is the fire of Jahannam that waits for them in the Hereafter - and this punishment is nothing but the outcome of their own deeds. How regrettable that the signs of disbelievers and deniers pin-pointed by the Qur'an are no different as far as our own present condition as Muslims is concerned. By looking at our way of life and the pattern of our activities and thoughts, no one can come to the conclusion that we have some other concern bothering us except the concerns of this world under our noses. Yet, despite all that, we sit comfortably believing that we are Muslims, as staunch and true as they come. The hard reality is that the kind of staunch and true Muslims our worthy forbears were has become unimaginable for us. They were the ones a look at whose faces would remind one of God and transmit unmistakably that they feared someone above them and their hearts throbbed with the concern of being accountable to Him. Not to say more about these wonderful people, even the Holy Prophet ﷺ despite being protected from sins (ma` sum مَعصُوم), lived his blessed life in that state. It appears in Shama'il al-Tirmidhi that the Holy Prophet ﷺ looked sad and concerned fairly often.

(Lo! those who expect not) those who fear not (the meeting with Us) through resurrection after death; it is also said that this means: those who do not believe in resurrection after death (but desire the life of the world) but choose instead what is in the life of this world over the Hereafter (and feel secure therein) and are pleased with this life, (and those who are neglectful) deniers (of Our revelations) Muhammad (pbuh) and the Qur'an,