Tafsir al-Tustari

Sahl al-Tustari — b. 203 AH / 818 CE · d. 283 AH / 896 CE Sunni (Sufi) Early Sufi Master

Tafsir al-Tustari as-Saff الصَّفّ (The Ranks, Battle Array) 14 verses · Medinan

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بِسْمِ ٱللَّهِ ٱلرَّحْمَـٰنِ ٱلرَّحِيمِ
In the name of God, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful
61:1 ›
سَبَّحَ لِلَّهِ مَا فِی ٱلسَّمَـٰوَ ٰتِ وَمَا فِی ٱلۡأَرۡضِۖ وَهُوَ ٱلۡعَزِیزُ ٱلۡحَكِیمُ ۝١
Abdel Haleem
Everything in the heavens and earth glorifies God––He is the Almighty, the Wise
Connections 1 multi-source 2 single-source 4 commentators

Multi-source connections cited by 2+ commentators

Single-source mentions (2) cited by only one commentator
By commentator who cites how many verses on this ayah

Note: these connections are extracted from numeric S:A references inside the commentary text and are therefore biased toward mufassirun who use that notation. Prose-style references (e.g. "Surat al-Baqarah verse 30") will be added later, which should surface additional multi-source consensus.

61:2 ›
یَـٰۤأَیُّهَا ٱلَّذِینَ ءَامَنُوا۟ لِمَ تَقُولُونَ مَا لَا تَفۡعَلُونَ ۝٢
Abdel Haleem
You who believe, why do you say things and then do not do them
Sahl al-Tustari

You who believe, why do you say [you will do] what you do not do?[Sahl] said:Truly God warns His servants about making claims that they do not substantiate. Such claims require of [the servant] that from this day on he fulfil one of the rights of God, which is that he becomes free of (barāʾa), and repents from (tawba), every sin that he has committed.[The one who makes claims] says �I will act tomorrow�, but there is no one who makes a claim without overlooking the right of God from two points of view: both outwardly and inwardly. The one who makes claims (muddaʿī) has no fear; the one who has no fear is not safe (āmin); and the one who is not safe is one who has not acquainted himself with the recompense (jazāʾ).He also said:Those who desire the Hereafter are many. However, there are but two [kinds of] servant whose sufficiency (kifāya) God takes care of: [one is] the simple servant who is nonetheless sincere in his quest, puts his trust in God (mutawakkil), and is true to Him; his Master will suffice him and take care of all of his affairs. The other is the servant who is knowledgeable about God, His days, His commandments and His prohibitions; God will suffice him with all he needs in this world and, when he passes on to the Hereafter, ⸢he will have ease (istirāḥa)⸣. God will pay no attention to any other than these two [kinds of servant], because the others claimed what they did not have.Ibn ʿAyniyya said concerning this verse:Why do you speak about a matter which does not concern you, for you do not know whether you will do that or not.His words, Exalted is He:

Connections 2 single-source 1 commentator

Multi-source connections

No verses on this ayah are cited by 2 or more commentators using numeric S:A notation. All extracted references come from a single source's commentary.

Single-source mentions (2) cited by only one commentator
By commentator who cites how many verses on this ayah

Note: these connections are extracted from numeric S:A references inside the commentary text and are therefore biased toward mufassirun who use that notation. Prose-style references (e.g. "Surat al-Baqarah verse 30") will be added later, which should surface additional multi-source consensus.

61:3 ›
كَبُرَ مَقۡتًا عِندَ ٱللَّهِ أَن تَقُولُوا۟ مَا لَا تَفۡعَلُونَ ۝٣
Abdel Haleem
It is most hateful to God that you say things and then do not do them
Connections 1 single-source 1 commentator

Multi-source connections

No verses on this ayah are cited by 2 or more commentators using numeric S:A notation. All extracted references come from a single source's commentary.

Single-source mention (1) cited by only one commentator
By commentator who cites how many verses on this ayah

Note: these connections are extracted from numeric S:A references inside the commentary text and are therefore biased toward mufassirun who use that notation. Prose-style references (e.g. "Surat al-Baqarah verse 30") will be added later, which should surface additional multi-source consensus.

61:4 ›
إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ یُحِبُّ ٱلَّذِینَ یُقَـٰتِلُونَ فِی سَبِیلِهِۦ صَفࣰّا كَأَنَّهُم بُنۡیَـٰنࣱ مَّرۡصُوصࣱ ۝٤
Abdel Haleem
God truly loves those who fight in solid lines for His cause, like a well-compacted wall
61:5 ›
وَإِذۡ قَالَ مُوسَىٰ لِقَوۡمِهِۦ یَـٰقَوۡمِ لِمَ تُؤۡذُونَنِی وَقَد تَّعۡلَمُونَ أَنِّی رَسُولُ ٱللَّهِ إِلَیۡكُمۡۖ فَلَمَّا زَاغُوۤا۟ أَزَاغَ ٱللَّهُ قُلُوبَهُمۡۚ وَٱللَّهُ لَا یَهۡدِی ٱلۡقَوۡمَ ٱلۡفَـٰسِقِینَ ۝٥
Abdel Haleem
Moses said to his people, ‘My people, why do you hurt me when you know that I am sent to you by God?’ When they went astray, God left their hearts to stray: God does not guide rebellious people
Connections 3 single-source 1 commentator

Multi-source connections

No verses on this ayah are cited by 2 or more commentators using numeric S:A notation. All extracted references come from a single source's commentary.

Single-source mentions (3) cited by only one commentator
By commentator who cites how many verses on this ayah

Note: these connections are extracted from numeric S:A references inside the commentary text and are therefore biased toward mufassirun who use that notation. Prose-style references (e.g. "Surat al-Baqarah verse 30") will be added later, which should surface additional multi-source consensus.

61:6 ›
وَإِذۡ قَالَ عِیسَى ٱبۡنُ مَرۡیَمَ یَـٰبَنِیۤ إِسۡرَ ٰۤءِیلَ إِنِّی رَسُولُ ٱللَّهِ إِلَیۡكُم مُّصَدِّقࣰا لِّمَا بَیۡنَ یَدَیَّ مِنَ ٱلتَّوۡرَىٰةِ وَمُبَشِّرَۢا بِرَسُولࣲ یَأۡتِی مِنۢ بَعۡدِی ٱسۡمُهُۥۤ أَحۡمَدُۖ فَلَمَّا جَاۤءَهُم بِٱلۡبَیِّنَـٰتِ قَالُوا۟ هَـٰذَا سِحۡرࣱ مُّبِینࣱ ۝٦
Abdel Haleem
Jesus, son of Mary, said, ‘Children of Israel, I am sent to you by God, confirming the Torah that came before me and bringing good news of a messenger to follow me whose name will be Ahmad.’ Yet when he came to them with clear signs, they said, ‘This is obviously sorcery.’
Connections 3 single-source 1 commentator

Multi-source connections

No verses on this ayah are cited by 2 or more commentators using numeric S:A notation. All extracted references come from a single source's commentary.

Single-source mentions (3) cited by only one commentator
By commentator who cites how many verses on this ayah

Note: these connections are extracted from numeric S:A references inside the commentary text and are therefore biased toward mufassirun who use that notation. Prose-style references (e.g. "Surat al-Baqarah verse 30") will be added later, which should surface additional multi-source consensus.

61:7 ›
وَمَنۡ أَظۡلَمُ مِمَّنِ ٱفۡتَرَىٰ عَلَى ٱللَّهِ ٱلۡكَذِبَ وَهُوَ یُدۡعَىٰۤ إِلَى ٱلۡإِسۡلَـٰمِۚ وَٱللَّهُ لَا یَهۡدِی ٱلۡقَوۡمَ ٱلظَّـٰلِمِینَ ۝٧
Abdel Haleem
Who could be more wrong than someone who invents lies against God when called to submit to Him? God does not guide the wrongdoers
61:8 ›
یُرِیدُونَ لِیُطۡفِءُوا۟ نُورَ ٱللَّهِ بِأَفۡوَ ٰهِهِمۡ وَٱللَّهُ مُتِمُّ نُورِهِۦ وَلَوۡ كَرِهَ ٱلۡكَـٰفِرُونَ ۝٨
Abdel Haleem
they wish to put His light out with their mouths. But He will perfect His light, even though the disbelievers hate it
Sahl al-Tustari

They desire to extinguish the light of God with their mouths�This means: with their tongues they denied the proof (ḥujja) of the Prophet that appeared to them, and with their souls they turned away from it. But God bound (qayyada) some souls to accept him, namely, those whom He brought into existence under the decree of eternal bliss, and He adorned some hearts with the lights of His gnosis (maʿrifa), and the secrets of its light by virtue of firm belief (taṣdīq). So they spent freely of their whole being (muhaj) and their possessions for Him, like al-Ṣiddīq and al-Fārūq, and the other honourable Companions, y. His words, Exalted is He:

61:9 ›
هُوَ ٱلَّذِیۤ أَرۡسَلَ رَسُولَهُۥ بِٱلۡهُدَىٰ وَدِینِ ٱلۡحَقِّ لِیُظۡهِرَهُۥ عَلَى ٱلدِّینِ كُلِّهِۦ وَلَوۡ كَرِهَ ٱلۡمُشۡرِكُونَ ۝٩
Abdel Haleem
it is He who sent His Messenger with guidance and the religion of truth to show that it is above all [other] religions, even though the idolaters hate it
61:10 ›
یَـٰۤأَیُّهَا ٱلَّذِینَ ءَامَنُوا۟ هَلۡ أَدُلُّكُمۡ عَلَىٰ تِجَـٰرَةࣲ تُنجِیكُم مِّنۡ عَذَابٍ أَلِیمࣲ ۝١٠
Abdel Haleem
You who believe, shall I show you a bargain that will save you from painful torment
Connections 2 single-source 1 commentator

Multi-source connections

No verses on this ayah are cited by 2 or more commentators using numeric S:A notation. All extracted references come from a single source's commentary.

Single-source mentions (2) cited by only one commentator
By commentator who cites how many verses on this ayah

Note: these connections are extracted from numeric S:A references inside the commentary text and are therefore biased toward mufassirun who use that notation. Prose-style references (e.g. "Surat al-Baqarah verse 30") will be added later, which should surface additional multi-source consensus.

61:11 ›
تُؤۡمِنُونَ بِٱللَّهِ وَرَسُولِهِۦ وَتُجَـٰهِدُونَ فِی سَبِیلِ ٱللَّهِ بِأَمۡوَ ٰلِكُمۡ وَأَنفُسِكُمۡۚ ذَ ٰلِكُمۡ خَیۡرࣱ لَّكُمۡ إِن كُنتُمۡ تَعۡلَمُونَ ۝١١
Abdel Haleem
Have faith in God and His Messenger and struggle for His cause with your possessions and your persons––that is better for you, if only you knew
Connections 2 single-source 1 commentator

Multi-source connections

No verses on this ayah are cited by 2 or more commentators using numeric S:A notation. All extracted references come from a single source's commentary.

Single-source mentions (2) cited by only one commentator
By commentator who cites how many verses on this ayah

Note: these connections are extracted from numeric S:A references inside the commentary text and are therefore biased toward mufassirun who use that notation. Prose-style references (e.g. "Surat al-Baqarah verse 30") will be added later, which should surface additional multi-source consensus.

61:12 ›
یَغۡفِرۡ لَكُمۡ ذُنُوبَكُمۡ وَیُدۡخِلۡكُمۡ جَنَّـٰتࣲ تَجۡرِی مِن تَحۡتِهَا ٱلۡأَنۡهَـٰرُ وَمَسَـٰكِنَ طَیِّبَةࣰ فِی جَنَّـٰتِ عَدۡنࣲۚ ذَ ٰلِكَ ٱلۡفَوۡزُ ٱلۡعَظِیمُ ۝١٢
Abdel Haleem
and He will forgive your sins, admit you into Gardens graced with flowing streams, into pleasant dwellings in the Gardens of Eternity. That is the supreme triumph
Connections 3 single-source 2 commentators

Multi-source connections

No verses on this ayah are cited by 2 or more commentators using numeric S:A notation. All extracted references come from a single source's commentary.

Single-source mentions (3) cited by only one commentator
By commentator who cites how many verses on this ayah

Note: these connections are extracted from numeric S:A references inside the commentary text and are therefore biased toward mufassirun who use that notation. Prose-style references (e.g. "Surat al-Baqarah verse 30") will be added later, which should surface additional multi-source consensus.

61:13 ›
وَأُخۡرَىٰ تُحِبُّونَهَاۖ نَصۡرࣱ مِّنَ ٱللَّهِ وَفَتۡحࣱ قَرِیبࣱۗ وَبَشِّرِ ٱلۡمُؤۡمِنِینَ ۝١٣
Abdel Haleem
And He will give you something else that will really please you: His help and an imminent breakthrough. [Prophet], give the faithful the good news
Connections 4 single-source 3 commentators

Multi-source connections

No verses on this ayah are cited by 2 or more commentators using numeric S:A notation. All extracted references come from a single source's commentary.

Single-source mentions (4) cited by only one commentator
By commentator who cites how many verses on this ayah

Note: these connections are extracted from numeric S:A references inside the commentary text and are therefore biased toward mufassirun who use that notation. Prose-style references (e.g. "Surat al-Baqarah verse 30") will be added later, which should surface additional multi-source consensus.

61:14 ›
یَـٰۤأَیُّهَا ٱلَّذِینَ ءَامَنُوا۟ كُونُوۤا۟ أَنصَارَ ٱللَّهِ كَمَا قَالَ عِیسَى ٱبۡنُ مَرۡیَمَ لِلۡحَوَارِیِّـۧنَ مَنۡ أَنصَارِیۤ إِلَى ٱللَّهِۖ قَالَ ٱلۡحَوَارِیُّونَ نَحۡنُ أَنصَارُ ٱللَّهِۖ فَءَامَنَت طَّاۤىِٕفَةࣱ مِّنۢ بَنِیۤ إِسۡرَ ٰۤءِیلَ وَكَفَرَت طَّاۤىِٕفَةࣱۖ فَأَیَّدۡنَا ٱلَّذِینَ ءَامَنُوا۟ عَلَىٰ عَدُوِّهِمۡ فَأَصۡبَحُوا۟ ظَـٰهِرِینَ ۝١٤
Abdel Haleem
You who believe, be God’s helpers. As Jesus, son of Mary, said to the disciples, ‘Who will come with me to help God?’ The disciples said, ‘We shall be God’s helpers.’ Some of the Children of Israel believed and some disbelieved: We supported the believers against their enemy and they were the ones who came out on top
Sahl al-Tustari

You who believe, be helpers of God�He said:That is, by accepting [that which comes] from Him, and heeding (istimāʿ) Him, and by obeying Him in what He has commanded you to do, and in what He has forbidden you from doing. But God, Glorified and Exalted is He, knows best.His words, Exalted is He:

Connections 1 single-source 1 commentator

Multi-source connections

No verses on this ayah are cited by 2 or more commentators using numeric S:A notation. All extracted references come from a single source's commentary.

Single-source mention (1) cited by only one commentator
By commentator who cites how many verses on this ayah

Note: these connections are extracted from numeric S:A references inside the commentary text and are therefore biased toward mufassirun who use that notation. Prose-style references (e.g. "Surat al-Baqarah verse 30") will be added later, which should surface additional multi-source consensus.

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