Tafsir al-Tustari

Sahl al-Tustari — b. 203 AH / 818 CE · d. 283 AH / 896 CE Sunni (Sufi) Early Sufi Master

Tafsir al-Tustari al-Layl اللَّيْل (The Night) 21 verses · Meccan

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بِسْمِ ٱللَّهِ ٱلرَّحْمَـٰنِ ٱلرَّحِيمِ
In the name of God, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful
92:1 ›
وَاللَّيْلِ إِذَا يَغْشَىٰ
Abdel Haleem
By the enshrouding night
Sahl al-Tustari

By the night as it enshrouds,He said:In its inner meaning it refers to the natural self (nafs al-ṭabʿ).

Connections 3 single-source 1 commentator

Multi-source connections

No verses on this ayah are cited by 2 or more commentators using numeric S:A notation. All extracted references come from a single source's commentary.

Single-source mentions (3) cited by only one commentator
By commentator who cites how many verses on this ayah

Note: these connections are extracted from numeric S:A references inside the commentary text and are therefore biased toward mufassirun who use that notation. Prose-style references (e.g. "Surat al-Baqarah verse 30") will be added later, which should surface additional multi-source consensus.

92:2 ›
وَالنَّهَارِ إِذَا تَجَلَّىٰ
Abdel Haleem
by the radiant day
Sahl al-Tustari

and [by] the day as it unveils,[It refers to] the spiritual self (nafs al-rūḥ).

Connections 3 single-source 1 commentator

Multi-source connections

No verses on this ayah are cited by 2 or more commentators using numeric S:A notation. All extracted references come from a single source's commentary.

Single-source mentions (3) cited by only one commentator
By commentator who cites how many verses on this ayah

Note: these connections are extracted from numeric S:A references inside the commentary text and are therefore biased toward mufassirun who use that notation. Prose-style references (e.g. "Surat al-Baqarah verse 30") will be added later, which should surface additional multi-source consensus.

92:3 ›
وَمَا خَلَقَ الذَّكَرَ وَالْأُنثَىٰ
Abdel Haleem
by His creation of male and female
Sahl al-Tustari

and [by] the One who created the male and the female,That is, by the One who created fear (khawf) and hope (rajāʾ), fear being the male and hope being the female.

Connections 3 single-source 1 commentator

Multi-source connections

No verses on this ayah are cited by 2 or more commentators using numeric S:A notation. All extracted references come from a single source's commentary.

Single-source mentions (3) cited by only one commentator
By commentator who cites how many verses on this ayah

Note: these connections are extracted from numeric S:A references inside the commentary text and are therefore biased toward mufassirun who use that notation. Prose-style references (e.g. "Surat al-Baqarah verse 30") will be added later, which should surface additional multi-source consensus.

92:4 ›
إِنَّ سَعْيَكُمْ لَشَتَّىٰ
Abdel Haleem
The ways you take differ greatly
Sahl al-Tustari

assuredly your efforts are dissimilar.There are some that are pure and some that are tainted with impurities (aḥdāth).

Connections 4 single-source 2 commentators

Multi-source connections

No verses on this ayah are cited by 2 or more commentators using numeric S:A notation. All extracted references come from a single source's commentary.

Single-source mentions (4) cited by only one commentator
By commentator who cites how many verses on this ayah

Note: these connections are extracted from numeric S:A references inside the commentary text and are therefore biased toward mufassirun who use that notation. Prose-style references (e.g. "Surat al-Baqarah verse 30") will be added later, which should surface additional multi-source consensus.

92:5 ›
فَأَمَّا مَنْ أَعْطَىٰ وَاتَّقَىٰ
Abdel Haleem
There is the one who gives, who is mindful of God
Sahl al-Tustari

As for him who gives and is mindful [of God]! And affirms the truth of the best [word],Abū Bakr al-Ṣiddīq gave of his soul and wealth with all his effort, and was on his guard against acquiescing in his natural self. He affirmed the truth of the best [word] � the word which attests to the divine oneness (kalimat al-tawḥīd). It has also been said [that this means affirming the truth of] the reward (jazāʾ), or that it means sincerity (ikhlāṣ).

Connections 4 single-source 2 commentators

Multi-source connections

No verses on this ayah are cited by 2 or more commentators using numeric S:A notation. All extracted references come from a single source's commentary.

Single-source mentions (4) cited by only one commentator
By commentator who cites how many verses on this ayah

Note: these connections are extracted from numeric S:A references inside the commentary text and are therefore biased toward mufassirun who use that notation. Prose-style references (e.g. "Surat al-Baqarah verse 30") will be added later, which should surface additional multi-source consensus.

92:6 ›
وَصَدَّقَ بِالْحُسْنَىٰ
Abdel Haleem
who testifies to goodness––
Sahl al-Tustari

As for him who gives and is mindful [of God]! And affirms the truth of the best [word],Abū Bakr al-Ṣiddīq gave of his soul and wealth with all his effort, and was on his guard against acquiescing in his natural self. He affirmed the truth of the best [word] � the word which attests to the divine oneness (kalimat al-tawḥīd). It has also been said [that this means affirming the truth of] the reward (jazāʾ), or that it means sincerity (ikhlāṣ).

Connections 4 single-source 2 commentators

Multi-source connections

No verses on this ayah are cited by 2 or more commentators using numeric S:A notation. All extracted references come from a single source's commentary.

Single-source mentions (4) cited by only one commentator
By commentator who cites how many verses on this ayah

Note: these connections are extracted from numeric S:A references inside the commentary text and are therefore biased toward mufassirun who use that notation. Prose-style references (e.g. "Surat al-Baqarah verse 30") will be added later, which should surface additional multi-source consensus.

92:7 ›
فَسَنُيَسِّرُهُ لِلْيُسْرَىٰ
Abdel Haleem
We shall smooth his way towards ease
Sahl al-Tustari

We shall surely ease his way to [the abode] of ease.That is, the return to goodness (khayr).

Connections 3 single-source 1 commentator

Multi-source connections

No verses on this ayah are cited by 2 or more commentators using numeric S:A notation. All extracted references come from a single source's commentary.

Single-source mentions (3) cited by only one commentator
By commentator who cites how many verses on this ayah

Note: these connections are extracted from numeric S:A references inside the commentary text and are therefore biased toward mufassirun who use that notation. Prose-style references (e.g. "Surat al-Baqarah verse 30") will be added later, which should surface additional multi-source consensus.

92:8 ›
وَأَمَّا مَن بَخِلَ وَاسْتَغْنَىٰ
Abdel Haleem
There is the one who is miserly, who is self-satisfied
Sahl al-Tustari

But as for one who is niggardly and deems himself self-sufficient,Abū Jahl was niggardly in offering obedience to God and His Prophet; and deems himself self-sufficient � he [Abū Jahl] made it self evident that he considered himself to have no need of either [God or His Prophet].

Connections 3 single-source 1 commentator

Multi-source connections

No verses on this ayah are cited by 2 or more commentators using numeric S:A notation. All extracted references come from a single source's commentary.

Single-source mentions (3) cited by only one commentator
By commentator who cites how many verses on this ayah

Note: these connections are extracted from numeric S:A references inside the commentary text and are therefore biased toward mufassirun who use that notation. Prose-style references (e.g. "Surat al-Baqarah verse 30") will be added later, which should surface additional multi-source consensus.

92:9 ›
وَكَذَّبَ بِالْحُسْنَىٰ
Abdel Haleem
who denies goodness––
Connections 3 single-source 1 commentator

Multi-source connections

No verses on this ayah are cited by 2 or more commentators using numeric S:A notation. All extracted references come from a single source's commentary.

Single-source mentions (3) cited by only one commentator
By commentator who cites how many verses on this ayah

Note: these connections are extracted from numeric S:A references inside the commentary text and are therefore biased toward mufassirun who use that notation. Prose-style references (e.g. "Surat al-Baqarah verse 30") will be added later, which should surface additional multi-source consensus.

92:10 ›
فَسَنُيَسِّرُهُ لِلْعُسْرَىٰ
Abdel Haleem
We shall smooth his way towards hardshi
Sahl al-Tustari

We shall surely ease his way to hardship,That is, We shall facilitate work[s] (ʿamal) for him � works that are as those of the people of the Fire. Do you not notice how He said directly after this:

Connections 4 single-source 2 commentators

Multi-source connections

No verses on this ayah are cited by 2 or more commentators using numeric S:A notation. All extracted references come from a single source's commentary.

Single-source mentions (4) cited by only one commentator
By commentator who cites how many verses on this ayah

Note: these connections are extracted from numeric S:A references inside the commentary text and are therefore biased toward mufassirun who use that notation. Prose-style references (e.g. "Surat al-Baqarah verse 30") will be added later, which should surface additional multi-source consensus.

92:11 ›
وَمَا يُغْنِي عَنْهُ مَالُهُ إِذَا تَرَدَّىٰ
Abdel Haleem
and his wealth will not help him as he falls
Sahl al-Tustari

and his wealth shall not avail him when he perishes.in the Fire.

Connections 3 single-source 1 commentator

Multi-source connections

No verses on this ayah are cited by 2 or more commentators using numeric S:A notation. All extracted references come from a single source's commentary.

Single-source mentions (3) cited by only one commentator
By commentator who cites how many verses on this ayah

Note: these connections are extracted from numeric S:A references inside the commentary text and are therefore biased toward mufassirun who use that notation. Prose-style references (e.g. "Surat al-Baqarah verse 30") will be added later, which should surface additional multi-source consensus.

92:12 ›
إِنَّ عَلَيْنَا لَلْهُدَىٰ
Abdel Haleem
Our part is to provide guidance––
Connections 1 single-source 1 commentator

Multi-source connections

No verses on this ayah are cited by 2 or more commentators using numeric S:A notation. All extracted references come from a single source's commentary.

Single-source mention (1) cited by only one commentator
By commentator who cites how many verses on this ayah

Note: these connections are extracted from numeric S:A references inside the commentary text and are therefore biased toward mufassirun who use that notation. Prose-style references (e.g. "Surat al-Baqarah verse 30") will be added later, which should surface additional multi-source consensus.

92:13 ›
وَإِنَّ لَنَا لَلْآخِرَةَ وَالْأُولَىٰ
Abdel Haleem
this world and the next belong to Us––
Sahl al-Tustari

Truly to Us belong the Hereafter and the first [life].The Hereafter is the spiritual self (nafs al-rūḥ), and the first [life] [i.e. this world] is the natural self (nafs al-ṭabʿ). He guides one person in the direction of [his] spiritual self and another in the direction of [his] natural self.His words, Exalted is He:

Connections 1 single-source 1 commentator

Multi-source connections

No verses on this ayah are cited by 2 or more commentators using numeric S:A notation. All extracted references come from a single source's commentary.

Single-source mention (1) cited by only one commentator
By commentator who cites how many verses on this ayah

Note: these connections are extracted from numeric S:A references inside the commentary text and are therefore biased toward mufassirun who use that notation. Prose-style references (e.g. "Surat al-Baqarah verse 30") will be added later, which should surface additional multi-source consensus.

92:14 ›
فَأَنذَرْتُكُمْ نَارًا تَلَظَّىٰ
Abdel Haleem
so I warn you about the raging Fire
Connections 1 single-source 1 commentator

Multi-source connections

No verses on this ayah are cited by 2 or more commentators using numeric S:A notation. All extracted references come from a single source's commentary.

Single-source mention (1) cited by only one commentator
By commentator who cites how many verses on this ayah

Note: these connections are extracted from numeric S:A references inside the commentary text and are therefore biased toward mufassirun who use that notation. Prose-style references (e.g. "Surat al-Baqarah verse 30") will be added later, which should surface additional multi-source consensus.

92:15 ›
لَا يَصْلَاهَا إِلَّا الْأَشْقَى
Abdel Haleem
in which none but the most wicked one will burn
Connections 4 single-source 2 commentators

Multi-source connections

No verses on this ayah are cited by 2 or more commentators using numeric S:A notation. All extracted references come from a single source's commentary.

Single-source mentions (4) cited by only one commentator
By commentator who cites how many verses on this ayah

Note: these connections are extracted from numeric S:A references inside the commentary text and are therefore biased toward mufassirun who use that notation. Prose-style references (e.g. "Surat al-Baqarah verse 30") will be added later, which should surface additional multi-source consensus.

92:16 ›
الَّذِي كَذَّبَ وَتَوَلَّىٰ
Abdel Haleem
who denied [the truth], and turned away
Connections 4 single-source 2 commentators

Multi-source connections

No verses on this ayah are cited by 2 or more commentators using numeric S:A notation. All extracted references come from a single source's commentary.

Single-source mentions (4) cited by only one commentator
By commentator who cites how many verses on this ayah

Note: these connections are extracted from numeric S:A references inside the commentary text and are therefore biased toward mufassirun who use that notation. Prose-style references (e.g. "Surat al-Baqarah verse 30") will be added later, which should surface additional multi-source consensus.

92:17 ›
وَسَيُجَنَّبُهَا الْأَتْقَى
Abdel Haleem
The most pious one will be spared this––
Sahl al-Tustari

The [one who is] most mindful of God will be spared it,! he who gives his wealth away to purify himself,He said:The one who is most mindful of God (atqā) refers to al-Ṣiddiq [Abū Bakr] , who was among people the one with the greatest awareness of God; for [other] people gave and were mindful of God, but he did not even see the ephemeral (al-fānī), keeping for himself [only] the Everlasting (al-Bāqī). Thus [when] the Messenger of God asked [him], �What did you leave for yourself?�, he replied, �God and His Messenger.� His words, Exalted is He:

Connections 1 single-source 1 commentator

Multi-source connections

No verses on this ayah are cited by 2 or more commentators using numeric S:A notation. All extracted references come from a single source's commentary.

Single-source mention (1) cited by only one commentator
By commentator who cites how many verses on this ayah

Note: these connections are extracted from numeric S:A references inside the commentary text and are therefore biased toward mufassirun who use that notation. Prose-style references (e.g. "Surat al-Baqarah verse 30") will be added later, which should surface additional multi-source consensus.

92:18 ›
الَّذِي يُؤْتِي مَالَهُ يَتَزَكَّىٰ
Abdel Haleem
who gives his wealth away as self-purification
Sahl al-Tustari

The [one who is] most mindful of God will be spared it,! he who gives his wealth away to purify himself,He said:The one who is most mindful of God (atqā) refers to al-Ṣiddiq [Abū Bakr] , who was among people the one with the greatest awareness of God; for [other] people gave and were mindful of God, but he did not even see the ephemeral (al-fānī), keeping for himself [only] the Everlasting (al-Bāqī). Thus [when] the Messenger of God asked [him], �What did you leave for yourself?�, he replied, �God and His Messenger.� His words, Exalted is He:

Connections 1 single-source 1 commentator

Multi-source connections

No verses on this ayah are cited by 2 or more commentators using numeric S:A notation. All extracted references come from a single source's commentary.

Single-source mention (1) cited by only one commentator
By commentator who cites how many verses on this ayah

Note: these connections are extracted from numeric S:A references inside the commentary text and are therefore biased toward mufassirun who use that notation. Prose-style references (e.g. "Surat al-Baqarah verse 30") will be added later, which should surface additional multi-source consensus.

92:19 ›
وَمَا لِأَحَدٍ عِندَهُ مِن نِّعْمَةٍ تُجْزَىٰ
Abdel Haleem
not to return a favour to anyon
Connections 1 single-source 1 commentator

Multi-source connections

No verses on this ayah are cited by 2 or more commentators using numeric S:A notation. All extracted references come from a single source's commentary.

Single-source mention (1) cited by only one commentator
By commentator who cites how many verses on this ayah

Note: these connections are extracted from numeric S:A references inside the commentary text and are therefore biased toward mufassirun who use that notation. Prose-style references (e.g. "Surat al-Baqarah verse 30") will be added later, which should surface additional multi-source consensus.

92:20 ›
إِلَّا ابْتِغَاءَ وَجْهِ رَبِّهِ الْأَعْلَىٰ
Abdel Haleem
but for the sake of his Lord the Most High––
Connections 1 single-source 1 commentator

Multi-source connections

No verses on this ayah are cited by 2 or more commentators using numeric S:A notation. All extracted references come from a single source's commentary.

Single-source mention (1) cited by only one commentator
By commentator who cites how many verses on this ayah

Note: these connections are extracted from numeric S:A references inside the commentary text and are therefore biased toward mufassirun who use that notation. Prose-style references (e.g. "Surat al-Baqarah verse 30") will be added later, which should surface additional multi-source consensus.

92:21 ›
وَلَسَوْفَ يَرْضَىٰ
Abdel Haleem
and he will be well pleased
Sahl al-Tustari

And verily [soon] he shall [himself] be pleased.He said:[pleased] with what is in store for him with Us, this being the position of [receiving God�s] favour (faḍl), not the position of [receiving] a reward (thawāb); a mystery with Mystery itself (sirr bi-sirr), life with Life itself (ḥayāt bi-ḥayāt) and eternity with Eternity itself (azaliyya bi-azaliyya). But God knows best.His words, Exalted is He:

Connections 1 single-source 1 commentator

Multi-source connections

No verses on this ayah are cited by 2 or more commentators using numeric S:A notation. All extracted references come from a single source's commentary.

Single-source mention (1) cited by only one commentator
By commentator who cites how many verses on this ayah

Note: these connections are extracted from numeric S:A references inside the commentary text and are therefore biased toward mufassirun who use that notation. Prose-style references (e.g. "Surat al-Baqarah verse 30") will be added later, which should surface additional multi-source consensus.

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