Tafsir al-Jalalayn al-Qiyamah القِيَامَة (The Rising of the Dead, Resurrection) 40 verses · Meccan

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بِسْمِ ٱللَّهِ ٱلرَّحْمَـٰنِ ٱلرَّحِيمِ
In the name of God, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful
۞ لَاۤ أُقۡسِمُ بِیَوۡمِ ٱلۡقِیَـٰمَةِ ۝١
Abdel Haleem
By the Day of Resurrectio
Jalal al-Din al-Mahalli & al-Suyuti

Nay! the lā is extra in both instances I swear by the Day of Resurrection.

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وَلَاۤ أُقۡسِمُ بِٱلنَّفۡسِ ٱللَّوَّامَةِ ۝٢
Abdel Haleem
and by the self-reproaching soul
Jalal al-Din al-Mahalli & al-Suyuti

And nay I swear by the self-reproaching soul the one that reproaches itself even if it should expend great effort in being virtuous the response to the oath has been omitted that is to say la-tub‘athunna ‘you shall indeed be resurrected!’ as indicated by what follows

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أَیَحۡسَبُ ٱلۡإِنسَـٰنُ أَلَّن نَّجۡمَعَ عِظَامَهُۥ ۝٣
Abdel Haleem
Does man think We shall not put his bones back together
Jalal al-Din al-Mahalli & al-Suyuti

Does man that is does the disbeliever suppose that We shall not assemble his bones? for the raising from the graves and for the bringing back to life.

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بَلَىٰ قَـٰدِرِینَ عَلَىٰۤ أَن نُّسَوِّیَ بَنَانَهُۥ ۝٤
Abdel Haleem
In fact, We can reshape his very fingertips
Jalal al-Din al-Mahalli & al-Suyuti

Yes indeed! We shall assemble them. We are able in addition to assembling them to reshape even his fingers that is to say to restore their bones just as they had been despite their smallness so how much more so are We able to restore the larger ones!

Connections 12 single-source 1 commentator

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بَلۡ یُرِیدُ ٱلۡإِنسَـٰنُ لِیَفۡجُرَ أَمَامَهُۥ ۝٥
Abdel Haleem
Yet man wants to deny what is ahead of him
Jalal al-Din al-Mahalli & al-Suyuti

Nay but man desires to deny li-yafjura the lām is extra and the subjunctive mood is because of an implied preceding an ‘that’ what lies ahead of him namely the Day of Resurrection as is indicated by

Connections 12 single-source 1 commentator

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یَسۡءَلُ أَیَّانَ یَوۡمُ ٱلۡقِیَـٰمَةِ ۝٦
Abdel Haleem
he says, ‘So, when will this Day of Resurrection be?’
Jalal al-Din al-Mahalli & al-Suyuti

He asks ‘When is the Day of Resurrection?’ — the question is meant in mockery and denial.

Connections 12 single-source 1 commentator

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فَإِذَا بَرِقَ ٱلۡبَصَرُ ۝٧
Abdel Haleem
When eyes are dazzle
Jalal al-Din al-Mahalli & al-Suyuti

But when the eyes are dazzled read bariqa or baraqa startled and perplexed upon seeing some of those things which it used to deny;

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وَخَسَفَ ٱلۡقَمَرُ ۝٨
Abdel Haleem
and the moon eclipsed
Jalal al-Din al-Mahalli & al-Suyuti

and the moon is eclipsed darkening its light disappearing

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وَجُمِعَ ٱلشَّمۡسُ وَٱلۡقَمَرُ ۝٩
Abdel Haleem
when the sun and the moon are brought together
Jalal al-Din al-Mahalli & al-Suyuti

and the sun and the moon are brought together so that both of them will rise from the west; or it means when the light of both of them disappears — and this will be on the Day of Resurrection —

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یَقُولُ ٱلۡإِنسَـٰنُ یَوۡمَىِٕذٍ أَیۡنَ ٱلۡمَفَرُّ ۝١٠
Abdel Haleem
on that Day man will say, ‘Where can I escape?’
Jalal al-Din al-Mahalli & al-Suyuti

on that day man will say ‘Where is the escape?’

Connections 12 single-source 1 commentator

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كَلَّا لَا وَزَرَ ۝١١
Abdel Haleem
Truly, there is no refuge
Jalal al-Din al-Mahalli & al-Suyuti

No indeed! — a deterrent against seeking to escape — There is no refuge no shelter to seek protection in.

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إِلَىٰ رَبِّكَ یَوۡمَىِٕذٍ ٱلۡمُسۡتَقَرُّ ۝١٢
Abdel Haleem
they will all return to your Lord on that Day
Jalal al-Din al-Mahalli & al-Suyuti

On that day the recourse will be to your Lord the final recourse of all creatures whereupon they will be reckoned with and requited.

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یُنَبَّؤُا۟ ٱلۡإِنسَـٰنُ یَوۡمَىِٕذِۭ بِمَا قَدَّمَ وَأَخَّرَ ۝١٣
Abdel Haleem
On that Day, man will be told what he put first and what he put last
Jalal al-Din al-Mahalli & al-Suyuti

On that day man will be informed of what he has sent ahead and left behind he will be informed of the his first and last deeds.

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بَلِ ٱلۡإِنسَـٰنُ عَلَىٰ نَفۡسِهِۦ بَصِیرَةࣱ ۝١٤
Abdel Haleem
Truly, man is a clear witness against himself
Jalal al-Din al-Mahalli & al-Suyuti

Rather man has insight into his own soul for his limbs will speak of his deeds the hā’ sc. the tā’ marbūta in basīratun is for hyperbole and so he must be requited

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وَلَوۡ أَلۡقَىٰ مَعَاذِیرَهُۥ ۝١٥
Abdel Haleem
despite all the excuses he may put forward
Jalal al-Din al-Mahalli & al-Suyuti

though he should offer his excuses ma‘ādhīr is the plural of ma‘dhira but following a different pattern from the usual ma‘dhira ma‘ādhir that is to say whatever excuse he offers will not be accepted from him.

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لَا تُحَرِّكۡ بِهِۦ لِسَانَكَ لِتَعۡجَلَ بِهِۦۤ ۝١٦
Abdel Haleem
[Prophet], do not rush your tongue in an attempt to hasten [your memorization of] the Revelation
Jalal al-Din al-Mahalli & al-Suyuti

God exalted be He says to His Prophet Do not move your tongue with it with the Qur’ān before Gabriel is through with reciting it to hasten it fearing to lose it.

Connections 17 single-source 2 commentators

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إِنَّ عَلَیۡنَا جَمۡعَهُۥ وَقُرۡءَانَهُۥ ۝١٧
Abdel Haleem
We shall make sure of its safe collection and recitation
Jalal al-Din al-Mahalli & al-Suyuti

Assuredly it is for Us to bring it together in your breast and to recite it your reciting of it that is its flowing off your tongue.

Connections 17 single-source 2 commentators

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فَإِذَا قَرَأۡنَـٰهُ فَٱتَّبِعۡ قُرۡءَانَهُۥ ۝١٨
Abdel Haleem
When We have recited it, repeat the recitatio
Jalal al-Din al-Mahalli & al-Suyuti

So when We recite it to you by means of Gabriel’s recital follow its recitation listen to its recitation thus the Prophet s would listen to it and then repeat it.

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ثُمَّ إِنَّ عَلَیۡنَا بَیَانَهُۥ ۝١٩
Abdel Haleem
and We shall make it clear
Jalal al-Din al-Mahalli & al-Suyuti

Then it is for Us to explain it by making you comprehend it the connection between this verse and what preceded it is that those verses before imply turning away from God’s signs whereas this one implies applying oneself to them by memorising them.

Connections 14 single-source 1 commentator

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كَلَّا بَلۡ تُحِبُّونَ ٱلۡعَاجِلَةَ ۝٢٠
Abdel Haleem
Truly you [people] love this fleeting worl
Jalal al-Din al-Mahalli & al-Suyuti

No indeed! kallā is for commencement with the sense of alā Rather you love the transitory life this world both verbs here and below may be read in the second or third person plural

Connections 14 single-source 1 commentator

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وَتَذَرُونَ ٱلۡءَاخِرَةَ ۝٢١
Abdel Haleem
and neglect the life to come
Jalal al-Din al-Mahalli & al-Suyuti

and forsake the Hereafter thus neglecting to work towards attaining bliss in it.

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وُجُوهࣱ یَوۡمَىِٕذࣲ نَّاضِرَةٌ ۝٢٢
Abdel Haleem
On that Day there will be radiant faces
Jalal al-Din al-Mahalli & al-Suyuti

Some faces on that day that is on the Day of Resurrection will be radiant fair and resplendent

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إِلَىٰ رَبِّهَا نَاظِرَةࣱ ۝٢٣
Abdel Haleem
looking towards their Lord
Jalal al-Din al-Mahalli & al-Suyuti

looking upon their Lord in other words they will see God glorified and exalted be He in the Hereafter.

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وَوُجُوهࣱ یَوۡمَىِٕذِۭ بَاسِرَةࣱ ۝٢٤
Abdel Haleem
and on that Day there will be the sad and despairing face
Jalal al-Din al-Mahalli & al-Suyuti

And other faces on that day will be scowling glowering frowning terribly

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تَظُنُّ أَن یُفۡعَلَ بِهَا فَاقِرَةࣱ ۝٢٥
Abdel Haleem
of those who realize that a great calamity is about to befall them
Jalal al-Din al-Mahalli & al-Suyuti

certain that a spine-crushing calamity will fall on them a great catastrophe one that ‘crushes the spine’ fiqār.

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كَلَّاۤ إِذَا بَلَغَتِ ٱلتَّرَاقِیَ ۝٢٦
Abdel Haleem
Truly, when the soul reaches the collarbone
Jalal al-Din al-Mahalli & al-Suyuti

No indeed! kallā in the sense of alā When it the soul reaches up to the collar bones

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وَقِیلَ مَنۡۜ رَاقࣲ ۝٢٧
Abdel Haleem
when it is said, ‘Could any charm-healer save him now?’
Jalal al-Din al-Mahalli & al-Suyuti

and it is said and those around him the dying one say ‘Where is the enchanter?’ to perform incantations on him and cure him

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وَظَنَّ أَنَّهُ ٱلۡفِرَاقُ ۝٢٨
Abdel Haleem
when he knows it is the final parting
Jalal al-Din al-Mahalli & al-Suyuti

and he suspects he the one whose soul has reached this stage that it is the time of parting the parting with this world

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وَٱلۡتَفَّتِ ٱلسَّاقُ بِٱلسَّاقِ ۝٢٩
Abdel Haleem
when his legs are brought together
Jalal al-Din al-Mahalli & al-Suyuti

and the shank is intertwined with the other shank that is one of his shanks will be intertwined with his other shank at the moment of death; or it means the distress of parting with this world is intertwined with the distress of the arrival of the Hereafter;

Connections 22 single-source 3 commentators

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إِلَىٰ رَبِّكَ یَوۡمَىِٕذٍ ٱلۡمَسَاقُ ۝٣٠
Abdel Haleem
on that day he will be driven towards your Lord
Jalal al-Din al-Mahalli & al-Suyuti

on that day to your Lord will be the driving of the souls al-masāq means al-sawq; this indicates the operator of the above idhā ‘when’ the meaning being ‘when the soul reaches the throat it will be driven towards the judgement of its Lord’.

Connections 21 single-source 2 commentators

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فَلَا صَدَّقَ وَلَا صَلَّىٰ ۝٣١
Abdel Haleem
He neither believed nor prayed
Jalal al-Din al-Mahalli & al-Suyuti

For he man neither affirmed the truth nor prayed

Connections 21 single-source 2 commentators

Multi-source connections

No verses on this ayah are cited by 2 or more commentators using numeric S:A notation. All extracted references come from a single source's commentary.

Single-source mentions (21) cited by only one commentator

By commentator who cites how many verses on this ayah

Note: these connections are extracted from numeric S:A references inside the commentary text and are therefore biased toward mufassirun who use that notation. Prose-style references (e.g. "Surat al-Baqarah verse 30") will be added later, which should surface additional multi-source consensus.

وَلَـٰكِن كَذَّبَ وَتَوَلَّىٰ ۝٣٢
Abdel Haleem
but denied the truth and turned away
Jalal al-Din al-Mahalli & al-Suyuti

but he denied the Qur’ān and he turned away from faith

Connections 21 single-source 2 commentators

Multi-source connections

No verses on this ayah are cited by 2 or more commentators using numeric S:A notation. All extracted references come from a single source's commentary.

Single-source mentions (21) cited by only one commentator

By commentator who cites how many verses on this ayah

Note: these connections are extracted from numeric S:A references inside the commentary text and are therefore biased toward mufassirun who use that notation. Prose-style references (e.g. "Surat al-Baqarah verse 30") will be added later, which should surface additional multi-source consensus.

ثُمَّ ذَهَبَ إِلَىٰۤ أَهۡلِهِۦ یَتَمَطَّىٰۤ ۝٣٣
Abdel Haleem
walking back to his people with a conceited swagger
Jalal al-Din al-Mahalli & al-Suyuti

then went off to his family swaggering strutting about in self-conceit.

Connections 21 single-source 2 commentators

Multi-source connections

No verses on this ayah are cited by 2 or more commentators using numeric S:A notation. All extracted references come from a single source's commentary.

Single-source mentions (21) cited by only one commentator

By commentator who cites how many verses on this ayah

Note: these connections are extracted from numeric S:A references inside the commentary text and are therefore biased toward mufassirun who use that notation. Prose-style references (e.g. "Surat al-Baqarah verse 30") will be added later, which should surface additional multi-source consensus.

أَوۡلَىٰ لَكَ فَأَوۡلَىٰ ۝٣٤
Abdel Haleem
Closer and closer it comes to you
Jalal al-Din al-Mahalli & al-Suyuti

Woe be nearer to you there is a shift from the third to the second person address here; the term awlā is a noun of action with the following lām being explicative in other words ‘what you are averse to is now near to you’ and nearer that is because you are more deserving of it woe than anyone else

Connections 18 single-source 2 commentators

Multi-source connections

No verses on this ayah are cited by 2 or more commentators using numeric S:A notation. All extracted references come from a single source's commentary.

Single-source mentions (18) cited by only one commentator

By commentator who cites how many verses on this ayah

Note: these connections are extracted from numeric S:A references inside the commentary text and are therefore biased toward mufassirun who use that notation. Prose-style references (e.g. "Surat al-Baqarah verse 30") will be added later, which should surface additional multi-source consensus.

ثُمَّ أَوۡلَىٰ لَكَ فَأَوۡلَىٰۤ ۝٣٥
Abdel Haleem
Closer and closer still
Jalal al-Din al-Mahalli & al-Suyuti

then may woe be nearer to you and nearer! — repeated for emphasis.

Connections 18 single-source 2 commentators

Multi-source connections

No verses on this ayah are cited by 2 or more commentators using numeric S:A notation. All extracted references come from a single source's commentary.

Single-source mentions (18) cited by only one commentator

By commentator who cites how many verses on this ayah

Note: these connections are extracted from numeric S:A references inside the commentary text and are therefore biased toward mufassirun who use that notation. Prose-style references (e.g. "Surat al-Baqarah verse 30") will be added later, which should surface additional multi-source consensus.

أَیَحۡسَبُ ٱلۡإِنسَـٰنُ أَن یُتۡرَكَ سُدًى ۝٣٦
Abdel Haleem
Does man think he will be left alone
Jalal al-Din al-Mahalli & al-Suyuti

Does man suppose that he is to be left aimless? left to his own devices without being obligated to the prescribed laws let him not suppose that!

Connections 19 single-source 2 commentators

Multi-source connections

No verses on this ayah are cited by 2 or more commentators using numeric S:A notation. All extracted references come from a single source's commentary.

Single-source mentions (19) cited by only one commentator

By commentator who cites how many verses on this ayah

Note: these connections are extracted from numeric S:A references inside the commentary text and are therefore biased toward mufassirun who use that notation. Prose-style references (e.g. "Surat al-Baqarah verse 30") will be added later, which should surface additional multi-source consensus.

أَلَمۡ یَكُ نُطۡفَةࣰ مِّن مَّنِیࣲّ یُمۡنَىٰ ۝٣٧
Abdel Haleem
Was he not just a drop of spilt-out sperm
Jalal al-Din al-Mahalli & al-Suyuti

Was he not — that is indeed he was — a drop of emitted semen? read yumnā or tumnā deposited into the womb.

Connections 19 single-source 2 commentators

Multi-source connections

No verses on this ayah are cited by 2 or more commentators using numeric S:A notation. All extracted references come from a single source's commentary.

Single-source mentions (19) cited by only one commentator

By commentator who cites how many verses on this ayah

Note: these connections are extracted from numeric S:A references inside the commentary text and are therefore biased toward mufassirun who use that notation. Prose-style references (e.g. "Surat al-Baqarah verse 30") will be added later, which should surface additional multi-source consensus.

ثُمَّ كَانَ عَلَقَةࣰ فَخَلَقَ فَسَوَّىٰ ۝٣٨
Abdel Haleem
which became a clinging form, which God shaped in due proportion
Jalal al-Din al-Mahalli & al-Suyuti

Then it the drop of semen became a clot; then He God created from it man and proportioned him making the parts of his body upright

Connections 19 single-source 2 commentators

Multi-source connections

No verses on this ayah are cited by 2 or more commentators using numeric S:A notation. All extracted references come from a single source's commentary.

Single-source mentions (19) cited by only one commentator

By commentator who cites how many verses on this ayah

Note: these connections are extracted from numeric S:A references inside the commentary text and are therefore biased toward mufassirun who use that notation. Prose-style references (e.g. "Surat al-Baqarah verse 30") will be added later, which should surface additional multi-source consensus.

فَجَعَلَ مِنۡهُ ٱلزَّوۡجَیۡنِ ٱلذَّكَرَ وَٱلۡأُنثَىٰۤ ۝٣٩
Abdel Haleem
fashioning from it the two sexes, male and female
Jalal al-Din al-Mahalli & al-Suyuti

and made of it of the drop of semen that became a blood-clot then an embryo a small mass of flesh the two sexes the two kinds the male and the female at times coming together and at times each being on their own.

Connections 19 single-source 2 commentators

Multi-source connections

No verses on this ayah are cited by 2 or more commentators using numeric S:A notation. All extracted references come from a single source's commentary.

Single-source mentions (19) cited by only one commentator

By commentator who cites how many verses on this ayah

Note: these connections are extracted from numeric S:A references inside the commentary text and are therefore biased toward mufassirun who use that notation. Prose-style references (e.g. "Surat al-Baqarah verse 30") will be added later, which should surface additional multi-source consensus.

أَلَیۡسَ ذَ ٰلِكَ بِقَـٰدِرٍ عَلَىٰۤ أَن یُحۡـِۧیَ ٱلۡمَوۡتَىٰ ۝٤٠
Abdel Haleem
Does He who can do this not have the power to bring the dead back to life
Jalal al-Din al-Mahalli & al-Suyuti

Is not such a Doer of all these things able to revive the dead? — the Prophet s would say ‘Yes indeed!’

Connections 19 single-source 2 commentators

Multi-source connections

No verses on this ayah are cited by 2 or more commentators using numeric S:A notation. All extracted references come from a single source's commentary.

Single-source mentions (19) cited by only one commentator

By commentator who cites how many verses on this ayah

Note: these connections are extracted from numeric S:A references inside the commentary text and are therefore biased toward mufassirun who use that notation. Prose-style references (e.g. "Surat al-Baqarah verse 30") will be added later, which should surface additional multi-source consensus.