Tafsir al-Jalalayn al-Mursalat المُرْسَلَات (The Emissaries, Winds Sent Forth) 50 verses · Meccan

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بِسْمِ ٱللَّهِ ٱلرَّحْمَـٰنِ ٱلرَّحِيمِ
In the name of God, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful
وَٱلۡمُرۡسَلَـٰتِ عُرۡفࣰا ۝١
Abdel Haleem
By the [winds] sent forth in swift succession
Jalal al-Din al-Mahalli & al-Suyuti

By those sent in succession ‘urfan that is by the winds that follow one another in succession like the mane ‘urf of a horse one part of hair coming after the other ‘urfan is in the accusative because it is a circumstantial qualifier;

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فَٱلۡعَـٰصِفَـٰتِ عَصۡفࣰا ۝٢
Abdel Haleem
violently storming
Jalal al-Din al-Mahalli & al-Suyuti

by the raging hurricanes the violent winds;

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وَٱلنَّـٰشِرَ ٰتِ نَشۡرࣰا ۝٣
Abdel Haleem
scattering far and wide
Jalal al-Din al-Mahalli & al-Suyuti

by the sweeping spreaders by the winds that scatter the rains;

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فَٱلۡفَـٰرِقَـٰتِ فَرۡقࣰا ۝٤
Abdel Haleem
separating forcefully
Jalal al-Din al-Mahalli & al-Suyuti

by the decisive discriminators that is by the verses of the Qur’ān which discriminate between truth and falsehood and between what is lawful and what is unlawful;

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فَٱلۡمُلۡقِیَـٰتِ ذِكۡرًا ۝٥
Abdel Haleem
delivering a reminder
Jalal al-Din al-Mahalli & al-Suyuti

by the casters of the remembrance that is by angels that descend with the revelation upon the prophets and messengers casting the revelation onto the various communities of mankind

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عُذۡرًا أَوۡ نُذۡرًا ۝٦
Abdel Haleem
as a proof or a warning
Jalal al-Din al-Mahalli & al-Suyuti

to excuse or to warn that is to say in order to excuse or to warn on behalf of God exalted be He a variant reading for nudhran and ‘udhran has nudhuran and ‘udhuran.

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إِنَّمَا تُوعَدُونَ لَوَ ٰقِعࣱ ۝٧
Abdel Haleem
what you are promised will come to pass
Jalal al-Din al-Mahalli & al-Suyuti

Surely that which you are promised O disbelievers of Mecca in the way of resurrection and chastisement will befall it will be without any doubt.

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فَإِذَا ٱلنُّجُومُ طُمِسَتۡ ۝٨
Abdel Haleem
When the stars are dimme
Jalal al-Din al-Mahalli & al-Suyuti

So when the stars are obliterated when their light is extinguished

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وَإِذَا ٱلسَّمَاۤءُ فُرِجَتۡ ۝٩
Abdel Haleem
and the sky is torn apart
Jalal al-Din al-Mahalli & al-Suyuti

and when the heaven is rent asunder

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وَإِذَا ٱلۡجِبَالُ نُسِفَتۡ ۝١٠
Abdel Haleem
when the mountains are turned to dus
Jalal al-Din al-Mahalli & al-Suyuti

and when the mountains are blown away crushed to pieces and blown in the air

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وَإِذَا ٱلرُّسُلُ أُقِّتَتۡ ۝١١
Abdel Haleem
and the messengers given their appointed time––
Jalal al-Din al-Mahalli & al-Suyuti

and when the time is set for the testimony of the messengers read uqqitat or wuqqitat that is to say when they are gathered to an appointed time

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لِأَیِّ یَوۡمٍ أُجِّلَتۡ ۝١٢
Abdel Haleem
for what Day has all this been set
Jalal al-Din al-Mahalli & al-Suyuti

For what day — for a tremendous day — has it been appointed? it has been appointed for witnessing of the messengers against their communities to the effect that they delivered their messages from God.

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لِیَوۡمِ ٱلۡفَصۡلِ ۝١٣
Abdel Haleem
The Day of Decision
Jalal al-Din al-Mahalli & al-Suyuti

For the Day of Decision for creatures from this one may infer the response to the clauses beginning with idhā ‘when’ in other words ‘when … the decision will be made for all creatures’.

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وَمَاۤ أَدۡرَىٰكَ مَا یَوۡمُ ٱلۡفَصۡلِ ۝١٤
Abdel Haleem
What will explain to you what the Day of Decision is
Jalal al-Din al-Mahalli & al-Suyuti

And how would you know what the Day of Decision is? — emphasising the enormity of its terror.

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وَیۡلࣱ یَوۡمَىِٕذࣲ لِّلۡمُكَذِّبِینَ ۝١٥
Abdel Haleem
Woe, on that Day, to those who denied the truth
Jalal al-Din al-Mahalli & al-Suyuti

Woe to the deniers on that day! — a threat of chastisement for them.

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أَلَمۡ نُهۡلِكِ ٱلۡأَوَّلِینَ ۝١٦
Abdel Haleem
Did We not destroy the first [of them]
Jalal al-Din al-Mahalli & al-Suyuti

Did We not destroy the ancients for their denial in other words We certainly destroyed them

ثُمَّ نُتۡبِعُهُمُ ٱلۡءَاخِرِینَ ۝١٧
Abdel Haleem
We shall make the last follow them
Jalal al-Din al-Mahalli & al-Suyuti

then made the latter folk follow them? the latter folk of those who denied such as the disbelievers of Mecca whom We will destroy.

كَذَ ٰلِكَ نَفۡعَلُ بِٱلۡمُجۡرِمِینَ ۝١٨
Abdel Haleem
this is how We deal with the guilty
Jalal al-Din al-Mahalli & al-Suyuti

So just as We dealt with those who denied will We deal with the guilty with every individual who will be guilty in the future and destroy them.

وَیۡلࣱ یَوۡمَىِٕذࣲ لِّلۡمُكَذِّبِینَ ۝١٩
Abdel Haleem
Woe, on that Day, to those who denied the truth
Jalal al-Din al-Mahalli & al-Suyuti

Woe to the deniers on that day! — reiterated for emphasis.

أَلَمۡ نَخۡلُقكُّم مِّن مَّاۤءࣲ مَّهِینࣲ ۝٢٠
Abdel Haleem
Did We not make you from an underrated flui
Jalal al-Din al-Mahalli & al-Suyuti

Did We not create you from a base fluid one that is delicate — and this is semen

فَجَعَلۡنَـٰهُ فِی قَرَارࣲ مَّكِینٍ ۝٢١
Abdel Haleem
which We housed in a safe lodgin
Jalal al-Din al-Mahalli & al-Suyuti

then lodged it in a secure abode that is the womb

إِلَىٰ قَدَرࣲ مَّعۡلُومࣲ ۝٢٢
Abdel Haleem
for a determined period
Jalal al-Din al-Mahalli & al-Suyuti

for a known span? namely the time for delivery.

فَقَدَرۡنَا فَنِعۡمَ ٱلۡقَـٰدِرُونَ ۝٢٣
Abdel Haleem
We determine [it]: how excellently We determine
Jalal al-Din al-Mahalli & al-Suyuti

Thus We were able to do this; so how excellent able ones We are!

وَیۡلࣱ یَوۡمَىِٕذࣲ لِّلۡمُكَذِّبِینَ ۝٢٤
Abdel Haleem
Woe, on that Day, to those who denied the truth
Jalal al-Din al-Mahalli & al-Suyuti

Woe to the deniers on that day!

أَلَمۡ نَجۡعَلِ ٱلۡأَرۡضَ كِفَاتًا ۝٢٥
Abdel Haleem
Did We not make the earth a hom
Jalal al-Din al-Mahalli & al-Suyuti

Have We not made the earth a receptacle kifātan is a verbal noun from kafata meaning damma ‘enclosed’ that is an enclosure

أَحۡیَاۤءࣰ وَأَمۡوَ ٰتࣰا ۝٢٦
Abdel Haleem
for the living and the dead
Jalal al-Din al-Mahalli & al-Suyuti

for the living on its surface and the dead inside it

وَجَعَلۡنَا فِیهَا رَوَ ٰسِیَ شَـٰمِخَـٰتࣲ وَأَسۡقَیۡنَـٰكُم مَّاۤءࣰ فُرَاتࣰا ۝٢٧
Abdel Haleem
Did We not place firm, lofty mountains on it and provide you with sweet water
Jalal al-Din al-Mahalli & al-Suyuti

and set therein soaring mountains and give you sweet water to drink?

وَیۡلࣱ یَوۡمَىِٕذࣲ لِّلۡمُكَذِّبِینَ ۝٢٨
Abdel Haleem
Woe, on that Day, to those who denied the truth
Jalal al-Din al-Mahalli & al-Suyuti

Woe to the deniers on that day!

ٱنطَلِقُوۤا۟ إِلَىٰ مَا كُنتُم بِهِۦ تُكَذِّبُونَ ۝٢٩
Abdel Haleem
They will be told, ‘Go to that which you used to deny
Jalal al-Din al-Mahalli & al-Suyuti

And on the Day of Resurrection it will be said to the deniers Depart to that chastisement which you used to deny!

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ٱنطَلِقُوۤا۟ إِلَىٰ ظِلࣲّ ذِی ثَلَـٰثِ شُعَبࣲ ۝٣٠
Abdel Haleem
Go to a shadow of smoke!’ It rises in three columns
Jalal al-Din al-Mahalli & al-Suyuti

Depart to a triple-forked shadow — this is the smoke of Hell which as it rises splits into three parts because of its magnitude —

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لَّا ظَلِیلࣲ وَلَا یُغۡنِی مِنَ ٱللَّهَبِ ۝٣١
Abdel Haleem
no shade does it give, nor relief from the flame
Jalal al-Din al-Mahalli & al-Suyuti

which is neither shady neither protective unable to shade them from the heat of that Day nor of any avail against nor wards off from them anything of the flame the Fire.

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إِنَّهَا تَرۡمِی بِشَرَرࣲ كَٱلۡقَصۡرِ ۝٣٢
Abdel Haleem
it shoots out sparks as large as treetrunk
Jalal al-Din al-Mahalli & al-Suyuti

Indeed it that is the Fire throws up sparks namely those flame that are thrown by it into the air huge like palace edifices in terms of their enormity and vertical extension

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كَأَنَّهُۥ جِمَـٰلَتࣱ صُفۡرࣱ ۝٣٣
Abdel Haleem
and as bright as copper
Jalal al-Din al-Mahalli & al-Suyuti

as if they were dark yellow camels jimālātun is the plural of jimalatun the plural of jamalun; a variant reading has jimālatun in terms of their shape and colour. In hadīth it is stated ‘The sparks of humans thrown into the air by the Fire are black as pitch qīr’; the Arabs call dark camels sufr ‘yellow’ because a touch of yellow is mixed with their blackish colour and therefore it is said that ‘yellow’ in this verse actually means ‘black’ on account of what has been mentioned; but some say no to this interpretation; sharar is the plural of sharāra; qīr is qār ‘pitch’.

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وَیۡلࣱ یَوۡمَىِٕذࣲ لِّلۡمُكَذِّبِینَ ۝٣٤
Abdel Haleem
Woe, on that Day, to those who denied the truth
Jalal al-Din al-Mahalli & al-Suyuti

Woe to the deniers on that day!

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هَـٰذَا یَوۡمُ لَا یَنطِقُونَ ۝٣٥
Abdel Haleem
On that Day they will be speechless
Jalal al-Din al-Mahalli & al-Suyuti

This namely the Day of Resurrection is the day in which they will not utter anything

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وَلَا یُؤۡذَنُ لَهُمۡ فَیَعۡتَذِرُونَ ۝٣٦
Abdel Haleem
and they will be given no chance to offer any excuses
Jalal al-Din al-Mahalli & al-Suyuti

nor will they be given permission to offer excuses and so offer excuses fa-ya‘tadhirūna is a supplement to yu’dhanu ‘given permission’ but without being a direct result of it since it belongs within the confines of the general denial of permission in other words ‘there will be no permission hence no excuses’.

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وَیۡلࣱ یَوۡمَىِٕذࣲ لِّلۡمُكَذِّبِینَ ۝٣٧
Abdel Haleem
Woe, on that Day, to those who denied the truth
Jalal al-Din al-Mahalli & al-Suyuti

Woe to the deniers on that day!

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هَـٰذَا یَوۡمُ ٱلۡفَصۡلِۖ جَمَعۡنَـٰكُمۡ وَٱلۡأَوَّلِینَ ۝٣٨
Abdel Haleem
[They will be told], ‘This is the Day of Decision: We have gathered you and earlier generations
Jalal al-Din al-Mahalli & al-Suyuti

‘This is the Day of Decision. We have brought you O deniers from this community and the ancients together the ancients from among the deniers before you so that you will all be reckoned with and chastised together;

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By commentator who cites how many verses on this ayah

Note: these connections are extracted from numeric S:A references inside the commentary text and are therefore biased toward mufassirun who use that notation. Prose-style references (e.g. "Surat al-Baqarah verse 30") will be added later, which should surface additional multi-source consensus.

فَإِن كَانَ لَكُمۡ كَیۡدࣱ فَكِیدُونِ ۝٣٩
Abdel Haleem
If you have any plots against Me, try them now.’
Jalal al-Din al-Mahalli & al-Suyuti

So if you have any stratagems any ploy to ward off your chastisement try your strategems against Me!’ — put them into effect!

Connections 2 single-source 1 commentator

Multi-source connections

No verses on this ayah are cited by 2 or more commentators using numeric S:A notation. All extracted references come from a single source's commentary.

Single-source mentions (2) cited by only one commentator
By commentator who cites how many verses on this ayah

Note: these connections are extracted from numeric S:A references inside the commentary text and are therefore biased toward mufassirun who use that notation. Prose-style references (e.g. "Surat al-Baqarah verse 30") will be added later, which should surface additional multi-source consensus.

وَیۡلࣱ یَوۡمَىِٕذࣲ لِّلۡمُكَذِّبِینَ ۝٤٠
Abdel Haleem
Woe, on that Day, to those who denied the truth
Jalal al-Din al-Mahalli & al-Suyuti

Woe to the deniers on that day!

Connections 2 single-source 1 commentator

Multi-source connections

No verses on this ayah are cited by 2 or more commentators using numeric S:A notation. All extracted references come from a single source's commentary.

Single-source mentions (2) cited by only one commentator
By commentator who cites how many verses on this ayah

Note: these connections are extracted from numeric S:A references inside the commentary text and are therefore biased toward mufassirun who use that notation. Prose-style references (e.g. "Surat al-Baqarah verse 30") will be added later, which should surface additional multi-source consensus.

إِنَّ ٱلۡمُتَّقِینَ فِی ظِلَـٰلࣲ وَعُیُونࣲ ۝٤١
Abdel Haleem
But those who took heed of God will enjoy cool shade, springs
Jalal al-Din al-Mahalli & al-Suyuti

Truly the God-fearing will be amid shades that is amid clusters of trees since there is no sun therein from whose heat to seek shade and springs issuing forth with water

Connections 4 single-source 1 commentator

Multi-source connections

No verses on this ayah are cited by 2 or more commentators using numeric S:A notation. All extracted references come from a single source's commentary.

Single-source mentions (4) cited by only one commentator
By commentator who cites how many verses on this ayah

Note: these connections are extracted from numeric S:A references inside the commentary text and are therefore biased toward mufassirun who use that notation. Prose-style references (e.g. "Surat al-Baqarah verse 30") will be added later, which should surface additional multi-source consensus.

وَفَوَ ٰكِهَ مِمَّا یَشۡتَهُونَ ۝٤٢
Abdel Haleem
and any fruit they desire
Jalal al-Din al-Mahalli & al-Suyuti

and fruits such as they desire this is meant to point out that eating and drinking in Paradise is done according to their desires in contrast to the case in this world where it is predominantly determined by what people are able to procure. It will also be said to them

Connections 4 single-source 1 commentator

Multi-source connections

No verses on this ayah are cited by 2 or more commentators using numeric S:A notation. All extracted references come from a single source's commentary.

Single-source mentions (4) cited by only one commentator
By commentator who cites how many verses on this ayah

Note: these connections are extracted from numeric S:A references inside the commentary text and are therefore biased toward mufassirun who use that notation. Prose-style references (e.g. "Surat al-Baqarah verse 30") will be added later, which should surface additional multi-source consensus.

كُلُوا۟ وَٱشۡرَبُوا۟ هَنِیۤءَۢا بِمَا كُنتُمۡ تَعۡمَلُونَ ۝٤٣
Abdel Haleem
[they will be told], ‘Eat and drink to your hearts’ content as a reward for your deeds
Jalal al-Din al-Mahalli & al-Suyuti

‘Eat and drink in full enjoyment hanī’an is a circumstantial qualifier in other words mutahanni’īna for what you used to do’ in the way of obedience.

Connections 4 single-source 1 commentator

Multi-source connections

No verses on this ayah are cited by 2 or more commentators using numeric S:A notation. All extracted references come from a single source's commentary.

Single-source mentions (4) cited by only one commentator
By commentator who cites how many verses on this ayah

Note: these connections are extracted from numeric S:A references inside the commentary text and are therefore biased toward mufassirun who use that notation. Prose-style references (e.g. "Surat al-Baqarah verse 30") will be added later, which should surface additional multi-source consensus.

إِنَّا كَذَ ٰلِكَ نَجۡزِی ٱلۡمُحۡسِنِینَ ۝٤٤
Abdel Haleem
this is how We reward those who do good.’
Jalal al-Din al-Mahalli & al-Suyuti

Indeed so in the same way that We reward the God-fearing do We reward the virtuous.

Connections 4 single-source 1 commentator

Multi-source connections

No verses on this ayah are cited by 2 or more commentators using numeric S:A notation. All extracted references come from a single source's commentary.

Single-source mentions (4) cited by only one commentator
By commentator who cites how many verses on this ayah

Note: these connections are extracted from numeric S:A references inside the commentary text and are therefore biased toward mufassirun who use that notation. Prose-style references (e.g. "Surat al-Baqarah verse 30") will be added later, which should surface additional multi-source consensus.

وَیۡلࣱ یَوۡمَىِٕذࣲ لِّلۡمُكَذِّبِینَ ۝٤٥
Abdel Haleem
Woe, on that Day, to those who denied the truth
Jalal al-Din al-Mahalli & al-Suyuti

Woe to the deniers on that day!

Connections 4 single-source 1 commentator

Multi-source connections

No verses on this ayah are cited by 2 or more commentators using numeric S:A notation. All extracted references come from a single source's commentary.

Single-source mentions (4) cited by only one commentator
By commentator who cites how many verses on this ayah

Note: these connections are extracted from numeric S:A references inside the commentary text and are therefore biased toward mufassirun who use that notation. Prose-style references (e.g. "Surat al-Baqarah verse 30") will be added later, which should surface additional multi-source consensus.

كُلُوا۟ وَتَمَتَّعُوا۟ قَلِیلًا إِنَّكُم مُّجۡرِمُونَ ۝٤٦
Abdel Haleem
[You may] eat and enjoy yourselves for a short while, evildoers that you are
Jalal al-Din al-Mahalli & al-Suyuti

‘Eat and enjoy — addressing the disbelievers in this world — for a little time at the end of which comes death — this is meant as a threat for them. Indeed you are guilty!’

Connections 4 single-source 1 commentator

Multi-source connections

No verses on this ayah are cited by 2 or more commentators using numeric S:A notation. All extracted references come from a single source's commentary.

Single-source mentions (4) cited by only one commentator
By commentator who cites how many verses on this ayah

Note: these connections are extracted from numeric S:A references inside the commentary text and are therefore biased toward mufassirun who use that notation. Prose-style references (e.g. "Surat al-Baqarah verse 30") will be added later, which should surface additional multi-source consensus.

وَیۡلࣱ یَوۡمَىِٕذࣲ لِّلۡمُكَذِّبِینَ ۝٤٧
Abdel Haleem
Woe, on that Day, to those who denied the truth
Jalal al-Din al-Mahalli & al-Suyuti

Woe to the deniers on that day!

Connections 4 single-source 1 commentator

Multi-source connections

No verses on this ayah are cited by 2 or more commentators using numeric S:A notation. All extracted references come from a single source's commentary.

Single-source mentions (4) cited by only one commentator
By commentator who cites how many verses on this ayah

Note: these connections are extracted from numeric S:A references inside the commentary text and are therefore biased toward mufassirun who use that notation. Prose-style references (e.g. "Surat al-Baqarah verse 30") will be added later, which should surface additional multi-source consensus.

وَإِذَا قِیلَ لَهُمُ ٱرۡكَعُوا۟ لَا یَرۡكَعُونَ ۝٤٨
Abdel Haleem
When they are told, ‘Bow down in prayer,’ they do not do so
Jalal al-Din al-Mahalli & al-Suyuti

For when it is said to them ‘Bow down!’ perform prayer they do not bow down they do not perform prayer.

Connections 22 single-source 2 commentators

Multi-source connections

No verses on this ayah are cited by 2 or more commentators using numeric S:A notation. All extracted references come from a single source's commentary.

Single-source mentions (22) cited by only one commentator

By commentator who cites how many verses on this ayah

Note: these connections are extracted from numeric S:A references inside the commentary text and are therefore biased toward mufassirun who use that notation. Prose-style references (e.g. "Surat al-Baqarah verse 30") will be added later, which should surface additional multi-source consensus.

وَیۡلࣱ یَوۡمَىِٕذࣲ لِّلۡمُكَذِّبِینَ ۝٤٩
Abdel Haleem
Woe, on that Day, to those who denied the truth
Jalal al-Din al-Mahalli & al-Suyuti

Woe to the deniers on that day!

Connections 4 single-source 1 commentator

Multi-source connections

No verses on this ayah are cited by 2 or more commentators using numeric S:A notation. All extracted references come from a single source's commentary.

Single-source mentions (4) cited by only one commentator
By commentator who cites how many verses on this ayah

Note: these connections are extracted from numeric S:A references inside the commentary text and are therefore biased toward mufassirun who use that notation. Prose-style references (e.g. "Surat al-Baqarah verse 30") will be added later, which should surface additional multi-source consensus.

فَبِأَیِّ حَدِیثِۭ بَعۡدَهُۥ یُؤۡمِنُونَ ۝٥٠
Abdel Haleem
In what revelation, after this, will they believe
Jalal al-Din al-Mahalli & al-Suyuti

In what discourse then after this namely the Qur’ān will they believe? In other words they cannot believe in any other of God’s Scriptures after having denied this Qur’ān since it comprises that inimitability i‘jāz which none of the others do.

Connections 4 single-source 1 commentator

Multi-source connections

No verses on this ayah are cited by 2 or more commentators using numeric S:A notation. All extracted references come from a single source's commentary.

Single-source mentions (4) cited by only one commentator
By commentator who cites how many verses on this ayah

Note: these connections are extracted from numeric S:A references inside the commentary text and are therefore biased toward mufassirun who use that notation. Prose-style references (e.g. "Surat al-Baqarah verse 30") will be added later, which should surface additional multi-source consensus.