Tanwir al-Miqbas min Tafsir Ibn Abbas

Attributed to Ibn Abbas — b. -3 AH / 619 CE · d. 68 AH / 687 CE Sunni Companion (Sahabi)

Tanwir al-Miqbas min Tafsir Ibn Abbas al-Muzammil المُزَّمِّل (The Enshrouded One, Bundled Up, The Mantled One) 20 verses · Meccan

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بِسْمِ ٱللَّهِ ٱلرَّحْمَـٰنِ ٱلرَّحِيمِ
In the name of God, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful
73:1 ›
یَـٰۤأَیُّهَا ٱلۡمُزَّمِّلُ ۝١
Abdel Haleem
You [Prophet], enfolded in your cloak
Attributed to Ibn Abbas

And from his narration on the authority of Ibn 'Abbas that he said concerning Allah's saying (O thou wrapped up in your raiment!): '(O thou wrapped up in your raiment!) He is referring here to Muhammad (pbuh) who wrapped himself up in his raiment in order to pray.

Connections 12 single-source 1 commentator

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73:2 ›
قُمِ ٱلَّیۡلَ إِلَّا قَلِیلࣰا ۝٢
Abdel Haleem
Stay up throughout the night, all but a small part of it
Attributed to Ibn Abbas

(Keep vigil the night long) in prayer, then He said (save a little);

Connections 1 multi-source 12 single-source 2 commentators

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73:3 ›
نِّصۡفَهُۥۤ أَوِ ٱنقُصۡ مِنۡهُ قَلِیلًا ۝٣
Abdel Haleem
half, or a little less
Attributed to Ibn Abbas

He explained further, saying: (A half thereof) i.e. pray during half of the night, (or abate a little thereof) less than half and up to a third of the night,

Connections 2 multi-source 11 single-source 2 commentators

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73:4 ›
أَوۡ زِدۡ عَلَیۡهِ وَرَتِّلِ ٱلۡقُرۡءَانَ تَرۡتِیلًا ۝٤
Abdel Haleem
or a little more; recite the Quran slowly and distinctly
Attributed to Ibn Abbas

(Or add (a little) thereto) or pray more than half of the night, up to two thirds of the night, thus giving him a choice, and then He said: (and chant the Qur'an in measure) recite the Qur'an deliberately, unhurriedly and with gravity, i.e. reciting two or three verses each time until you finish the whole recitation,

Connections 13 single-source 1 commentator

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Single-source mentions (13) cited by only one commentator

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Note: these connections are extracted from numeric S:A references inside the commentary text and are therefore biased toward mufassirun who use that notation. Prose-style references (e.g. "Surat al-Baqarah verse 30") will be added later, which should surface additional multi-source consensus.

73:5 ›
إِنَّا سَنُلۡقِی عَلَیۡكَ قَوۡلࣰا ثَقِیلًا ۝٥
Abdel Haleem
We shall send a momentous message down to you
Attributed to Ibn Abbas

(For We shall charge thee) for We shall send you Gabriel (with a word of weight) with mighty words containing commands and prohibitions, promises and threats, the lawful and unlawful; it is also said this means: with a tremendous word; and it is also said this means: a word that is heavy on whoever contravenes it; and it is also said this means: a weighty word in the prayer of the night.

Connections 14 single-source 2 commentators

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73:6 ›
إِنَّ نَاشِئَةَ ٱلَّیۡلِ هِیَ أَشَدُّ وَطۡءࣰا وَأَقۡوَمُ قِیلًا ۝٦
Abdel Haleem
Night prayer makes a deeper impression and sharpens words––
Attributed to Ibn Abbas

(Lo! the vigil of the night) spent in praying (is (a time) when impression is more keen) the vigil of the night and praying at this time give a person more vigour in his prayer, when he seeks by it Allah's sake alone; it is also said this means: it is gentler and milder on the heart (and speech more certain) the recitation of the Qur'an is clearer and firmer.

Connections 15 single-source 2 commentators

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73:7 ›
إِنَّ لَكَ فِی ٱلنَّهَارِ سَبۡحࣰا طَوِیلࣰا ۝٧
Abdel Haleem
you are kept busy for long periods of the day––
Attributed to Ibn Abbas

(Lo! thou hast by day) O Muhammad (a chain of business) a long period of time to attend to your needs.

Connections 13 single-source 1 commentator

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73:8 ›
وَٱذۡكُرِ ٱسۡمَ رَبِّكَ وَتَبَتَّلۡ إِلَیۡهِ تَبۡتِیلࣰا ۝٨
Abdel Haleem
so celebrate the name of your Lord and devote yourself wholeheart-edly to Him
Attributed to Ibn Abbas

(So remember the name of thy Lord) so pray by the command of your Lord; and it is also said this means: remember your Lord's divine Oneness (and devote thyself with a complete devotion) be completely sincere to Allah in your prayers, supplications and acts of worship.

Connections 1 multi-source 15 single-source 2 commentators

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Note: these connections are extracted from numeric S:A references inside the commentary text and are therefore biased toward mufassirun who use that notation. Prose-style references (e.g. "Surat al-Baqarah verse 30") will be added later, which should surface additional multi-source consensus.

73:9 ›
رَّبُّ ٱلۡمَشۡرِقِ وَٱلۡمَغۡرِبِ لَاۤ إِلَـٰهَ إِلَّا هُوَ فَٱتَّخِذۡهُ وَكِیلࣰا ۝٩
Abdel Haleem
He is Lord of the east and west, there is no god but Him, so take Him as your Protector
Attributed to Ibn Abbas

(Lord of the East and the West) is Allah; (there is no God save Him; so choose you Him alone for thy defender) worship Him as a Lord; it is also said this means: take Him as a Guardian regarding that which He promised you of help, supremacy and reward.

Connections 14 single-source 2 commentators

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73:10 ›
وَٱصۡبِرۡ عَلَىٰ مَا یَقُولُونَ وَٱهۡجُرۡهُمۡ هَجۡرࣰا جَمِیلࣰا ۝١٠
Abdel Haleem
patiently endure what they say, ignore them politely
Attributed to Ibn Abbas

(And bear with patience) O Muhammad (what they utter) of vilification and denial, (and part from them with a fair leave-taking) steer clear of them in a fair way, neither grieving nor reciprocating with indecency.

Connections 9 multi-source 2 single-source 3 commentators

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73:11 ›
وَذَرۡنِی وَٱلۡمُكَذِّبِینَ أُو۟لِی ٱلنَّعۡمَةِ وَمَهِّلۡهُمۡ قَلِیلًا ۝١١
Abdel Haleem
and leave to Me those who deny the truth and live in luxury. Bear with them for a little while
Attributed to Ibn Abbas

(Leave Me to deal with the deniers) of the Qur'an-this is a threat to them; and the ones specifically meant by this threat are those who fed the army of the disbelievers on the Day of Badr-, (lords of ease and comfort (in this life)) those who have wealth and richness; (and do thou respite them awhile) until the Day of Badr.

Connections 2 single-source 1 commentator

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Note: these connections are extracted from numeric S:A references inside the commentary text and are therefore biased toward mufassirun who use that notation. Prose-style references (e.g. "Surat al-Baqarah verse 30") will be added later, which should surface additional multi-source consensus.

73:12 ›
إِنَّ لَدَیۡنَاۤ أَنكَالࣰا وَجَحِیمࣰا ۝١٢
Abdel Haleem
We have fetters, a blazing fire
Attributed to Ibn Abbas

(Lo! with Us) for them in the Hereafter (are heavy fetters) with which their hands will be tied to their necks and chains will also be put around their necks (and a raging fire) which they will enter,

Connections 2 single-source 1 commentator

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73:13 ›
وَطَعَامࣰا ذَا غُصَّةࣲ وَعَذَابًا أَلِیمࣰا ۝١٣
Abdel Haleem
food that chokes, and agonizing torment in store for the
Attributed to Ibn Abbas

(And food) the Zaqqum (which choketh (the partaker), and a painful doom) whose pain will extend to their hearts.

Connections 2 single-source 1 commentator

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Note: these connections are extracted from numeric S:A references inside the commentary text and are therefore biased toward mufassirun who use that notation. Prose-style references (e.g. "Surat al-Baqarah verse 30") will be added later, which should surface additional multi-source consensus.

73:14 ›
یَوۡمَ تَرۡجُفُ ٱلۡأَرۡضُ وَٱلۡجِبَالُ وَكَانَتِ ٱلۡجِبَالُ كَثِیبࣰا مَّهِیلًا ۝١٤
Abdel Haleem
on the Day when the earth and the mountains will shake. The mountains will become a heap of loose sand
Attributed to Ibn Abbas

Then Allah explained when this will take place, saying: (On the day when the earth and the hills rock) on the day when the earth and the mountains will quake, (and the hills become a heap of running sand.

Connections 2 single-source 1 commentator

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No verses on this ayah are cited by 2 or more commentators using numeric S:A notation. All extracted references come from a single source's commentary.

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Note: these connections are extracted from numeric S:A references inside the commentary text and are therefore biased toward mufassirun who use that notation. Prose-style references (e.g. "Surat al-Baqarah verse 30") will be added later, which should surface additional multi-source consensus.

73:15 ›
إِنَّاۤ أَرۡسَلۡنَاۤ إِلَیۡكُمۡ رَسُولࣰا شَـٰهِدًا عَلَیۡكُمۡ كَمَاۤ أَرۡسَلۡنَاۤ إِلَىٰ فِرۡعَوۡنَ رَسُولࣰا ۝١٥
Abdel Haleem
We have sent a messenger to you [people] to be your witness, just as We sent a messenger to Pharaoh
Attributed to Ibn Abbas

Lo! We have sent unto you a messenger) i.e. Muhammad (pbuh) (as witness against you) that he has conveyed the message, (even as We sent unto Pharaoh a messenger) i.e. Moses.

Connections 2 single-source 1 commentator

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No verses on this ayah are cited by 2 or more commentators using numeric S:A notation. All extracted references come from a single source's commentary.

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Note: these connections are extracted from numeric S:A references inside the commentary text and are therefore biased toward mufassirun who use that notation. Prose-style references (e.g. "Surat al-Baqarah verse 30") will be added later, which should surface additional multi-source consensus.

73:16 ›
فَعَصَىٰ فِرۡعَوۡنُ ٱلرَّسُولَ فَأَخَذۡنَـٰهُ أَخۡذࣰا وَبِیلࣰا ۝١٦
Abdel Haleem
but Pharaoh disobeyed the messenger and so We inflicted a heavy punishment on him
Attributed to Ibn Abbas

(But Pharaoh rebelled against the messenger) i.e. Moses, and did not accept his call, (whereupon We seized him with no gentle grip) therefore We punished him with a severe punishment, i.e. by drowning.

Connections 2 single-source 1 commentator

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No verses on this ayah are cited by 2 or more commentators using numeric S:A notation. All extracted references come from a single source's commentary.

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73:17 ›
فَكَیۡفَ تَتَّقُونَ إِن كَفَرۡتُمۡ یَوۡمࣰا یَجۡعَلُ ٱلۡوِلۡدَ ٰنَ شِیبًا ۝١٧
Abdel Haleem
So if you disbelieve, how can you guard yourselves against a Day that will turn children’s hair grey
Attributed to Ibn Abbas

(Then how) will you ward off disbelief, idolatry and indecencies, O people of Mecca (if ye disbelieve) in the life of the world, (will ye protect yourselves upon the day) the Day of Judgement (which will turn children grey) when they hear Allah say to Adam: �O Adam! Send a group from your progeny to the Fire�. Adam will say: �O Lord! How many?� Allah will say: �From every one thousand, send 999 to the Fire and one person to the Garden�,

Connections 2 single-source 1 commentator

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No verses on this ayah are cited by 2 or more commentators using numeric S:A notation. All extracted references come from a single source's commentary.

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Note: these connections are extracted from numeric S:A references inside the commentary text and are therefore biased toward mufassirun who use that notation. Prose-style references (e.g. "Surat al-Baqarah verse 30") will be added later, which should surface additional multi-source consensus.

73:18 ›
ٱلسَّمَاۤءُ مُنفَطِرُۢ بِهِۦۚ كَانَ وَعۡدُهُۥ مَفۡعُولًا ۝١٨
Abdel Haleem
a Day when the sky will be torn apart? God’s promise will certainly be fulfilled
Attributed to Ibn Abbas

(The very heaven being then) when the children turn grey; and it is said: due to the descent of the command of the Lord and the angels (rent asunder. His promise) regarding the resurrection (is to be fulfilled) is to take place.

Connections 2 single-source 1 commentator

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No verses on this ayah are cited by 2 or more commentators using numeric S:A notation. All extracted references come from a single source's commentary.

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Note: these connections are extracted from numeric S:A references inside the commentary text and are therefore biased toward mufassirun who use that notation. Prose-style references (e.g. "Surat al-Baqarah verse 30") will be added later, which should surface additional multi-source consensus.

73:19 ›
إِنَّ هَـٰذِهِۦ تَذۡكِرَةࣱۖ فَمَن شَاۤءَ ٱتَّخَذَ إِلَىٰ رَبِّهِۦ سَبِیلًا ۝١٩
Abdel Haleem
This is a reminder. Let whoever wishes take the way to his Lord
Attributed to Ibn Abbas

(Lo! This) surah (is a Reminder) is an admonition and clarification for you. (Let him who will, then, choose a way unto his Lord) a way to head towards Allah; it is also said this means: let him who will use this to return to his Lord.

Connections 3 single-source 1 commentator

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73:20 ›
۞ إِنَّ رَبَّكَ یَعۡلَمُ أَنَّكَ تَقُومُ أَدۡنَىٰ مِن ثُلُثَیِ ٱلَّیۡلِ وَنِصۡفَهُۥ وَثُلُثَهُۥ وَطَاۤىِٕفَةࣱ مِّنَ ٱلَّذِینَ مَعَكَۚ وَٱللَّهُ یُقَدِّرُ ٱلَّیۡلَ وَٱلنَّهَارَۚ عَلِمَ أَن لَّن تُحۡصُوهُ فَتَابَ عَلَیۡكُمۡۖ فَٱقۡرَءُوا۟ مَا تَیَسَّرَ مِنَ ٱلۡقُرۡءَانِۚ عَلِمَ أَن سَیَكُونُ مِنكُم مَّرۡضَىٰ وَءَاخَرُونَ یَضۡرِبُونَ فِی ٱلۡأَرۡضِ یَبۡتَغُونَ مِن فَضۡلِ ٱللَّهِ وَءَاخَرُونَ یُقَـٰتِلُونَ فِی سَبِیلِ ٱللَّهِۖ فَٱقۡرَءُوا۟ مَا تَیَسَّرَ مِنۡهُۚ وَأَقِیمُوا۟ ٱلصَّلَوٰةَ وَءَاتُوا۟ ٱلزَّكَوٰةَ وَأَقۡرِضُوا۟ ٱللَّهَ قَرۡضًا حَسَنࣰاۚ وَمَا تُقَدِّمُوا۟ لِأَنفُسِكُم مِّنۡ خَیۡرࣲ تَجِدُوهُ عِندَ ٱللَّهِ هُوَ خَیۡرࣰا وَأَعۡظَمَ أَجۡرࣰاۚ وَٱسۡتَغۡفِرُوا۟ ٱللَّهَۖ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ غَفُورࣱ رَّحِیمُۢ ۝٢٠
Abdel Haleem
[Prophet], your Lord is well aware that you sometimes spend nearly two-thirds of the night at prayer––sometimes half, sometimes a third––as do some of your followers. God determines the division of night and day. He knows that you will not be able to keep a measure of it and He has relented towards all of you, so recite as much of the Quran as is easy for you. He knows that some of you will be sick, some of you travelling through the land seeking God’s bounty, some of you fighting in God’s way: recite as much as is easy for you, keep up the prayer, pay the prescribed alms, and make God a good loan. Whatever good you store up for yourselves will be improved and increased for you. Ask God for His forgiveness, He is most forgiving, most merciful
Attributed to Ibn Abbas

(Lo! thy Lord) O Muhammad (knoweth how thou keepest vigil sometimes nearly) less than (two thirds of the night) up to half of the night, (or (sometimes) half) and sometimes you keep vigil half of the night (or a third thereof) and you keep vigil a third of the night; it is also said this means: and sometimes less than half of the night, (as do a party of those with thee) and a group of believers with you who keep vigil of the night in prayer. (Allah measureth the night and the day) Allah knows the hours of the day and night. (He knoweth that ye count it not) i.e. keep track of the hours of the night; it is also said that this means: He knows you will not be able to persevere in that which you are commanded of prayer in the night, (and turneth unto you in mercy) and so He forgives you if you do not pray at night. (Recite, then, of the Qur'an) when you perform the prayers (that which is easy for you) 100 verses and more; and it is also said this means: whatever you wish to recite of the Qur'an. (He knoweth that there are sick folk among you) wounded people among you who cannot pray at night, (while others travel in the land) fleeing from something or (in search of Allah's bounty) of Allah's provision and other things, and it is hard on them to pray at night, (and others (still) are fighting for the cause of Allah) for the obedience of Allah who will find it hard to pray at night. (So recite of it) of the Qur'an in your prayers (that which is easy (for you), and establish worship) complete the five daily prayers including what is required for its validity of ritual ablution, bowings, prostrations and the observation of their due times (and pay the poor-due) from your wealth (and (so) lend unto Allah) by giving to charity; and it is also said: by doing righteous works (a goodly loan) truly and sincerely from your hearts. (Whatsoever good) alms or righteous works (ye send before you for your souls, ye will surely find it) find its reward (with Allah) in Paradise preserved for you, neither stolen, drowned, burnt or eaten by borer, (better) than what you have left in the life of the world (and greater in the recompense) than that which you have. (And seek forgiveness of Allah) from your sins. (Lo! Allah is Forgiving) He forgives whoever repents, (Merciful) towards he who dies repentant, because of the mercy of he who is enveloped in his cloak'.

Connections 5 single-source 2 commentators

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Note: these connections are extracted from numeric S:A references inside the commentary text and are therefore biased toward mufassirun who use that notation. Prose-style references (e.g. "Surat al-Baqarah verse 30") will be added later, which should surface additional multi-source consensus.

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