Tanwir al-Miqbas min Tafsir Ibn Abbas al-Mudathir المُدَّثِّر (The Cloaked One, The Man Wearing a Cloak, The Clothed One) 56 verses · Meccan

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بِسْمِ ٱللَّهِ ٱلرَّحْمَـٰنِ ٱلرَّحِيمِ
In the name of God, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful
یَـٰۤأَیُّهَا ٱلۡمُدَّثِّرُ ۝١
Abdel Haleem
You, wrapped in your cloak
Attributed to Ibn Abbas

And from his narration on the authority of Ibn 'Abbas that he said regarding the interpretation of Allah's saying (O thou enveloped in your cloak): '(O thou enveloped in your cloak) addressing the Prophet (pbuh) who had enveloped himself in his cloak to sleep

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قُمۡ فَأَنذِرۡ ۝٢
Abdel Haleem
arise and give warning
Attributed to Ibn Abbas

(Arise and warn!) warn people and call them to profess Allah's divine Oneness.

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وَرَبَّكَ فَكَبِّرۡ ۝٣
Abdel Haleem
Proclaim the greatness of your Lord
Attributed to Ibn Abbas

(Your Lord magnify) Exonerate your Lord from what the idol worshippers say about Him,

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وَثِیَابَكَ فَطَهِّرۡ ۝٤
Abdel Haleem
cleanse yourself
Attributed to Ibn Abbas

(Your raiment purify) from filth; it is also said this means: and shorten your raiment; and it is also said this means: purify your heart from betrayal, treachery and exasperation; i.e. be pure of heart,

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وَٱلرُّجۡزَ فَٱهۡجُرۡ ۝٥
Abdel Haleem
keep away from all filth
Attributed to Ibn Abbas

(Pollution shun!) shun all sins and do not go near them.

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وَلَا تَمۡنُن تَسۡتَكۡثِرُ ۝٦
Abdel Haleem
do not be overwhelmed and weaken
Attributed to Ibn Abbas

(And show not favour, seeking worldly gain!) such that you give a little and receive instead what is more and better in the life of the world; it is also said this means: do not deem the works you do for Allah to be too much.

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وَلِرَبِّكَ فَٱصۡبِرۡ ۝٧
Abdel Haleem
be steadfast in your Lord’s cause
Attributed to Ibn Abbas

(For the sake of thy Lord, be patient!) Be patient in the worship and obedience of your Lord.

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فَإِذَا نُقِرَ فِی ٱلنَّاقُورِ ۝٨
Abdel Haleem
When the Trumpet sounds
Attributed to Ibn Abbas

(For when the trumpet shall sound) which is the sound of the Trumpet announcing the Resurrection,

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فَذَ ٰلِكَ یَوۡمَىِٕذࣲ یَوۡمٌ عَسِیرٌ ۝٩
Abdel Haleem
that will be a Day of anguish for the disbelievers
Attributed to Ibn Abbas

(Surely that day) i.e. the Day of Judgement (will be a day of anguish) will be a severe day,

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عَلَى ٱلۡكَـٰفِرِینَ غَیۡرُ یَسِیرࣲ ۝١٠
Abdel Haleem
They will have no ease
Attributed to Ibn Abbas

(Not of ease, for disbelievers) i.e. its horrors and torment are not easy for the disbelievers.

Connections 9 single-source 2 commentators

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ذَرۡنِی وَمَنۡ خَلَقۡتُ وَحِیدࣰا ۝١١
Abdel Haleem
[Prophet], leave Me to deal with the one I created helpless
Attributed to Ibn Abbas

(Leave Me) O Muhammad ((to deal) with him whom I created lonely) without wealth, children or spouse, this is a threat from Allah to al-Walid Ibn al-Mughirah al-Makhzumi.

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وَجَعَلۡتُ لَهُۥ مَالࣰا مَّمۡدُودࣰا ۝١٢
Abdel Haleem
then gave vast wealth
Attributed to Ibn Abbas

(And then) afterwards (bestowed upon him ample means) of all kinds, and his wealth kept increasing until he had in his possession 9,000 measures of silver,

Connections 4 single-source 1 commentator

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وَبَنِینَ شُهُودࣰا ۝١٣
Abdel Haleem
and sons by his side
Attributed to Ibn Abbas

(And sons abiding in his presence) never out of his sight. He had ten sons.

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وَمَهَّدتُّ لَهُۥ تَمۡهِیدࣰا ۝١٤
Abdel Haleem
making everything easy for him––
Attributed to Ibn Abbas

(And made (life) smooth for him) he had his wealth piled up just as one piles up couches on top of each other.

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ثُمَّ یَطۡمَعُ أَنۡ أَزِیدَ ۝١٥
Abdel Haleem
yet he still hopes I will give him more
Attributed to Ibn Abbas

(Yet he) i.e. al-Walid (desireth that I should give more) wealth while disobeying and disbelieving in Me.

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كَلَّاۤۖ إِنَّهُۥ كَانَ لِءَایَـٰتِنَا عَنِیدࣰا ۝١٦
Abdel Haleem
No! He has been stubbornly hostile to Our revelation
Attributed to Ibn Abbas

(Nay!) I will not give him more. And since then his wealth kept decreasing. (For lo! He) i.e. al-Walid Ibn al-Mughirah (hath been stubborn to Our revelations) to Our Scripture and Messenger; he turned away from them in disbelief.

Connections 4 single-source 1 commentator

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سَأُرۡهِقُهُۥ صَعُودًا ۝١٧
Abdel Haleem
I will inflict a spiralling torment on him
Attributed to Ibn Abbas

(On him I shall impose a fearful doom) I shall make him climb a smooth rock in the Fire such that whenever he puts his hands on it, he wwould melt, and then he will be restored to how he used to be; it is also said that Allah will make him climb a rock of copper which pulls him from the front and hits him from the back.

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إِنَّهُۥ فَكَّرَ وَقَدَّرَ ۝١٨
Abdel Haleem
He planned and plotted––
Attributed to Ibn Abbas

(For lo! He) i.e. al-Walid Ibn al-Mughirah (did consider) within himself the matter of Muhammad (pbuh); (then he planned) to say that he is a wizard

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فَقُتِلَ كَیۡفَ قَدَّرَ ۝١٩
Abdel Haleem
devilishly he plotted
Attributed to Ibn Abbas

((Self) destroyed is he) cursed is he, (how he planned!) his saying about Muhammad (pbuh)

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ثُمَّ قُتِلَ كَیۡفَ قَدَّرَ ۝٢٠
Abdel Haleem
ferociously he plotted!––
Attributed to Ibn Abbas

(Again (self) destroyed is he) again cursed is he, (how he planned!) his saying about Muhammad (pbuh)

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ثُمَّ نَظَرَ ۝٢١
Abdel Haleem
and looke
Attributed to Ibn Abbas

(Then looked he) he considered again his saying that the Prophet was a wizard; it is also said that this means: then he considered the words of the prophetic Companions when they said to him: �Come and join that which is good, O Ibn al-Mughirah!�,

Connections 4 single-source 1 commentator

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ثُمَّ عَبَسَ وَبَسَرَ ۝٢٢
Abdel Haleem
and frowned and scowle
Attributed to Ibn Abbas

(Then frowned he and showed displeasure.

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ثُمَّ أَدۡبَرَ وَٱسۡتَكۡبَرَ ۝٢٣
Abdel Haleem
and turned away and behaved arrogantl
Attributed to Ibn Abbas

Then turned he away) from the Companions of the Prophet (pbuh) and returned to his family (in pride) too proud to accept faith and listen to them.

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فَقَالَ إِنۡ هَـٰذَاۤ إِلَّا سِحۡرࣱ یُؤۡثَرُ ۝٢٤
Abdel Haleem
and said, ‘This is just old sorcery
Attributed to Ibn Abbas

(And said: This) which Muhammad (pbuh) says (is naught else than magic from of old) magic which he took from Musaylimah the liar in al-Yamamah and he is now relating it to us; it is also said that this means: what he says is taken from Jabr and Yasar;

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إِنۡ هَـٰذَاۤ إِلَّا قَوۡلُ ٱلۡبَشَرِ ۝٢٥
Abdel Haleem
just the talk of a mortal!’
Attributed to Ibn Abbas

(This) which Muhammad (pbuh) says, is (naught else than speech of mortal man) the speech of Jabr and Yasar.

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سَأُصۡلِیهِ سَقَرَ ۝٢٦
Abdel Haleem
I will throw him into the scorching Fire
Attributed to Ibn Abbas

(Him) al-Walid Ibn al-Mughirah (shall I fling) in the Hereafter (unto the burning) unto the fourth gate of the Fire.

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وَمَاۤ أَدۡرَىٰكَ مَا سَقَرُ ۝٢٧
Abdel Haleem
What will explain to you what the scorching Fire is
Attributed to Ibn Abbas

(Ah, what will convey unto thee) O Muhammad (what that burning is!

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لَا تُبۡقِی وَلَا تَذَرُ ۝٢٨
Abdel Haleem
It spares nothing and leaves nothing
Attributed to Ibn Abbas

It leaveth naught) any of their flesh except that it devours it; (It spareth naught) and it devours them when they are restored again to their former shape.

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لَوَّاحَةࣱ لِّلۡبَشَرِ ۝٢٩
Abdel Haleem
it scorches the flesh of humans
Attributed to Ibn Abbas

(It shriveleth the man) it disfigures their bodies and darkens their faces.

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عَلَیۡهَا تِسۡعَةَ عَشَرَ ۝٣٠
Abdel Haleem
there are nineteen in charge of it––
Attributed to Ibn Abbas

(Above it) above the Fire (are nineteen) angels; they are the keepers of the Fire.

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وَمَا جَعَلۡنَاۤ أَصۡحَـٰبَ ٱلنَّارِ إِلَّا مَلَـٰۤىِٕكَةࣰۖ وَمَا جَعَلۡنَا عِدَّتَهُمۡ إِلَّا فِتۡنَةࣰ لِّلَّذِینَ كَفَرُوا۟ لِیَسۡتَیۡقِنَ ٱلَّذِینَ أُوتُوا۟ ٱلۡكِتَـٰبَ وَیَزۡدَادَ ٱلَّذِینَ ءَامَنُوۤا۟ إِیمَـٰنࣰا وَلَا یَرۡتَابَ ٱلَّذِینَ أُوتُوا۟ ٱلۡكِتَـٰبَ وَٱلۡمُؤۡمِنُونَ وَلِیَقُولَ ٱلَّذِینَ فِی قُلُوبِهِم مَّرَضࣱ وَٱلۡكَـٰفِرُونَ مَاذَاۤ أَرَادَ ٱللَّهُ بِهَـٰذَا مَثَلࣰاۚ كَذَ ٰلِكَ یُضِلُّ ٱللَّهُ مَن یَشَاۤءُ وَیَهۡدِی مَن یَشَاۤءُۚ وَمَا یَعۡلَمُ جُنُودَ رَبِّكَ إِلَّا هُوَۚ وَمَا هِیَ إِلَّا ذِكۡرَىٰ لِلۡبَشَرِ ۝٣١
Abdel Haleem
none other than angels appointed by Us to guard Hellfire- and We have made their number a test for the disbelievers. So those who have been given the Scripture will be certain and those who believe will have their faith increased: neither those who have been given the Scripture nor the believers will have any doubts, but the sick at heart and the disbelievers will say, ‘What could God mean by this description?’ God leaves whoever He will to stray and guides whoever He will- no one knows your Lord’s forces except Him- this [description] is a warning to mortals
Attributed to Ibn Abbas

(We have appointed) We set on the dwellers of the Fire (only angels) the keepers of the Fire (to be wardens of the Fire, and their number have We made) and We have not mentioned the fewness of the keepers of the Fire save (to be a stumbling block) except in order to be a calamity (for those who disbelieve) the disbelievers of Mecca: Abu'l-Ashadd Ibn Usayd Ibn Kildah who said: �I will take care of seventeen angels, nine on my back and eight on my chest; therefore you should take care of the other two�; (that those to whom the scripture) the Torah, i.e. 'Abdullah Ibn Salam and his followers, for it is written in the Torah that the number of the keepers of the Fire is nineteen (hath been given may have certainty, and that believers may increase in faith) when they know that what is in their Scripture is similar to that which is in the Torah; (and that those to whom the Scripture hath been given) 'Abdullah Ibn Salam and his followers, when they see that there is no difference between what is in the Qur'an and that which is in the Torah (and believers) also for the same reason (may not doubt; and that those in whose hearts there is disease) doubt and hypocrisy, (and disbelievers) the Jews and Christians; and it is said: the disbelievers of Mecca, (may say: What meaneth Allah by this similitude) when he mentioned the small number of angels who are in charge of the Fire? (Thus Allah sendeth astray) through this similitude (whom He will) whomever deserves it, (and whom He will) and whomever deserves (He guideth) by means of this similitude. (None knoweth the hosts of your Lord) among the angels (save Him. This is) i.e. Saqar, the fourth gate of the Fire (naught else than a Reminder unto mortals) an admonition to people in order to warn them.

كَلَّا وَٱلۡقَمَرِ ۝٣٢
Abdel Haleem
Yes––by the moon
Attributed to Ibn Abbas

(Nay, by the Moon) Allah swore by the moon

Connections 1 single-source 1 commentator

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وَٱلَّیۡلِ إِذۡ أَدۡبَرَ ۝٣٣
Abdel Haleem
By the departing night
Attributed to Ibn Abbas

(And the night when it withdraweth

Connections 1 single-source 1 commentator

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وَٱلصُّبۡحِ إِذَاۤ أَسۡفَرَ ۝٣٤
Abdel Haleem
By the shining dawn
Attributed to Ibn Abbas

And the dawn when it shineth forth.

Connections 1 single-source 1 commentator

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إِنَّهَا لَإِحۡدَى ٱلۡكُبَرِ ۝٣٥
Abdel Haleem
It is one of the mightiest things
Attributed to Ibn Abbas

Lo! this is) i.e. Saqar (one of the greatest (portents)) this is one of the gates of the Fire; other gates include: Jahannam, Laza, al-Hutamah, al-Sa'ir, al-Jahim, and al-Hawiyah.

Connections 1 single-source 1 commentator

Multi-source connections

No verses on this ayah are cited by 2 or more commentators using numeric S:A notation. All extracted references come from a single source's commentary.

Single-source mention (1) cited by only one commentator
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نَذِیرࣰا لِّلۡبَشَرِ ۝٣٦
Abdel Haleem
a warning to all mortals
Attributed to Ibn Abbas

(As a warning unto men) it is also said this means: Muhammad (pbuh) is a warner unto mankind. This leads us to the beginning of the surah and Allah's saying (Arise and warn), this latter part being mentioned last when it is the first part of the sequence,

Connections 1 single-source 1 commentator

Multi-source connections

No verses on this ayah are cited by 2 or more commentators using numeric S:A notation. All extracted references come from a single source's commentary.

Single-source mention (1) cited by only one commentator
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لِمَن شَاۤءَ مِنكُمۡ أَن یَتَقَدَّمَ أَوۡ یَتَأَخَّرَ ۝٣٧
Abdel Haleem
to those of you who choose to go ahead and those who lag behind
Attributed to Ibn Abbas

(Unto him of you who will advance) towards goodness (or hang back) from evil and therefore holds back from it; it is also said this means: or hang back from goodness and therefore disbelieve; this being a threat to them.

كُلُّ نَفۡسِۭ بِمَا كَسَبَتۡ رَهِینَةٌ ۝٣٨
Abdel Haleem
Every soul is held in pledge for its deeds
Attributed to Ibn Abbas

(Every soul) every disbelieving soul (is a pledge) in the Fire for eternity (for its own deeds) which it has earned in its state of disbelief;

Connections 4 single-source 2 commentators

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No verses on this ayah are cited by 2 or more commentators using numeric S:A notation. All extracted references come from a single source's commentary.

Single-source mentions (4) cited by only one commentator
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إِلَّاۤ أَصۡحَـٰبَ ٱلۡیَمِینِ ۝٣٩
Abdel Haleem
but the Companions of the Right will sta
Attributed to Ibn Abbas

(Save these who will stand on the right hand) who are the dwellers of Paradise who are not the same.

Connections 4 single-source 2 commentators

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Single-source mentions (4) cited by only one commentator
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فِی جَنَّـٰتࣲ یَتَسَاۤءَلُونَ ۝٤٠
Abdel Haleem
in Gardens and as
Attributed to Ibn Abbas

Rather, they are (In Gardens they will ask one another

Connections 5 single-source 2 commentators

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Single-source mentions (5) cited by only one commentator
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عَنِ ٱلۡمُجۡرِمِینَ ۝٤١
Abdel Haleem
about the guilty
Attributed to Ibn Abbas

Concerning the guilty) they will ask the dwellers of the Fire:

Connections 5 single-source 2 commentators

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Single-source mentions (5) cited by only one commentator
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مَا سَلَكَكُمۡ فِی سَقَرَ ۝٤٢
Abdel Haleem
‘What drove you to the Scorching Fire?’ [they will ask]
Attributed to Ibn Abbas

O so-and-so (What hath brought you to this burning?

Connections 5 single-source 2 commentators

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Single-source mentions (5) cited by only one commentator
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قَالُوا۟ لَمۡ نَكُ مِنَ ٱلۡمُصَلِّینَ ۝٤٣
Abdel Haleem
and they will answer, ‘We did not pray
Attributed to Ibn Abbas

They will answer) the dwellers of the Fire will answer: (We were not of those who prayed) the five daily prayers, i.e. we were not among the Muslims.

Connections 5 single-source 2 commentators

Multi-source connections

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Single-source mentions (5) cited by only one commentator
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وَلَمۡ نَكُ نُطۡعِمُ ٱلۡمِسۡكِینَ ۝٤٤
Abdel Haleem
we did not feed the poor
Attributed to Ibn Abbas

(Nor did we feed the wretched) we did not encourage giving alms to the needy nor were we among those who gave the poor-due or alms.

Connections 5 single-source 2 commentators

Multi-source connections

No verses on this ayah are cited by 2 or more commentators using numeric S:A notation. All extracted references come from a single source's commentary.

Single-source mentions (5) cited by only one commentator
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وَكُنَّا نَخُوضُ مَعَ ٱلۡخَاۤىِٕضِینَ ۝٤٥
Abdel Haleem
we indulged with others [in mocking the believers]
Attributed to Ibn Abbas

(We used to wade (in vain dispute) with (all) waders) we used to indulge with the adherents of falsehood,

Connections 5 single-source 2 commentators

Multi-source connections

No verses on this ayah are cited by 2 or more commentators using numeric S:A notation. All extracted references come from a single source's commentary.

Single-source mentions (5) cited by only one commentator
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وَكُنَّا نُكَذِّبُ بِیَوۡمِ ٱلدِّینِ ۝٤٦
Abdel Haleem
we denied the Day of Judgemen
Attributed to Ibn Abbas

(And we used to deny the Day of Judgement) and we used to say that the Day of Reckoning will never happen,

Connections 5 single-source 2 commentators

Multi-source connections

No verses on this ayah are cited by 2 or more commentators using numeric S:A notation. All extracted references come from a single source's commentary.

Single-source mentions (5) cited by only one commentator
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حَتَّىٰۤ أَتَىٰنَا ٱلۡیَقِینُ ۝٤٧
Abdel Haleem
until the Certain End came upon us.’
Attributed to Ibn Abbas

(Till the inevitable came unto us) until death came to us.

Connections 5 single-source 2 commentators

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فَمَا تَنفَعُهُمۡ شَفَـٰعَةُ ٱلشَّـٰفِعِینَ ۝٤٨
Abdel Haleem
No intercessor’s plea will benefit them now
Attributed to Ibn Abbas

(The mediation of no mediators will avail them then) Allah says: the intercession of the angels, prophets and righteous ones will not benefit them.

Connections 3 single-source 1 commentator

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فَمَا لَهُمۡ عَنِ ٱلتَّذۡكِرَةِ مُعۡرِضِینَ ۝٤٩
Abdel Haleem
What is the matter with them? Why do they turn away from the warning
Attributed to Ibn Abbas

(Why now turn they away from) disbelieve in (the Admonishment) the Qur'an

Connections 3 single-source 1 commentator

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كَأَنَّهُمۡ حُمُرࣱ مُّسۡتَنفِرَةࣱ ۝٥٠
Abdel Haleem
like frightened asse
Attributed to Ibn Abbas

(As they were frightened asses

Connections 4 single-source 2 commentators

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فَرَّتۡ مِن قَسۡوَرَةِۭ ۝٥١
Abdel Haleem
fleeing from a lion
Attributed to Ibn Abbas

Fleeing from a lion) and it is said: from marksmen: and it is said: from a group of men?

Connections 4 single-source 2 commentators

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بَلۡ یُرِیدُ كُلُّ ٱمۡرِىࣲٕ مِّنۡهُمۡ أَن یُؤۡتَىٰ صُحُفࣰا مُّنَشَّرَةࣰ ۝٥٢
Abdel Haleem
Each one of them demands that a scripture be sent down to him and unrolled before his very eyes
Attributed to Ibn Abbas

(Nay, but everyone of them desireth that he should be given open pages (from Allah)) a book wherein is written his crimes and repentance, for they said: �bring us a book in which is written our crimes and repentance and we will believe in you�.

Connections 4 single-source 2 commentators

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كَلَّاۖ بَل لَّا یَخَافُونَ ٱلۡءَاخِرَةَ ۝٥٣
Abdel Haleem
No! Truly they have no fear of the life to come
Attributed to Ibn Abbas

(Nay, verily) he will not be given this. (They fear not the Hereafter) they do not fear the torment of the Hereafter.

Connections 4 single-source 2 commentators

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كَلَّاۤ إِنَّهُۥ تَذۡكِرَةࣱ ۝٥٤
Abdel Haleem
but truly this is a reminder
Attributed to Ibn Abbas

(Nay, verily) O Muhammad. (Lo! this is an Admonishment) whoever wishes to take admonition from the Qur'an, will be admonished.

Connections 4 single-source 2 commentators

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فَمَن شَاۤءَ ذَكَرَهُۥ ۝٥٥
Abdel Haleem
Let whoever wishes to take heed do so
Attributed to Ibn Abbas

(So whosoever will may heed) may take admonition.

Connections 4 single-source 2 commentators

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وَمَا یَذۡكُرُونَ إِلَّاۤ أَن یَشَاۤءَ ٱللَّهُۚ هُوَ أَهۡلُ ٱلتَّقۡوَىٰ وَأَهۡلُ ٱلۡمَغۡفِرَةِ ۝٥٦
Abdel Haleem
they will only take heed if God so wishes. He is the Lord who should be heeded, the Lord of forgiveness
Attributed to Ibn Abbas

(And they will not heed unless Allah willeth (it). He is the fount of fear) He deserves to be feared such that He is not disobeyed. (He is the fount of Mercy) He is capable of forgiving those who repent, for He is the possessor of forgiveness when the Day of Resurrection takes place'.

Connections 3 single-source 1 commentator

Multi-source connections

No verses on this ayah are cited by 2 or more commentators using numeric S:A notation. All extracted references come from a single source's commentary.

Single-source mentions (3) cited by only one commentator
By commentator who cites how many verses on this ayah

Note: these connections are extracted from numeric S:A references inside the commentary text and are therefore biased toward mufassirun who use that notation. Prose-style references (e.g. "Surat al-Baqarah verse 30") will be added later, which should surface additional multi-source consensus.

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